Transformer wiring cavity structure of integrated heat dissipation and explosion-proof module

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power equipment safety and heat dissipation, and discloses a transformer wiring cavity structure integrated with a heat dissipation and explosion-proof module, which comprises a box body, a transformer winding, a one-way ventilation heat dissipation module and a dust blowing-off mechanism. The box body is provided with an air inlet window and an air outlet window, the air inlet window and the air outlet window are matched with the air inlet flashboard and the air outlet flashboard respectively to form a one-way sealing structure, and the one-way ventilation heat dissipation module drives air to flow directionally in a power-on state to achieve circulating heat dissipation in the wiring cavity and is automatically sealed in a power-off or fire state to prevent external oxygen from entering. Therefore, the combustion and explosion risks are reduced. The dust blowing-off mechanism is arranged in the box body, dust on the surface of the transformer winding is cleaned in a rotary blowing mode, and gas can be conveyed into the wiring cavity under the high-temperature or abnormal working condition so as to assist in cooling or restrain combustion. According to the invention, the functions of heat dissipation, dust prevention and explosion prevention are integrated, and the operation safety and reliability of the wiring cavity of the transformer can be effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of transformer technology, specifically relating to a transformer wiring cavity structure that integrates heat dissipation and explosion-proof modules. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical piece of equipment in power systems, transformers typically use their high-voltage wiring chambers to house high-voltage terminals and related connecting components. During long-term operation, heat inevitably accumulates inside these chambers. If this heat cannot be dissipated effectively and promptly, it can easily lead to excessive temperature rise in the terminals, decreased insulation performance, and consequently, poor contact, breakdown, or even safety accidents. Therefore, achieving stable and reliable heat dissipation while ensuring the sealing of the wiring chamber has always been a key focus in this field.

[0003] In existing technologies, transformer wiring cavities are mostly cooled by forced ventilation with fans or by ventilation holes. While this type of structure can achieve a certain degree of airflow under normal energized operation, its cooling structure usually relies on continuous power supply. In the event of abnormal conditions such as fire, short circuit, or emergency power outage, the fans stop working, and the air inlets and outlets remain open. External oxygen can continue to enter the wiring cavity, which not only fails to suppress internal combustion but may also exacerbate the combustion reaction, increasing the risk of explosion and compromising safety.

[0004] Furthermore, dust easily accumulates inside the wiring cavity of a transformer during long-term operation. Under conditions such as high temperature, electric arc, or insulation aging, dust may induce short circuits or discharges, indirectly causing fires or explosions. Currently, cleaning dust inside transformers mostly relies on manual disassembly and cleaning after shutdown. This not only involves long maintenance cycles and a large workload, but also, due to the compact structure and narrow gaps around the transformer windings, dust is difficult to remove completely, resulting in limited maintenance effectiveness and affecting the long-term safe operation of the equipment.

[0005] Meanwhile, in existing transformer wiring chamber structures, functions such as heat dissipation, dust prevention, and explosion protection are usually set up independently, resulting in a dispersed structure and a lack of linkage control mechanisms, making it difficult to achieve state switching under different operating conditions. For example, efficient heat dissipation is required under normal operating conditions, while rapid cut-off of airflow and isolation protection are required under fire or abnormal conditions. Existing technologies are unable to meet these different needs simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a transformer wiring cavity structure that integrates heat dissipation and explosion-proof modules. It can achieve stable air circulation heat dissipation under normal working conditions, automatically seal the cavity to isolate oxygen in abnormal or fire conditions, and has the ability to clean internal dust online or conveniently. When necessary, it can also deliver dust or inert gas into the cavity to suppress combustion, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation performance and explosion-proof safety of the transformer wiring cavity.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module includes a transformer structure, the transformer structure including a base plate, a support plate is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base plate, three transformer windings are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the support plate, and a box is installed on the top of the base plate, with the three transformer windings placed inside the box. An exhaust window is provided on the upper side of one side of the box body, and an air inlet window is provided on the lower side of the other side. An exhaust gate is hinged to the upper outer side of the exhaust window, and the exhaust gate blocks the outer side of the exhaust window by its own weight. An air inlet gate is hinged to the upper inner side of the air inlet window, and the air inlet gate blocks the inner side of the air inlet window by its own weight. A one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module is provided on one side of the box. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module is on the same side as the air inlet window. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module blows air into the inside of the box to dissipate heat. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module remains sealed after power is cut off to prevent external air from entering. The inner side of the housing is provided with a dust blowing mechanism, which is used to blow off the dust adhering to the surface of the transformer winding.

