Multi-winding hierarchical filtering anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-winding hierarchical filtering anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactor, which belongs to the technical field of reactors, and comprises an iron core and a plurality of groups of coils wound on the outer side of the iron core, the outer side of the iron core is sleeved with a rectangular heat dissipation frame, the rectangular heat dissipation frame is respectively positioned at the bottoms of the plurality of groups of coils, and a cavity is formed in each rectangular heat dissipation frame. The rectangular heat dissipation frame is arranged on the iron core in a sleeving mode and located outside the coil, then the rectangular heat dissipation frame is matched with the heat dissipation fan and the exhaust pipe to form a heat dissipation system, the heat dissipation frame is arranged outside the coil in a sleeving mode and is communicated with the exhaust pipe, and heat dissipation air can directly enter a cavity of the rectangular heat dissipation frame and then directionally act on different winding coils through the air grooves; the problem of concentrated heating of a low-frequency large-section winding and a high-frequency dense winding can be specifically solved, the defect that rapid heat conduction cannot be achieved through passive heat dissipation is overcome, sudden rising of the winding temperature is effectively restrained, aging of an insulating layer and falling of an enameled wire paint film are delayed, and the turn-to-turn short circuit fault risk is fundamentally reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a reactor, and more particularly to a multi-winding tiered filtering reactor for electromagnetic interference suppression, belonging to the technical field of electromagnetic interference suppression reactors. Background Technology

[0002] In fields with stringent electromagnetic compatibility requirements, such as industrial automation, new energy power conversion, and medical precision equipment, multi-winding tiered filtering anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactors serve as core anti-interference components. By adapting different windings to tiered filtering units, they can specifically suppress low-frequency harmonics, intermediate-frequency switching noise, and high-frequency radiated interference, effectively blocking the transmission of common-mode and differential-mode interference in the power system and ensuring the stable operation of sensitive equipment.

[0003] However, in practical applications, existing multi-winding tiered filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI) reactors generally rely on natural or passive heat dissipation, making it impossible to dynamically adjust the heat dissipation intensity based on the actual winding temperature. In particular, the low-frequency windings use a large inductance design and large conductor cross-sectional area, while the high-frequency windings use a dense winding process, both of which are major heat sources. When system load fluctuations cause a sudden increase in winding losses, passive heat dissipation is insufficient to quickly remove internal heat, easily leading to a continuous rise in winding temperature. This, in turn, accelerates the aging of the winding insulation layer, the peeling of the enamel film on the enameled wire, and may even cause inter-turn short circuit faults. In addition, when a winding experiences a local inter-turn short circuit due to insulation damage, abnormal Joule heating will be generated at the short circuit point, causing a sudden rise in the local temperature of that winding. However, due to the nested structure of multiple windings, this cannot be visually observed from the outside, and existing products cannot detect temperature anomalies in a single winding or a local area. It can only be detected when the coil fault develops into overall failure, at which point equipment downtime or damage to sensitive loads has already occurred, increasing maintenance costs and safety risks.

