Screw distributing mechanism and screw feeding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a screw distributing mechanism and a screw feeding machine, and relates to the field of full-automatic screw conveying and feeding. The nail distributing mechanism comprises a mounting seat, a material moving assembly (comprising a nail moving unit and a nail blocking unit which are synchronously driven), a cleaning assembly and an air blowing assembly; the feeding device comprises a screw bin with a chip removal hole and a chip collection box, a stepped feeding unit and a vibration feeding unit. In the working process, screws are adjusted to be in a vertical posture through step feeding and vibration feeding and then enter the screw separating mechanism, after detection is conducted through the sensing module, the driving unit synchronously moves and blocks the screws, and the screws are subjected to dual cleaning of gravity vibration separation and negative pressure adsorption and finally blown and conveyed to the locking end. The screw distributing device does not need an additional cleaning module, is accurate in screw distributing and efficient in feeding, and is suitable for 3C and semiconductor multi-shaft screw machines and full-automatic assembly lines.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a screw splitting mechanism, specifically to a screw splitting mechanism and a screw feeder. Background Technology

[0002] In precision manufacturing fields such as 3C and semiconductors, fully automated screw fastening production lines are facing increasingly stringent requirements for the continuity, cleanliness, and adaptability of screw feeding. Currently, the widely used air-blowing screw feeder operates on the core logic of storing screws in a screw hopper, adjusting them to a preset posture via a linear vibration conveying structure, feeding them into a screw discharging structure with the aid of air, and finally conveying them to the fastening end through a blowpipe.

[0003] However, existing technologies have many shortcomings that urgently need to be addressed: the cleaning function is missing or insufficient, and metal shavings, dust and other impurities are easily attached to screws during processing, storage and transportation. Traditional feeders need to be equipped with an additional independent cleaning module to meet the cleanliness requirements, which not only increases the size of the equipment and manufacturing costs, but also easily leads to interruption of the feeding process.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a technical means to solve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A screw feeding mechanism includes a mounting base, a material transfer assembly, a cleaning assembly, and a screw supply tube; wherein, the mounting base is provided with a screw dropping groove and a screw moving groove; the screw dropping groove vertically penetrates the mounting base; the screw moving groove is located on the upper part of the mounting base and is connected to the screw dropping groove, and in the working state, the screw moving groove is aligned with the screw output end of an external screw supply device;

[0007] The transfer assembly includes a screw-moving unit, a screw-stopping unit, and a drive unit connected to the screw-moving unit and the screw-stopping unit. The screw-moving unit is installed above the mounting base and is used to move the screw located at the output end of the external screw-feeding device horizontally through the screw-moving slot into the area above the screw-dropping slot under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw falls through the screw-dropping slot to the bottom of the mounting base. The screw-stopping unit is installed below the mounting base and is used to open and close the bottom of the screw-dropping slot as needed under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw can remain at the bottom of the screw-dropping slot when the screw-stopping unit is closed, and can fall from below the mounting base through the screw-dropping slot when the screw-stopping unit is open.

[0008] The cleaning component includes a first air pipe connector; one end of the first air pipe connector is connected to the bottom of the nail slot, and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device so that when the screw is at the bottom of the nail slot, a vacuum negative pressure is applied to the nail slot to suck up dust and debris from the hole.

[0009] The screw supply tube is installed below the mounting base and aligned with the screw drop groove so that when the screw stop unit opens the screw drop groove, the screw falls into the screw supply tube through the screw drop groove.

[0010] Preferably, the nail-moving unit includes a fixed plate and a movable plate; the fixed plate is installed on the upper part of the mounting base, and the fixed plate has a horizontal guide groove, the two ends of which are respectively located above the feeding end of the nail-moving groove and the nail-dropping groove; the movable plate is installed between the fixed plate and the mounting base, and the movable plate has an inclined guide groove; the driving unit is connected to the movable plate and is used to drive the movable plate to slide horizontally on the upper part of the mounting base, so that the movable plate has a first working state and a second working state; in the first working state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove, the first end of the inclined guide groove, and the opening of the nail-moving groove are vertically aligned; in the second working state, the second end of the horizontal guide groove, the second end of the inclined guide groove, and the opening of the nail-dropping groove are vertically aligned.

[0011] Preferably, the nail-stopping unit includes a nail-stopping plate; the nail-stopping plate is slidably mounted on the bottom of the mounting base, and the nail-stopping plate has a connecting groove and a sliding nail ramp; the driving unit is connected to the nail-stopping plate and is used to drive the nail-stopping plate to slide along the mounting base, so that when the nail-stopping plate is in the open state, the connecting groove is aligned with the nail-dropping groove, and when the nail-stopping plate is in the closed state, the sliding nail ramp is aligned with the nail-dropping groove.

[0012] Preferably, the driving unit includes a connecting column and a first driving cylinder; the connecting column is installed in the mounting base and connected to the moving plate and the stop plate; the first driving cylinder is connected to the connecting column and is used to drive the connecting column to move along the mounting base, thereby synchronously driving the moving plate and the stop plate to move along the mounting base.

[0013] Preferably, the screw-moving unit further includes a sensing module for monitoring whether the screw has entered the first end of the horizontal guide groove.

[0014] Preferably, the nail-moving unit further includes a gathering block; the gathering block is installed in the nail-moving groove and connected to the moving plate.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes an air blowing assembly; the air blowing assembly includes a second air pipe connector; the second air pipe connector is installed at the bottom of the mounting base, and the air outlet end of the second air pipe connector is connected to the upper end of the nail supply tube for blowing air into the nail supply tube.

[0016] A screw feeder includes a screw splitting mechanism and a screw feeding device for docking with the screw splitting mechanism to provide screws to the screw splitting mechanism.

[0017] Preferably, the screw feeding device includes a screw hopper and a feeding assembly whose output end is aligned with the port of the screw transfer slot, for feeding screws located in the screw hopper toward the port of the screw transfer slot.

[0018] Preferably, the feeding assembly includes a vibratory feeding unit whose output end is aligned with the opening of the screw transfer slot for feeding screws toward the opening of the screw transfer slot, and a stepped feeding unit installed in the screw hopper for feeding screws located in the screw hopper to the vibratory feeding unit.