[0008] Furthermore, the transformer winding is provided with a terminal block at the top, the terminal block penetrates the surface of the housing, and a sealing door is symmetrically hinged to the front side of the housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the unidirectional ventilation and heat dissipation module includes a first motor fixed to one side of the top of the housing and a fixed base fixed to one side of the housing. A ventilation cylinder is vertically fixed inside the fixed base, and a connecting pipe is provided at the bottom of one side of the ventilation cylinder. The connecting pipe is installed on the outside of the air inlet window by bolts.

[0010] Furthermore, a turntable is installed at the output end of the first motor, an eccentric bolt is provided on the outer side of the turntable, a piston is slidably installed on the inner side of the ventilation cylinder, a connecting rod is fixed at the center of the top of the piston, the connecting rod passes through the ventilation cylinder, a connecting rod is hinged to the top of the connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod away from the connecting rod is hinged to the eccentric bolt.

[0011] Furthermore, a sealing plate is screwed onto the bottom of the ventilation duct, and a sealing hole is provided at the center of the upper surface of the sealing plate. The sealing hole is a blind hole structure, and air inlets are uniformly provided at the bottom of the sealing plate. The air inlets are connected to the sealing holes.

[0012] Furthermore, a sliding rod is vertically slidably installed through the center of the sealing plate, and a sealing plug is provided at the top of the sliding rod. The sealing plug slides down to block the sealing hole.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting nut is screwed onto the bottom of the sealing plate, the limiting nut is located on the lower outer side of the sealing plate, and a spring is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod, the spring is located between the lower surface of the sealing plate and the limiting nut, and the spring applies a downward thrust to the limiting nut.

[0014] Furthermore, the dust blowing mechanism includes an air tank fixed to the rear side of the inner wall of the box and a rotating ring rotating below the surface of the transformer winding. A synchronous belt is sleeved between two adjacent rotating rings. A second motor is fixed to one side of the base plate surface, and a pulley is installed on the output end of the second motor. One of the synchronous belts is sleeved on the pulley.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper surface of the rotating ring is symmetrically provided with vertical tubes, and the two vertical tubes are respectively placed on both sides of the transformer winding. The two vertical tubes are evenly provided with nozzles on the side that is close to each other. The nozzles are used to blow off the dust adhering to the surface of the transformer winding.

[0016] Furthermore, a C-shaped connecting pipe is fixed between the bottoms of the two risers, and a flexible hose is connected to the surface of the C-shaped connecting pipe. All three flexible hoses are connected to the bottom of the gas tank.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: By integrating a unidirectional ventilation and heat dissipation structure into the transformer wiring cavity, a controlled air circulation channel can be formed in the wiring cavity under normal operating conditions. External cold air enters the enclosure in a directional manner under the driving action and flows along a predetermined path, carrying away the heat generated during the operation of the transformer windings. This effectively reduces the internal temperature of the wiring cavity, avoids problems such as decreased insulation performance, aging of wiring terminals or poor contact caused by local overheating, and improves the stability and safety of the transformer in long-term operation.

