Power system carbon emission flow calculation method and system, electronic equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a power system carbon emission flow calculation method and system, electronic equipment and a medium, and relates to the technical field of power system carbon emission flow calculation. The method comprises the following steps: calculating an extended incidence matrix according to active power transmitted by each branch, power injected to a corresponding node by an upstream node of each node and power injected to a generator set at each node; determining a unit power injection distribution matrix of the power generation side of the power system, the carbon emission intensity of each generator set and a unit injection carbon flow rate matrix according to the generator set injection power at each node; determining a system load distribution matrix according to the active power of the load at each node; and calculating the carbon emission flow of the power system according to the matrix, the active power flowing through the nodes, the carbon emission intensity and the active power flowing through each branch. According to the invention, the accuracy of the calculation result of the carbon emission flow of the power system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system carbon emission flow calculation technology, and in particular to a method, system, electronic device and medium for calculating power system carbon emission flow. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the calculation of carbon emission flow (CEF) in power systems mainly uses macroscopic statistical methods and carbon flow analysis methods. However, existing technologies do not extend the responsibility for carbon emissions in power systems from the generation side to the load side and the line side, or do not consider the impact of active power losses on carbon flow distribution, resulting in inaccurate calculation results for carbon emission flow in power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method, system, electronic device, and medium for calculating carbon emission flows in power systems, which can improve the accuracy of the calculation results.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution:

[0005] A method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system, comprising:

[0006] The active power flowing through each branch of the power system, the active power of the load at each node, the load demand at each node, and the network topology parameters of each branch are obtained; the network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output, and load demand.

[0007] Based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch, power flow calculations are performed to obtain the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted by each branch, and the power injected by the upstream node of each node into the corresponding node.

[0008] The extended correlation matrix is ​​calculated based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator set at each node.

[0009] The generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system is determined based on the generator injection power at each node.

[0010] The system load distribution matrix is ​​determined based on the active power of the load at each node;

[0011] The carbon emission intensity of the generator set at each node is obtained based on the injected power of the generator set at each node.

[0012] The unit injection carbon flow rate matrix is ​​obtained based on the generator unit injection power and the generator unit carbon emission intensity at each node;

[0013] The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix; the load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system.

[0014] For any branch, the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of the branch are calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generating units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch.

[0015] For any given node, the carbon potential of the node is calculated based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node; the target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

[0016] Optionally, an extended correlation matrix is ​​calculated based on the active power transmitted in each branch, the power injected from the upstream nodes to the corresponding nodes, and the power injected by the generator sets at each node. Specifically:

[0017] According to the formula Calculate the extended incidence matrix, where E represents the extended incidence matrix, e ij This represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the extended correlation matrix, where n represents the total number of nodes in the power system; Let P be the set of upstream nodes of node i. ki P represents the power injected by upstream node k into node i. ij P represents the active power transmitted in the branch consisting of nodes i and j. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

[0018] Optionally, the generator power injection distribution matrix on the generation side of the power system is determined based on the generator unit injection power at each node, specifically including:

[0019] According to the formula Calculate the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system generation side, where (P gg ) ij P represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system's generation side. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

[0020] Optionally, the system load distribution matrix can be determined based on the active power of the load at each node, specifically including:

[0021] According to the formula Calculate the system load distribution matrix, where (P ll ) ijRepresents the system load distribution matrix P ll The element in the i-th row and j-th column, P Li This represents the active power of the load at node i.

[0022] Optionally, the carbon emission intensity of the generator sets at each node can be obtained based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node, specifically as follows:

[0023] The amount of coal consumed by the generator set at each node when producing a unit of electricity is calculated based on the injected power of the generator set at each node.

[0024] The carbon emission intensity of the generator sets at each node is obtained by calculating the amount of coal consumed per unit of electricity generated by the generator sets at each node.

[0025] Optionally, a load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix. This load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system, specifically including:

[0026] According to formula R L =P ll (E -1 ) T R G Calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix, where R L R represents the load carbon flow rate matrix. G P represents the carbon injection rate matrix of the unit. ll Let E represent the system load distribution matrix, and let E represent the extended correlation matrix.

