Automatic telescopic photovoltaic greenhouse for culture pond and power control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of agricultural facilities and renewable energy sources, and discloses an automatic telescopic photovoltaic greenhouse for a culture pond and a power control system, and the photovoltaic greenhouse comprises a greenhouse frame module, a photovoltaic panel module, a temperature regulation and control module, a photovoltaic power generation module and a central regulation and control module. Telescopic movement of a photovoltaic panel is achieved through the shed frame module, the illumination angle is optimized in combination with the dip angle adjusting mechanism, the temperature sensor set and the ventilation control assembly are combined with the shed frame to drive the photovoltaic panel module to shield the water body area to change so as to achieve overall regulation and control of the water body temperature of the culture pond, and meanwhile output power is stabilized and electric energy is stored through the power management unit. And the central regulation and control module comprehensively analyzes the temperature and power data, generates a precise regulation and control instruction and realizes closed-loop regulation and control. Through the synergistic effect of the shed frame, the photovoltaic panel, the temperature regulation and control module, the power generation module and the central control module, intelligent regulation and energy self-sufficiency of the environment of the culture pond are achieved, the stability of the culture environment and the photovoltaic power generation efficiency are both considered, and therefore the ecological benefits and the energy utilization rate of the culture pond are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural facilities and comprehensive utilization of renewable energy, and more specifically, to an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse and power control system for aquaculture ponds. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of aquaculture, environmental control of aquaculture ponds such as fish ponds, crab ponds, and shrimp ponds plays an important role in the growth and survival rate of aquatic products.

[0003] Currently, existing greenhouse-style environmental control systems are only found in agricultural planting applications, where transparent and shading materials are used to effectively control light and temperature. These greenhouse structures are all fixed designs, only covering and storing the transparent and shading materials. However, in aquaculture, existing photovoltaic (PV) aquaculture facilities are underground fixed frames, primarily built for photovoltaic power generation, making it difficult to simultaneously address aquaculture effects. Once installed, these facilities are immobile, and the shading from the PV panels severely impacts daily feeding and harvesting activities. Furthermore, when ambient temperatures are low, the fixed PV panels' shading affects early seedling development, directly impacting aquaculture output. In addition, the output power of PV panels is significantly affected by the angle of sunlight and the degree of shading; therefore, balancing aquaculture output with the stability and efficiency of PV output becomes a critical issue.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse that can automatically expand and contract according to demand, taking into account both temperature control and photovoltaic power generation efficiency, so as to better serve the development needs of modern aquaculture. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse and power control system for aquaculture ponds, aiming to solve the problems of existing photovoltaic greenhouses lacking comprehensive adaptation to the overall ecological needs of aquaculture ponds, resulting in untimely environmental response, insufficient adjustment flexibility, and limited power generation stability.

[0006] This invention proposes an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, comprising: The shed module is erected above the aquaculture pond. The shed module is equipped with transverse slide rails and longitudinal slide rails, as well as a drive device that works with the transverse slide rails and longitudinal slide rails. A photovoltaic panel module is installed on a canopy module and connected to the canopy module. The photovoltaic panel module is provided with several photovoltaic panel units, and the photovoltaic panel units are connected to the horizontal slide rail and the vertical slide rail based on a hinge structure and tilt adjustment mechanism. The temperature control module, connected to the canopy module, includes a temperature sensor group and a ventilation control component. The temperature control module is configured to monitor the temperature inside the canopy module and is also configured to direct the temperature inside the canopy module to the outside of the canopy module. A photovoltaic power generation module is electrically connected to a photovoltaic panel module, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module is equipped with a power management unit and an energy storage device; The central control module is electrically connected to the shed module, photovoltaic panel module, temperature control module, and photovoltaic power generation module. The central control module is configured to control the shed module and temperature control module based on the temperature and power data obtained by the temperature control module and photovoltaic power generation module.

[0007] Furthermore, the central control module includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire temperature data collected by the temperature sensor group and power data output by the photovoltaic power generation module in real time. The model analysis unit is used to compare temperature data with a preset temperature range and generate temperature control commands, and at the same time compare power data with a preset power threshold and generate power optimization commands. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the extension position, tilt angle, and ventilation control component status of the photovoltaic panel module according to temperature control commands and power optimization commands.

[0008] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment method for the telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel based on temperature data, it includes: When the temperature exceeds the preset upper limit, the photovoltaic panel is extended outward along the slide rail to the corresponding position using the first expansion coefficient α1. When the temperature is lower than the preset lower limit, the first shrinkage coefficient α2 is selected to shrink the photovoltaic panel inward along the slide rail to the corresponding position; When the temperature is within the preset temperature range, the current telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel remains unchanged.

