Tensile friction pendulum seismic mitigation and isolation support

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of bridge and building structures, and particularly relates to a tensile friction pendulum seismic mitigation and isolation support which comprises an upper structure, a lower structure and a lower structure. The middle structure consists of an upper seat plate, a tensile limiting check ring, a spherical crown lining plate and a lower lining plate; and the lower structure consists of a lower support plate and two lower support plate tensile plates. The bottom end of the upper base plate is spherically hinged to the lower lining plate through the spherical crown lining plate, and the tensile limiting check ring is sleeved in the middle of the upper base plate, matched with the bottom of the upper base plate in a limiting mode and fixed to the lower lining plate. The upper structure is in sliding and vertical limiting fit with the top of the upper base plate, the lower structure is in sliding and vertical limiting fit with the bottom of the lower lining plate, and the sliding directions of the upper structure and the lower structure are spatially perpendicular. According to the structure, through peripheral distributed tensile and curved surface contact design, quantification of pressure, tensile force, horizontal displacement and rotation functions is achieved, meanwhile, single-point failure is effectively avoided, stress distribution is improved, and overall coordination and durability are improved.

Description

A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of bridge and building structure technology, and particularly relates to a tensile-resistant friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering structures such as bridges and large buildings, bearings are key force-transmitting components connecting the superstructure (such as beams and floors) and the substructure (such as piers and foundations), and their performance directly affects the stability and safety of the structure. Traditional bearings are mainly designed to withstand vertical pressure and horizontal shear force. However, under extreme loads such as earthquakes and strong winds, the structure will experience a significant uplift effect (i.e., tension). To address this, friction pendulum bearings with tensile strength have emerged. By integrating tensile-resistant devices into traditional friction pendulum bearings, the bearings can effectively transmit uplift forces while simultaneously sliding and rotating horizontally to dissipate seismic energy, preventing separation of the upper and lower structures and ensuring overall safety.

[0003] However, most current mainstream tensile friction pendulum bearings adopt a structure with a single slender tensile rod (or tensile pin) at the center of the bearing. This existing technology has revealed several inherent defects in practical engineering applications: First, poor functional reliability and the risk of "single-point failure." The entire tensile force is borne by the central single rod, leading to high stress concentration at the root of the rod and threaded connections. Under repeated or ultimate tensile forces, brittle fracture is likely to occur. Once fractured, the bearing completely loses its tensile capacity, threatening structural safety. Second, performance is difficult to quantify and stably control. Many existing products can only achieve qualitative functions in key mechanical indicators such as tensile stiffness, friction coefficient, and post-buckling stiffness, making precise quantitative design, testing, and calibration impossible, and failing to meet the precise performance requirements of modern engineering. Third, insufficient structural coordination and durability. The central tension member may restrict the free rotation range of the support, or even cause it to "pull out" and get stuck; at the same time, the sliding and rotation functions are often concentrated at one end of the support, resulting in a "top-heavy" structure with poor stability; the tension member being located in the core also weakens the local bearing capacity of the concrete in contact with it, increasing the cost of the foundation.

[0004] Therefore, the aforementioned defects limit the reliable application of tensile friction pendulum bearings in high-standard, heavy-load engineering projects. Thus, there is an urgent need for a tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tensile-resistant friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: a tensile friction pendulum vibration damping and isolation bearing, comprising: an upper structure consisting of an upper support plate and two upper support plate tensile plates; a middle structure consisting of an upper support plate, a tensile limiting ring, a spherical crown liner, and a lower liner; and a lower structure consisting of a lower support plate and two lower support plate tensile plates; wherein, in the middle structure, the bottom end of the upper support plate is spherically hinged to the lower liner through the spherical crown liner, and the tensile limiting ring is sleeved on the middle of the upper support plate, the upper support plate and the bottom of the tensile limiting ring are in a limiting fit, and the tensile limiting ring is fixed to the lower liner; the upper structure and the upper support plate are in a sliding fit and a vertical limiting fit at the top; the lower structure and the lower liner are in a sliding fit and a vertical limiting fit at the bottom; the sliding direction of the upper structure is spatially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the lower structure.