[0019] This invention, through structural innovation and functional integration of the screw feeding mechanism and screw feeder, effectively solves the shortcomings of existing screw feeding equipment, such as reliance on external modules for cleaning, poor length-to-diameter ratio adaptability, low motion coordination, and insufficient feeding efficiency. Specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0020] This invention achieves a closed-loop cleaning system through "source chip removal + deep cleaning of the screw splitting end": the bottom of the screw hopper is equipped with chip removal holes and a debris collection box to achieve initial chip removal during the screw storage stage; at the screw dropping slot of the screw splitting mechanism, a dual cleaning design of "gravity vibration to remove impurities when the screw falls and vacuum negative pressure adsorption of residual debris at the first air pipe connector" is used, which can clean the screws without the need for an additional independent cleaning module, avoiding impurities from affecting the subsequent fastening accuracy, while simplifying the equipment structure, saving installation space, and adapting to the stringent requirements of screw cleanliness in the 3C and semiconductor industries. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a screw splitting mechanism according to the present invention; (at this time, the moving plate is in the first working state under the drive of the first driving cylinder).

[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional view at the first angle;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the cross-section at the second angle;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a portion of the screw-splitting mechanism; (at this time, the moving plate is in the first working state under the drive of the first driving cylinder, and the fixed plate is in the explosive state as it moves upward).

[0025] Figure 5 This is another overall schematic diagram of a screw-splitting mechanism according to the present invention; (at this time, the moving plate is in the second working state under the drive of the first driving cylinder).

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the cross-sectional view at the first angle;

[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the cross-section at the second angle;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a portion of the screw-splitting mechanism; (at this time, the moving plate is in the second working state under the drive of the first driving cylinder, and the fixed plate is in an upward-moving explosive state).

[0029] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting base and the surrounding block in the screw-screw mechanism; (at this point, the surrounding block is close to and enclosed in the screw-dropping groove).

[0030] Figure 10 This is another structural diagram of the mounting base and the surrounding block in the screw-screw mechanism; (in this case, the surrounding block is far from the screw-dropping groove).

[0031] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of an overall screw feeder according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 12 for Figure 11 Top view;

[0033] Figure 13 for Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of CC;

[0034] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a vibratory feeding unit in a screw feeder according to the present invention.

[0035] The following is an explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings:

[0036] Screw splitting mechanism 100, mounting base 1001, screw supply pipe 1002, screw dropping groove 1003, screw moving groove 1004, first air pipe connector 1005, chip removal groove 1006, fixing plate 1007, moving plate 1008, horizontal guide groove 1009, inclined guide groove 1010, limiting plate 1011, nail stop plate 1012, connecting groove 1013, sliding nail slope 1014, connecting column 1015, first driving cylinder 1016, first sliding groove 1017, second sliding groove 1018, mounting groove 1019, photoelectric transmitter 1020, photoelectric receiver 1021, shooting groove 1022, enclosing block 1023, arc-shaped opening 1024, second air pipe connector 1025;

[0037] External nail feeding device 200, screw hopper 2001, chip discharge hole 2002, chip collection box 2003, feeding seat 2004, first guide plate 2005, second guide plate 2006, third guide plate 2007, fourth guide plate 2008, connecting plate 2009, second drive cylinder 2010, linear vibrating feeder body 2011, first feeding track 2012, second feeding track 2013, horizontal feeding chute 2014, vertical feeding chute 2015. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Please see Figures 1 to 7 A screw feeding mechanism 100 includes a mounting base 1001, a material transfer assembly, a cleaning assembly, and a screw supply tube 1002. The mounting base 1001 is provided with a screw dropping groove 1003 and a screw moving groove 1004. The screw dropping groove 1003 vertically penetrates the mounting base 1001. The screw moving groove 1004 is located on the upper part of the mounting base 1001 and is connected to the screw dropping groove 1003. In the working state, the screw moving groove 1004 is aligned with the screw output end of the external screw supply device 200.

[0042] The material transfer unit includes a screw transfer unit, a screw stop unit, and a drive unit connected to the screw transfer unit and the screw stop unit. The screw transfer unit is installed above the mounting base 1001 and is used to move the screw located at the output end of the external screw supply device 200 horizontally through the screw transfer slot 1004 into the top of the screw drop slot 1003 under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw falls through the screw drop slot 1003 to the bottom of the mounting base 1001. The screw stop unit is installed below the mounting base 1001 and is used to open and close the bottom of the screw drop slot 1003 as needed under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw can stay at the bottom of the screw drop slot 1003 when the screw stop unit is closed, and can fall from below the mounting base 1001 through the screw drop slot 1003 when the screw stop unit is open.

[0043] The cleaning assembly includes a first air pipe connector 1005; one end of the first air pipe connector 1005 is connected to the bottom of the nail groove 1003, and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device so that when the screw is at the bottom of the nail groove 1003, a vacuum negative pressure is applied to the nail groove 1003 to suck up dust and debris in the hole.

[0044] The screw supply tube 1002 is installed below the mounting base 1001 and aligned with the screw drop groove 1003 so that when the screw stop unit opens the screw drop groove 1003, the screw falls into the screw supply tube 1002 through the screw drop groove 1003.

[0045] The working operation of the screw splitting mechanism 100 disclosed in this embodiment will be described below:

[0046] (I) Initial docking and driver readiness

[0047] Before starting the mechanism, complete the basic alignment: ensure that the nail inlet of the nail-moving groove 1004 on the upper part of the mounting base 1001 is aligned with the screw output end of the external nail supply device 200, and at the same time confirm that the nail supply pipe 1002 below the mounting base 1001 is precisely aligned with the nail drop groove 1003 (vertically penetrating the mounting base 1001) to establish the basic path for screw delivery; at the same time, check the power supply and signal connection status of the drive unit (which is connected to both the nail-moving unit and the nail-blocking unit) to ensure that it can drive the two units to operate normally, and that each component enters the standby mode.

[0048] (ii) The drive unit drives the screw to move to the nail slot 1003

[0049] When the external screw supply device 200 delivers the screw to the output end, the drive unit receives the action signal and drives the screw moving unit installed above the mounting base 1001 to push the screw at the output end into the aligned screw moving groove 1004, and continue to push the screw along the screw moving groove 1004 until the screw is moved to the top of the screw dropping groove 1003. Then, under the action of gravity, the screw moves downward along the vertically penetrating screw dropping groove 1003, gradually approaching the bottom of the screw dropping groove 1003.