[0018] By installing gravity-operated self-closing air intake and exhaust gates at the air intake and exhaust windows, and in conjunction with the sealing structure of the one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module, the wiring cavity can automatically switch to a closed state in the event of power failure, fire, or abnormal operating conditions. The air intake and exhaust channels are reliably blocked at the same time, structurally isolating external oxygen from entering the wiring cavity. This avoids the problem of the ventilation opening remaining open after power failure in traditional fan heat dissipation structures, thereby effectively inhibiting the development of combustion reaction, reducing the risk of explosion, and significantly improving the explosion-proof safety performance of the wiring cavity.

[0019] By adding a dust blowing mechanism inside the wiring cavity and having the dust blowing mechanism rotate and blow around the transformer winding, the dust adhering to the surface of the transformer winding can be continuously and evenly blown off and discharged with the airflow. This avoids the risk of short circuits or discharges induced by dust under high temperature, electric arc or insulation aging conditions, solves the problem of dust accumulation and cleaning difficulties in the existing technology, reduces the frequency of downtime maintenance, and improves the continuity of equipment operation.

[0020] By combining the gas tank with the jetting structure, the dust blowing mechanism can not only be used for daily dust cleaning, but also quickly deliver gas into the wiring cavity to achieve auxiliary cooling when the transformer winding temperature is high. In abnormal or fire conditions, it can spray dust or inert gas into the transformer winding area to suppress combustion and reduce the possibility of explosion. This achieves the synergistic integration of heat dissipation, dust prevention and explosion protection functions, and enhances the comprehensive protection capability of the wiring cavity under different operating conditions.

[0021] By integrating the heat dissipation structure, explosion-proof sealing structure, and dust treatment structure into the same transformer wiring cavity, the functional modules can cooperate with each other in terms of structure and switch between each other in terms of operating conditions. This avoids the problems of functional dispersion and insufficient linkage in the existing technology. While ensuring the sealing of the wiring cavity, it also takes into account the heat dissipation efficiency and safety protection requirements, thereby improving the overall safety, reliability, and applicability of the transformer wiring cavity structure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the box structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the unidirectional ventilation cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the dust blowing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the right-side view structure; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nozzle distribution of the present invention.

[0023] The components represented by each number in the attached diagram are listed below: 1. Transformer structure; 11. Base plate; 12. Housing; 13. Sealing door; 14. Support plate; 15. Transformer winding; 16. Terminal block; 17. Exhaust window; 171. Exhaust gate; 18. Intake window; 181. Intake gate; 2. One-way ventilation and heat dissipation module; 21. Fixing base; 22. First motor; 221. Turntable; 222. Eccentric bolt; 23. Ventilation duct; 24. Connecting pipe; 25. Piston; 26. Connecting rod; 27. Connecting rod; 28. Sealing plate; 281. Sealing hole; 282. Air inlet; 29. ​​Slide rod; 210. Sealing plug; 211. Limit nut; 212. Spring; 3. Dust blowing mechanism; 31. Air tank; 32. Rotating ring; 33. Synchronous belt; 34. Second motor; 35. Riser; 36. Nozzle; 37. C-type connecting pipe; 38. Hose. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be specifically described below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is merely used to describe one or more specific embodiments of the invention and does not strictly limit the scope of protection specifically claimed by the invention. Example

[0025] Referring to Figures 1-9, a transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof modules includes a transformer structure 1. The transformer structure 1 includes a base plate 11, which provides a load-bearing foundation for the overall structure and positions each functional module. A support plate 14 is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base plate 11. The support plate 14 provides concentrated support for the transformer windings 15 to ensure the stable arrangement of the transformer windings 15 inside the housing 12. Three transformer windings 15 are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the support plate 14. The three transformer windings 15 are used to complete the conversion of electrical energy and generate heat and electromagnetic effects during operation. A housing 12 is installed on the top of the base plate 11. The housing 12 is used to enclose and protect the transformer windings 15 and internal functional components to avoid the influence of the external environment. The three transformer windings 15 are placed inside the housing 12 to form a relatively closed wiring cavity environment, thereby meeting the wiring cavity protection requirements in the background art while providing installation space for subsequent heat dissipation and explosion-proof structures.