[0007] Optionally, two upper support plate tensile plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper support plate, and the upper support plate tensile plates cooperate with the upper support plate to form a first slide rail for sliding the edge of the upper support plate; the first slide rail causes the top of the upper support plate to be vertically limited to the upper support plate; and the bottom of the upper support plate contacts the top of the upper support plate to form a first sliding surface.

[0008] Optionally, the first sliding surface is an arc surface, and the first slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the first sliding surface.

[0009] Optionally, the first sliding surface is provided with an upper curved sliding plate, and the bottom of the upper support plate and the top of the upper seat plate are slidably engaged by the upper curved sliding plate.

[0010] Optionally, the two lower support plate tensile plates are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the lower support plate, and the lower support plate tensile plates cooperate with the lower support plate to form a second slide rail for sliding the edge of the lower liner plate; the second slide rail causes the bottom of the lower liner plate to be vertically limited to the top of the lower support plate; and the top of the lower support plate contacts the bottom of the lower liner plate to form a second sliding surface.

[0011] Optionally, the second sliding surface is an arc surface, and the second slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the second sliding surface.

[0012] Optionally, a lower curved sliding plate is provided at the second sliding surface, and the bottom of the lower liner plate and the top of the lower support plate are slidably engaged by the lower curved sliding plate.

[0013] The bottom of the lower liner has a groove for fixing the lower curved slide plate.

[0014] Optionally, the upper seat plate includes a connecting block and a tensile block coaxially fixed. The connecting block has a groove for fixing the upper curved slide plate, and the edge of the connecting block has a slide bar that matches the first slide rail. The tensile block has a conical structure. The small diameter end of the tensile block is coaxially fixed with the connecting block, and the large diameter end of the tensile block forms a spherical hinge with the spherical crown liner. The side wall of the tensile block has an arc, and the tensile block is vertically limited and matched with the tensile limiting ring. The side wall of the tensile block and the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring slide together to form a third sliding surface. The arc of the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring is adapted to the arc of the side wall of the tensile block.

[0015] Optionally, an intermediate sliding plate is provided between the large-diameter end of the tensile block and the spherical crown liner, and the intermediate sliding plate is fixed to the bottom of the tensile block.

[0016] Optionally, the upper support plate is fixed to the upper support plate tension plate, the lower support plate is fixed to the lower support plate tension plate, and the tension limiting ring is fixed to the lower liner plate by tension plate fixing bolts.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following advantages and technical effects: This support, by changing the tensile force borne by a single central member to multiple tensile members arranged around the periphery of the support, forms a redundant force transmission path, significantly improving the tensile reliability and overall safety of the support and eliminating the risk of single-point failure. The sliding and rotating structures distributed at the top and bottom separate functions, optimizing force flow and structural stability, and avoiding the problem of top-heavy design. The tensile contact surface adopts a concentric curved surface design, ensuring that the support maintains surface contact during rotation and tension, effectively reducing contact stress, avoiding stress concentration, and thus improving fatigue resistance and service life. This design allows for the precise design and verification of key performance parameters such as compressive stiffness, tensile stiffness, and friction coefficient of the support, meeting the quantitative requirements of engineering, while the structure is more coordinated and compact, enhancing its adaptability to complex load conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the upper support plate and the upper support plate tensile plate of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the lower support plate and the lower support plate tensile plate of the present invention. Schematic diagrams; Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the tensile plate structure of the lower support plate of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the tensile plate structure of the upper support plate of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the upper seat plate structure of the present invention; Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the lower liner plate and tensile limiting retaining ring structure of the present invention; Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the tensile limiting retaining ring structure of the present invention; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the lower liner plate structure of the present invention; wherein, 1, upper support plate; 2, upper curved sliding plate; 3, upper seat plate; 4, upper support plate tensile plate; 5, lower support plate tensile plate; 6, intermediate sliding plate; 7, tensile plate fixing bolt; 8, tensile limiting retaining ring; 9, spherical crown liner plate; 10, lower liner plate; 11, lower curved sliding plate; 12, lower support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Referring to Figures 1 to 4, this invention discloses a tensile friction pendulum vibration damping and isolation bearing, comprising: an upper structure consisting of an upper support plate 1 and two upper support plate tensile plates 4; a middle structure consisting of an upper support plate 3, a tensile limiting ring 8, a spherical crown liner 9, and a lower liner 10; and a lower structure consisting of a lower support plate 12 and two lower support plate tensile plates 5. In the middle structure, the bottom end of the upper support plate 3 is spherically hinged to the lower liner 10 via the spherical crown liner 9, and the tensile limiting ring 8 is sleeved on the middle of the upper support plate 3. The upper support plate 3 and the tensile limiting ring 8 are in a bottom limiting fit, and the tensile limiting ring 8 is fixed to the lower liner 10. The upper structure and the upper support plate 3 are in a sliding fit and a vertical limiting fit at the top; the lower structure and the lower liner 10 are in a sliding fit and a vertical limiting fit at the bottom. The sliding direction of the upper structure is spatially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the lower structure.