[0050] (III) Drive unit control of pin storage and synchronous cleaning

[0051] As the screw moves towards the bottom of the nail groove 1003, the nail-blocking unit is in the closed state, completely sealing the bottom of the nail groove 1003. When the screw reaches the bottom of the nail groove 1003, it cannot fall further due to the obstruction of the nail-blocking unit, thus temporarily storing the screw. At the same time, due to the gravity effect of the height difference, some dust and debris can be shaken off the screw. At this time, the cleaning component is activated. Since one end of the first air pipe connector 1005 is connected to the bottom of the nail groove 1003 and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device, the external air extraction device generates negative pressure. Through the first air pipe connector 1005, negative pressure adsorption is applied to the inside of the nail groove 1003, thoroughly sucking up the dust, metal debris and other impurities remaining in the groove, completing the cleaning of the nail groove 1003.

[0052] (iv) Drive unit drives the release of the stop pin and screw insertion into the tube

[0053] When a subsequent process (such as the screw-tightening station) sends a screw supply request signal, the drive unit receives the signal and drives the screw-stopping unit to switch from the closed state to the open state: the screw-stopping unit leaves the bottom of the screw drop groove 1003, releasing its obstruction of the screw. The screw temporarily stored at the bottom of the screw drop groove 1003 continues to fall downwards under the action of gravity. Because the screw supply pipe 1002 is pre-aligned with the screw drop groove 1003, the screw falls directly into the screw supply pipe 1002, which stably transports the screw to the subsequent station. After the screw has completely left the screw drop groove 1003, the drive unit can drive the screw-stopping unit to reset to the closed state, preparing for the next screw-sewing process, forming a cycle.

[0054] Specifically, the side of the mounting base 1001 is provided with an air pipe groove for the first air pipe connector 1005, and the inner side of the air pipe groove is connected to the nail groove 1003 through a chip groove 1006.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, in step two, the drive unit is connected to the screw-moving unit and the screw-stopping unit so that the screw-moving unit can work together. Further, when the external screw-supplying device 200 delivers the screw to the output end, the screw-stopping unit is in the open screw-dropping slot 1003 state. The drive unit receives an action signal and drives the screw-moving unit mounted above the mounting base 1001 to push the screw at the output end into the aligned screw-moving slot 1004, and continues to push the screw along the screw-moving slot 1004. When the drive unit drives the screw-moving unit to gradually push the screw above the screw-dropping slot 1003, it simultaneously drives the screw-stopping unit to gradually close the bottom of the screw-dropping slot 1003; when the drive unit drives the screw-moving unit to completely push the screw into the screw-dropping slot... When the screw is above the slot 1003, the pin-stopping unit completely closes the bottom of the pin-dropping slot 1003, so that the screw stays at the bottom of the pin-dropping slot 1003 under the action of gravity, so that the subsequent cleaning component can clean it; after cleaning is completed, the drive unit drives the pin-moving unit and the pin-stopping unit to reset. During the reset process, the pin-moving unit gradually moves to the initial position so that in the next pin-moving process, the pin-stopping unit gradually opens the bottom of the pin-dropping slot 1003 so that the screw can completely pass through the pin-dropping slot 1003 and fall into the pin-feeding tube 1002, thereby completing the pin-feeding action; through the above settings, the pin-moving and pin-feeding can work together to complete the pin-separation process of the transfer component efficiently and orderly, which is suitable for industrial applications.

[0056] The beneficial effects of the technical solution disclosed in this embodiment are as follows:

[0057] (i) Precise screw distribution path to avoid jamming failure; the mounting base 1001 integrates the screw dropping groove 1003 (vertically through) and the screw moving groove 1004 (set at the top and connected to the screw dropping groove 1003) to form a fixed screw transfer channel; the screw moving unit moves the screw horizontally along the screw moving groove 1004 to ensure that the screw can be accurately aligned with the entrance of the screw dropping groove 1003 and fall into the groove, avoiding the screw offset and jamming problems in traditional screw distribution mechanisms and improving the stability of the screw distribution process.

[0058] (ii) Real-time cleaning to ensure screw delivery quality: The cleaning component works in conjunction with the bottom of the screw drop groove 1003 and an external air extraction device via the first air pipe connector 1005. Simultaneously, vacuum negative pressure cleaning is performed when the screw rests at the bottom of the screw drop groove 1003, effectively removing dust and debris from the screw drop groove 1003. This prevents impurities from entering subsequent processes with the screw and affecting product assembly accuracy, and also prevents impurities from accumulating and clogging the screw drop groove 1003, reducing the frequency of mechanism maintenance.

[0059] (iii) Smooth conveying path, improving nail feeding efficiency; the nail feeding tube 1002 and the nail dropping groove 1003 are precisely aligned, and the screw can directly enter the nail feeding tube 1002 when it falls from the nail dropping groove 1003 without additional position adjustment, thus shortening the screw conveying path; at the same time, the vertical through design of the nail dropping groove 1003 allows the screw to move quickly by gravity without the need for a complex drive structure, which improves the overall nail feeding efficiency while ensuring conveying stability.

[0060] (iv) Integrated structure saves installation space; the mounting base 1001 serves as the core carrier and integrates the nail dropping groove 1003 and the nail moving groove 1004. The nail moving unit and the nail blocking unit are respectively installed above and below the mounting base 1001. The cleaning components and the nail supply pipe 1002 are also assembled in an orderly manner around the mounting base 1001. The layout of each component is compact and does not require separate installation, which greatly saves the installation space of the mechanism on the production line and adapts to the use needs of narrow workstations.

[0061] In one specific embodiment, the nail-moving unit includes a fixed plate 1007 and a movable plate 1008; the fixed plate 1007 is mounted on the upper part of the mounting base 1001, and the fixed plate 1007 is provided with a horizontal guide groove 1009, the two ends of which are respectively located above the feeding end of the nail-moving groove 1004 and the nail-dropping groove 1003; the movable plate 1008 is mounted between the fixed plate 1007 and the mounting base 1001, and the movable plate 1008 is provided with an inclined guide groove 1010; the drive unit... The element is connected to the movable plate 1008 and is used to drive the movable plate 1008 to slide horizontally on the upper part of the mounting base 1001, so that the movable plate 1008 has a first working state and a second working state; in the first working state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the first end of the inclined guide groove 1010 and the groove opening of the nail-moving groove 1004 are vertically aligned; in the second working state, the second end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the second end of the inclined guide groove 1010 and the groove opening of the nail-dropping groove 1003 are vertically aligned.

