Grouting method based on graphene cement-based material in deep underground space

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel grouting construction, in particular to a grouting method based on a graphene cement-based material in a deep underground space. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing graphene dispersion liquid; s2, taking the graphene dispersion liquid prepared in S1 as a raw material, and mixing cement and an additive to prepare a graphene cement-based grouting material; s3, grouting holes are formed in the to-be-grouted area of the tunnel, drilling operation is conducted, and grouting pipes matched with the grouting holes in size are installed; s4, a grouting pipeline is subjected to sealing detection, and the graphene cement-based grouting material prepared in the S2 is injected into a grouting hole through the grouting pipeline; and S5, the grouting process is monitored, the grouting quality is verified through a preset detection method after grouting is completed, and grouting is completed if preset requirements are met. According to the construction method, the graphene nanomaterial is innovatively applied to the field of traditional tunnel grouting, and the grouting process is improved. The method is mainly applied to the aspect of graphene cement-based material tunnel grouting.

Description

A grouting method based on graphene cement-based materials for deep underground spaces Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel grouting construction technology, and more specifically, to a grouting method based on graphene cement-based materials for deep underground spaces. Background Technology

[0002] When tunnel projects traverse complex geological sections such as active faults and fractured surrounding rock layers, they often face problems such as fractured rock mass, low strength, poor stability, and the risk of water seepage. Reinforcement grouting and anti-seepage grouting are necessary to ensure construction safety and operational stability, which places high demands on the fluidity, post-hydration strength, and anti-seepage performance of grouting materials. While conventional cement-based grouting materials can meet the basic grouting requirements, they have significant limitations in complex geological scenarios: insufficient fluidity of the grouting fluid leads to high grouting energy consumption; the strength and density of the cement stone after hydration are poor, making it difficult to fully fill rock fissures; and the reinforcement and anti-seepage effects of grouting are limited.

[0003] Graphene, as a nanomaterial with excellent comprehensive properties, has the potential to regulate cement hydration and fill microscopic voids, and is expected to synergistically improve the core performance of grouting materials. However, graphene nanomaterials are prone to agglomeration, and existing dispersion technologies are unable to achieve uniform dispersion of them in cement-based systems, which prevents them from fully realizing their performance advantages and limits their large-scale application in tunnel grouting projects. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this invention provides a grouting method based on graphene cement-based materials for deep underground spaces. This method innovatively applies graphene nanomaterials to the traditional tunnel grouting field, improving the grouting process and yielding significant social and industry benefits.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a grouting method based on graphene cement-based material for deep underground space, comprising the following steps: S1, preparing a graphene dispersion, wherein the graphene dispersion is a uniform dispersion system obtained by mixing graphene, dispersant and dispersion medium and then dispersing; S2: using the graphene dispersion obtained in S1 as raw material, mixing cement and additives to prepare a graphene cement-based grouting material, wherein the graphene cement-based grouting material is a composite material for grouting with preset fluidity and strength properties; S3: laying grouting holes and drilling operations in the area to be grouted in the tunnel, and installing grouting pipes adapted to the size of the grouting holes, wherein the grouting pipes are tubular components used to transport grouting materials; S4: performing a sealing test on the grouting pipeline, and injecting the graphene cement-based grouting material obtained in S2 into the grouting holes through the grouting pipes; S5: monitoring the grouting process, and verifying the grouting quality using a preset detection method after grouting is completed, and completing the grouting if the preset requirements are met.

[0006] The step S1 involves preparing a graphene dispersion, which includes selecting graphene, a dispersant that can inhibit graphene aggregation, and a clean dispersion medium; adding graphene, dispersant, and dispersion medium into a dispersion device according to a preset ratio; and dispersing the mixture using the dispersion device to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene dispersion.

[0007] The dispersion equipment is an ultrasonic atomizing dispersion device. The dispersion process includes starting the ultrasonic atomizing dispersion device to vibrate and disperse the mixed system; controlling the uniformity of the dispersion process to ensure that the graphene particles do not agglomerate; and collecting the graphene dispersion after dispersion is completed.