[0009] Furthermore, when primary control is required, the control unit records the difference between the preset temperature range and the measured temperature as the primary temperature difference, and determines the adjustment method for the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the primary temperature difference, including: When the temperature difference at the first level is greater than or equal to the preset first level difference threshold, the first tilt angle adjustment coefficient β1 is used to linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value. When the temperature difference of the first stage is less than the preset first stage difference threshold, the second tilt angle adjustment coefficient β2 is used to nonlinearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value.

[0010] Furthermore, after determining the target tilt angle value for the photovoltaic panel, the adjustment unit enters the secondary judgment process. The difference between the target tilt angle value and the maximum tilt angle threshold of the photovoltaic panel is recorded as the secondary tilt angle difference. Based on the secondary tilt angle difference, the adjustment method for subsequent parameters is determined, including: When the difference in the secondary tilt angle is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel should be adjusted to the target tilt angle value. When the difference in the second-level tilt angle is less than zero, it is determined that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel should remain unchanged, and the ventilation status correction program is activated. The first ventilation adjustment coefficient γ1 is selected to adjust the opening of the ventilation control component to the corresponding value.

[0011] Furthermore, when the regulating unit determines that the aquaculture pond environment is unsuitable based on the photovoltaic panel output power data and temperature data, it includes: When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is higher than the preset upper temperature limit, the reason is determined to be that the photovoltaic panel is too blocked, and the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension and retraction position in the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific value of the photovoltaic panel's output power. When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, the reason is determined to be that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is improper, and the adjustment range of the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel in the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific temperature data. When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset power limit and the temperature is within the preset temperature range, the cause is determined to be a drastic change in the light angle. Based on the coupling relationship between the output power of the photovoltaic panel and the temperature data, the tilt angle and extension position of the photovoltaic panel in the next time period are corrected to the corresponding values.

[0012] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit determines the method for determining the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension / retraction position based on the photovoltaic panel's output power data, it includes: When the ratio of the output power of the photovoltaic panel to the preset lower limit of power is greater than or equal to the first preset ratio, the first expansion and contraction coefficient λ1 is selected to adjust the expansion and contraction position of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value. When the ratio of the output power of the photovoltaic panel to the preset lower power limit is less than the first preset ratio, the second expansion coefficient λ2 is used to adjust the expansion position of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value.

[0013] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit determines the method for determining the tilt angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel based on the difference between the temperature data and the preset temperature range, it includes: When the difference is greater than or equal to the preset temperature difference, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the corresponding value by selecting the first tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ1. When the difference is less than the preset temperature difference, the second tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ2 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value.

[0014] Furthermore, when the adjustment unit corrects the current tilt angle and telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel, it includes: A multivariate nonlinear regression model was established for photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data with tilt angle and expansion / contraction position, and the photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data were used as input variables to determine the target correction value; The difference vector between the target correction value and the current value is denoted as the correction vector, and the correction method is determined based on the magnitude of the correction vector, where: When the modulus is greater than or equal to the preset modulus threshold, the first correction matrix M1 is used to correct the current value; When the modulus is less than the preset modulus threshold, the second correction matrix M2 is used to correct the current value.

[0015] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: Firstly, by setting up a frame module, the photovoltaic panels can be flexibly extended and retracted, effectively blocking sunlight in high temperatures and retracting them promptly when low temperatures or heat dissipation are needed, avoiding the adverse effects of traditional fixed photovoltaic greenhouses on the aquaculture pond environment. Secondly, the tilt adjustment mechanism in the photovoltaic panel module can adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels in real time according to changes in the angle of sunlight, thereby improving the stability of the photovoltaic panel's output power. Furthermore, the temperature control module, through the synergistic effect of the temperature sensor group and ventilation control components, can flexibly regulate the internal temperature of the aquaculture pond under different environmental conditions, ensuring that the growth environment for aquatic products remains within a suitable range. Simultaneously, the power management unit and energy storage device of the photovoltaic power generation module can stabilize the output power of the photovoltaic panels and store excess electrical energy, providing a reliable guarantee for the power needs of the aquaculture pond. Finally, the central control module, through comprehensive analysis of temperature data and photovoltaic panel output power data, can generate precise control commands, achieving closed-loop control of the photovoltaic panel's extension and retraction position, tilt angle, and ventilation status, ensuring adaptive optimization and continuous improvement of the aquaculture pond environment, which helps to improve the stability of the aquaculture process and the survival rate of aquatic products.

[0016] On the other hand, this application also provides a power control system for an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, including: an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds according to the above embodiments, and a control panel for displaying the temperature of the aquaculture pond and the power output of the generator.