[0004] To address this issue, a multi-winding, tiered filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter reactor was designed to optimize the above-mentioned problem. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a multi-winding, tiered filtering electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter reactor. A rectangular heat sink is fitted onto the iron core and located outside the coils. This, along with a cooling fan and exhaust pipe, forms a cooling system. The heat sink, positioned outside the coils and connected to the exhaust pipe, allows the cooling air to directly enter the rectangular heat sink cavity. The air then acts directionally on different windings through air channels. This effectively addresses the concentrated heat generation problem in low-frequency, large-section windings and high-frequency, densely wound windings, avoiding the shortcomings of passive cooling which cannot conduct heat quickly. This effectively suppresses sudden temperature rises in the windings and delays insulation aging and enamel film peeling. This design reduces the risk of inter-turn short circuits at the source. By placing partitions between rectangular heat sink frames, the coils are separated. A temperature-sensing mechanism, consisting of a hollow tube at the top of the rectangular heat sink frame, a support tube, a spiral bimetallic strip, a mounting rod, a pointer, an indicator color plate, and a heat-conducting plate, utilizes the thermal deformation characteristics of the spiral bimetallic strip. Combined with the heat-conducting plate, pointer, and indicator color plate, it allows for independent monitoring of the outer temperature of a single coil group. This provides direct feedback on temperature fluctuations in a single group or a portion of the winding. Early warning is provided when partial short circuits or abnormal Joule heating occur due to insulation damage, preventing the fault from developing into overall failure before it is discovered. This reduces equipment downtime and damage to sensitive loads, lowering maintenance costs and safety risks. A gate adjustment mechanism, consisting of a baffle, connecting rod, and translation component within the rectangular heat sink cavity, allows for adjustment of the gate opening during use. The translation component comprises an adjusting rod, eccentric wheel, and sliding groove. The adjusting rod is fixed to the top of a spiral bimetallic strip and works in conjunction with a temperature sensing mechanism. It automatically adjusts the gate opening based on the external coil temperature. When the winding temperature rises, the gate automatically opens wider to increase airflow; when the temperature drops, the opening narrows, ensuring efficient cooling under high loads while preventing overheating under low loads. To reduce energy waste and achieve intelligent dynamic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency, a self-cleaning mechanism is installed inside the air intake pipe. This mechanism consists of a rotating rod, brush plate, limit ring, return spring, crossbar, strip groove, spiral rod, mounting sleeve, compression spring, limit bead, and slot. When the filter plate becomes clogged due to dust, the mechanism automatically starts cleaning. When the filter plate becomes clogged, causing increased airflow resistance, the mechanism drives the brush plate to clean the filter plate through mechanical linkage. No manual disassembly and maintenance are required, ensuring that the air intake channel is always unobstructed. This avoids the problem of reduced heat dissipation airflow and decreased heat dissipation effect caused by filter plate clogging, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the heat dissipation system.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solution: An electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding hierarchical filtering includes an iron core and multiple coils wound on the outside of the iron core. A rectangular heat sink is sleeved on the outside of the iron core, and the rectangular heat sink is located at the bottom of the multiple coils. A cavity is opened inside the rectangular heat sink, and an air groove communicating with the cavity is opened on the outer side of the top of the rectangular heat sink. A cooling fan is installed at one end of the bottom of the iron core. An exhaust pipe is installed at the exhaust end of the cooling fan and is located below the rectangular heat dissipation frame. A first opening is evenly provided at the top of the exhaust pipe along the length direction. The exhaust pipe is connected to the inside of the cavity through the first opening. A second opening is provided at the bottom of the rectangular heat dissipation frame to cooperate with the first opening. An opening adjustment mechanism for controlling the opening degree of the second opening is provided inside the second opening. Each coil is vertically separated by a partition, and the bottom of the partition is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe. The top of each rectangular heat sink is equipped with a temperature sensing mechanism to monitor the surface temperature of the coil. The cooling fan has an air inlet pipe at its input end, and a filter plate is installed inside the air inlet pipe. The air inlet pipe also has a self-cleaning mechanism for cleaning impurities from the surface of the filter plate.

[0007] Preferably, the temperature sensing mechanism includes a hollow tube, a support tube, a spiral bimetallic strip, a mounting rod, a pointer, indicator color plates, and a heat-conducting plate. The support tube is vertically fixed to the top of the rectangular heat dissipation frame. A hollow tube is fixed to the top of the support tube. A spiral bimetallic strip is fixed to the inner bottom end of the hollow tube. A mounting rod is installed at the movable end of the top of the spiral bimetallic strip. The top of the mounting rod extends to the outside of the hollow tube and is rotatably connected to the hollow tube. A pointer is fixed to the top of the mounting rod. Indicator color plates are evenly arranged in a ring array at the top of the hollow tube. A heat-conducting plate is evenly arranged on the outside of the hollow tube, and the bottom end of the heat-conducting plate is connected to the fixed end of the spiral bimetallic strip.

[0008] Preferably, the port adjustment mechanism includes a baffle, a connecting rod, and a translation component. The baffle is horizontally slidably disposed at both ends of the bottom of the rectangular heat dissipation frame, and the baffle covers the top of the second port. A connecting rod is fixed between the two sets of baffles. A translation component is provided inside the cavity to synchronously control the horizontal sliding of the two sets of baffles.

[0009] Preferably, the translation component includes an adjusting rod, an eccentric wheel, and a sliding groove. The adjusting rod is fixed to the movable end of the spiral bimetallic strip, and the adjusting rod passes through the inside of the support tube and extends into the cavity. A sliding groove is provided on the cover plate at the bottom of the adjusting rod, and an eccentric wheel is fixed at the bottom end of the adjusting rod. The eccentric wheel rotates and slides inside the sliding groove.

[0010] Preferably, the spiral bimetallic strip is made of a composite of a copper-nickel alloy layer and an iron-nickel alloy layer, with the copper-nickel alloy layer located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip closer to the heat-conducting plate and the iron-nickel alloy layer located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip away from the heat-conducting plate.

[0011] Preferred configuration: The core is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the multiple coils include low-frequency windings, medium-frequency windings, and high-frequency windings.

