Beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel and iron from self-heating slag

Abstract

The invention discloses a beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel and iron in self-heating slag. The beneficiation method comprises the following steps that S1, crushing is conducted, specifically, the self-heating slag is subjected to three-section open-circuit crushing including coarse crushing, intermediate crushing and fine crushing; s2, first-stage ore grinding, wherein the crushed products are subjected to ore grinding; s3, grading: carrying out 20-mesh grading on ore pulp obtained by the first-stage ore grinding in the step S2; s4, screening is conducted, specifically, fine fraction products in the step S3 are screened, and oversize products are copper metal concentrates; s5, magnetic separation is conducted, specifically, undersize products screened in the step S4 are subjected to magnetic separation, and magnetic concentrate is produced; 6, sulfide ore flotation is conducted, specifically, a pH regulator, a sulfide ore collecting agent and a foaming agent are sequentially added into magnetic separation tailings in the step 5 for flotation, and nickel sulfide copper concentrate is obtained through one-time roughing and one-time concentration; and S7, oxidized ore flotation is conducted, specifically, a vulcanizing agent, a collecting agent and a foaming agent are added into tailings produced through flotation in the step S6, then one-time roughing and one-time concentration are conducted, and copper oxide concentrate is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of process methods for recycling valuable metals from smelting slag, and particularly to a mineral processing method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel and iron from self-heating furnace slag. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, self-heating slag from copper-nickel ore smelting contains a large amount of iron and some copper and nickel metals. The iron is mainly magnetic iron minerals; copper mainly exists as copper oxide and elemental copper; nickel mainly exists as nickel-bearing magnetite (nickel exists as an isomorphous substitution of iron) and elemental nickel. In addition, it contains small amounts of nickel-copper sulfides and nickel-iron silicates. The original treatment method was to directly return it to the furnace or stockpile it, resulting in metal recycling within the furnace and preventing rapid realization of the metals. Based on the mineral characteristics of the main metals nickel, copper, and iron in the self-heating slag, a clean, low-consumption, and low-cost gravity-magnetic-flotation combined beneficiation method is adopted to separately enrich and recover the copper, nickel, and iron metals, feeding them into different smelting systems. This helps reduce metal loss during smelting, stockpiling, and recycling energy consumption, thereby improving the comprehensive utilization efficiency of resources. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a mineral processing method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating furnace slag includes the following steps: S1. Crushing: The self-heating furnace slag is crushed in three stages: coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing. S2, First stage grinding: Grinding the crushed product; S3. Classification: The slurry obtained from the first grinding step S2 is classified into two particle sizes, coarse and fine, using a 20-mesh grading process. S4. Screening: The fine-particle product from step S3 is screened with a screen mesh between 60 and 100 mesh. The product on the screen is copper metal concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. S5. Magnetic separation: The undersize product from step S4 is subjected to magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-0.3T to produce magnetic concentrate. S6. Sulfide ore flotation: pH adjuster, sulfide ore collector and frother are added sequentially to the magnetic separation tailings in step S5 for flotation. After one roughing and one cleaning, sulfide nickel-copper concentrate is obtained and returned to the nickel smelting system. The pH value is adjusted to 4-6, the amount of sulfide ore collector is 30-60g / t, and the amount of frother is 10-30g / t. S7. Oxidized ore flotation: Add sulfiding agent, collector, and frother to the tailings produced by flotation in step S6, and then perform one roughing and one cleaning to obtain copper oxide concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. The dosage of sulfiding agent is 100-200 g / t, the dosage of collector is 40-80 g / t, and the dosage of frother is 10-30 g / t.

[0005] In step S3, the coarse particles are returned to step S2 for regrinding.

[0006] In step S3, 40-60% of the material is further ground to a fineness of -200 mesh.

[0007] In step S3, the grinding and classification uses a hydrocyclone to classify the material into two particle sizes: underflow and overflow. The overflow particle size is 70% or more of -200 mesh.

[0008] In step S6, the pH adjuster is sulfuric acid, the sulfide mineral collector is J622, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0009] In step S7, the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide or sodium hydrosulfide, the collector is diphenylguanidine, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. This invention utilizes the characteristic that elemental copper is not easily ground into flakes during the grinding process. By using screening, it is separated from other minerals, and copper concentrate with a copper grade of over 80% can be obtained.

[0011] 2. This invention utilizes the magnetic properties of magnetic iron minerals and elemental nickel to separate magnetic concentrates with high nickel and iron content, which can effectively enrich nickel-iron metals.

[0012] 3. This invention utilizes the floatability of sulfides to directly float copper-nickel sulfide ores; it uses a sulfidating agent to sulfide copper oxide ores and then floats them. The resulting copper-nickel sulfide concentrate and copper oxide concentrate can be respectively entered into a smelting system with similar raw materials, which is beneficial for the short-process recovery of different metal minerals and reduces smelting costs.

[0013] 4. The present invention uses weak acidity during flotation, which is beneficial to increasing the flotation speed of fine minerals, reducing the coverage of gangue minerals on the surface of useful minerals, and also promoting the sulfidation effect of the sulfiding agent. Detailed Implementation

[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of the invention.