[0017] It is understood that the automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse and power control system for aquaculture ponds in the above embodiments have the same beneficial effects, and will not be described again. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the workflow of an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, provided as an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a structural block diagram of a power control system for an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse used in aquaculture ponds, as shown in an embodiment of the invention. Among them, 100 is the scaffolding module; 200 is the photovoltaic panel module; and 300 is the photovoltaic power generation module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] like Figures 1-3 As shown in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, including: a frame module 100, a photovoltaic panel module 200, a temperature control module, a photovoltaic power generation module 300, and a central control module.

[0021] Specifically, a frame module 100 is erected above the aquaculture pond. The frame module 100 is equipped with transverse and longitudinal slide rails, and a drive device that cooperates with the transverse and longitudinal slide rails. A photovoltaic panel module 200 is mounted on the frame module 100 and connected to it. The photovoltaic panel module 200 has several photovoltaic panel units, which are connected to the transverse and longitudinal slide rails based on a hinged structure and a tilt adjustment mechanism. A temperature control module is connected to the frame module 100 and includes a temperature sensor group and ventilation control components. The temperature control module is configured to control the temperature of the frame module. The internal temperature of module 100 is monitored, and the temperature control module is also configured to direct the internal temperature of the shed module 100 to the outside of the shed module 100; the photovoltaic power generation module 300 is electrically connected to the photovoltaic panel module 200, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module 300 is equipped with a power management unit and an energy storage device; the central control module is electrically connected to the shed module 100, the photovoltaic panel module 200, the temperature control module, and the photovoltaic power generation module 300, and the central control module is configured to control the shed module 100 and the temperature control module based on the temperature data and power data obtained by the temperature control module and the photovoltaic power generation module 300.

[0022] Understandably, the cooperation between the shed module 100 and the photovoltaic panel module 200 enables the photovoltaic panels to extend and retract horizontally and vertically, as well as adjust their angle. Specifically, the horizontal and vertical slide rails on the shed module 100 provide a supporting foundation for the multi-dimensional displacement of the photovoltaic panels. The photovoltaic panel units are mounted on the slide rails via a hinged structure and tilt adjustment mechanism, allowing for flexible expansion, contraction, and tilt adjustment according to changes in environmental conditions, thereby improving light utilization and providing shading. Simultaneously, the temperature control module monitors the internal environment of the shed in real time using a group of temperature sensors. When the temperature exceeds a threshold, it activates the ventilation control components to promptly remove heat from the shed or exchange it with external cold air, thus maintaining a stable temperature in the ecological environment above the aquaculture pond and preventing overheating from adversely affecting the water and aquatic organisms. In terms of energy management, the photovoltaic panel module 200 converts solar energy into electrical energy based on the photovoltaic effect. The resulting electrical energy is dispatched by the power management unit of the photovoltaic power generation module 300, and excess energy is stored in an energy storage device to ensure the continuity and reliability of the aquaculture pond's operation. As the core control unit, the central control module integrates temperature data from the temperature control module and power data from the photovoltaic power generation module 300. Based on data-driven logic control, it intelligently coordinates the extension and retraction of the frame, the angle adjustment of the photovoltaic panels, and ventilation control, thereby achieving adaptive adjustment to the environment and efficient energy management. Through the collaboration of these multiple modules, the photovoltaic greenhouse can balance the ecological needs of the aquaculture pond with the stable output of photovoltaic power generation, improving the overall system's environmental adaptability, adjustment flexibility, and operational reliability.

[0023] Specifically, the central control module includes: a data acquisition unit for acquiring temperature data collected by the temperature sensor group and power data output by the photovoltaic power generation module 300 in real time; a model analysis unit for comparing the temperature data with a preset temperature range and generating temperature control commands, and comparing the power data with a preset power threshold and generating power optimization commands; and an execution adjustment unit for adjusting the extension position, tilt angle, and ventilation control component status of the photovoltaic module 200 according to the temperature control commands and power optimization commands.

[0024] Understandably, intelligent control of the photovoltaic greenhouse's operation is achieved through the coordinated efforts of data acquisition, model analysis, and execution adjustment. First, the data acquisition unit obtains real-time temperature data from the temperature sensor array and power data from the photovoltaic power generation module 300, providing reliable raw information for subsequent environmental control and energy management. Then, the model analysis unit compares the acquired temperature data with a preset temperature range. When the temperature exceeds a reasonable range, it generates corresponding temperature control commands. Simultaneously, it compares the power data with a preset power threshold, generating power optimization commands in cases of insufficient or overloaded power. Finally, the execution adjustment unit adjusts the extension and tilt angles of the photovoltaic panel module 200 based on these two types of commands and regulates the opening and closing states of the ventilation control components, thereby maintaining a stable internal environment while improving photovoltaic power generation efficiency. Through this closed-loop control mechanism of "data-driven—model-judgment—execution adjustment," the central control module can achieve coordinated optimization of the photovoltaic greenhouse environment and energy, ensuring that the ecological needs of the aquaculture pond and the stability of the photovoltaic system's power generation are both taken into account.