[0012] Preferably, the self-cleaning mechanism includes a rotating rod, a brush plate, and a rotating assembly. The filter plate slides along the length of the air intake pipe. A rotating rod is rotatably installed at the middle position of the filter plate. One end of the rotating rod is fixed with a brush plate that fits against the outer side of the filter plate. A rotating assembly that drives the rotating rod to rotate is provided inside the air intake pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a limiting ring, a return spring, a crossbar, a strip groove, a spiral rod, and a pressure release component. The limiting ring is fixed inside the air intake pipe. A return spring is provided between the limiting ring and the filter plate. A crossbar is vertically fixed inside the limiting ring. A strip groove is provided on the crossbar. A spiral rod is fixed at the end of the rotating rod. The spiral rod passes through the inside of the strip groove. A pressure release component is provided at the top of the air intake pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the pressure relief component includes a mounting sleeve, a compression spring, a limiting bead, and a slot. The mounting sleeve is fixed to the top of the air intake pipe and is in communication with the inside of the air intake pipe. A compression spring is installed on the inner top of the mounting sleeve, and a limiting bead is installed at the bottom end of the compression spring. A slot that mates with the limiting bead is provided on the outer side of the filter plate.

[0015] Preferably, the filter plate has a sealing ring on the outside, and the sealing ring fits against the inner wall of the air intake pipe.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention provides a multi-winding tiered filtering anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactor. By placing a rectangular heat sink frame on the iron core and located outside the coil, and combining it with a cooling fan and exhaust pipe to form a heat dissipation system, the heat sink frame is placed outside the coil and connected to the exhaust pipe, allowing the cooling air to directly enter the cavity of the rectangular heat sink frame. The air then acts directionally on different winding coils through the air slots. This can specifically solve the problem of concentrated heat generation in low-frequency large-section windings and high-frequency dense windings, avoiding the defects of passive heat dissipation that cannot conduct heat quickly. It effectively suppresses the sudden rise in winding temperature, delays the aging of the insulation layer and the peeling of the enamel film of the enameled wire, and reduces the risk of inter-turn short circuit faults from the root. By setting partitions between rectangular heat dissipation frames, the coils can be separated from each other. The temperature sensing mechanism, consisting of a hollow tube at the top of the rectangular heat dissipation frame, a support tube, a spiral bimetallic strip, a mounting rod, a pointer, an indicator color plate, and a heat-conducting plate, utilizes the thermal deformation characteristics of the spiral bimetallic strip in conjunction with the heat-conducting plate, pointer, and indicator color plate to independently monitor the temperature of the outer side of a single coil group. It can intuitively provide feedback on the temperature fluctuations of a single group or a part of the winding. When the winding experiences a local short circuit or abnormal Joule heating due to insulation damage, it can provide early warning, preventing the fault from developing into a complete failure before it is discovered. This reduces equipment downtime and damage to sensitive loads, and lowers maintenance costs and safety risks. By incorporating a baffle plate, connecting rod, and translation component within the cavity of a rectangular heat sink, an opening adjustment mechanism allows for adjustment of the opening's degree during use. The translation component consists of an adjusting rod, an eccentric wheel, and a sliding groove. The adjusting rod is fixed to the top of a spiral bimetallic strip and works in conjunction with a temperature sensing mechanism. It automatically adjusts the opening degree based on the external temperature of the coil. When the winding temperature rises, the opening automatically widens to increase airflow; when the temperature decreases, the opening narrows. This ensures efficient cooling under high loads while avoiding energy waste under low loads, achieving intelligent dynamic optimization of heat dissipation efficiency. By incorporating a self-cleaning mechanism consisting of a rotating rod, brush plate, limit ring, return spring, crossbar, strip groove, spiral rod, mounting sleeve, compression spring, limit bead, and slot inside the intake pipe, the system can automatically initiate cleaning when the filter plate becomes clogged due to dust. When the filter plate becomes clogged, increasing airflow resistance, the mechanism drives the brush plate to clean the filter plate through mechanical linkage. This eliminates the need for manual disassembly and maintenance, ensuring that the intake channel remains unobstructed and preventing reduced heat dissipation and cooling effect caused by filter plate clogging. This guarantees the long-term stable operation of the cooling system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view of a reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the multi-winding tiered filtering electromagnetic interference filtering reactor of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a heat dissipation component diagram of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding hierarchical filtering according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a front view of a rectangular heat sink frame in a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding hierarchical filtering according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a rectangular heat sink frame in a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the cooling fan and exhaust pipe of a preferred embodiment of the multi-winding tiered filtering anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactor of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the temperature sensing mechanism in a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding cascaded filtering according to the present invention. Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the intake pipe of a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding hierarchical filtering according to the present invention. Figure 8 This is a structural diagram of a filter plate in a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to the present invention. Figure 9This is a preferred embodiment of an electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to the present invention. Figure 7 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Iron core; 2. Coil; 3. Rectangular heat sink; 4. Cavity; 5. Air slot; 6. Partition plate; 7. Temperature sensing mechanism; 701. Hollow tube; 702. Support tube; 703. Spiral bimetallic strip; 704. Mounting rod; 705. Pointer; 706. Indicator color plate; 707. Heat-conducting plate; 8. Cooling fan; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. First port; 11. Second port; 12. Inlet adjustment mechanism; 1201. Cover plate; 1202. Connecting rod; 1203, Translation assembly; 12031, Adjusting rod; 12032, Eccentric wheel; 12033, Slide groove; 13. Intake pipe; 14. Filter plate; 15. Self-cleaning mechanism; 1501. Rotating rod; 1502. Brush plate; 1503. Limiting ring; 1504. Return spring; 1505. Crossbar; 1506. Strip groove; 1507. Spiral rod; 1508. Mounting sleeve; 1509. Compression spring; 1510. Limiting bead; 1511. Slot. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To enable those skilled in the art to more clearly understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0020] Example 1: As Figures 1-9 As shown, this embodiment provides an anti-electromagnetic interference filter reactor with multi-winding hierarchical filtering, including an iron core 1 and multiple coils 2 wound on the outside of the iron core 1. A rectangular heat sink 3 is sleeved on the outside of the iron core 1, and the rectangular heat sink 3 is located at the bottom of the multiple coils 2 respectively. A cavity 4 is opened inside the rectangular heat sink 3, and an air groove 5 communicating with the cavity 4 is opened on the outside of the top of the rectangular heat sink 3. A cooling fan 8 is installed at one end of the bottom of the iron core 1. An exhaust pipe 9 is installed at the exhaust end of the cooling fan 8. The exhaust pipe 9 is located below the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3. A first opening 10 is evenly opened at the top of the exhaust pipe 9 along the length direction. The exhaust pipe 9 communicates with the interior of the cavity 4 through the first opening 10. A second opening 11 that cooperates with the first opening 10 is opened at the bottom of the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3. An opening adjustment mechanism 12 for controlling the opening degree of the second opening 11 is provided inside the second opening 11. Each coil 2 is vertically separated by a partition 6, and the bottom of the partition 6 is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe 9. The top of the rectangular heat sink 3 is equipped with a temperature sensing mechanism 7 for monitoring the surface temperature of the coil 2. The cooling fan 8 has an air inlet pipe 13 at its input end. A filter plate 14 is installed inside the air inlet pipe 13. A self-cleaning mechanism 15 is installed inside the air inlet pipe 13 to clean impurities from the surface of the filter plate 14.