[0027] Optionally, the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of the branch are calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix, extended correlation matrix, carbon emission intensity of generators at each node, and active power flowing through the branch on the power generation side of the power system. Specifically, this includes:

[0028] The carbon flow rate of the branch is calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generating units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch.

[0029] The carbon flux density of the branch is calculated based on the carbon flux rate of the branch and the active power flowing through the branch.

[0030] A power system carbon emission flow calculation system, comprising:

[0031] The acquisition module is used to acquire the active power flowing through each branch in the power system, the active power of the load at each node, the load demand at each node, and the network topology parameters of each branch; the network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output, and load demand.

[0032] The power flow calculation module is used to perform power flow calculations based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch to obtain the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted by each branch, and the power injected by the upstream node of each node into the corresponding node.

[0033] The extended correlation matrix calculation module is used to calculate the extended correlation matrix based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator set at each node.

[0034] The generator power injection distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system based on the generator power injected at each node.

[0035] The system load distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the system load distribution matrix based on the active power of the load at each node.

[0036] The carbon emission intensity calculation module for generator sets is used to obtain the carbon emission intensity of generator sets at each node based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node.

[0037] The unit injection carbon flow rate matrix calculation module is used to obtain the unit injection carbon flow rate matrix based on the generator injection power at each node and the carbon emission intensity of the generator at each node.

[0038] The load carbon flow rate calculation module is used to calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix. The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system.

[0039] The carbon flow rate and carbon flow density calculation module is used to calculate the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of any branch based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generator units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generator units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch.

[0040] The carbon potential calculation module is used to calculate the carbon potential of any node based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node; the target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

[0041] An electronic device, comprising:

[0042] A memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program and the processor runs the computer program to enable the electronic device to perform the power system carbon emission flow calculation method described above.

[0043] A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system.

[0044] According to specific embodiments provided by the present invention, the present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0045] This invention calculates the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted through each branch, and the power injected from upstream nodes to the corresponding node based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch. It then calculates an extended correlation matrix based on the active power transmitted through each branch, the power injected from upstream nodes to the corresponding node, and the generator injection power at each node. Finally, it determines the generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system based on the generator injection power at each node; it determines the system load distribution matrix based on the active power of the load at each node; it obtains the carbon emission intensity of the generators at each node based on the generator injection power at each node; and it calculates the extended correlation matrix based on the active power transmitted through each branch, the power injected from upstream nodes to the corresponding node, and the generator injection power at each node. The carbon emission intensity of the generator units is used to obtain the unit-injected carbon flow rate matrix. The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, system load distribution matrix, and unit-injected carbon flow rate matrix, whereby the load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system. For any branch, the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of the branch are calculated based on the unit power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generator units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch. For any node, the carbon potential of the node is calculated based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node. By performing power flow tracking on the power generation side and load side through the extended correlation matrix, the accuracy of the power system carbon emission flow calculation results can be improved. Attached Figure Description

[0046] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0047] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 A detailed step diagram illustrating the method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0049] Figure 3The carbon flow distribution map of 14 nodes is obtained by using the power system carbon emission flow calculation method provided in the embodiments of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] This invention proposes a method for calculating carbon emission flows in power systems, which can achieve accurate calculation and allocation of carbon emission flows in power systems, and widely promote the development of low-carbon electricity, low-carbon technologies, and improve the accuracy of carbon emission calculations. Figure 1 As shown, the method for calculating carbon emission flows in the power system includes:

[0053] Step 101: Obtain the active power P flowing through each branch in the power system. s-t The active power P of the load at each node Lj The load requirements of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch; the network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output and load requirements.

[0054] Step 102: Calculate the active power P flowing through each node based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch. t The generator injection power P at each node Gi The active power P transmitted by each branch ij and the power P injected by the upstream nodes of each node into the corresponding nodes. ki .

[0055] Step 103: Based on the active power P transmitted by each branch... ij The power P injected by the upstream node into the corresponding node. ki and the generator injection power P at each node Gi Calculate the extended correlation matrix.

[0056] Step 104: Based on the generator injection power P at each node Gi Determine the power injection distribution matrix P of the generating units on the power system generation side. gg .

[0057] Step 105: Based on the active power P of the load at each nodeLj Determine the system load distribution matrix P 11 .