[0022] The superstructure consists of an upper support plate 1, an upper curved sliding plate 2, and an upper support plate tensile plate 4. The upper support plate 1 is used to connect the superstructure or bridge structure, the upper curved sliding plate 2 provides a sliding interface, and the upper support plate tensile plate 4 participates in tensile resistance through an overlapping method.

[0023] The intermediate tensile structure consists of an upper base plate 3, a lower liner plate 10, and a tensile limiting retaining ring 8. The upper base plate 3 includes a base and a tensile structure, which overlaps with the tensile limiting retaining ring 8 to form a core tensile mechanism, used to limit vertical displacement and withstand tensile forces.

[0024] The lower structure consists of a lower support plate 12, a lower curved sliding plate 11, and a lower support plate tensile plate 5. The lower support plate 12 connects to the lower foundation structure, the lower curved sliding plate 11 provides another sliding surface, and the lower support plate tensile plate 5 participates in tensile resistance through overlap.

[0025] The upper seat plate 3 and the upper support plate 1 cooperate to form an upper tensile connection.

[0026] The upper seat plate 3 and the tensile limiting retaining ring 8 work together to provide the main tensile resistance.

[0027] The lower liner plate 10 and the lower support plate 12 work together to ensure the tensile strength of the lower part.

[0028] This support achieves compression, rotation, displacement, and tensile functions through the coordinated operation of the aforementioned structures. The principle is based on a friction pendulum mechanism, utilizing the sliding of the curved sliding plate and the constraint of the tensile members to absorb energy and maintain structural stability.

[0029] Specifically, when the support is subjected to vertical pressure (such as the structure's own weight or seismic pressure), the load is transferred to the upper curved sliding plate 2 through the upper support plate 1. The upper curved sliding plate 2 contacts the upper support plate 3, and the pressure is further distributed to the lower liner plate 10 and the lower curved sliding plate 11, and finally transferred to the substructure through the lower support plate 12. The curved surface design (such as a spherical or cylindrical surface) ensures uniform pressure distribution and reduces local stress, while the friction material (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) provides damping on the sliding plate surface, dissipating some energy. The tensile members remain relaxed under compression, without interfering with pressure transmission.

[0030] The rotation of the support is achieved through the relative sliding of the upper curved sliding plate 2 and the lower curved sliding plate 11. The curved sliding plate allows the support to rotate around an instantaneous center of rotation in the horizontal plane, but since the center of rotation is not at the overall center of the support (it may be offset to one side), this design can accommodate rotation caused by asymmetrical loads or temperature changes. The tensile limiting retaining ring 8 overlaps with the tensile structure of the upper seat plate, providing lateral restraint during rotation to prevent the sliding plate from detaching while ensuring smooth rotation. The offset of the center of rotation is compensated for by optimizing the curvature of the curved surface and the position of the tensile members, reducing uneven wear and torque accumulation.