[0021] Overall working principle: When the reactor is working, multiple coils 2 will generate heat due to electromagnetic induction. The iron core 1, as the magnetic circuit carrier, will also generate a certain amount of heat. At this time, the cooling fan 8 is started. Outside air enters through the air inlet pipe 13 and first passes through the filter plate 14 to filter impurities in the air, so as to prevent impurities from entering the subsequent heat dissipation channel and affecting the heat dissipation effect or damaging the components. The filtered clean air enters the cooling fan 8 and is pressurized by the cooling fan 8 before being sent to the exhaust pipe 9.

[0022] The first opening 10, which is evenly opened along the length of the top of the exhaust pipe 9, is aligned with the second opening 11 opened at the bottom of the rectangular heat sink 3. Air enters the cavity 4 inside the rectangular heat sink 3 through the first opening 10 and the second opening 11. The rectangular heat sink 3 is fitted on the outside of the iron core 1 and located at the bottom of the multiple coils 2. The air in the cavity 4 is finally discharged through the air groove 5 opened on the outside of the top of the rectangular heat sink 3. The discharged airflow acts directionally on the surface of the multiple coils 2, quickly carrying away the heat generated by the coils 2, and achieving targeted heat dissipation.

[0023] Meanwhile, the vertically arranged partition 6 between the coils 2 can separate the coils 2 with different windings, preventing heat transfer and superposition between the coils 2 and further optimizing the heat dissipation effect. The temperature sensing mechanism 7 at the top of the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3 monitors the surface temperature of the coils 2 in real time, providing a basis for subsequent heat dissipation intensity adjustment. The self-cleaning mechanism 15 inside the air intake pipe 13 will automatically start when there is a lot of impurities on the surface of the filter plate 14, cleaning the impurities to ensure that the air intake channel is unobstructed and to ensure the continuous and stable operation of the heat dissipation system.