[0058] Step 106: Based on the generator injection power P at each node Gi The carbon emission intensity E of the generator sets at each node is obtained. Gi .

[0059] Step 107: Based on the generator injection power P at each node Gi and the carbon emission intensity E of the generator sets at each node Gi The carbon injection rate matrix R of the unit is obtained. G .

[0060] Step 108: Based on the extended correlation matrix E and the system load distribution matrix P ll And the carbon flow rate matrix R of the unit injection G Calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix R L The load carbon flow rate matrix R L It consists of the load carbon flow rate of each node in the power system.

[0061] Step 109: For any branch, according to the power injection distribution matrix P of the generating units on the power system generation side... gg Extended correlation matrix, carbon emission intensity E of generator sets at each node. Gi and the active power P flowing through the branch s-t Calculate the carbon flow rate R of the branch. s-t and the carbon flux density ρ of the branch s-t .

[0062] Step 110: For any node, based on the carbon flow rate R of the target branch s-t and the active power P flowing through the node t Calculate the carbon potential E of the node. Nt The target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node itself; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

[0063] In practical applications, the extended correlation matrix is ​​calculated based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator sets at each node. Specifically:

[0064] According to the formula Calculate the extended incidence matrix, where E represents the extended incidence matrix, e ij This represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the extended correlation matrix, where n represents the total number of nodes in the power system; Let P be the set of upstream nodes of node i. kiP represents the power injected by upstream node k into node i. ij P represents the active power transmitted in the branch consisting of nodes i and j. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

[0065] In practical applications, the generator power injection distribution matrix on the generation side of the power system is determined based on the generator injection power at each node, specifically including:

[0066] According to the formula Calculate the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system generation side, where (P gg ) ij P represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system's generation side. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

[0067] In practical applications, the system load distribution matrix is ​​determined based on the active power of the load at each node, specifically including:

[0068] According to the formula Calculate the system load distribution matrix, where (P ll ) ij Represents the system load distribution matrix P ll The element in the i-th row and j-th column, P Li This represents the active power of the load at node i.

[0069] In practical applications, the carbon emission intensity of the generator sets at each node is obtained based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node, specifically:

[0070] Based on the generator set injection power P at each node Gi Calculate the amount of coal consumed ω when the generator set at each node produces a unit of electrical energy. i .

[0071] The amount of coal consumed per unit hour of electricity generated by the generator sets at each node (ω) i The carbon emission intensity E of the generator sets at each node is obtained. Gi .

[0072] In practical applications, the load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix. This load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system, specifically including:

[0073] According to formula R L =P ll (E -1 ) T R GCalculate the load carbon flow rate matrix, where R L R represents the load carbon flow rate matrix. G P represents the carbon injection rate matrix of the unit. ll Let E represent the system load distribution matrix, and let E represent the extended correlation matrix.

[0074] In practical applications, the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of a branch are calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix and extended correlation matrix of the generating units on the power system's generation side, the carbon emission intensity of the generating units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch. Specifically, this includes:

[0075] According to the power injection distribution matrix P of the generating units on the power system generation side gg Extended correlation matrix E, carbon emission intensity of generator sets at each node E Gi and the active power P flowing through the branch s-t Calculate the carbon flow rate R of the branch. s-t .

[0076] According to the carbon flow rate R of the branch s-t and the active power P flowing through the branch s-t Calculate the carbon flux density ρ of the branch. s-t .

[0077] This invention provides a more specific embodiment that details the method provided in the above embodiments. This embodiment offers a method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system, comprising network equivalent processing, EIM construction, and the establishment of a CEF calculation model. This invention employs precise power flow calculation and lossless network equivalent transformation. By constructing an extended incidence matrix (EIM), it performs power flow tracking on both the generation and load sides, and combines this with a real-time carbon emission intensity model of the generating units to complete the calculation of the power system carbon emission flow distribution including network losses. Based on the carbon flow calculation model including network losses, source tracing analysis of power system carbon emissions is added, constructing a carbon emission calculation model for power grid carbon emission calculation and source tracing analysis. For target network power flow tracking, power transmission distribution factors and load absorption distribution factors are defined respectively. The characteristics and properties of EIM are constructed and utilized to track the power allocated from generating units to loads and branches from the generation side, and reverse power flow is used to obtain the load's absorbed power from the load side. For the real-time carbon emission intensity of the generating units, the real-time emission status of the units is determined from their unit output coal consumption, coal consumption characteristic parameters, etc. Finally, by combining forward and reverse power flow tracking with the real-time carbon emission intensity of generating units, accurate calculations of carbon emission flows were achieved from the perspectives of carbon flow distribution, total carbon emissions, and carbon emission source tracing analysis. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the specific steps are as follows:

[0078] Step 1: Precise power flow calculation and equivalent lossless network conversion:

[0079] Select the system and obtain the load demand of each node and the relevant network topology parameters (reactance, admittance, generator output, and load demand) of the lines (branches). Use the MATPOWER toolbox to perform accurate power flow calculations on the collected parameters to obtain the required power flow index variables, such as the active power output P of the generators. Gi (P Gi The power injected into the system at any node where a generator unit is located after power flow calculation, and the active power P transmitted on the branch. ij (i and j represent any two nodes in the system) and network losses on branches, etc. The active and reactive power losses caused by transmission line resistance, reactance, and capacitance are shifted to the ends of the line and modeled as "equivalent loads". The power flow direction is constant, and the system is equivalent to a lossless power network (LPN).

[0080] Step 2: Establish a power flow tracking model. Based on the accurate power flow calculation results, establish an extended incidence matrix (EIM). Use the EIM to realize the allocation of power from the generation side to the load side and the grid side, and the power drawn by the load from the generation side.

[0081] Step 2.1: EIM is commonly used to characterize the relationships between nodes and branches in a power system. Using extended correlation matrix theory for power system power flow tracing, for a network with a known power flow distribution, EIM is an n-order matrix, where E = (e... ij ) n×n Representation. For any nodes i and j, the elements of EIM are defined as:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] In the formula: n is the number of nodes; It is the set of upstream nodes of node i (P) ki >0); e ij P is the element in the i-th row and j-th column of EIM; ij The active power transmitted in branch ij (the branch consisting of nodes i and j). When i = j, e ij =e ii This represents the total injected active power at node i, including the power P injected from the upstream branch of node i. ki The generator injection power P at node i Gi If i ≠ j, then e ijLet e ​​represent the negative value of the active power flowing through any branch ij; otherwise, e ij =0, where P ki P Gi and P ij All can be obtained from power flow calculations. The EIM (Equivalent Inductively Coupled Model) presents the power distribution of nodes and branches in the equivalent lossless network as an asymmetric matrix. The EIM possesses a series of characteristics and properties, and can be extended to networks with arbitrary nodes: ① The sum of all elements in each column of the EIM equals the unit injected power vector P. G , with Eξ=P L It means; ② The sum of all elements in each row is equal to the load power vector P. L , with ξ T E = (P G ) T It means that; ③ For any node n, there is always active power injection at each node, and the active power flowing through is always greater than 0. Therefore, EIM itself is an invertible matrix, F = E -1 Based on the above characteristics, a further variation of the formula can be obtained:

[0085] ξ=E -1 P L =(E T ) -1 P G

[0086] In the formula: ξ is an n-order unit column vector with all elements equal to 1; P L P is an nth-order load vector; G The nth-order active power vector injected into each node unit.

[0087] Step 2.2: Establish a power flow tracking model using EIM to determine the power allocated from the generation side to the load side. At this stage, introduce the power injection distribution matrix P of the generating units on the system's generation side. gg P gg =diag(P G1 ,P G2 ,…,P Gn Let be an n-order diagonal matrix, whose elements are defined as:

[0088]

[0089] In the formula: (P gg ) ij To introduce arbitrary elements in the power injection distribution matrix of the system's generator side, where i and j are arbitrary nodes of the system, when i = j, if there is unit injection at that node, the element here is represented by the unit injection power at that node; otherwise, it is represented by 0. P gg Satisfy P G =P ggThe equation relationship of ξ, combined with characteristic ①, yields the power transmission component between the generator and the load. This correlates the injected power on the generator side with the power demand on the load side, thus distributing the system's unit injected power "downwards."