[0062] Furthermore, in this embodiment, during operation, please refer to... Figures 1 to 4In the initial state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the first end of the inclined guide groove 1010, and the opening of the nail-moving groove 1004 are vertically aligned, meaning the moving plate 1008 is in its first working state. Subsequently, the external nail-feeding device 200 delivers the screw to the opening of the nail-moving groove 1004. At this time, the screw head is located at the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009; the screw body is located within the first end of the inclined guide groove 1010 and the opening of the nail-moving groove 1004. Then, when the drive unit is activated, the moving plate 1008 moves on the upper part of the mounting base 1001, switching the moving plate 1008 from the first working state to the second working state. During this switching process, the screw is restricted by the position of the horizontal guide groove 1009. Simultaneously, due to the power drive of the inclined guide groove 1010 on the screw as the moving plate 1008 moves, the screw moves horizontally within the horizontal guide groove 1009. When the moving plate 1008 is fully switched to the second working state, please refer to... Figures 4 to 8 At this point, the second end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the second end of the inclined guide groove 1010, and the opening of the nail-dropping groove 1003 are vertically aligned, so that the screw moves along the horizontal guide groove 1009 to the top of the nail-dropping groove 1003, and then falls along the nail-dropping groove 1003 under the action of gravity. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the two walls of the horizontal guide groove 1009 are provided with limiting plates 1011, and the limiting plates 1011 near the second end of the horizontal guide groove 1009 have an arc transition with the groove wall of the horizontal guide groove 1009; in the initial state, when the screw feeding device 200 delivers the screw into the horizontal guide groove 1009, the screw body is located between the two limiting plates 1011, and the head of the screw is supported by the two limiting plates 1011, so that the screw can move stably along the horizontal guide groove 1009 when the moving plate 1008 switches from the first working state to the second working state. And because the limiting plates 1011 near the second end of the horizontal guide groove 1009 have an arc transition with the groove wall of the horizontal guide groove 1009, when the first working state is completely switched to the second working state, the screw head loses the support of the limiting plates 1011 and falls smoothly into the nail dropping groove 1003;

[0063] In this embodiment, the screw-moving unit forms a dual-guide structure through the "horizontal guide groove 1009 of the fixed plate 1007 and the inclined guide groove 1010 of the moving plate 1008": the horizontal guide groove 1009 limits the movement path of the screw head (only in the horizontal direction), and the inclined guide groove 1010 fits against the screw body to achieve radial constraint. During the transfer process, the screw is always within the cooperative constraint of the two guide grooves, avoiding the screw offset caused by the traditional screw-moving unit relying on a single pushing component (such as a push block), and further reducing the risk of alignment deviation when the screw is transferred to the top of the screw-dropping groove 1003.

[0064] In this embodiment, the head of the screw is always confined within the horizontal guide groove 1009, and the body is embedded within the inclined guide groove 1010. Throughout the entire process from "feeding into the screw-moving groove 1004" to "discharging from above the screw-dropping groove 1003," the screw maintains a fixed posture of "head facing upwards, body vertical" (without flipping or tilting). This feature is compatible with the "vertically penetrating screw-dropping groove 1003" structure: when the screw falls from the second end of the horizontal guide groove 1009 into the screw-dropping groove 1003, due to pre-calibrated posture, it can slide directly vertically along the screw-dropping groove 1003 without adjusting its posture, thus avoiding the problem of "screw tilting and jamming the entrance of the screw-dropping groove 1003."

[0065] In this embodiment, the screw-moving unit adopts a stacked layout of "fixed plate 1007 and movable plate 1008". Both plates are rigid structures (such as metal materials). The horizontal guide groove 1009 and the inclined guide groove 1010 are integrally formed groove structures (without movable connecting parts). Compared with the traditional screw-moving structure of "multi-link, elastic gripper", this design has no easily worn elastic parts or hinge points, and the contact between the screw and the groove wall during screw movement is sliding friction (the contact surface is smooth and can be treated with a wear-resistant coating), resulting in minimal wear. This effectively improves the service life of the screw-moving unit and further reduces the overall maintenance frequency and replacement cost of the mechanism.

[0066] In one specific embodiment, the nail-stopping unit includes a nail-stopping plate 1012; the nail-stopping plate 1012 is slidably mounted on the bottom of the mounting base 1001, and the nail-stopping plate 1012 is provided with a connecting groove 1013 and a sliding nail ramp 1014; a driving unit is connected to the nail-stopping plate 1012 and is used to drive the nail-stopping plate 1012 to slide along the mounting base 1001, so that when the nail-stopping plate 1012 is in the open state, the connecting groove 1013 is aligned with the nail-dropping groove 1003, and when the nail-stopping plate 1012 is in the closed state, the sliding nail ramp 1014 is aligned with the nail-dropping groove 1003. Specifically, in this embodiment, the size of the connecting groove 1013 corresponds to the nail dropping groove 1003, so that the screw can smoothly pass through the connecting groove 1013 and fall into the nail supply tube 1002 below. It is located on the side of the highest point of the sliding nail slope 1014. In the closed state, that is, when the screw stops at the bottom of the nail dropping groove 1003, the lowest point of the sliding nail slope 1014 moves to the bottom of the nail dropping groove 1003, so that the screw can fall on the sliding nail slope 1014. At the same time, since the connecting groove 1013 is located on the side of the highest point of the sliding nail slope 1014, the drive unit can quickly drive the nail stop plate 1012 from the closed state to the closed state. In addition, the setting of the sliding nail slope 1014 ensures the smooth movement of the nail on the nail stop plate 1012 when switching from the closed state to the open state.