[0024] Example 2: The solution in Example 1 will be further described below with reference to its specific working method. See the description below for details: In this embodiment, the temperature sensing mechanism 7 includes a hollow tube 701, a support tube 702, a spiral bimetallic strip 703, a mounting rod 704, a pointer 705, a color indicator 706, and a heat-conducting plate 707. The support tube 702 is vertically fixed to the top of the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3. The hollow tube 701 is fixed to the top of the support tube 702. The spiral bimetallic strip 703 is fixed to the inner bottom end of the hollow tube 701. The mounting rod 704 is installed on the movable end of the top of the spiral bimetallic strip 703. The top of the mounting rod 704 extends to the outside of the hollow tube 701 and is rotatably connected to the hollow tube 701. The pointer 705 is fixed to the top of the mounting rod 704. The color indicator 706 is evenly arranged in a ring array at the top of the hollow tube 701. The heat-conducting plate 707 is evenly arranged on the outside of the hollow tube 701, and the bottom end of the heat-conducting plate 707 is connected to the fixed end of the spiral bimetallic strip 703.

[0025] Local working principle: When coil 2 heats up, the heat is transferred to the temperature sensing mechanism 7 at the top of the rectangular heat sink 3. In the temperature sensing mechanism 7, heat-conducting plates 707, evenly distributed on the outside of the hollow tube 701, directly contact the air surrounding coil 2, quickly absorbing the heat transferred from coil 2 and conducting it to the spiral bimetallic strip 703 fixed at the bottom of the hollow tube 701. The spiral bimetallic strip 703 undergoes torsional deformation. The mounting rod 704, installed at the movable end of the top of the spiral bimetallic strip 703, rotates synchronously with the deformation. The top of the mounting rod 704 extends to the outside of the hollow tube 701 and is fixed with a pointer 705. Therefore, the pointer 705 rotates with the mounting rod 704, pointing to different areas on the indicator color plate 706 arranged in a ring array at the top of the hollow tube 701. Operators can visually determine whether the surface temperature of coil 2 is within the normal range by observing the color of the indicator color plate 706 corresponding to the pointer 705, thus achieving independent monitoring and visual feedback of the temperature of a single coil 2.

[0026] In this embodiment, the port adjustment mechanism 12 includes a cover plate 1201, a connecting rod 1202, and a translation component 1203. The cover plate 1201 is horizontally slidably disposed at both ends of the bottom of the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3, and the cover plate 1201 covers the top of the second port 11. A connecting rod 1202 is fixed between the two sets of cover plates 1201. The cavity 4 is provided with a translation component 1203 for synchronously controlling the horizontal sliding of the two sets of cover plates 1201.

[0027] Local working principle: In the initial state, the cover plate 1201 will block the second port 11 to a certain extent and is not in a fully exposed state. When the heat generated by the coil 2 increases, the sliding of the cover plate 1201 is controlled by the translation component 1203 to adjust the opening of the second port 11 to accelerate heat dissipation. After heat dissipation, the cover plate 1201 is reset.

[0028] In this embodiment, the translation component 1203 includes an adjusting rod 12031, an eccentric wheel 12032, and a sliding groove 12033. The adjusting rod 12031 is fixed to the movable end of the spiral bimetallic strip 703, and the adjusting rod 12031 passes through the interior of the support tube 702 and extends into the cavity 4. A sliding groove 12033 is provided on the cover plate 1201 at the bottom of the adjusting rod 12031. An eccentric wheel 12032 is fixed at the bottom end of the adjusting rod 12031, and the eccentric wheel 12032 rotates and slides inside the sliding groove 12033.

[0029] Local working principle: When the temperature of coil 2 rises, the torsional deformation of the spiral bimetallic strip 703 of the temperature sensing mechanism 7 increases, driving the adjusting rod 12031 in the translation component 1203 fixed thereto to rotate synchronously. The eccentric wheel 12032 fixed at the bottom of the adjusting rod 12031 rotates and slides within the groove 12033 opened on the cover plate 1201. Due to the eccentric characteristic of the eccentric wheel 12032, it will push the cover plate 1201 to slide horizontally during rotation. The two sets of cover plates 1201 are fixed together by the connecting rod 1202, so the two sets of cover plates 1201 move in sync. The steps slide away from each other, gradually reducing the coverage area of ​​the second opening 11, that is, increasing the opening of the second opening 11, allowing more air to enter the cavity 4 through the second opening 11, improving the heat dissipation airflow and heat dissipation efficiency; when the temperature of the coil 2 decreases, the spiral bimetallic strip 703 recovers its deformation, driving the adjusting rod 12031 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the eccentric wheel 12032 pushes the baffle 1201 in the opposite direction, and the two sets of baffles 1201 move closer to each other, increasing the coverage area of ​​the second opening 11, reducing the opening of the second opening 11, reducing the air intake, and avoiding energy waste.