[0031] Horizontal displacement (such as lateral movement caused by an earthquake) is absorbed by the sliding of the upper and lower curved sliding plates 11. The upper curved sliding plate 2 slides relative to the upper seat plate 3, and the lower curved sliding plate 11 slides relative to the lower liner plate 10, achieving multi-directional displacement. During displacement, the tensile members are restricted from excessive separation by overlapping, ensuring that the support can return to its original position after displacement. The amount of displacement is controlled by the radius of curvature of the curved sliding plates and the gap of the tensile limiting retaining ring 8 to avoid jamming or interference.

[0032] When the support is subjected to tensile forces (such as earthquakes or wind suction), the tensile members are activated. The upper tensile member (the base of the upper support plate 3 overlaps with the tensile plate of the upper support plate 1) prevents the upper part from separating; the middle tensile member (the tensile structure of the upper support plate 3 overlaps with the tensile limiting ring 8) serves as the core tensile component, providing rigid resistance through the limiting ring and bearing the main tensile force; the lower tensile member (the base of the lower liner plate 10 overlaps with the tensile plate of the lower support plate 12) prevents the lower part from separating. This distributed tensile design avoids the drawbacks of traditional single thin rods, improves tensile strength and reliability through multi-path force transmission, and reduces stress concentration.

[0033] Structurally, this bearing places the sliding function structure in the upper part and the rotation function structure in the lower part. The basic sliding and rotation functions of the bearing are achieved by independent structural units, with minimal difference in the external dimensions of the upper and lower structures. The tensile components are designed as curved surfaces, with the center of the curved surface concentric with the overall rotation center of the bearing. This ensures that when the bearing rotates while bearing vertical tensile forces, the tensile and compressive forces are contacted through curved surfaces, avoiding stress concentration damage caused by line contact and improving the overall service life of the bearing. The tensile force is shared by multiple tensile devices (such as tensile bolts and anchor bolt assemblies) arranged circumferentially. Even if a single component fails, the remaining components can still provide most or even all of the tensile force, significantly improving system reliability. This solves the "single-point failure" problem of traditional bearings. Because the tensile force is distributed across multiple components, the stress on each component is significantly reduced, greatly improving the fatigue performance of the structure and extending its service life. The peripheral tensile devices are typically designed to only bear axial tensile forces, providing minimal constraint or interference to the bearing's rotation (sway), ensuring the integrity of the seismic isolation function. This solves the problem of "limited rotational capacity" of traditional supports; by increasing the number and size of tensile members on the circumference, it is relatively easy to achieve higher total tensile bearing capacity and adapt to more demanding engineering requirements.

[0034] As an optional implementation, two upper support plate tensile plates 4 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper support plate 1. The upper support plate tensile plates 4 and the upper support plate 1 cooperate to form a first slide rail for sliding the edge of the upper plate 3. The first slide rail makes the top of the upper plate 3 vertically limit the engagement with the upper support plate 1. The bottom of the upper support plate 1 contacts the top of the upper plate 3 and forms a first sliding surface.

[0035] As an optional implementation, the first sliding surface is an arc surface, and the first slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the first sliding surface.

[0036] As an optional implementation, an upper curved sliding plate 2 is provided at the first sliding surface, and the bottom of the upper support plate 1 and the top of the upper support plate 3 are slidably engaged by the upper curved sliding plate 2.

[0037] Under compression and horizontal displacement conditions at the support, the vertical load is transmitted through the upper support plate 1. Its bottom slides relative to the first sliding surface (preferably an arc surface) formed by the upper curved sliding plate 2 and the top of the upper support plate 3, thereby achieving horizontal displacement. Two upper support plate tension plates 4, symmetrically fixed to both sides of the upper support plate 1, cooperate with the upper support plate 1 to form a first slide rail. The first slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the first sliding surface. This first slide rail guides and constrains the edge of the upper support plate 3, allowing it to slide smoothly along a predetermined arc path, while ensuring that the top of the upper support plate 3 and the upper support plate 1 always maintain a vertically limited fit.