[0025] Specifically, when the adjustment unit determines the adjustment method for the telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel based on the temperature data, it includes: when the temperature is higher than the preset upper temperature limit, using the first telescopic coefficient α1 to extend the photovoltaic panel outward along the slide rail to the corresponding position; when the temperature is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, using the first contraction coefficient α2 to contract the photovoltaic panel inward along the slide rail to the corresponding position; and when the temperature is within the preset temperature range, keeping the current telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel unchanged.

[0026] Specifically, when the adjustment unit needs to perform primary control, it records the difference between the preset temperature range and the measured temperature as the primary temperature difference, and determines the adjustment method for the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the primary temperature difference, including: when the primary temperature difference is greater than or equal to the preset primary temperature difference threshold, the first tilt angle adjustment coefficient β1 is used to linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value; when the primary temperature difference is less than the preset primary temperature difference threshold, the second tilt angle adjustment coefficient β2 is used to non-linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value.

[0027] Specifically, after determining the target tilt angle value for the photovoltaic panel, the execution adjustment unit enters the secondary judgment process. The difference between the target tilt angle value and the maximum tilt angle threshold of the photovoltaic panel is recorded as the secondary tilt angle difference. Based on the secondary tilt angle difference, the adjustment method of subsequent parameters is determined, including: when the secondary tilt angle difference is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value; when the secondary tilt angle difference is less than zero, it is determined to keep the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unchanged, and the ventilation status correction program is activated, using the first ventilation adjustment coefficient γ1 to adjust the opening of the ventilation control component to the corresponding value.

[0028] Specifically, when the adjustment unit determines that the aquaculture pond environment is unsuitable based on the photovoltaic panel output power data and temperature data, the following actions are taken: when the photovoltaic panel output power is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is higher than the preset upper temperature limit, the cause is determined to be excessive shading by the photovoltaic panel, and the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel extension position for the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific value of the photovoltaic panel output power; when the photovoltaic panel output power is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, the cause is determined to be improper tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel, and the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel tilt angle for the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific value of the temperature data; when the photovoltaic panel output power is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is within the preset temperature range, the cause is determined to be drastic change in the light angle, and the tilt angle and extension position of the photovoltaic panel for the next time period are corrected to the corresponding values ​​based on the coupling relationship between the photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data.

[0029] Specifically, when the adjustment unit determines the method for determining the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension position based on the photovoltaic panel's output power data, it includes: when the ratio of the photovoltaic panel's output power to the preset power lower limit is greater than or equal to the first preset ratio, using the first extension range coefficient λ1 to adjust the photovoltaic panel's extension position to the corresponding value; when the ratio of the photovoltaic panel's output power to the preset power lower limit is less than the first preset ratio, using the second extension range coefficient λ2 to adjust the photovoltaic panel's extension position to the corresponding value.

[0030] Specifically, when the adjustment unit determines the method for adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the difference between the temperature data and the preset temperature range, it includes: when the difference is greater than or equal to the preset temperature difference, using the first tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ1 to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value; when the difference is less than the preset temperature difference, using the second tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ2 to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value.

[0031] Specifically, when the adjustment unit corrects the current tilt angle and extension position of the photovoltaic panel, it includes: establishing a multivariate nonlinear regression model of the photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data with the tilt angle and extension position, and using the photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data as input variables to determine the target correction value; recording the difference vector between the target correction value and the current value as the correction vector, and determining the correction method according to the magnitude of the correction vector, wherein: when the magnitude is greater than or equal to a preset magnitude threshold, the first correction matrix M1 is used to correct the current value; when the magnitude is less than the preset magnitude threshold, the second correction matrix M2 is used to correct the current value.