[0030] In this embodiment, the spiral bimetallic strip 703 is made of a composite of a copper-nickel alloy layer and an iron-nickel alloy layer. The copper-nickel alloy layer is located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip 703 closest to the heat-conducting plate 707, and the iron-nickel alloy layer is located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip 703 furthest from the heat-conducting plate 707.

[0031] Local working principle: The copper-nickel alloy layer and the iron-nickel alloy layer have different coefficients of thermal expansion. After being heated, the two expand differently, causing the spiral bimetallic strip 703 to undergo torsional deformation.

[0032] In this embodiment, the iron core 1 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the multiple coils 2 include low-frequency windings, medium-frequency windings and high-frequency windings.

[0033] Local working principle: Silicon steel sheets have the characteristics of low hysteresis loss and low eddy current loss, which can effectively reduce the heat generation of iron core 1 during magnetic circuit operation and reduce energy loss. Different windings are respectively used to suppress low frequency harmonics, medium frequency switching noise and high frequency radiation interference. Through graded filtering, common mode and differential mode interference are specifically blocked from being transmitted in the power system, ensuring the stable operation of sensitive equipment.

[0034] In this embodiment, the self-cleaning mechanism 15 includes a rotating rod 1501, a brush plate 1502, and a rotating assembly. The filter plate 14 slides along the length of the air intake pipe 13. The rotating rod 1501 is rotatably mounted at the middle position of the filter plate 14. One end of the rotating rod 1501 is fixed with a brush plate 1502 that fits against the outside of the filter plate 14. The air intake pipe 13 is provided with a rotating assembly that drives the rotating rod 1501 to rotate.

[0035] Local working principle: When a lot of impurities accumulate on the surface of the filter plate 14, the rotating component is automatically started, and the brush plate 1502 on the control rod 1501 slides against the surface of the filter plate 14 to sweep off the impurities on the surface of the filter plate 14, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the filter plate 14.

[0036] In this embodiment, the rotating assembly includes a limiting ring 1503, a return spring 1504, a crossbar 1505, a strip groove 1506, a spiral rod 1507, and a pressure release component. The limiting ring 1503 is fixed inside the air intake pipe 13. A return spring 1504 is provided between the limiting ring 1503 and the filter plate 14. A crossbar 1505 is vertically fixed inside the limiting ring 1503. A strip groove 1506 is provided on the crossbar 1505. A spiral rod 1507 is fixed to the end of the rotating rod 1501. The spiral rod 1507 passes through the inside of the strip groove 1506. A pressure release component is provided at the top of the air intake pipe 13.

[0037] Local working principle: When a large amount of impurities accumulate on the surface of the filter plate 14, the air intake resistance of the air intake pipe 13 increases. The pressure of the airflow on the filter plate 14 exceeds the limiting force of the pressure release component, releasing the limiting force on the filter plate 14. At this time, the airflow pushes the filter plate 14 to slide along the length of the air intake pipe 13 towards the limiting ring 1503, compressing the return spring 1504 between the limiting ring 1503 and the filter plate 14. The rotating rod 1501, which is rotatably installed at the middle position of the filter plate 14, has a helical rod 1507 fixed at its end that passes through the vertically fixed horizontal rod inside the limiting ring 1503. The strip groove 1506 opened on the rod 1505 causes the rotating rod 1501 and the spiral rod 1507 to move synchronously when the filter plate 14 slides. During the movement of the spiral rod 1507 in the strip groove 1506, it rotates due to the interaction between the spiral structure and the wall of the strip groove 1506, which in turn drives the rotating rod 1501 to rotate. The brush plate 1502 rotates with the rotating rod 1501 to clean the impurities accumulated on the surface of the filter plate 14. After the impurities are cleaned, the air intake resistance of the air intake pipe 13 decreases, the return spring 1504 returns to its deformation, and pushes the filter plate 14 to slide back to its original position.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pressure relief component includes a mounting sleeve 1508, a compression spring 1509, a limiting bead 1510, and a slot 1511. The mounting sleeve 1508 is fixed to the top of the air intake pipe 13 and is in communication with the interior of the air intake pipe 13. The compression spring 1509 is installed on the inner top of the mounting sleeve 1508, and the limiting bead 1510 is installed on the bottom end of the compression spring 1509. The outer side of the filter plate 14 is provided with a slot 1511 that cooperates with the limiting bead 1510.