[0026] An exhaust window 17 is provided on the upper side of one side of the enclosure 12. The exhaust window 17 is used to discharge gas to the outside when the internal air pressure of the enclosure 12 increases, so as to achieve gas replacement. An air inlet window 18 is provided on the lower side of the other side of the enclosure 12. The air inlet window 18 is used to introduce external air in the heat dissipation working state. An exhaust gate 171 is hinged to the upper outer side of the exhaust window 17. The exhaust gate 171 hangs down naturally under the action of gravity and forms a blockage on the outer side of the exhaust window 17 to prevent the outside air from entering when there is no air pressure. An air inlet gate 181 is hinged to the upper inner side of the air inlet window 18. The air inlet gate 181 hangs down naturally under the action of gravity and forms a blockage on the inner side of the air inlet window 18 to restrict the unidirectional flow of gas. Through the cooperation of the exhaust gate 171 and the air inlet gate 181, the enclosure 12 can still maintain an overall sealed state under the abnormal power failure or fire conditions described in the background art, thereby structurally reducing the risk of oxygen entering the wiring cavity.

[0027] A one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module 2 is provided on one side of the housing 12. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module 2 is located on the same side as the air inlet window 18 to shorten the gas flow path and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module 2 blows air into the inside of the housing 12 to dissipate heat and form a controlled air circulation under normal operating conditions, thereby removing the heat generated during the operation of the transformer winding 15. After the power is cut off, the one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module 2 remains sealed to prevent the entry of external air, so as to solve the problem in the background art where the air inlet and outlet of the traditional fan are open after the power is cut off, resulting in the continuous entry of oxygen.

[0028] A dust blowing mechanism 3 is provided inside the housing 12. The dust blowing mechanism 3 is used to blow off the dust attached to the surface of the transformer winding 15 to avoid the dust from inducing short circuits or explosion hazards under high temperature or electric arc conditions, and to form a targeted solution to the problem of dust accumulation during long-term operation in the background art.

[0029] Referring to Figures 1-2, a terminal block 16 is provided on the top of the transformer winding 15. The terminal block 16 is used to realize the electrical connection between the high voltage line and the transformer winding 15 and to undertake the function of power input and output. The terminal block 16 penetrates the surface of the enclosure 12 to facilitate the access of external lines. A sealing door 13 is symmetrically hinged on the front side of the enclosure 12. The sealing door 13 is used to open for operation during wiring or maintenance, and in the closed state, it forms a sealing fit with the enclosure 12 to ensure the overall sealing of the wiring cavity, thereby meeting the protection and safety requirements in the background art.

[0030] Referring to Figures 1-6, the unidirectional ventilation and heat dissipation module 2 includes a first motor 22 fixed to one side of the top of the housing 12 and a fixing seat 21 fixed to one side of the housing 12. The first motor 22 is used to provide ventilation driving force to replace the traditional fan structure. The fixing seat 21 is used to install and support the ventilation components. A ventilation cylinder 23 is vertically fixed inside the fixing seat 21. The ventilation cylinder 23 is used to form a gas reciprocating transport channel. A connecting pipe 24 is provided at the bottom of one side of the ventilation cylinder 23. The connecting pipe 24 is installed on the outside of the air inlet window 18 by bolts to realize the gas communication between the ventilation cylinder 23 and the housing 12, and structurally ensures that the gas can only flow in a set direction.

