Method for controlling smelting splashing of vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy smelting splashing and achieving primary ignition, and belongs to the technical field of vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy smelting. According to the method, V2O599.0-F type vanadium pentoxide meeting the requirements of the standard YB / T5304-2017 is used as a raw material, the material is subjected to a self-propagating reaction under the ignition action of a magnesium rod by controlling the particle size of the vanadium pentoxide, the material ratio and the magnesium rod adding condition, and then the stability control and the reaction sufficiency guarantee of the reaction process are achieved; and finally, qualified vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained, and the alloy recovery rate is increased. The specific technological process comprises the steps of raw material crushing, material uniform mixing, furnace charging and tamping, magnesium rod ignition smelting and standing cooling, and finally a vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy blank cake is obtained. The method effectively reduces the occurrence amount of smelting splashing, improves the effective reaction amount of raw materials and auxiliary materials, has the advantages of being high in safety guarantee and easy and convenient to operate, and is suitable for industrial stable production of the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of vanadium-aluminum master alloy smelting technology, and specifically relates to a method for controlling splashing during vanadium-aluminum master alloy smelting. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, due to product structure adjustment and cost reduction requirements, the vanadium-containing raw material for smelting vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy has been changed from powdered vanadium pentoxide to tablet vanadium pentoxide. The self-propagating method is still used for smelting. The principle is: after ignition, the material reaction releases heat, and the released heat is used to satisfy the self-propagating reaction of the material until it ends. However, in the actual production process, the tablet vanadium particles are too large and uneven in size, which does not match the particle size of aluminum particles and other auxiliary materials. The reaction rate is uneven, and the heat release in the process is unstable. The following situations may occur: (1) Explosion and splashing occur, causing safety hazards and environmental problems. In addition, splashing will cause material ratio deviation, affecting product quality. At the same time, the weight of the alloy cake is reduced. The actual output is about 85% of the theoretical output, and the output per furnace is low. (2) Insufficient self-propagating heat release causes the flame to go out and the reaction to be interrupted. It needs to be ignited multiple times, which brings multiple safety hazards. There will also be situations where the material is not fully reacted. At the same time, the probability of splashing increases, which leads to the adverse consequences of splashing. The best vanadium recovery rate of the alloy cake was 90.54%, and the vanadium recovery rate after finishing was 81.77%.

[0003] To address the issues of splashing and repeated ignition after flameout, the particle size range and proportion of the reactants were adjusted, and the amount and method of adding the igniter were improved. The aim was to achieve a stable reaction rate, a single ignition operation without splashing, a smooth and continuous reaction, complete reaction, reduced safety and environmental hazards, and increased product recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys. This method controls the particle size of vanadium pentoxide, the material ratio, and the conditions for adding magnesium strips. Under the ignition of the magnesium strips, the material undergoes a self-propagating reaction, achieving primary ignition. This enables stability control of the reaction process and ensures the sufficiency of the reaction, ultimately obtaining a qualified vanadium-aluminum master alloy and improving the alloy recovery rate.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys, the method comprising the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.8-0.92, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.08-0.15, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.075-0.10; wherein the vanadium pentoxide tablets are composed of unbroken vanadium pentoxide tablets and broken vanadium pentoxide tablets; (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material is loaded to 200-250 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 0.5-1 g of magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded. Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 2.0-3.0g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignite the fire to smelt; (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0006] In step (1) of this invention, the vanadium pentoxide after crushing is a mixture of powder particles with a particle size of less than 10 mm.

[0007] In step (1) of the present invention, the particle size of aluminum particles, lime and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm.

[0008] In step (1) of the present invention, the ratio of unbroken vanadium pentoxide tablets to broken vanadium pentoxide tablets is 0.79-0.84.

[0009] In step (1) of this invention, the vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium tablet standard (YB / T 5304-2017).

[0010] In step (1) of the present invention, the powder content of aluminum particles does not exceed 10%.

[0011] In step (3) of the present invention, when the material loading reaches 200-250 kg, the amount of magnesium strip added is 0.5-1 g.

[0012] The actual yield / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy products produced by the method described in this invention is ≥95%.

[0013] The vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cake obtained by the method of the present invention is ≥94%.

[0014] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solution are as follows: the vanadium-aluminum master alloy smelting of this invention has the advantages of mild and continuous reaction, no smelting splash, one-time ignition, simple operation, sufficient effective reaction of raw and auxiliary materials, and strong safety assurance. Actual output: theoretical output ≥95%, vanadium recovery rate after crushing ≥83%. The specific process of this invention includes raw material crushing, material mixing, furnace loading and compaction, magnesium strip ignition smelting, and static cooling, finally obtaining vanadium-aluminum master alloy billet. This invention effectively reduces the amount of smelting splash, increases the effective reaction of raw and auxiliary materials, and has the advantages of high safety assurance and simple operation, making it suitable for the stable industrial production of vanadium-aluminum master alloys. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments described herein. Example 1

[0016] A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.87, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.14, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.08; The tablet vanadium pentoxide is composed of uncrushed tablet vanadium pentoxide and crushed vanadium pentoxide; the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles with a particle size of less than 10 mm after crushing; the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm, and the powder content of aluminum particles is 10%; The ratio of undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets to undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets was 0.79; The vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium standard for tablets (YB / T 5304-2017). (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material reaches 240 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 1 g of magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded (two layers). Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 2.5g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignite for melting; after ignition, the reaction flame is large and there is no splashing, and the reaction time is 53 seconds.