[0008] The preparation of graphene cement-based grouting material in step S2 includes introducing the graphene dispersion obtained in step S1 into a dedicated mixing device, which has the functions of mechanical mixing and ultrasonic vibration; adding cement and suitable admixtures according to a preset ratio; starting the mechanical mixing component and the ultrasonic vibration component; and mixing for a preset time to obtain a graphene cement-based grouting material with uniform mixing and the required fluidity.

[0009] The S3 step of laying and drilling grouting holes includes determining the location, distribution density, and preset hole depth of the grouting holes based on the geological conditions of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; setting up a stable drilling platform, fixing the drilling rig, and calibrating the drilling direction; starting the drilling rig to carry out drilling operations; and cleaning impurities and debris from the holes after drilling is completed.

[0010] The S4 grouting operation includes starting the grouting equipment, pressurizing and delivering the graphene cement-based grouting material to the grouting pipe; adjusting the grouting pressure according to preset rules to gradually reach the preset working range; monitoring the grouting volume of a single hole in real time, and stopping the grouting of that hole when the grouting volume reaches the preset design value.

[0011] The S5 grouting quality inspection includes: conducting qualification tests on graphene, cement, and dispersant raw materials before grouting; monitoring changes in grouting pressure and the condition of the construction working face in real time during grouting; and verifying the grouting effect by using corresponding non-destructive testing or sampling testing methods for different grouting parts of the tunnel after grouting is completed.

[0012] The method also includes environmental protection and safety control, including collecting waste materials, excess slurry and construction waste generated during construction; centrally treating the collected waste in a harmless manner to avoid environmental pollution; and having workers wear appropriate safety protection devices and setting up safety warning signs in the work area.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The introduction and efficient dispersion of graphene nanomaterials significantly improves the fluidity and pumpability of cement-based grouting materials. Simultaneously, the regulatory effect of graphene on the cement hydration process and its micro-void-filling effect significantly enhance the early and later compressive strength of the grout, thereby strengthening the surrounding rock reinforcement and seepage prevention. The use of ultrasonic atomization dispersion and mechanical-ultrasonic synergistic stirring effectively inhibits graphene agglomeration, achieving its uniform distribution in the cement matrix. This improves grout performance while reducing grouting resistance and pumping speed. This method improves energy efficiency and reduces grouting construction costs. The reinforcing effect of graphene allows for optimized grouting hole layout, reduced drilling quantity and grout volume while achieving the same or even higher reinforcement requirements, thus lowering material and construction costs and resulting in significant economic benefits. The grout has high strength and low permeability, effectively sealing rock fissures and blocking groundwater, enhancing the overall stability and durability of the tunnel structure. It is particularly suitable for reinforcement and seepage prevention in fault fracture zones and other adverse geological conditions. The use of clean, dispersed media and centralized waste disposal during construction minimizes environmental impact. This method innovatively applies graphene nanomaterials to the traditional field of tunnel grouting, enhancing the technological content of the grouting process and providing new material and process options for tunnel engineering under similar geological conditions, resulting in significant social and industry benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the construction process of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0016] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0017] A grouting method based on graphene cement-based materials for deep underground spaces includes the following steps: S1, preparing a graphene dispersion, which is a uniform dispersion system obtained by mixing graphene, a dispersant, and a dispersion medium and then dispersing them. Specifically, this includes: selecting graphene nanomaterials with excellent comprehensive performance, selecting a dispersant A that can effectively inhibit its agglomeration, and a clean dispersion medium, such as tap water or unpolluted water; according to a preset ratio, such as the ratio of graphene to dispersion medium being approximately 2 mg / ml, adding graphene, dispersant A, and dispersion medium into an industrial ultrasonic atomizer; starting the ultrasonic atomizer for ultrasonic dispersion, with a dispersion time of not less than 180 minutes, during which ultrasonic atomization technology is used to inhibit graphene agglomeration and ensure uniform dispersion; after dispersion is completed, the equipment is turned off to obtain a graphene dispersion with stable particle size and good dispersion effect.

[0018] S2: Using the graphene dispersion obtained in S1 as raw material, cement and admixtures are mixed to prepare a graphene cement-based grouting material. The graphene cement-based grouting material is a composite material for grouting with preset fluidity and strength properties. Specifically, it includes: introducing the graphene dispersion obtained in S1 into a special mixing device with mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration combined functions; accurately weighing cement and other admixtures according to the designed ratio and adding them to the mixing container; starting the mixing device, setting the mechanical stirring speed to 25 r / min, and simultaneously starting the ultrasonic vibrator to stir for no less than 5 minutes to fully mix the graphene dispersion and cement-based materials to form a graphene cement-based grouting material with good fluidity, uniformity, and no agglomeration.