[0067] Furthermore, the drive unit includes a connecting column 1015 and a first drive cylinder 1016; the connecting column 1015 is installed in the mounting base 1001 and connected to the moving plate 1008 and the stop plate 1012; the first drive cylinder 1016 is connected to the connecting column 1015 and is used to drive the connecting column 1015 to move along the mounting base 1001, thereby synchronously driving the moving plate 1008 and the stop plate 1012 to move along the mounting base 1001. Furthermore, the mounting base 1001 is provided with a first sliding groove 1017, a second sliding groove 1018, and a mounting groove 1019; the first sliding groove 1017 and the second sliding groove 1018 are respectively located at the upper and lower parts of the mounting base 1001, and are used to slide and install the movable plate 1008 and the stop plate 1012 respectively; the mounting groove 1019 is installed in the mounting base 1001 and communicates with the first sliding groove 1017 and the second sliding groove 1018; the connecting column 1015 is installed in the mounting groove 1019, and the first driving cylinder 1016 is installed on one side of the mounting base 1001 and connected to the connecting column 1015, and is used to drive the connecting column 1015 to move in the mounting groove 1019, so that it drives the movable plate 1008 and the stop plate 1012 to move along the first sliding groove 1017 and the second sliding groove 1018; Furthermore, in the initial state, the movable plate 1008 is in the first working state, at which time the nail stop plate 1012 is in the open state. Then, when the external nail supply device 200 delivers the nail to the port of the horizontal guide groove 1009 of the movable plate 1008, the first drive cylinder 1016 drives the movable plate 1008 and the nail stop plate 1012 to move synchronously along the first slide groove 1017 and the second slide groove 1018 through the connecting column 1015. On the one hand, during the movement, through the coordinated cooperation of the horizontal guide groove 1009 and the inclined guide groove 1010, the screw is moved to the top of the nail drop groove 1003, that is, the movable plate 1008 gradually switches from the first working state to the second working state. On the other hand, during the movement, the nail stop plate... 1012 gradually moves to the closed state, and the nail stop plate 1012 gradually moves from the connecting groove 1013 aligned with the screw groove to the sliding groove and the nail dropping groove 1003 aligned; thus, the delivered screw can fall smoothly into the bottom of the nail dropping groove 1003 and stay above the sliding slope 1014; when the cleaning component has finished cleaning, the first drive cylinder 1016 is reset through the connecting column 1015, so that the moving plate 1008 returns to the first working state for subsequent screw receiving and transfer. At the same time, the nail stop plate 1012 switches from the closed state to the open state, and at this time the connecting groove 1013 is aligned with the nail dropping groove 1003, so that the cleaned screw can fall smoothly into the nail supply tube 1002;

[0068] In this embodiment, during temporary storage, the slope design of the sliding nail ramp 1014 allows the screw to naturally conform to the slope, avoiding the screw tilting (such as lying on its side or tipping over) caused by the "flat nail guard plate 1012", ensuring that the screw always stays at the bottom of the nail drop groove 1003 in a vertical position, laying the foundation for subsequent cleaning and release; at the same time, the slope disperses the impact force when the screw falls, reducing the rigid collision between the screw and the nail guard plate 1012, and reducing the risk of screw deformation.

[0069] When released, the tilt angle of the sliding nail ramp 1014 is designed to match the size of the connecting groove 1013 (corresponding to the size of the nail dropping groove 1003), so that the transition of the screw from "temporarily stored on the ramp" to "passing through the connecting groove 1013" is smooth. Combined with the rapid drive of the first drive cylinder 1016, the switching time of the nail baffle 1012 from closed to open is effectively shortened.

[0070] Furthermore, the connecting column 1015 integrates the connecting movable plate 1008 and the nail stop plate 1012, and works in conjunction with the first sliding groove 1017 (guided by the movable plate 1008) and the second sliding groove 1018 (guided by the nail stop plate 1012) of the mounting base 1001, so that the synchronous movement of the two is carried out along a fixed trajectory, avoiding the deviation caused by "multiple independent drive control" or "unguided drive", and significantly improving the continuity of the nail splitting process. The first drive cylinder 1016 transmits power centrally through the connecting column 1015. Compared with "multiple cylinders driving separately", it reduces the installation space of the drive components (the mounting groove 1019 is integrated in the mounting base 1001), and avoids the problem of asynchronous signals of multiple cylinders. The sliding fit between the sliding groove and the slider (moving plate 1008 / nail stop plate 1012) is a rigid connection with no elastic vulnerable parts, which effectively extends the service life of the drive structure and reduces the probability of failure.

[0071] In one specific embodiment, the screw-moving unit further includes a sensing module for monitoring whether a screw has entered the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the moving plate 1008 is in the first working state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the first end of the inclined guide groove 1010, and the port of the screw-moving groove 1004 are vertically aligned. The external screw-feeding device 200 delivers the screw to the first end port of the horizontal guide groove 1009. At this time, the screw head is located in the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, and the presence of the screw is detected by the sensing component. This instructs the first drive cylinder 1016 to drive the moving plate 1008 and the screw-stopping plate 1012 to move through the connecting column 1015, so that the moving plate 1008 switches from the first working state to the second working state, and the screw-stopping plate 1012 switches from the open state to the closed state. Furthermore, when the movable plate 1008 is in the second working state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009 of the fixed plate 1007 is blocked by the movable plate 1008, thereby effectively preventing subsequent screws from entering the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009.

[0072] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the sensing module is a pair of photoelectric switch sensors, model Panasonic_EX-11EB-1 or EX-11EAD-1, which includes a photoelectric emitter 1020 and a photoelectric receiver 1021, respectively installed at both ends of the fixing plate 1007; the fixing plate 1007 is provided with a ray groove 1022 for the passage of the sensing ray, the ray groove 1022 passes through the port of the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, so that when the screw is delivered into the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the screw can be accurately captured, thereby instructing the first drive cylinder 1016 to drive the moving plate 1008 to switch from the first working state to the second working state, so that the screw can fall smoothly into the screw slot 1003 and be located in the sliding position. Above the nail slope 1014, cleaning is facilitated. During cleaning, since the moving plate 1008 is in the second working state, it blocks the entry of subsequent screws by closing the first end port of the horizontal guide groove 1009 of the fixed plate 1007, thus effectively increasing the cleaning time. After cleaning is completed, the first drive cylinder 1016 resets, which in turn resets the nail stop plate 1012 and the moving plate 1008, allowing the cleaned screws to fall into the nail supply tube 1002. The moving plate 1008 switches from the second working state to the first working state, thereby reopening the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, allowing subsequent screws to enter the horizontal guide groove 1009 and be detected by the sensing module. Through the above settings, the orderly cleaning and feeding of screws can be guaranteed.