[0090] P G =P gg E -1 P L

[0091] In the formula: P gg E -1 The power transfer factor distribution matrix of the system is used to describe the power transfer distribution of the generator, denoted as D = (d ij ) indicates that D = P gg E -1 .

[0092] This is used to calculate the power component P transmitted by the unit at node i to the load at node j. Gi,Lj For: P Gi,Lj =d ij P Lj The power of the load at node j (which can be directly measured) is the sum of the contribution components of all node units in the system, expressed as:

[0093]

[0094] In the formula: d ij The power transfer factor from node i to node j is given by the formula D = P. gg E -1 Calculated; P Lj n represents the active power of the load at node j; G The number of generating units indicates that the active power at load j is composed of the combined injection from multiple generating units. This formula allows us to track the active power component injected by each generating unit into load j.

[0095] Step 2.3: Establish a power flow tracking model using EIM to determine the power allocated from the generation side to the grid side. Select a branch st on the grid side, and let P be the active power transmitted from the unit at node i to branch st. Gi→s-t Indicated. Among them, branch st(P) s-t >0) and load P LsAll branches draw a certain amount of power from the same node, meaning they all represent the output power of the same node. The branches exhibit the same behavior as loads drawing power from generators. Therefore, the power transfer factor of any generator at node i to branch st is equal to the power transfer factor of that generator to node s. In engineering applications, it's not just about calculating the total amount; the total amount and its constituent components for any given node also play a role. Calculating these components clearly reveals the proportion of each generator unit, which can be used as a reference in subsequent power dispatching to help reduce carbon emissions. The component transferred from the generator at node i to branch st is: P Gi→s-t =d is P s-t The active power at branch st, i.e., the active power flowing through branch st (which can be directly measured), can be expressed as the sum of the contributions of each generator set, i.e.

[0096]

[0097] Step 2.4: Establish a power flow tracking model using EIM, showing the power drawn by the load side from the generation side. The system load distribution matrix P is introduced during the analysis. ll P ll =diag(P L1 P L2 … P Ln ), P ll For an n-order diagonal matrix, the element in the i-th row and j-th column is defined as:

[0098]

[0099] The load distribution matrix has similar characteristics to the unit injection distribution matrix. By analogy, a reverse power flow tracking model can be obtained between the load and the generator units at the node. This reverse power flow tracking model serves as a tool for subsequent analysis of load-side carbon flow rate. Through this tracking model, the component of carbon emissions from different generator units on the demand side can be determined, providing a reference for subsequent low-carbon dispatch. The expression is:

[0100] P L =P ll (E -1 ) T P G

[0101] In the formula: P ll (E -1 ) T The system's extract factor matrix is ​​M = (m st ) represents M, where s and t represent different nodes within the system, mst represents the element in the s-th row and t-th column of M, and M = P. ll (E -1 )T .

[0102] The power P drawn by the load at node j from the generator set at node i Lj,Gi For: P Lj,Gi =m ji P Gi .

[0103] The load at node j is composed of the combined injection from the generator sets of all other nodes, i.e.

[0104]

[0105] Step 3: Establish a carbon emission flow calculation model. Based on the completed power flow tracking, realize real-time carbon emission modeling of the unit and use the extended correlation matrix to calculate the carbon emission flow of the system and conduct source tracing analysis.

[0106] Step 3.1: Establish a real-time carbon emission model for the unit. The carbon emissions of the system are usually generated by thermal power units, and the carbon emission intensity of thermal power units is affected by many factors. The real-time carbon emission intensity of the unit is calculated based on parameters such as the unit's coal combustion characteristics and the unit's coal consumption per kilowatt-hour at different times.

[0107] The formula for the amount of coal consumed by a computer group when producing a unit of electrical energy is:

[0108]

[0109] In the formula: a i b i c i These are the characteristic parameters of coal consumption per unit of electricity produced by unit i during normal operation; ω i The unit's coal consumption per kilowatt-hour; ζ i The correction factor is set to 1 during normal operation, 0 during shutdown, and 1.01 during deep peak shaving and rapid load increases / decreases. The carbon emission intensity of the coal-fired unit, i.e., the real-time carbon emission model of the unit, is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] In the formula: E Gi M represents the carbon emission intensity of the generator set at node i. C and The molar masses of carbon and carbon dioxide are respectively; η i ψ represents the carbon content of the coal. i The carbon oxidation rate of coal combustion is typically taken as 98%; μ i This refers to the carbon capture rate of thermal power plants.