[0039] Local working principle: When the pressure of the airflow on the filter plate 14 exceeds the limiting force of the pressure release component, the compression spring 1509 at the top of the mounting sleeve 1508 in the pressure release component is compressed, which drives the limiting bead 1510 to move upward and disengage from the slot 1511 opened on the outside of the filter plate 14, thus releasing the limitation on the filter plate 14. After cleaning, when the air intake resistance decreases, the limiting bead 1510 is re-engaged into the slot 1511 under the action of the compression spring 1509, completing the self-cleaning and restoring the normal air intake state.

[0040] In this embodiment, a sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the filter plate 14, and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the air inlet pipe 13.

[0041] Local working principle: It can prevent unfiltered air from entering through the gap between the filter plate 14 and the air inlet pipe 13, thus ensuring the filtration effect.

[0042] Example 3: The solutions in Examples 1 and 2 will be further described below with reference to their specific working methods. See the description below for details: After the reactor is put into operation, multiple coils 2 generate electromagnetic induction under the action of current, realizing graded filtering to block electromagnetic interference of different frequencies. During this process, coils 2 and iron core 1 will continuously heat up.

[0043] First, the temperature sensing mechanism 7 monitors the temperature of the coil 2 in real time. The heat-conducting plate 707 absorbs the heat from the coil 2 and conducts it to the spiral bimetallic strip 703. Due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the two metals, the spiral bimetallic strip 703 undergoes torsional deformation, which drives the mounting rod 704 and the pointer 705 to rotate. The temperature is then visually fed back through the indicator color plate 706.

[0044] Secondly, the inlet adjustment mechanism 12 automatically adjusts the heat dissipation air volume according to the temperature. The deformation of the spiral bimetallic strip 703 drives the adjustment rod 12031 to rotate, causing the eccentric wheel 12032 to slide in the slide groove 12033, pushing the baffle 1201 to adjust the opening of the second inlet 11. When the temperature rises, the opening increases, and when the temperature drops, the opening decreases, so as to achieve dynamic matching of heat dissipation intensity.

[0045] Then, the heat dissipation system continues to run, the heat dissipation fan 8 starts, outside air enters through the air inlet pipe 13, after the filter plate 14 filters impurities, the air enters the cavity 4 of the rectangular heat dissipation frame 3 through the exhaust pipe 9, the first port 10, and the second port 11, and finally exits from the air slot 5 and acts on the coil 2, quickly carrying away the heat. The partition plate 6 separates each group of coils 2 to avoid heat accumulation.

[0046] Finally, the self-cleaning mechanism 15 ensures smooth air intake. When impurities accumulate on the filter plate 14, causing increased air intake resistance, the limit bead 1510 disengages from the slot 1511, and the filter plate 14 slides, driving the spiral rod 1507 to rotate. This causes the rotating rod 1501 and the brush plate 1502 to rotate and clean the impurities. After cleaning, the filter plate 14 is reset under the action of the reset spring 1504, ensuring long-term stable operation of the heat dissipation system. Overall, the reactor achieves efficient filtering and reliable heat dissipation in synergy.

[0047] The above description is merely a further embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-winding, tiered filtering electromagnetic interference filtering reactor, comprising an iron core (1) and multiple coils (2) wound around the outside of the iron core (1), characterized in that: A rectangular heat sink (3) is fitted on the outside of the iron core (1), and the rectangular heat sink (3) is located at the bottom of multiple coils (2). A cavity (4) is opened inside the rectangular heat sink (3), and an air groove (5) that communicates with the cavity (4) is opened on the outside of the top of the rectangular heat sink (3). A cooling fan (8) is installed at one end of the bottom of the iron core (1). An exhaust pipe (9) is installed at the exhaust end of the cooling fan (8). The exhaust pipe (9) is located below the rectangular heat sink frame (3). A first opening (10) is evenly opened at the top of the exhaust pipe (9) along the length direction. The exhaust pipe (9) is connected to the inside of the cavity (4) through the first opening (10). A second opening (11) that cooperates with the first opening (10) is opened at the bottom of the rectangular heat sink frame (3). An opening adjustment mechanism (12) for controlling the opening degree of the second opening (11) is provided inside the second opening (11). A partition (6) is vertically installed between the coils (2), and the bottom end of the partition (6) is fixedly connected to the exhaust pipe (9). The top of the rectangular heat sink (3) is equipped with a temperature sensing mechanism (7) for monitoring the surface temperature of the coils (2). The input end of the cooling fan (8) is provided with an air inlet pipe (13), and a filter plate (14) is installed inside the air inlet pipe (13). A self-cleaning mechanism (15) is provided inside the air inlet pipe (13) for cleaning impurities on the surface of the filter plate (14).

2. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensing mechanism (7) includes a hollow tube (701), a support tube (702), a spiral bimetallic strip (703), a mounting rod (704), a pointer (705), a color indicator plate (706), and a heat-conducting plate (707). The support tube (702) is vertically fixed to the top of the rectangular heat sink (3). The hollow tube (701) is fixed to the top of the support tube (702). The spiral bimetallic strip (703) is fixed to the inner bottom end of the hollow tube (701). The top of the spiral bimetallic strip (703) is... The movable end is equipped with an installation rod (704), the top of the installation rod (704) extends to the outside of the hollow tube (701) and is rotatably connected to the hollow tube (701). The top of the installation rod (704) is fixed with a pointer (705). The top of the hollow tube (701) is uniformly provided with indicator color plates (706) in a ring array. The outer side of the hollow tube (701) is uniformly provided with heat-conducting plates (707), and the bottom end of the heat-conducting plates (707) is connected to the fixed end of the spiral bimetallic strip (703).

3. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The port adjustment mechanism (12) includes a baffle (1201), a connecting rod (1202), and a translation component (1203). The baffle (1201) is horizontally slidably disposed at both ends of the bottom of the rectangular heat sink frame (3), and the baffle (1201) covers the top of the second port (11). A connecting rod (1202) is fixed between the two sets of baffles (1201). The cavity (4) is provided with a translation component (1203) for synchronously controlling the horizontal sliding of the two sets of baffles (1201).

4. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The translation assembly (1203) includes an adjusting rod (12031), an eccentric wheel (12032), and a sliding groove (12033). The adjusting rod (12031) is fixed to the movable end of the spiral bimetallic strip (703), and the adjusting rod (12031) passes through the interior of the support tube (702) and extends into the cavity (4). A sliding groove (12033) is provided on the cover plate (1201) at the bottom of the adjusting rod (12031). An eccentric wheel (12032) is fixed at the bottom end of the adjusting rod (12031), and the eccentric wheel (12032) rotates and slides inside the sliding groove (12033).

5. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spiral bimetallic strip (703) is made of a copper-nickel alloy layer and an iron-nickel alloy layer. The copper-nickel alloy layer is located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip (703) close to the heat-conducting plate (707), and the iron-nickel alloy layer is located on the side of the spiral bimetallic strip (703) away from the heat-conducting plate (707).

6. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core (1) is made of laminated silicon steel sheets, and the multiple coils (2) include low-frequency winding, medium-frequency winding and high-frequency winding.

7. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-cleaning mechanism (15) includes a rotating rod (1501), a brush plate (1502) and a rotating assembly. The filter plate (14) slides along the length of the air inlet pipe (13). The rotating rod (1501) is rotatably installed at the middle position of the filter plate (14). One end of the rotating rod (1501) is fixed with a brush plate (1502) that fits against the outside of the filter plate (14). The air inlet pipe (13) is provided with a rotating assembly that drives the rotating rod (1501) to rotate.

8. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating assembly includes a limiting ring (1503), a return spring (1504), a crossbar (1505), a strip groove (1506), a screw rod (1507), and a pressure release component. The limiting ring (1503) is fixed inside the air intake pipe (13). A return spring (1504) is provided between the limiting ring (1503) and the filter plate (14). A crossbar (1505) is vertically fixed inside the limiting ring (1503). A strip groove (1506) is provided on the crossbar (1505). A screw rod (1507) is fixed at the end of the rotating rod (1501). The screw rod (1507) passes through the inside of the strip groove (1506). A pressure release component is provided at the top of the air intake pipe (13).

9. The electromagnetic interference filtering reactor with multi-winding tiered filtering according to claim 8, characterized in that: The pressure relief component includes a mounting sleeve (1508), a compression spring (1509), a limiting bead (1510), and a slot (1511). The mounting sleeve (1508) is fixed to the top of the air intake pipe (13). The mounting sleeve (1508) is in communication with the interior of the air intake pipe (13). The compression spring (1509) is installed on the inner top of the mounting sleeve (1508). The limiting bead (1510) is installed on the bottom end of the compression spring (1509). A slot (1511) that mates with the limiting bead (1510) is provided on the outer side of the filter plate (14).

10. A multi-winding tiered filtering electromagnetic interference suppression reactor according to any one of claims 7-9, characterized in that: A sealing ring is provided on the outer side of the filter plate (14), and the sealing ring is in contact with the inner wall of the air inlet pipe (13).

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