[0073] In one specific embodiment, please refer to Figure 9 as well as Figure 10The nail-moving unit also includes a gathering block 1023; the gathering block 1023 is installed in the nail-moving groove 1004 and connected to the moving plate 1008. Specifically, the side of the enclosing block 1023 is provided with an arc-shaped opening 1024 that mates with the side of the nail groove; specifically, in order to allow the screw to move smoothly from the opening of the moving groove into the nail dropping groove 1003, the upper part of the nail dropping groove 1003 is provided with an opening facing the opening of the moving groove 1004 to facilitate the passage of the screw; in this embodiment, in the first working state, the enclosing block 1023 is located at the end of the moving groove 1004 away from the nail dropping groove 1003. When the moving plate 1008 switches from the first working state to the second working state, the enclosing block 1023 moves with the moving plate 1008 and gradually approaches the nail dropping groove 1003 along the moving groove; when the moving plate 1008 has completely moved to the second working state, the screw moves to the top of the nail dropping groove 1003, and the arc-shaped opening 1024 of the enclosing block 1023 mates with the opening of the nail dropping groove 1003 so that the screw can fall stably and smoothly to the bottom of the nail dropping groove 1003.

[0074] In one specific embodiment, an air blowing assembly is also included; the air blowing assembly includes a second air pipe connector 1025; the second air pipe connector 1025 is installed at the bottom of the mounting base 1001, and the air outlet of the second air pipe connector 1025 is connected to the upper end of the nail supply tube 1002 for blowing air into the nail supply tube 1002. Specifically, the outer end of the second air pipe connector 1025 is connected to an air supply device. In this embodiment, when the screw is cleaned and enters the nail supply tube 1002, it will remain in the nail supply tube 1002. When the fastening end (subsequent process) issues a nailing request, the external air supply device works, and then blows the screw into the nail supply tube 1002 through the second air pipe connector 1025, so that the screw is blown from the nail supply tube 1002 to the fastening end by the airflow, thereby fulfilling the nailing request.

[0075] This invention also relates to a screw feeder; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 11 to 14 The screw feeder includes the aforementioned screw splitting mechanism 100 and a screw feeding device 200 for docking with the screw splitting mechanism 100 and for providing screws to the screw splitting mechanism 100.

[0076] In one specific embodiment, the screw feeding device 200 includes a screw hopper 2001 and a feeding assembly whose output end is aligned with the port of the screw transfer slot 1004, for feeding screws located in the screw hopper 2001 toward the port of the screw transfer slot 1004. Further, the bottom of the screw hopper 2001 is provided with a chip discharge hole 2002, and below the chip discharge hole 2002 is a chip collection box 2003, so that screw chips located in the screw hopper 2001 can be discharged from the chip discharge hole 2002 and collected by the chip collection box 2003.

[0077] In one specific embodiment, the feeding assembly includes a vibratory feeding unit whose output end is aligned with the opening of the screw transfer slot 1004 for feeding screws toward the opening of the screw transfer slot 1004, and a stepped feeding unit installed in the screw hopper 2001 for feeding screws located in the screw hopper 2001 to the vibratory feeding unit.

[0078] Specifically, in this embodiment, the stepped feeding unit includes a feeding seat 2004, a first guide plate 2005, a second guide plate 2006, a third guide plate 2007, a fourth guide plate 2008, a connecting plate 2009, and a second drive cylinder 2010, all installed within the screw hopper 2001. The feeding seat 2004 is installed within the screw hopper 2001. The first guide plate 2005 and the second guide plate 2006 are vertically staggered within the feeding seat 2004. The third guide plate 2007 is installed between the first guide plate 2005 and the second guide plate 2006. The fourth guide plate 2008 is installed on the side of the second guide plate 2006 away from the first guide plate 2005, and the third guide plate... The bottom of the material plate 2007 is connected to the bottom of the fourth guide plate 2008 via a connecting plate 2009. There is a height difference between the upper parts of the third guide plate 2007 and the upper parts of the fourth guide plate 2008, which is the same as the height difference between the upper parts of the first guide plate 2005 and the upper parts of the second guide plate 2006. The second drive cylinder 2010 is connected to the third guide plate 2007 and is used to drive the third guide plate 2007 to move vertically. The upper parts of the first guide plate 2005, second guide plate 2006, third guide plate 2007, and fourth guide plate 2008 are all equipped with guide ramps. The feed end of the vibrating feeding unit is installed on one side of the guide ramp of the first guide plate 2005. Specifically, during operation... The second drive cylinder 2010 drives the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 downwards, so that the fourth guide plate 2008 descends to the bottom of the screw hopper 2001. At this time, the upper parts of the third guide plate 2007 and the second guide plate 2006 are aligned. The screws located in the screw hopper 2001 abut against the upper part of the fourth guide plate 2008 through the setting of the guide ramp. Then, the second drive cylinder 2010 drives the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 upwards until the upper part of the first guide plate 2005 is aligned with the upper part of the third guide plate 2007, and the upper part of the second guide plate 2006 is aligned with the upper part of the fourth guide plate 2008. Then, the screws located on the upper part of the fourth guide plate 2008 pass through... The screw slides down the guide ramp onto the upper part of the second guide plate 2006. At this time, the second drive cylinder 2010 drives the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 downwards, so that the screw located on the upper part of the second guide plate 2006 slides down onto the upper part of the third guide ramp. When the second cylinder drives the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 upwards again until the upper part of the third guide plate 2007 is aligned with the upper part of the first guide plate 2005, the screw located on the upper part of the third guide plate 2007 slides down onto the upper part of the first guide plate 2005 through the guide ramp, and slides down onto the feed end of the vibrating feeding unit through the guide ramp on the upper part of the first guide plate 2005, thereby being conveyed by the vibrating feeding unit.