[0032] Understandably, through the synergistic action of three functional units—data acquisition, model analysis, and execution adjustment—a closed-loop dynamic control mechanism is formed, thereby achieving dual optimization of environmental control and energy management in photovoltaic greenhouses. Its core idea is based on real-time data-driven mechanisms, using layered logical judgments and parameterized adjustment strategies to scientifically regulate the expansion and contraction positions, tilt angles, and ventilation control component status of the photovoltaic panels, ultimately ensuring the ecological stability of the aquaculture pond and the sustainability of photovoltaic power generation efficiency. First, in the data acquisition stage, the data acquisition unit receives real-time temperature data from the temperature sensor group and power data output from the photovoltaic power generation module 300. Temperature data reflects the thermal state of the greenhouse environment above the aquaculture pond, while power data reflects the light absorption efficiency and energy conversion level of the photovoltaic panels. Through continuous, real-time data acquisition, the central control module can quickly grasp the dynamic changes in the environment and energy, providing timely and accurate raw information for subsequent control. Second, in the model analysis stage, the analysis unit compares the temperature data with a preset temperature range to determine whether the current environment is within a reasonable range. When the temperature exceeds the upper limit, the system generates a temperature reduction control command; when the temperature falls below the lower limit, the system generates a temperature increase control command; when the temperature is within a reasonable range, the system maintains the current state. Simultaneously, power data is compared with a preset power threshold. If the power is below the threshold, the system determines there is a risk of insufficient power and generates a power optimization command. Through this analysis mechanism, the central control module can simultaneously consider environmental regulation and energy utilization, forming a dual feedback basis. In the execution adjustment stage, the system is designed with layered, multi-parameter adjustment logic to ensure the precision and adaptability of the control strategy. Firstly, in the photovoltaic panel expansion and contraction control, the execution adjustment unit, based on the comparison between the temperature and the preset temperature range, uses the first expansion coefficient α1 or the first contraction coefficient α2 to extend or contract the photovoltaic panel along the slide rail, thereby adjusting the temperature inside the canopy by changing the area of ​​shading or exposure. When the temperature is within a reasonable range, the photovoltaic panel maintains its current expansion and contraction state to avoid unnecessary energy consumption and mechanical wear. Secondly, regarding the tilt angle control of the photovoltaic panel, the execution adjustment unit employs a two-level control strategy: In the first-level control, the system calculates the difference between the measured temperature and the preset temperature range to obtain the first-level temperature difference value, and then compares it with the first-level difference threshold. When the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold, the photovoltaic panel is linearly increased in tilt angle using the first tilt angle adjustment coefficient β1 to ensure rapid adjustment; when the difference is less than the threshold, the second tilt angle adjustment coefficient β2 is used for nonlinear adjustment to achieve finer control. In the second-level control, the system further determines the difference between the target tilt angle and the maximum tilt angle threshold of the photovoltaic panel, i.e., the second-level tilt angle difference value. When the difference is greater than or equal to zero, the photovoltaic panel can be safely adjusted to the target tilt angle; when the difference is less than zero, it indicates that the tilt angle exceeds the limit, and the system will maintain the current angle unchanged and compensate by activating the first ventilation adjustment coefficient γ1 of the ventilation control component, thereby maintaining the stability of the internal environment while avoiding excessive mechanical load.Thirdly, in the power and temperature coupled judgment mechanism, the system locates the cause of environmental anomalies through combined analysis of power and temperature. For example, when the power is below the lower limit and the temperature is above the upper limit, it is determined that the photovoltaic panel is excessively shaded; when the power is below the lower limit and the temperature is below the lower limit, it is determined that the photovoltaic panel tilt angle is improper; and when the power is below the lower limit and the temperature is within a reasonable range, it is determined that the light angle changes drastically. Based on different causes, the system determines the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension or tilt angle in the next time period, thereby improving the stability of power output. In addition, the execution adjustment unit also introduces a control method based on amplitude coefficients. In extension amplitude control, when the ratio of the photovoltaic panel power to the preset lower limit power is greater than or equal to the first ratio threshold, the first extension amplitude coefficient λ1 is used for adjustment; when the ratio is less than the threshold, the second extension amplitude coefficient λ2 is used for a larger adjustment. In tilt angle amplitude control, when the temperature difference is greater than or equal to the preset temperature difference threshold, the first tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ1 is used for adjustment; when the difference is less than the threshold, the second tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ2 is used for a more flexible adjustment. Through this hierarchical amplitude control mechanism, the system can achieve differentiated adjustment under different operating conditions, ensuring both the sensitivity of regulation and avoiding over-adjustment. Finally, to enhance the overall intelligence and adaptability, the execution adjustment unit established a multivariate nonlinear regression model between photovoltaic panel output power, temperature data, and tilt angle and extension position. This model uses power and temperature as input variables and outputs target correction values ​​for photovoltaic panel tilt angle and extension position. The system compares this target value with the current actual value to obtain a difference vector and calculates the vector magnitude. When the magnitude is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the first correction matrix M1 is used for correction to ensure rapid adjustment of large deviations; when the magnitude is less than the threshold, the second correction matrix M2 is used for fine-tuning to avoid energy waste or structural fatigue caused by over-correction.