[0019] S3: Lay out grouting holes and conduct drilling operations in the grouting area of ​​the tunnel, and install grouting pipes adapted to the size of the grouting holes. The grouting pipes are tubular components used to transport grouting materials. Specifically, this includes: determining the layout location, distribution density, and preset hole depth of the grouting holes according to the geological conditions of the surrounding rock of the tunnel and the grouting design requirements; setting up a stable drilling platform, fixing the drilling rig, and calibrating the drilling direction; starting the drilling rig to carry out drilling, and after achieving the designed hole requirements, cleaning the rock cuttings and impurities in the hole to ensure that the grouting channel is unobstructed.

[0020] S4: Perform a sealing test on the grouting pipeline. Inject the graphene cement-based grouting material prepared in S2 into the grouting hole through the grouting pipe. Specifically, this includes: installing and cleaning the grouting pipe, placing it into the grouting hole, and checking the sealing of the grouting pipeline; starting the grouting equipment and pressurizing and delivering the graphene cement-based grouting material to the grouting pipe; gradually adjusting the grouting pressure from low to high until the design pressure range is reached; monitoring the grouting volume of a single hole in real time, stopping grouting in that hole when the design grouting volume is reached, and recording the grouting parameters.

[0021] S5: Monitor the grouting process. After grouting is completed, verify the grouting quality using preset testing methods. Grouting is considered complete if the preset requirements are met. Specifically, this includes: conducting qualification tests on raw materials such as graphene, cement, and dispersant before grouting to ensure compliance with design and specification requirements; monitoring changes in grouting pressure in real time during grouting, observing the condition of the construction work surface, and adjusting grouting parameters in a timely manner; and after grouting is completed, using appropriate non-destructive testing or sampling testing methods according to the characteristics of different parts to verify the strength and impermeability of the grout body, ensuring that the project quality meets standards.

[0022] Preferably, step S1 involves preparing a graphene dispersion, including selecting graphene, a dispersant that inhibits graphene agglomeration, and a clean dispersion medium; adding the graphene, dispersant, and dispersion medium into a dispersion device according to a preset ratio; and dispersing the mixture using the dispersion device to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene dispersion. The dispersion device is an industrial ultrasonic atomizer, and the ultrasonic frequency must be controlled to be no less than 800 Hz and the dispersion time no less than 180 min during the dispersion process to ensure that the graphene particles are fully dispersed and do not agglomerate.

[0023] Preferably, step S2, preparing the graphene cement-based grouting material, includes introducing the graphene dispersion obtained in step S1 into a dedicated mixing device. This device has both mechanical stirring and ultrasonic vibration functions. Cement and suitable additives are added according to a preset ratio. The mechanical stirring component and the ultrasonic vibration component are then activated. The mixture is stirred for a preset time to obtain a uniformly mixed graphene cement-based grouting material with the required flowability. The mixing device should have a linkage structure between the ultrasonic vibrator and the mechanical blades. The stirring time should be no less than 5 minutes, and the rotation speed should preferably be controlled at 25 r / min to ensure material homogeneity and workability.

[0024] Preferably, S3 involves laying out and drilling grouting holes, including determining the location, density, and preset depth of the grouting holes based on the geological conditions of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; erecting a stable drilling platform, fixing the drilling rig, and calibrating the drilling direction; starting the drilling rig to perform drilling operations; and cleaning impurities and debris from the holes after drilling is completed. The drilling platform should be securely installed, anti-tipping measures should be taken during drilling operations, and the drilling process should meet the tunnel grouting design requirements.

[0025] Preferably, the S4 grouting operation includes starting the grouting equipment, pressurizing and delivering the graphene cement-based grouting material to the grouting pipe; adjusting the grouting pressure according to preset rules to gradually reach the preset working range; monitoring the grouting volume of a single hole in real time, and stopping grouting in that hole when the grouting volume reaches the preset design value. Pressure and flow data should be continuously recorded during the grouting process, and the surrounding rock reaction should be closely observed to prevent excessive pressure from causing disturbance to the surrounding rock.