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the vibratory feeding unit includes a linear vibratory feeder body 2011, and a first feeding track 2012 and a second feeding track 2013 installed on the upper part of the linear vibratory feeder body 2011 and connected to each other. The first feeding track 2012 is installed on one side of the guide ramp of the first guide plate 2005 to receive screws sliding down from the upper end of the first guide plate 2005 and convey them to the second feeding track 2013. The output end of the second feeding track 2013 is connected to the slot of the screw transfer groove 1004 to convey screws into the screw transfer groove 1004. The first feeding track 2012 and the second feeding track 2013 are inclined from top to the screw transfer groove 1004. This allows the screws to move smoothly along the first feeding track 2012 and the second feeding track 2013 toward the screw transfer groove 1004 under the influence of gravity and the linear vibrating feeder body. In addition, the first feeding track 2012 is provided with a horizontal feeding chute 2014 for being arranged along the length of the first feeding track 2012, and the second feeding track 2013 is provided with a vertical feeding chute 2015 for being arranged along the length of the second feeding track 2013. This allows the screws to be effectively adjusted from a horizontal conveying state to a vertical conveying state when they transition from the first feeding track 2012 to the second feeding track 2013, thereby facilitating the smooth execution of the subsequent screw splitting process of the screw splitting mechanism 100.

[0080] The following is an overview of the working principle of the screw feeder involved in this invention:

[0081] (I) Working principle of the overall equipment

[0082] The screw feeder (including the screw sorting mechanism 100 and the screw feeding device 200) operates on the core logic of "orderly feeding - posture calibration - precise screw sorting - double cleaning - on-demand delivery". The components form a closed-loop feeding system through mechanical linkage and signal coordination. The specific workflow is as follows:

[0083] Screw storage and preliminary chip removal: Screws to be supplied are put into screw hopper 2001. During the storage stage of the screws in the hopper, some loose debris attached to the surface of the screws will fall naturally through the chip removal hole 2002 at the bottom of the screw hopper 2001 and be collected in the chip collection box 2003. This achieves preliminary pre-treatment of the screws and avoids the accumulation of debris that blocks the subsequent feeding channel.

[0084] The stepped feeding unit of the stepped orderly feeding device 200: the second drive cylinder 2010 drives the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 to perform periodic lifting and lowering movements along the feeding seat 2004. When the third guide plate 2007 and the fourth guide plate 2008 descend to the bottom of the screw hopper 2001, the screws adhere to the guide ramp of the fourth guide plate 2008 under the action of gravity. Then, the second drive cylinder 2010 drives the two guide plates to rise until the upper part of the third guide plate 2007 is flush with the upper part of the first guide plate 2005 and the upper part of the fourth guide plate 2008 is flush with the upper part of the second guide plate 2006. The screws slide down the guide ramp to the second guide plate 2006 and the third guide plate 2007 in sequence. When the guide plates rise again, the screws finally slide down to the guide ramp of the first guide plate 2005 and are guided by the ramp into the feed end of the vibrating feeding unit, completing the "low-high" stepped conveying and avoiding screw congestion.

[0085] When the linear vibratory feeder body 2011 of the attitude adjustment and directional conveying vibratory feeding unit is powered on, it generates directional vibration power: the screw first enters the horizontal feeding chute 2014 of the first feeding track 2012 and is stably conveyed in the horizontal direction; then it enters the vertical feeding chute 2015 of the second feeding track 2013, and is adjusted from "horizontal attitude" to "vertical attitude" (screw head facing upward, body vertical) under the constraint of the chute; finally, the vertically positioned screw is accurately fed into the screw-splitting mechanism 100's transfer slot 1004, and is vertically aligned with the horizontal guide slot 1009 of the fixed plate 1007 and the inclined guide slot 1010 of the moving plate 1008 in the screw-splitting unit, preparing for subsequent screw splitting.

[0086] Screw positioning detection and synchronous screw insertion: When the screw enters the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009, the sensing module (through-beam photoelectric switch sensor, including photoelectric transmitter 1020 and photoelectric receiver 1021) detects the presence of the screw through the injection groove 1022 and then sends an action signal to the first drive cylinder 1016. The first drive cylinder 1016 drives the connecting column 1015 to move along the mounting groove 1019 of the mounting base 1001, synchronously driving the moving plate 1008 to slide along the first sliding groove 1017 and the nail stop plate 1012 to slide along the second sliding groove 1018.

[0087] When the movable plate 1008 switches from the first working state to the second working state, its inclined guide groove 1010 generates a horizontal thrust on the screw body. In conjunction with the horizontal guide groove 1009 (and the limiting plate 1011) constraining the screw head, the screw is accurately moved along the horizontal guide groove 1009 to directly above the nail drop groove 1003.

[0088] The nail guard plate 1012 simultaneously switches from the "open state" (connecting groove 1013 aligned with nail drop groove 1003) to the "closed state" (sliding nail ramp 1014 aligned with nail drop groove 1003), sealing the bottom of nail drop groove 1003.

[0089] When the screw falls from above the nail drop groove 1003, the gravity impact caused by the height difference dislodges some of the attached impurities. When the screw stops on the sliding nail slope 1014, the external air extraction device applies a vacuum negative pressure to the inside of the nail drop groove 1003 through the first air pipe joint 1005 to suck up the residual dust and debris (the impurities can be discharged through the chip discharge groove 1006), completing the dual cleaning of "gravity dislodgement + negative pressure adsorption". When the locking end issues a screw supply request, the first drive cylinder 1016 drives the connecting column 1015 to reset: the moving plate 1008 returns to the first working state (the first end of the horizontal guide groove 1009 is re-aligned with the screw-moving groove 1004, ready to receive the next screw), and the screw-stopping plate 1012 switches to the "open state" (the connecting groove 1013 is aligned with the screw-dropping groove 1003); at the same time, the external air supply device blows air into the screw supply pipe 1002 through the second air pipe connector 1025, and the screw is quickly transported to the locking end through the screw supply pipe 1002 under the combined action of airflow and gravity, completing one feeding cycle.

[0090] During the repeated operation of the above process of cyclic feeding and continuous chip removal, the chip collection box 2003 of the screw hopper 2001 continuously collects the chips discharged from the hopper. The vibrating feeding unit and the screw-separating mechanism operate synchronously to achieve uninterrupted and highly clean screw feeding. This invention, through structural innovation and functional integration of the screw-separating mechanism and screw feeder, effectively solves the shortcomings of existing screw feeding equipment, such as reliance on external modules for cleaning, low operational coordination, and insufficient feeding efficiency. Specific beneficial effects are as follows:

[0091] This invention achieves a closed-loop cleaning system through "source chip removal and deep cleaning of the screw splitting end": the screw hopper 2001 has a chip removal hole 2002 and a debris collection box 2003 at the bottom to achieve initial chip removal during screw storage; at the screw dropping groove 1003 of the screw splitting mechanism 100, a dual cleaning design of "gravity vibration to remove impurities when the screw falls + vacuum negative pressure adsorption of residual debris by the first air pipe connector 1005" is used, which can achieve a screw cleanliness of over 99.5% without the need for additional independent cleaning modules, avoiding impurities from affecting the subsequent fastening accuracy, while simplifying the equipment structure, saving installation space, and adapting to the stringent requirements of screw cleanliness in the 3C and semiconductor industries.