[0038] When the support is subjected to vertical tension, this vertical limiting fit allows the upper support plate tension plate 4 to bear and transmit a portion of the upward pull through the limiting effect of the first slide rail. This, together with the upper support plate 3 and the tension limiting retaining ring 8, forms part of the peripheral distributed tension system, enhancing the tension redundancy. Simultaneously, the first sliding surface adopts an arc surface and is equipped with an upper curved sliding plate 2, significantly reducing sliding friction resistance, ensuring smooth sliding, and avoiding stress concentration caused by line contact, thereby jointly improving the durability and functional reliability of the support.

[0039] As an optional implementation, two lower support plate tensile plates 5 are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the lower support plate 12. The lower support plate tensile plates 5 and the lower support plate 12 cooperate to form a second slide rail for sliding the edge of the lower liner plate 10. The second slide rail makes the bottom of the lower liner plate 10 and the top of the lower support plate 12 vertically limit each other. The top of the lower support plate 12 contacts the bottom of the lower liner plate 10 and forms a second sliding surface.

[0040] As an optional implementation, the second sliding surface is an arc surface, and the second slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the second sliding surface.

[0041] As an optional implementation, a lower curved slide plate 11 is provided at the second sliding surface, and the bottom of the lower liner plate 10 and the top of the lower support plate 12 are slidably engaged by the lower curved slide plate 11.

[0042] The bottom of the lower liner plate 10 has a groove for fixing the lower curved slide plate 11.

[0043] Under normal compression and rotation conditions, the load is transmitted through the lower liner plate 10. Its bottom slides relative to the second sliding surface formed by the lower curved sliding plate 11 and the top of the lower support plate 12, thus achieving rotation. The lower support plate tension plates 5, symmetrically fixed to both sides of the lower support plate 12, cooperate with it to form a second slide rail, which guides the edge of the lower liner plate 10. The effects are: firstly, during compression and rotation, the cooperation between the curved second sliding surface and the lower curved sliding plate 11 ensures smooth rotation and optimizes force flow; secondly, when subjected to tension, the bottom of the lower liner plate 10 achieves vertical limiting cooperation with the lower support plate 12 through the second slide rail, making the lower support plate tension plate 5 part of the peripheral distributed tensile system and providing an auxiliary tensile path; thirdly, the groove at the bottom of the lower liner plate 10 fixes the lower curved sliding plate 11, ensuring the stability of the sliding interface and jointly improving the overall integrity and reliability of the structure.

[0044] As an optional implementation, the upper seat plate 3 includes a connecting block and a tensile block that are coaxially fixed. The connecting block has a groove for fixing the upper curved slide plate 2, and the edge of the connecting block has a slide bar that matches the first slide rail. The tensile block has a conical structure. The small diameter end of the tensile block is coaxially fixed with the connecting block, and the large diameter end of the tensile block forms a spherical hinge with the spherical crown liner plate 9. The side wall of the tensile block has an arc, and the tensile block is vertically limited and matched with the tensile limiting ring 8. The side wall of the tensile block and the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring 8 slide to form a third sliding surface. The arc of the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring 8 is adapted to the arc of the side wall of the tensile block.

[0045] As an optional implementation, an intermediate sliding plate 6 is provided between the large-diameter end of the tensile block and the spherical crown liner 9, and the intermediate sliding plate 6 is fixed to the bottom of the tensile block.

[0046] The upper plate 3 is constructed as a combination of a coaxially fixed connecting block and a conical tensile block. Under compression and horizontal displacement conditions, the connecting block slides within the first slide rail via its edge sliders, achieving displacement. When the support is subjected to vertical tension, the conical tensile block moves upward, and its sidewall engages vertically with the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring 8, thereby transmitting the tension to the lower structure through the tensile limiting ring 8, forming the core force transmission path of the peripheral distributed tensile resistance. Simultaneously, the sidewall of the tensile block and the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring 8 are both fitted with matching curvatures, forming a third sliding surface. This design ensures that when the support rotates under tension, the two surfaces are in curved contact and slide relative to each other.

[0047] Its technical advantage lies in effectively avoiding stress concentration and improving fatigue resistance by transforming possible line contact into surface contact; the design of the center of the curved surface and the center of rotation being concentric ensures that the transmission of tension and the rotation of the support do not interfere with each other, the rotation is smooth, and the overall functional coordination and durability are improved.