[0112] Step 3.2: Implement carbon emission flow modeling and calculation for the power system, and calculate carbon emission flow indicators based on the carbon emission intensity of the generating units. These indicators include load carbon flow rate, branch carbon flow rate, node carbon potential, and branch carbon flow density. Specifically, the load carbon flow rate is calculated as follows:

[0113] Combining the load flow tracking in step 2.4 and the real-time carbon emission intensity of the units in step 3.1, the load carbon flow rate is calculated using node j as an example:

[0114]

[0115] Extending the above formula to the entire system, calculate the load carbon flow rate of all nodes in the system and rewrite it in matrix form:

[0116] R L =MR G →R L =P ll (E -1 ) T R G

[0117] In the formula: R Lj R is the carbon flow rate of the load at node j; M is the system's extractive factor distribution matrix; R G Inject carbon flow rate matrix into the unit, R G =[P G1 E G1 P G2 E G2 … P Gn E Gn ] T .

[0118] The carbon flow rate R of unit i at node j Lj,Gi for:

[0119] R Lj,Gi =P Lj,Gi E Gi .

[0120] Step 3.3: Implement carbon emission flow modeling and calculation for the power system, and calculate the carbon flow rate of branches.

[0121] Combining the branch flow tracking in step 2.3 with the real-time carbon emission intensity of the unit in step 3.1, the branch carbon flow rate R is calculated using branch st as an example. s-t :

[0122]

[0123] Extend the above formula to the entire system and rewrite it in matrix form R. s-t It can also be expressed as:

[0124]

[0125] In the formula: E is a column vector where the s-th element is 1 and all other elements are 0. G The unit is tCo2 / MWh; E G =[E G1 E G2 … E Gn ] T E is the unit carbon emission intensity vector of the system. If there are no units at a node, then E Gi =0; d is P is the power transfer factor from unit i to node s; s-t This represents the active power flowing through branch st in the LPN.

[0126] The contribution R of the generator set at node i to the carbon flow rate of branch st st,Gi for:

[0127] R st,Gi =d is P s-t E Gi .

[0128] Step 3.4: Implement carbon emission flow modeling and calculation for the power system, and calculate branch carbon flow density. Based on the branch carbon flow rate obtained in Step 3.3, the branch carbon flow density (unit: tCo2 / MWh) is the ratio of the branch carbon flow rate to the corresponding branch active power. The carbon flow density of any branch is equal to the carbon potential at its originating node; therefore, the carbon flow density of branch st is:

[0129] ρ s-t =R s-t / P s-t .

[0130] Step 3.5: Implement carbon emission flow modeling and calculation for the power system, and calculate the nodal carbon potential. Based on the definition in Step 3.3, the nodal carbon potential is equivalent to the carbon emissions generated on the generation side per unit of electricity consumed at a node. The significance of the nodal carbon potential lies in representing the carbon emission flow intensity at the generation end corresponding to the electricity consumption of a part that cannot be represented by a branch, thus facilitating the calculation of carbon emission consumption at that point. The unit is tCo2 / MWh. Taking node t as an example, the carbon potential of node t can be expressed as:

[0131]

[0132] In the formula: E Nt Let E be the carbon potential at node t. The carbon potential at each node of the system can be expressed as E. N =[E N1 E N2 …ENn] T;s∈t u P represents the set of all upstream nodes of node t, where node s is the set of all upstream nodes of node t. t This represents the active power flowing through system node t, obtained through power flow calculation.

[0133] Step 3.6: Implement carbon emission flow modeling and calculation for the power system, and calculate the carbon flow rate of network loss.