[0031] Referring to Figures 1-6, a turntable 221 is installed at the output end of the first motor 22. The turntable 221 is used to convert the rotational motion into eccentric drive. An eccentric bolt 222 is provided on the outer side of the turntable 221. The eccentric bolt 222 is used to form eccentric motion during rotation. A piston 25 is slidably installed on the inner side of the ventilation duct 23. The piston 25 is used to form volume change inside the ventilation duct 23 to realize air intake and air delivery. A connecting rod 26 is fixed at the top center of the piston 25. The connecting rod 26 is used to transmit the linear motion of the piston 25 to the outside. The connecting rod 26 passes through the ventilation duct 23 to ensure motion stability. A connecting rod 27 is hinged to the top of the connecting rod 26. The connecting rod 27 is used to convert the rotational motion of the eccentric bolt 222 into the reciprocating linear motion of the piston 25. The end of the connecting rod 27 away from the connecting rod 26 is hinged to the eccentric bolt 222, thereby forming a stable reciprocating ventilation power when the first motor 22 is working.

[0032] Referring to Figures 1-6, a sealing plate 28 is screwed onto the bottom of the ventilation duct 23. The sealing plate 28 is used to seal the bottom of the ventilation duct 23 and serves as the installation base for a one-way sealing structure. A sealing hole 281 is provided in the center of the upper surface of the sealing plate 28. The sealing hole 281 is a blind hole structure to limit the gas entry path. Air inlet holes 282 are evenly provided at the bottom of the sealing plate 28. The air inlet holes 282 are connected to the sealing holes 281 to form a channel for external air to enter the ventilation duct 23, thus providing conditions for one-way air intake from a structural perspective.

[0033] Referring to Figures 5-6, a slide rod 29 is vertically slidably installed through the center of the sealing plate 28. The slide rod 29 is used to realize the opening and closing movement of the sealing assembly in the axial direction. A sealing plug 210 is provided at the top of the slide rod 29. When the slide rod 29 is sliding down, the sealing plug 210 blocks the sealing hole 281 to prevent external air from entering, thereby ensuring that the ventilation cylinder 23 is in a sealed state when the first motor 22 stops working.

[0034] Referring to Figures 5-6, a limiting nut 211 is screwed onto the bottom of the sealing plate 28. The limiting nut 211 is used to limit the downward travel of the slide rod 29 and serves as the force-bearing component of the spring 212. The limiting nut 211 is located on the lower outer side of the sealing plate 28. The spring 212 is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod 29 and is located between the lower surface of the sealing plate 28 and the limiting nut 211. The spring 212 applies a downward thrust to the limiting nut 211 to push the slide rod 29 and the sealing plug 210 to maintain the closed state of the sealing hole 281, thereby achieving automatic sealing in the event of abnormal power failure or fire and meeting the explosion-proof requirements in the background art.

[0035] Referring to Figures 7-9, the dust blowing mechanism 3 includes an air tank 31 fixed to the rear side of the inner wall of the housing 12. The air tank 31 is used to store compressed gas or inert gas to provide blowing power. The dust blowing mechanism 3 also includes a rotating ring 32 rotating below the surface of the transformer winding 15. The rotating ring 32 is used to support the blowing structure and rotate around the transformer winding 15 to achieve all-round coverage. A synchronous belt 33 is sleeved between two adjacent rotating rings 32. The synchronous belt 33 is used to realize the synchronous rotation of multiple rotating rings 32. A second motor 34 is fixed on one side of the surface of the base plate 11. The second motor 34 is used to provide rotational power to the rotating rings 32. A pulley is installed on the output end of the second motor 34, and one of the synchronous belts 33 is sleeved on the pulley to realize power transmission.

[0036] Referring to Figures 7-9, risers 35 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the rotating ring 32. The risers 35 serve as gas delivery channels and rotate synchronously with the rotating ring 32. The two risers 35 are respectively placed on both sides of the transformer winding 15 to cover the outer periphery of the transformer winding 15. Nozzles 36 are evenly arranged on the side of the two risers 35 that are close to each other. The nozzles 36 are used to spray gas evenly to blow off the dust adhering to the surface of the transformer winding 15, thereby solving the problem of dust being difficult to clean in the prior art.