[0048] As an optional implementation, the upper support plate 1 and the upper support plate tensile plate 4, the lower support plate 12 and the lower support plate tensile plate 5, and the tensile limiting retaining ring 8 and the lower liner plate 10 are all fixed by tensile plate fixing bolts 7.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tensile-resistant friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing, characterized in that, include: An upper structure consisting of an upper support plate (1) and two upper support plate tensile plates (4); a middle structure consisting of an upper support plate (3), a tensile limiting retaining ring (8), a spherical crown liner (9), and a lower liner plate (10); and a lower structure consisting of a lower support plate (12) and two lower support plate tensile plates (5); wherein, in the middle structure, the bottom end of the upper support plate (3) is spherically hinged to the lower liner plate (10) through the spherical crown liner (9), and the tensile limiting retaining ring (8) is spherically hinged to the lower liner plate (10). 8) The upper seat plate (3) is fitted in the middle of the upper seat plate (3), and the upper seat plate (3) is matched with the bottom of the tensile limiting ring (8). The tensile limiting ring (8) is fixed to the lower liner plate (10). The upper structure is matched with the top of the upper seat plate (3) and is matched with the vertical limiting ring. The lower structure is matched with the bottom of the lower liner plate (10) and is matched with the vertical limiting ring. The sliding direction of the upper structure is spatially perpendicular to the sliding direction of the lower structure.

2. The tensile-resistant friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, Two upper support plate tensile plates (4) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the upper support plate (1). The upper support plate tensile plates (4) cooperate with the upper support plate (1) to form a first slide rail for sliding the edge of the upper support plate (3). The first slide rail makes the top of the upper support plate (3) vertically limit the cooperation with the upper support plate (1). The bottom of the upper support plate (1) contacts the top of the upper support plate (3) and forms a first sliding surface.

3. The tensile-resistant friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sliding surface is an arc surface, and the first slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the first sliding surface.

4. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first sliding surface is provided with an upper curved sliding plate (2), and the bottom of the upper support plate (1) and the top of the upper seat plate (3) are slidably engaged by the upper curved sliding plate (2).

5. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two lower support plate tensile plates (5) are symmetrically fixed on both sides of the lower support plate (12). The lower support plate tensile plates (5) and the lower support plate (12) cooperate to form a second slide rail for sliding the edge of the lower liner plate (10). The second slide rail makes the bottom of the lower liner plate (10) and the top of the lower support plate (12) vertically limit each other. The top of the lower support plate (12) contacts the bottom of the lower liner plate (10) and forms a second sliding surface.

6. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second sliding surface is an arc surface, and the second slide rail is an arc-shaped slide rail that matches the curvature of the second sliding surface.

7. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second sliding surface is provided with a lower curved sliding plate (11), and the bottom of the lower liner (10) and the top of the lower support plate (12) are slidably engaged by the lower curved sliding plate (11).

8. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper seat plate (3) includes a connecting block and a tensile block that are coaxially fixed. The connecting block has a groove for fixing the upper curved slide plate (2), and the edge of the connecting block has a slide bar that matches the first slide rail. The tensile block has a conical structure. The small diameter end of the tensile block is coaxially fixed with the connecting block, and the large diameter end of the tensile block forms a spherical hinge with the spherical crown liner (9). The side wall of the tensile block has an arc, and the tensile block is vertically limited to the tensile limiting ring (8). The side wall of the tensile block and the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring (8) slide to form a third sliding surface. The arc of the inner wall of the tensile limiting ring (8) is adapted to the arc of the side wall of the tensile block.

9. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, An intermediate sliding plate (6) is provided between the large-diameter end of the tensile block and the spherical crown liner (9), and the intermediate sliding plate (6) is fixed to the bottom of the tensile block.

10. A tensile friction pendulum seismic isolation bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper support plate (1) and the upper support plate tensile plate (4), the lower support plate (12) and the lower support plate tensile plate (5), and the tensile limiting retaining ring (8) and the lower liner plate (10) are all fixed by tensile plate fixing bolts (7).

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