[0134] Based on existing methods for analyzing equivalent lossless networks, calculate the equivalent load in the equivalent lossless network. Combining the carbon potential of each node obtained in step 3.5, and referring to the load carbon flow rate calculation formula in step 3.2, the total network loss carbon flow rate is calculated. for:

[0135]

[0136] The method for calculating carbon emission flows in power systems based on the extended correlation matrix can be performed sequentially according to steps 1, 2, and 3. The magnitude of carbon emissions in a power system is directly proportional to the magnitude of active power flow within the system. When the operating state of the power system, the system network structure, and the boundary conditions for calculation are all determined, power flow calculation can be performed to determine the power flow situation of each branch. When the nodal carbon potential of a node in the power system is determined, according to the properties of carbon emission flows, the carbon flow density of all branches with active power flow flowing out of that node is equal to the nodal carbon potential of that node. When the nodal carbon potentials used in the system can be calculated, the carbon flow rate of all branches can be obtained by combining the carbon potential of the starting node with the branch power flow. From this, the carbon flow and carbon flux data of each branch in the system can be further calculated.

[0137] This invention also provides an embodiment in which the power system carbon emission flow calculation method of this invention was tested on publicly available IEEE case data, while comparing it with other carbon emission flow calculation methods: traditional carbon emission flow calculation and analysis methods. The same IEEE case data was used for all these methods in the comparison. When comparing with the method provided by this invention, it was found that, compared with the comparison calculation methods, this invention can fully consider the additional carbon emissions caused by network losses, and can achieve the same effect as the comparison methods even without considering network losses. This indicates that while verifying the correctness of the method, the addition of consideration for network losses makes it more in line with practical applications. Since nodal carbon potential is a key variable, the carbon emission flow calculation comparison using IEEE 14 nodes is shown in Table 1.

[0138] Table 1 Comparison of IEEE 14-node example results

[0139]

[0140] As shown in Table 1, the method provided by this invention can effectively calculate the carbon flux of the network. Under the same conditions, the calculated carbon potential shows that the node with the largest error differs from the other node by 0.095978 gCo2 / kWh, with an error rate of approximately 0.017582%. Based on this method, carbon flux distribution maps of 14 nodes are obtained, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, this also verifies the correctness of this carbon flow calculation method.

[0141] To address the above methods, embodiments of the present invention provide a power system carbon emission flow calculation system, comprising:

[0142] The acquisition module is used to acquire the active power flowing through each branch in the power system, the active power of the load at each node, the load demand at each node, and the network topology parameters of each branch; the network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output, and load demand.

[0143] The power flow calculation module is used to perform power flow calculations based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch to obtain the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted by each branch, and the power injected by the upstream node to the corresponding node.

[0144] The extended correlation matrix calculation module is used to calculate the extended correlation matrix based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator set at each node.

[0145] The generator power injection distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system based on the generator power injected at each node.

[0146] The system load distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the system load distribution matrix based on the active power of the load at each node.

[0147] The carbon emission intensity calculation module for generator sets is used to obtain the carbon emission intensity of generator sets at each node based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node.

[0148] The unit injection carbon flow rate matrix calculation module is used to obtain the unit injection carbon flow rate matrix based on the generator injection power and the carbon emission intensity of the generator at each node.

[0149] The load carbon flow rate calculation module is used to calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix. The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system.

[0150] The carbon flow rate and carbon flow density calculation module is used to calculate the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of any branch based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generator units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generator units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch.

[0151] The carbon potential calculation module is used to calculate the carbon potential of any node based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node; the target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

[0152] This invention provides an electronic device, comprising:

[0153] A memory and a processor, the memory being used to store a computer program, the processor running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the power system carbon emission flow calculation method according to the above embodiments.

[0154] This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the power system carbon emission flow calculation method described in the above embodiments.

[0155] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the systems disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the descriptions are relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0156] This document uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the active power flowing through each branch in the power system, the active power of the load at each node, the load demand at each node, and the network topology parameters of each branch. The network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output, and load demand; Based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch, power flow calculations are performed to obtain the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted by each branch, and the power injected by the upstream node of each node into the corresponding node. The extended correlation matrix is ​​calculated based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator set at each node. The generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system is determined based on the generator injection power at each node. The system load distribution matrix is ​​determined based on the active power of the load at each node; The carbon emission intensity of the generator set at each node is obtained based on the injected power of the generator set at each node. The unit injection carbon flow rate matrix is ​​obtained based on the generator unit injection power and the generator unit carbon emission intensity at each node; The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix; the load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system. For any branch, the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of the branch are calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generating units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch. For any given node, the carbon potential of the node is calculated based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node; the target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

2. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extended correlation matrix is ​​calculated based on the active power transmitted in each branch, the power injected from the upstream nodes to the corresponding nodes, and the power injected by the generator sets at each node. Specifically: According to the formula E=(e ij ) n×n , Calculate the extended incidence matrix, where E represents the extended incidence matrix, e ij This represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the extended correlation matrix, where n represents the total number of nodes in the power system; Let P be the set of upstream nodes of node i. ki P represents the power injected from upstream node k of node i into node i. ij P represents the active power transmitted in the branch consisting of nodes i and j. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

3. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generator power injection distribution matrix on the generation side of the power system is determined based on the generator unit injection power at each node, specifically including: According to the formula Calculate the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system generation side, where (P gg ) ij P represents the element in the i-th row and j-th column of the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power system's generation side. Gi This represents the generator injection power at node i.

4. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system load distribution matrix is ​​determined based on the active power of the load at each node, specifically including: According to the formula Among them, (P) ll ) ij Represents the system load distribution matrix P 11 The element in the i-th row and j-th column, P Li This represents the active power of the load at node i.

5. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon emission intensity of the generator sets at each node is obtained based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node, specifically: The amount of coal consumed by the generator set at each node when producing a unit of electricity is calculated based on the injected power of the generator set at each node. The carbon emission intensity of the generator sets at each node is obtained by calculating the amount of coal consumed per unit of electricity generated by the generator sets at each node.

6. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​calculated based on the extended correlation matrix, system load distribution matrix, and unit injected carbon flow rate matrix, specifically including: According to formula R L =P ll (E -1 ) T R G Calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix, where P L R represents the load carbon flow rate matrix. G P represents the carbon injection rate matrix of the unit. ll Let E represent the system load distribution matrix, and let E represent the extended correlation matrix.

7. The method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of the branch are calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix, extended correlation matrix, carbon emission intensity of generators at each node, and active power flowing through the branch on the power generation side of the power system. Specifically, this includes: The carbon flow rate of the branch is calculated based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generating units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generating units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch. The carbon flux density of the branch is calculated based on the carbon flux rate of the branch and the active power flowing through the branch.

8. A carbon emission flow calculation system for a power system, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the active power flowing through each branch in the power system, the active power of the load at each node, the load demand of each node, and the network topology parameters of each branch. The network topology parameters include: reactance, admittance, unit output, and load demand; The power flow calculation module is used to perform power flow calculations based on the load demand of each node and the network topology parameters of each branch to obtain the active power flowing through each node, the generator injection power at each node, the active power transmitted by each branch, and the power injected by the upstream node of each node into the corresponding node. The extended correlation matrix calculation module is used to calculate the extended correlation matrix based on the active power transmitted by each branch, the power injected from the upstream node to the corresponding node, and the power injected by the generator set at each node. The generator power injection distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the generator power injection distribution matrix on the power generation side of the power system based on the generator power injected at each node. The system load distribution matrix calculation module is used to determine the system load distribution matrix based on the active power of the load at each node. The carbon emission intensity calculation module for generator sets is used to obtain the carbon emission intensity of generator sets at each node based on the injected power of the generator sets at each node. The unit injection carbon flow rate matrix calculation module is used to obtain the unit injection carbon flow rate matrix based on the generator injection power at each node and the carbon emission intensity of the generator at each node. The load carbon flow rate calculation module is used to calculate the load carbon flow rate matrix based on the extended correlation matrix, the system load distribution matrix, and the unit injected carbon flow rate matrix. The load carbon flow rate matrix is ​​composed of the load carbon flow rates of each node in the power system. The carbon flow rate and carbon flow density calculation module is used to calculate the carbon flow rate and carbon flow density of any branch based on the power injection distribution matrix of the generator units on the power generation side of the power system, the extended correlation matrix, the carbon emission intensity of the generator units at each node, and the active power flowing through the branch. The carbon potential calculation module is used to calculate the carbon potential of any node based on the carbon flow rate of the target branch and the active power flowing through the node; the target branch includes all branches formed by each node in the target node set and the node; the target node set includes all nodes upstream of the node.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: A memory and a processor, the memory for storing a computer program, the processor for running the computer program to cause the electronic device to perform the power system carbon emission flow calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, It stores a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for calculating carbon emission flows in a power system as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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