[0037] Referring to Figure 7-9, a C-shaped connecting pipe 37 is fixed between the bottoms of the two risers 35. The C-shaped connecting pipe 37 is used to connect the two risers 35 to achieve uniform gas distribution. A flexible hose 38 is connected to the surface of the C-shaped connecting pipe 37. The flexible hose 38 is used to transport the gas in the gas tank 31 to the C-shaped connecting pipe 37. All three flexible hoses 38 are connected to the bottom of the gas tank 31 to ensure the stability and continuity of the gas supply, thereby providing a reliable gas source for the dust blowing mechanism 3 under heat dissipation, cooling or explosion-proof conditions. Example

[0038] See Figure 1-6 In this embodiment, in the transformer structure 1, a closed wiring cavity is formed by the base plate 11, the support plate 14 and the box 12. The three transformer windings 15 are installed on the support plate 14 and placed inside the box 12. The transformer windings 15 continuously generate heat during the energized operation. An air inlet window 18 is provided on one side of the housing 12 and is connected to the connecting pipe 24; an exhaust window 17 is provided on the other side of the housing 12 and is matched with an exhaust gate 171. The first motor 22 is a YE2-90S-4 type AC asynchronous motor with a cast aluminum shell. The first motor 22 drives the connecting rod 27 through the turntable 221 and the eccentric bolt 222, so that the connecting rod 26 drives the piston 25 to perform reciprocating linear motion inside the ventilation cylinder 23. When the piston 25 moves upward, a negative pressure is formed inside the ventilation cylinder 23. Under the action of the negative pressure, the sealing plug 210 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 212 and moves upward, causing the sealing hole 281 to open. Outside cold air enters the ventilation cylinder 23 through the air inlet 282. When the piston 25 moves down, the spring 212 pushes the sealing plug 210 to reset and seal the sealing hole 281. Air enters the inside of the housing 12 through the air inlet window 18. At the same time, the air pressure inside the housing 12 increases and pushes the exhaust gate 171 to open, so that hot air is discharged through the exhaust window 17, thereby forming a stable one-way circulation heat dissipation path.

[0039] Compared with the transformer wiring cavity structure that uses a conventional axial flow fan directly installed on the side wall of the housing, under the same load conditions, the conventional fan structure has obvious heat accumulation near the winding 15 due to the uncontrolled airflow path. However, in this embodiment, the reciprocating directional airflow formed by the piston 25 reduces the surface temperature rise of the winding 15 by an average of about 12-18℃, verifying the feasibility and superiority of the heat dissipation solution. Example

[0040] See Figure 1-6 This embodiment, based on the structure of Embodiment 2, focuses on demonstrating the explosion-proof working state during power outage; When the first motor 22 is de-energized, the turntable 221 stops rotating, the piston 25 stops reciprocating, and the spring 212 continues to push the slide rod 29 downward under the condition of no negative pressure interference, so that the sealing plug 210 always presses the sealing hole 281 tightly. The air intake gate 181 inside the air intake window 18 closes the air intake window 18 under its own weight, and the exhaust gate 171 outside the exhaust window 17 closes the exhaust window 17 under its own weight. The enclosure 12 is a fully enclosed structure formed by the sealing door 13, the air intake gate 181 and the exhaust gate 171, which prevents external oxygen from entering the wiring cavity, thereby suppressing the combustion reaction when a fire or electrical fault causes high temperature.

[0041] Compared to the traditional fan cooling wiring cavity structure, even after power failure, the fan stops but the air inlet and outlet remain open. In the simulated combustion experiment, oxygen continuously enters the chamber, causing the internal temperature to rise rapidly. In contrast, this embodiment completes a fully sealed state within 5 seconds after power failure, and the internal oxygen content decreases significantly, verifying the effectiveness of the explosion-proof structure. Example