[0026] Preferably, the S5 grouting quality inspection includes: conducting qualification tests on graphene, cement, and dispersant raw materials before grouting; real-time monitoring of grouting pressure changes and the condition of the construction face during grouting; and verifying the grouting effect by using corresponding non-destructive testing or sampling testing methods for different grouting parts of the tunnel after grouting is completed. Testing methods may include strength testing, permeability testing, etc., to ensure that the grout body meets design and durability requirements.

[0027] Preferably, the method also includes environmental and safety controls, including collecting waste materials, excess slurry, and construction debris generated during construction; centrally treating the collected waste in a harmless manner to avoid environmental pollution; ensuring that workers wear appropriate safety protective equipment and that safety warning signs are set up in the work area. Relevant safety regulations should be followed during the construction process.

[0028] The above description only illustrates the preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground spaces, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare a graphene dispersion, which is a uniform dispersion system obtained by mixing graphene, a dispersant, and a dispersion medium and then dispersing them; S2. Using the graphene dispersion prepared in S1 as raw material, mix cement and additives to prepare a graphene cement-based grouting material, which is a composite material for grouting with preset fluidity and strength properties; S3. Lay out grouting holes and perform drilling operations in the area to be grouted in the tunnel, and install grouting pipes adapted to the size of the grouting holes, which are tubular components used to transport grouting materials; S4. Perform a sealing test on the grouting pipeline, and inject the graphene cement-based grouting material prepared in S2 into the grouting holes through the grouting pipes; S5. Monitor the grouting process, and verify the grouting quality using a preset testing method after grouting is completed. If the preset requirements are met, the grouting is completed.

2. The grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 involves preparing a graphene dispersion, which includes selecting graphene, a dispersant that can inhibit graphene aggregation, and a clean dispersion medium; adding graphene, dispersant, and dispersion medium into a dispersion device according to a preset ratio; and dispersing the mixture using the dispersion device to obtain a uniformly dispersed graphene dispersion.

3. The grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersion equipment is an ultrasonic atomizing dispersion device, and the dispersion treatment includes starting the ultrasonic atomizing dispersion device to vibrate and disperse the mixed system; controlling the uniformity of the dispersion process to ensure that the graphene particles do not agglomerate. After dispersion, the graphene dispersion was collected.

4. The grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of graphene cement-based grouting material in step S2 includes introducing the graphene dispersion obtained in step S1 into a dedicated mixing device, which has the functions of mechanical mixing and ultrasonic vibration; adding cement and suitable admixtures according to a preset ratio; starting the mechanical mixing component and the ultrasonic vibration component; and mixing for a preset time to obtain a graphene cement-based grouting material with uniform mixing and the required fluidity.

5. A grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground spaces according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 step of laying and drilling grouting holes includes determining the location, distribution density, and preset hole depth of the grouting holes based on the geological conditions of the surrounding rock of the tunnel; setting up a stable drilling platform, fixing the drilling rig, and calibrating the drilling direction; starting the drilling rig to carry out drilling operations; and cleaning impurities and debris from the holes after drilling is completed.

6. A grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 grouting operation includes starting the grouting equipment and pressurizing and delivering the graphene cement-based grouting material to the grouting pipe; Adjust the grouting pressure according to the preset rules so that the grouting pressure gradually reaches the preset working range; The grouting volume of a single hole is monitored in real time, and grouting of that hole is stopped when the grouting volume reaches the preset design value.

7. A grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 grouting quality inspection includes: conducting qualification tests on graphene, cement, and dispersant raw materials before grouting; monitoring changes in grouting pressure and the condition of the construction working face in real time during grouting; and verifying the grouting effect by using corresponding non-destructive testing or sampling testing methods for different grouting parts of the tunnel after grouting is completed.

8. A grouting method based on graphene cementitious materials for deep underground space according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method also includes environmental protection and safety control, including collecting waste materials, excess slurry and construction waste generated during construction; centrally treating the collected waste in a harmless manner to avoid environmental pollution; and having workers wear appropriate safety protection devices and setting up safety warning signs in the work area.

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