[0033] It can be seen that, through multi-layered logical judgment, coefficient-based adjustment strategies, and a correction mechanism based on a nonlinear regression model, the synergistic optimization of photovoltaic panel expansion and contraction, tilt angle, and ventilation component status is achieved. This technical principle not only ensures temperature stability in the environment above the aquaculture pond but also guarantees the high efficiency and stability of photovoltaic power generation, ultimately achieving a comprehensive goal that balances the needs of aquaculture ecology with energy utilization efficiency.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of this application, the above steps are implemented as follows: In a high-temperature region during summer, assume that an aquaculture pond uses the automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse system of this invention. When the sunlight is strong and the temperature is high during the day, the temperature sensor group detects that the temperature inside the pond exceeds the preset upper limit. The central control module generates a first expansion coefficient α1 and sends the command to the execution adjustment unit. The execution adjustment unit first starts the drive device, controlling the photovoltaic panel unit to extend outward along the horizontal and vertical slide rails to increase the shading area. At this time, the photovoltaic panel unit is connected to the slide rail through a hinge structure to ensure that it can move smoothly on the slide rail. At the same time, the electric push rod in the tilt adjustment mechanism starts to work, pushing the linkage assembly to drive the photovoltaic panel unit to rotate around the hinge point, adjusting its tilt angle to the target value, thereby blocking direct sunlight as much as possible. The ventilation control component opens a certain degree according to the ventilation status correction program, and the motor drives the vent to open, promoting air circulation inside the pond to accelerate heat dissipation. As the solar altitude angle changes, the tilt adjustment mechanism 7 continuously adjusts the posture of the photovoltaic panel unit to ensure that it is always in the best light-receiving state and maintains a high output power. In low-temperature winter conditions, the temperature sensor array detects that the internal temperature of the aquaculture pond is below the preset lower limit. The central control module generates a first contraction coefficient α2 and sends a command to the execution control unit. The execution control unit controls the photovoltaic panel unit to retract inward along the slide rail, reducing the shading area to allow more sunlight to enter the aquaculture pond. Simultaneously, the tilt adjustment mechanism adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit to a smaller value to maximize the use of limited sunlight resources. If the output power of the photovoltaic panel is still below the preset lower limit, the execution control unit will further adjust the extension / retraction position and tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit based on temperature data until the system requirements are met. Under primary control conditions, i.e., when the temperature exceeds the preset temperature range but the output power of the photovoltaic panel is still greater than or equal to the second preset power threshold, the execution control unit determines the tilt angle adjustment method of the photovoltaic panel unit based on the primary temperature difference. When the primary temperature difference is greater than or equal to the preset primary difference threshold, the execution control unit uses the first tilt angle adjustment coefficient β1 to linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit to the target value; when the primary temperature difference is less than the preset primary difference threshold, the second tilt angle adjustment coefficient β2 is used to non-linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit to the target value. This segmented adjustment method can more accurately match actual environmental needs and avoid resource waste caused by over-adjustment. In the secondary judgment process, the execution adjustment unit further calculates the difference between the target tilt angle value and the maximum tilt angle threshold of the photovoltaic panel, i.e., the secondary tilt angle difference. If the secondary tilt angle difference is greater than or equal to zero, the execution adjustment unit directly adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit to the target value; if the secondary tilt angle difference is less than zero, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel unit remains unchanged, and the ventilation status correction procedure is activated. At this time, the execution adjustment unit selects the first ventilation adjustment coefficient γ1 to adjust the opening of the ventilation control component to the corresponding value, so as to compensate for the deficiency of tilt angle adjustment by enhancing air circulation.When the photovoltaic (PV) panel's output power falls below a preset lower power limit, the adjustment unit combines temperature data to determine the cause and takes corresponding measures. For example, if the PV panel's output power is low and the temperature is above a preset upper temperature limit, the adjustment unit determines the cause as excessive shading by the PV panel and determines the adjustment range of the PV panel's extension / retraction position for the next time period based on the specific value of the PV panel's output power. If the PV panel's output power is low and the temperature is below a preset lower temperature limit, the adjustment unit determines the cause as improper PV panel tilt angle and determines the adjustment range of the PV panel's tilt angle for the next time period based on the specific value of the temperature data. If the PV panel's output power is low and the temperature is within a preset temperature range, the adjustment unit determines the cause as drastic changes in the illumination angle and comprehensively corrects the PV panel's tilt angle and extension / retraction position for the next time period based on the coupling relationship between the PV panel's output power and temperature data. When determining the adjustment range of the PV panel's extension / retraction position, the adjustment unit selects different extension / retraction range coefficients based on the ratio of the PV panel's output power to the preset lower power limit. When the ratio is greater than or equal to the first preset ratio, the execution adjustment unit selects the first expansion / contraction coefficient λ1 to adjust the expansion / contraction position of the photovoltaic panel unit to the corresponding value; when the ratio is less than the first preset ratio, the second expansion / contraction coefficient λ2 is selected for adjustment. Similarly, when determining the tilt angle adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel unit, the execution adjustment unit selects either the first tilt angle coefficient τ1 or the second tilt angle coefficient τ2 based on the difference between the temperature data and the preset temperature range. To further optimize the control effect, the execution adjustment unit establishes a multivariate nonlinear regression model of photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data with tilt angle and expansion / contraction position. This model uses photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data as input variables and determines the correction method by calculating the magnitude of the difference vector between the target correction value and the current value. When the magnitude is greater than or equal to the preset magnitude threshold, the execution adjustment unit selects the first correction matrix M1 to correct the current value; when the magnitude is less than the preset magnitude threshold, the second correction matrix M2 is selected for correction. This correction method based on a mathematical model can significantly improve the control accuracy and ensure the stable operation of the system in complex environments. By combining the steps and principles outlined in the above specific application scenarios, this invention achieves adaptive control of the aquaculture pond environment, ensuring that the growth environment for aquatic products remains within a suitable range. All content not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art, and the model parameters of each electrical component are not specifically limited; conventional equipment can be used. Electrical control components not mentioned in this technical solution are not shown in the figures because they are prior art, and will not be described further here.