[0015] Example 1 A beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating furnace slag includes the following steps: S1. Crushing: The self-heating furnace slag is crushed in three stages: coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing. S2, First stage grinding: Grinding the crushed product; S3. Classification: The slurry obtained from the first grinding step S2 is classified into two particle sizes, coarse and fine, using a 20-mesh grading process. S4. Screening: Screen the fine-grained product from step S3. The screen mesh is 60 mesh. The product on the screen is copper metal concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. S5. Magnetic separation: The undersize product from step S4 is subjected to magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 0.1T to produce magnetic concentrate. S6. Sulfide ore flotation: pH adjuster, sulfide ore collector and frother are added sequentially to the magnetic separation tailings in step S5 for flotation. After one roughing and one cleaning, sulfide nickel-copper concentrate is obtained and returned to the nickel smelting system. The pH value is adjusted to 4, the amount of sulfide ore collector is 30g / t, and the amount of frother is 10g / t. S7. Oxide ore flotation: Add sulfiding agent, collector and frother to the tailings produced by flotation in step S6, and then perform one roughing and one cleaning to obtain copper oxide concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. The amount of sulfiding agent is 100g / t, the amount of collector is 40g / t, and the amount of frother is 10g / t.

[0016] In step S3, the coarse particles are returned to step S2 for regrinding.

[0017] In step S3, 40% of the grinding is done to a fineness of -200 mesh.

[0018] In step S3, the grinding and classification uses a hydrocyclone to classify the material into two particle sizes: underflow and overflow. The overflow particle size is 70% or more of -200 mesh.

[0019] In step S6, the pH adjuster is sulfuric acid, the sulfide mineral collector is J622, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0020] In step S7, the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide or sodium hydrosulfide, the collector is diphenylguanidine, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0021] Example 2 A beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating furnace slag includes the following steps: S1. Crushing: The self-heating furnace slag is crushed in three stages: coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing. S2, First stage grinding: Grinding the crushed product; S3. Classification: The slurry obtained from the first grinding step S2 is classified into two particle sizes, coarse and fine, using a 20-mesh grading process. S4. Screening: Screen the fine-grained product from step S3. The screen mesh is 100 mesh. The product on the screen is copper metal concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. S5. Magnetic separation: The undersize product from step S4 is subjected to magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 0.3T to produce magnetic concentrate. S6. Sulfide ore flotation: pH adjuster, sulfide ore collector and frother are added sequentially to the magnetic separation tailings in step S5 for flotation. After one roughing and one cleaning, sulfide nickel-copper concentrate is obtained and returned to the nickel smelting system. The pH value is adjusted to 6, the amount of sulfide ore collector is 60g / t, and the amount of frother is 30g / t. S7. Oxidized ore flotation: Add sulfiding agent, collector, and frother to the tailings produced by flotation in step S6, and then perform one roughing and one cleaning to obtain copper oxide concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. The amount of sulfiding agent is 200g / t, the amount of collector is 80g / t, and the amount of frother is 30g / t.

[0022] In step S3, the coarse particles are returned to step S2 for regrinding.

[0023] In step S3, 60% of the grinding is done to a fineness of -200 mesh.

[0024] In step S3, the grinding and classification uses a hydrocyclone to classify the material into two particle sizes: underflow and overflow. The overflow particle size is 70% or more of -200 mesh.

[0025] In step S6, the pH adjuster is sulfuric acid, the sulfide mineral collector is J622, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0026] In step S7, the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide or sodium hydrosulfide, the collector is diphenylguanidine, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

[0027] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. A mineral processing method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating furnace slag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Crushing: The self-heating furnace slag is crushed in three stages: coarse crushing, medium crushing and fine crushing. S2, First stage grinding: Grinding the crushed product; S3. Classification: The slurry obtained from the first grinding step S2 is classified into two particle sizes, coarse and fine, using a 20-mesh grading process. S4. Screening: The fine-particle product from step S3 is screened with a screen mesh between 60 and 100 mesh. The product on the screen is copper metal concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. S5. Magnetic separation: The undersize product from step S4 is subjected to magnetic separation with a magnetic field strength of 0.1-0.3T to produce magnetic concentrate. S6. Sulfide ore flotation: pH adjuster, sulfide ore collector and frother are added sequentially to the magnetic separation tailings in step S5 for flotation. After one roughing and one cleaning, sulfide nickel-copper concentrate is obtained and returned to the nickel smelting system. The pH value is adjusted to 4-6, the amount of sulfide ore collector is 30-60g / t, and the amount of frother is 10-30g / t. S7. Oxidized ore flotation: Add sulfiding agent, collector, and frother to the tailings produced by flotation in step S6, and then perform one roughing and one cleaning to obtain copper oxide concentrate, which is returned to the copper smelting system. The dosage of sulfiding agent is 100-200 g / t, the dosage of collector is 40-80 g / t, and the dosage of frother is 10-30 g / t.

2. The beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the coarse particles are returned to step S2 for regrinding.

3. The beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S3, 40-60% of the material is further ground to a fineness of -200 mesh.

4. The beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the grinding and classification uses a hydrocyclone to classify the material into two particle sizes: underflow and overflow. The overflow particle size is over 70% of -200 mesh.

5. The beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S6, the pH adjuster is sulfuric acid, the sulfide mineral collector is J622, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.

6. The beneficiation method for enriching and recovering copper, nickel, and iron from self-heating slag according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S7, the sulfiding agent is sodium sulfide or sodium hydrosulfide, the collector is diphenylguanidine, and the foaming agent is butylammonium black powder.