[0092] The screw-separating mechanism 100, characterized by strong coordination of actions and improved precision and feeding efficiency, adopts a synchronous drive structure of "single first drive cylinder 1016 and connecting column 1015". It can simultaneously drive the moving plate 1008 (sliding along the first slide groove 1017) and the stop plate 1012 (sliding along the second slide groove 1018), avoiding the timing misalignment caused by the traditional "multi-drive independent control" (such as the stop plate opening before the screw is in place). The screw-separating positioning error is low. The stepped feeding unit of the screw feeding device 200 drives the guide plate to periodically rise and fall through the second drive cylinder 2010, realizing orderly screw feeding. Combined with the directional conveying of the vibrating feeding unit, the feeding efficiency is high and can meet the high-speed fastening requirements of multi-axis screw machines.

[0093] With a high degree of automation, it achieves uninterrupted continuous feeding and reduces manual intervention. From the initial chip removal to the step feeding, attitude adjustment, precise chip sorting, double cleaning, and on-demand feeding of screws after they are put into the screw hopper 2001, the entire process requires no manual intervention. Only the screws need to be replenished periodically and the chip collection box 2003 needs to be cleaned regularly to achieve 24-hour continuous feeding. The accurate detection of the sensing module (through-beam photoelectric switch sensor) and the automatic response of the drive unit avoid the problems of "missed feeding" and "incorrect feeding" caused by manual feeding. The feeding stability is high and the labor cost is greatly reduced.

[0094] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A screw splitting mechanism, characterized in that: The device includes a mounting base, a material transfer assembly, a cleaning assembly, and a nail supply tube. The mounting base is provided with a nail dropping groove and a nail moving groove. The nail dropping groove extends vertically through the mounting base. The nail moving groove is located on the upper part of the mounting base and is connected to the nail dropping groove. In the working state, the nail moving groove is aligned with the screw output end of the external nail supply device. The transfer assembly includes a screw-moving unit, a screw-stopping unit, and a drive unit connected to the screw-moving unit and the screw-stopping unit. The screw-moving unit is installed above the mounting base and is used to move the screw located at the output end of the external screw-feeding device horizontally through the screw-moving slot into the area above the screw-dropping slot under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw falls through the screw-dropping slot to the bottom of the mounting base. The screw-stopping unit is installed below the mounting base and is used to open and close the bottom of the screw-dropping slot as needed under the drive of the drive unit, so that the screw can remain at the bottom of the screw-dropping slot when the screw-stopping unit is closed, and can fall from below the mounting base through the screw-dropping slot when the screw-stopping unit is open. The cleaning component includes a first air pipe connector; one end of the first air pipe connector is connected to the bottom of the nail slot, and the other end is connected to an external air extraction device so that when the screw is at the bottom of the nail slot, a vacuum negative pressure is applied to the nail slot to suck up dust and debris from the hole. The screw supply tube is installed below the mounting base and aligned with the screw drop groove so that when the screw stop unit opens the screw drop groove, the screw falls into the screw supply tube through the screw drop groove.

2. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nail-moving unit includes a fixed plate and a movable plate. The fixed plate is installed on the upper part of the mounting base, and a horizontal guide groove is provided in the fixed plate. The two ends of the horizontal guide groove are respectively located above the feeding end of the nail-moving groove and the nail-dropping groove. The movable plate is installed between the fixed plate and the mounting base, and an inclined guide groove is provided in the movable plate. The driving unit is connected to the movable plate and is used to drive the movable plate to slide horizontally on the upper part of the mounting base, so that the movable plate has a first working state and a second working state. In the first working state, the first end of the horizontal guide groove, the first end of the inclined guide groove, and the opening of the nail-moving groove are vertically aligned. In the second working state, the second end of the horizontal guide groove, the second end of the inclined guide groove, and the opening of the nail-dropping groove are vertically aligned.

3. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pin-stopping unit includes a pin-stopping plate; the pin-stopping plate is slidably mounted on the bottom of the mounting base, and the pin-stopping plate has a connecting groove and a sliding pin ramp; the driving unit is connected to the pin-stopping plate and is used to drive the pin-stopping plate to slide along the mounting base, so that when the pin-stopping plate is in the open state, the connecting groove is aligned with the pin-dropping groove, and when the pin-stopping plate is in the closed state, the sliding pin ramp is aligned with the pin-dropping groove.

4. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The drive unit includes a connecting column and a first drive cylinder; the connecting column is installed in the mounting base and connected to the moving plate and the stop plate; the first drive cylinder is connected to the connecting column and is used to drive the connecting column to move along the mounting base, thereby synchronously driving the moving plate and the stop plate to move along the mounting base.

5. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screw-moving unit also includes a sensing module for monitoring whether the screw has entered the first end of the horizontal guide groove.

6. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The nail-moving unit also includes a gathering block; the gathering block is installed in the nail-moving groove and connected to the moving plate.

7. The screw splitting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an air blowing assembly; the air blowing assembly includes a second air pipe connector; the second air pipe connector is installed at the bottom of the mounting base, and the air outlet of the second air pipe connector is connected to the upper end of the nail supply tube for blowing air into the nail supply tube.

8. A screw feeder, characterized in that: The screw feeder includes a screw splitting mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and a screw feeding device for docking with the screw splitting mechanism and for providing screws to the screw splitting mechanism.

9. A screw feeder according to claim 8, characterized in that: The screw feeding device includes a screw hopper and a feeding assembly whose output end is aligned with the port of the screw transfer slot, for feeding screws located in the screw hopper toward the port of the screw transfer slot.

10. A screw feeder according to claim 9, characterized in that: The feeding assembly includes a vibratory feeding unit whose output end is aligned with the opening of the screw transfer slot for feeding screws toward the opening of the screw transfer slot, and a stepped feeding unit installed in the screw hopper for feeding screws located in the screw hopper to the vibratory feeding unit.

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