[0017] (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0018] In this embodiment, the actual yield / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 95.45%; the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 94.05%, and the vanadium recovery rate of the product after finishing was 83.93%. Example 2

[0019] A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.91, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.08, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.10; The tablet vanadium pentoxide is composed of uncrushed tablet vanadium pentoxide and crushed vanadium pentoxide; the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles crushed to a particle size of less than 10 mm; the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm, and the powder content of aluminum particles is 8%; The ratio of undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets to undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets was 0.84; The vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium standard for tablets (YB / T 5304-2017). (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material reaches 210 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then put 0.5 g magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded. Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 3.0g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignition for melting; after ignition, there was no splashing, and the reaction was stable. The reaction time was 61 seconds.

[0020] (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0021] In this embodiment, the actual yield / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 96.96%; the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 95.21%, and the vanadium recovery rate of the product after finishing was 87.13%. Example 3

[0022] A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.87, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.15, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.075; The tablet vanadium pentoxide is composed of uncrushed tablet vanadium pentoxide and crushed vanadium pentoxide; the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles crushed to a particle size of less than 10 mm; the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm, and the powder content of aluminum particles is 8%; The ratio of undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets to undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets was 0.81; The vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium standard for tablets (YB / T 5304-2017). (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material is loaded to about 230 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 1 g of magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded. Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 2.5g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignition for melting; after ignition, there was no splashing, the reaction was stable, and the reaction time was 59 seconds.

[0023] (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0024] In this embodiment, the actual yield / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 96.51%; the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 95.09%, and the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy after finishing was 86.04%. Example 4

[0025] A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.80, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.13, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.10; The tablet vanadium pentoxide is composed of uncrushed tablet vanadium pentoxide and crushed vanadium pentoxide; the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles with a particle size of less than 10 mm after crushing; the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm, and the powder content of aluminum particles is 5%; The ratio of undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets to undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets was 0.80; The vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium standard for tablets (YB / T 5304-2017). (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material reaches 240 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 1 g of magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded (two layers). Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 3.0g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignite for smelting; after ignition, the flame is large, the reaction is stable, there is no splashing, and the reaction time is 55 seconds.

[0026] (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0027] In this embodiment, the actual yield / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 96.07%; the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 95.24%, and the vanadium recovery rate of the product after finishing was 85.39%. Example 5

[0028] A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.92, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.15, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.08; The tablet vanadium pentoxide is composed of uncrushed tablet vanadium pentoxide and crushed vanadium pentoxide; the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles with a particle size of less than 10 mm after crushing; the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all in the range of 0-10 mm, and the powder content of aluminum particles is 10%; The ratio of undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets to undisturbed vanadium pentoxide tablets was 0.83; The vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium standard for tablets (YB / T 5304-2017). (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material reaches 225 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 1.0 g magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) Continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is loaded (two layers). Then compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 2.5g magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignite for melting; after ignition, the reaction is stable and there is no splashing, and the reaction time is 64 seconds.

[0029] (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

[0030] In this embodiment, the actual / theoretical yield of vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 96.49%; the vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum alloy cakes was 95.86%, and the vanadium recovery rate of the finished product was 85.87%.

[0031] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling splashing during the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: (1) Weigh the materials according to the following weight ratio: aluminum granules: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.8-0.92, calcium fluoride: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.08-0.15, lime: vanadium pentoxide tablets = 0.075-0.10; wherein the vanadium pentoxide tablets are composed of unbroken vanadium pentoxide tablets and broken vanadium pentoxide tablets; (2) Mix the weighed materials according to the proportion, and the powder of the materials is evenly distributed on the surface of the materials after mixing. (3) Load the mixed material into the furnace. When the bottom material is loaded to 200-250 kg, compact the material and level the surface. Then, disperse 0.5-1 g of magnesium strips into the material layer. (4) For every 200-250 kg of material, add 0.5-1 g of magnesium strips and continue loading the furnace until all the furnace charge is used up. Then, compact the furnace charge again and level the surface. Place 2.0-3.0 g of magnesium strips on the surface of the furnace charge, and then install the furnace cover. (5) Ignite the fire to smelt; (6) After smelting, the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy is obtained by standing and cooling.

2. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the crushed vanadium pentoxide is a mixture of powder particles crushed to a particle size of less than 10 mm.

3. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the particle size of aluminum particles, lime, and calcium fluoride are all within the range of 0-10 mm.

4. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the ratio of unbroken vanadium pentoxide tablets to broken vanadium pentoxide tablets is 0.79-0.

84.

5. A method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step (1), the vanadium pentoxide tablets meet the requirements of the current vanadium tablet standard (YB / T 5304-2017).

6. A method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step (1), the powder content of aluminum particles does not exceed 10%.

7. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, In step (3), when the material loading reaches 200-250 kg, the amount of magnesium strips added is 0.5-1 g.

8. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The actual output / theoretical output of vanadium-aluminum alloy products produced by the method is ≥95%.

9. The method for controlling splashing in the smelting of vanadium-aluminum master alloys according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The vanadium recovery rate of the vanadium-aluminum intermediate alloy cake obtained by the method is ≥94%.