[0035] The above scenarios are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the above embodiments, the flexible extension and retraction of the photovoltaic panels is achieved by setting up the frame module 100, which effectively blocks sunlight in high-temperature weather and retracts the photovoltaic panels in time when low temperatures or heat dissipation are required, avoiding the adverse effects of traditional fixed photovoltaic greenhouses on the aquaculture pond environment. Secondly, the tilt angle adjustment mechanism in the photovoltaic panel module 200 can adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panels in real time according to changes in the angle of sunlight, thereby improving the stability of the output power of the photovoltaic panels. In addition, the temperature control module, through the synergistic effect of the temperature sensor group and ventilation control components, can flexibly regulate the internal temperature of the aquaculture pond under different environmental conditions, ensuring that the growth environment of aquatic products is always within a suitable range. At the same time, the power management unit and energy storage device of the photovoltaic power generation module 300 can stabilize the output power of the photovoltaic panels and store excess electrical energy, providing a reliable guarantee for the power demand of the aquaculture pond. Finally, the central control module, through comprehensive analysis of temperature data and photovoltaic panel output power data, can generate precise control commands to achieve closed-loop control of the extension and retraction position, tilt angle, and ventilation status of the photovoltaic panels, ensuring adaptive optimization and continuous improvement of the aquaculture pond environment, which helps to improve the stability of the aquaculture process and the survival rate of aquatic products.

[0037] In another preferred embodiment based on the above embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a power control system for an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, including: an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds according to the above embodiments, and a control panel for displaying the temperature of the aquaculture pond and the power output of the generator.

[0038] It is understood that the automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse and power control system for aquaculture ponds in the above embodiments have the same beneficial effects, and will not be described again.

[0039] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0040] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0041] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0042] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds, characterized in that, include: The shed module is erected above the aquaculture pond. The shed module is equipped with transverse slide rails and longitudinal slide rails, as well as a drive device that works with the transverse slide rails and longitudinal slide rails. A photovoltaic panel module is installed on a canopy module and connected to the canopy module. The photovoltaic panel module is provided with several photovoltaic panel units, and the photovoltaic panel units are connected to the horizontal slide rail and the vertical slide rail based on a hinge structure and tilt adjustment mechanism. The temperature control module, connected to the canopy module, includes a temperature sensor group and a ventilation control component. The temperature control module is configured to monitor the temperature inside the canopy module and is also configured to direct the temperature inside the canopy module to the outside of the canopy module. A photovoltaic power generation module is electrically connected to a photovoltaic panel module, wherein the photovoltaic power generation module is equipped with a power management unit and an energy storage device; The central control module is electrically connected to the shed module, photovoltaic panel module, temperature control module, and photovoltaic power generation module. The central control module is configured to control the shed module and temperature control module based on the temperature and power data obtained by the temperature control module and photovoltaic power generation module.

2. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The central control module includes: The data acquisition unit is used to acquire temperature data collected by the temperature sensor group and power data output by the photovoltaic power generation module in real time. The model analysis unit is used to compare temperature data with a preset temperature range and generate temperature control commands, and at the same time compare power data with a preset power threshold and generate power optimization commands. The adjustment unit is used to adjust the extension position, tilt angle, and ventilation control component status of the photovoltaic panel module according to temperature control commands and power optimization commands.

3. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the adjustment unit determines the adjustment method for the expansion and contraction position of the photovoltaic panel based on temperature data, it includes: When the temperature exceeds the preset upper limit, the photovoltaic panel is extended outward along the slide rail to the corresponding position using the first expansion coefficient α1. When the temperature is lower than the preset lower limit, the first shrinkage coefficient α2 is selected to shrink the photovoltaic panel inward along the slide rail to the corresponding position; When the temperature is within the preset temperature range, the current telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel remains unchanged.

4. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 3, characterized in that, When primary control is required, the adjustment unit records the difference between the preset temperature range and the measured temperature as the primary temperature difference, and determines the adjustment method for the photovoltaic panel tilt angle based on the primary temperature difference, including: When the temperature difference at the first level is greater than or equal to the preset first level difference threshold, the first tilt angle adjustment coefficient β1 is used to linearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value. When the temperature difference of the first stage is less than the preset first stage difference threshold, the second tilt angle adjustment coefficient β2 is used to nonlinearly increase the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the target tilt angle value.

5. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After determining the target tilt angle value for the photovoltaic panel, the adjustment unit enters the secondary judgment process. The difference between the target tilt angle value and the maximum tilt angle threshold of the photovoltaic panel is recorded as the secondary tilt angle difference. Based on the secondary tilt angle difference, the adjustment method for subsequent parameters is determined, including: When the difference in the secondary tilt angle is greater than or equal to zero, it is determined that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel should be adjusted to the target tilt angle value. When the difference in the second-level tilt angle is less than zero, it is determined that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel should remain unchanged, and the ventilation status correction program is activated. The first ventilation adjustment coefficient γ1 is selected to adjust the opening of the ventilation control component to the corresponding value.

6. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 5, characterized in that, When the regulating unit determines that the aquaculture pond environment is unsuitable based on the photovoltaic panel output power data and temperature data, it includes: When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is higher than the preset upper temperature limit, the reason is determined to be that the photovoltaic panel is too blocked, and the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension and retraction position in the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific value of the photovoltaic panel's output power. When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset lower power limit and the temperature is lower than the preset lower temperature limit, the reason is determined to be that the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is improper, and the adjustment range of the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel in the next time period is determined to the corresponding value based on the specific temperature data. When the output power of the photovoltaic panel is lower than the preset power limit and the temperature is within the preset temperature range, the cause is determined to be a drastic change in the light angle. Based on the coupling relationship between the output power of the photovoltaic panel and the temperature data, the tilt angle and extension position of the photovoltaic panel in the next time period are corrected to the corresponding values.

7. An automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 6, characterized in that, When the adjustment unit determines the method for determining the adjustment range of the photovoltaic panel's extension / retraction position based on the photovoltaic panel's output power data, it includes: When the ratio of the output power of the photovoltaic panel to the preset lower limit of power is greater than or equal to the first preset ratio, the first expansion and contraction coefficient λ1 is selected to adjust the expansion and contraction position of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value. When the ratio of the output power of the photovoltaic panel to the preset lower power limit is less than the first preset ratio, the second expansion coefficient λ2 is used to adjust the expansion position of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value.

8. The automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 7, characterized in that, When the adjustment unit determines the method for adjusting the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel based on the difference between the temperature data and the preset temperature range, it includes: When the difference is greater than or equal to the preset temperature difference, the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel is adjusted to the corresponding value by selecting the first tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ1. When the difference is less than the preset temperature difference, the second tilt angle amplitude coefficient τ2 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the photovoltaic panel to the corresponding value.

9. An automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When the adjustment unit corrects the current tilt angle and telescopic position of the photovoltaic panel, it includes: A multivariate nonlinear regression model was established for photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data with tilt angle and expansion / contraction position, and the photovoltaic panel output power and temperature data were used as input variables to determine the target correction value; The difference vector between the target correction value and the current value is denoted as the correction vector, and the correction method is determined based on the magnitude of the correction vector, where: When the modulus is greater than or equal to the preset modulus threshold, the first correction matrix M1 is used to correct the current value; When the modulus is less than the preset modulus threshold, the second correction matrix M2 is used to correct the current value.

10. A power control system for an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse used in aquaculture ponds, characterized in that, Includes an automatic retractable photovoltaic greenhouse for aquaculture ponds as described in any one of claims 1-9, and a control panel for displaying the temperature of the aquaculture pond and the power output of the generated electricity.

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