[0042] See Figure 7-9 In this embodiment, an air tank 31 is fixedly installed on the rear side of the inner wall of the box 12. The air tank 31 is a QF-40L steel compressed air tank with a pressure resistance rating of not less than 1.0MPa. The rotating ring 32 is made of stainless steel and is rotatably positioned below the transformer winding 15. It is connected to the second motor 34 via the synchronous belt 33. The second motor 34 is a 57BYG stepper motor, which drives the synchronous belt 33 through the pulley, so that multiple rotating rings 32 rotate synchronously. A riser 35 is installed on the rotating ring 32. The riser 35 is made of heat-resistant stainless steel. The nozzle 36 is a conical micro-orifice nozzle. Compressed gas in gas tank 31 enters riser 35 through hose 38 and C-type connecting pipe 37, and is then sprayed out directionally by nozzle 36, so that the dust attached to the surface of transformer winding 15 is continuously blown off and discharged from housing 12 with airflow.

[0043] Compared to the manual shutdown and disassembly cleaning method, this embodiment completes dust cleaning without shutting down the machine, improving the cleaning efficiency by more than 3 times and avoiding the decline in sealing performance caused by frequent disassembly and assembly. Example

[0044] See Figure 7-9 Based on the structure of Example 4, this embodiment replaces the medium inside the gas tank 31 with ordinary compressed air and cooled gas that has been dried. When the temperature sensor of transformer winding 15 detects that the temperature exceeds the set threshold, the control system starts the gas tank 31 and drives the second motor 34, so that the rotating ring 32 drives the riser 35 to rotate around winding 15. Low-temperature gas is evenly sprayed onto the surface of transformer winding 15 through nozzle 36, achieving rapid convection heat transfer and thus reducing the temperature of winding 15 in a short time.

[0045] Compared to wiring cavity structures that rely solely on natural heat dissipation or a single air cooling method, this embodiment reduces the time required for the temperature of winding 15 to recover to the safe range by approximately 40% under the same overload conditions, verifying the effectiveness of the auxiliary cooling scheme. Example

[0046] See Figure 7-9 In this embodiment, the gas cylinder 31 is a special steel cylinder filled with nitrogen or carbon dioxide inert gas, and the nozzle 36 is made of corrosion-resistant copper alloy material. When an abnormal high temperature or electric arc signal is detected inside the housing 12, the control system immediately shuts down the first motor 22 and starts the gas tank 31 to supply gas to the riser 35. Inert gas is rapidly applied to the transformer winding 15 and wiring area via nozzle 36, diluting the oxygen concentration inside the housing 12. The inert gas is then used to create an isolated environment through the closed state of the intake gate 181 and exhaust gate 171, thereby suppressing the occurrence of an explosion.

[0047] Compared with the wiring cavity without an inert gas injection structure, under the same fault simulation conditions, this embodiment can effectively block the combustion chain reaction, and no deflagration phenomenon occurred inside the housing 12, further proving the engineering feasibility of the explosion-proof solution.

[0048] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During use, the high-voltage line is connected to the terminal block 16, and both sealing doors 13 are closed to ensure the interior of the housing 12 is sealed. Under normal conditions, the gravity exhaust gate 171 seals the outside of the exhaust window 17, allowing gas to flow outwards. Similarly, the intake gate 181 seals the inside of the intake window 18, allowing gas to move inwards. The first motor 22 is started to control the rotation of the turntable 221. Because the eccentric bolt 222 and the first motor 22 are eccentric, when 2221 rotates, it can push the piston 25 to slide back and forth inside the ventilation cylinder 23 via the connecting rod 27. The spring 212 applies a downward thrust to the limit nut 211, causing the sealing plug 210 to move downwards and block the sealing hole 281. When the piston 25 moves upwards, a negative pressure is formed inside the ventilation cylinder 23. When the air intake window 18 is blocked by the air intake gate 181, air cannot flow. At this time, the internal negative pressure can lift the sealing plug 210, and the sealing plug 210 will no longer block the sealing hole 281. External cold air can enter the inside of the ventilation duct 23 through the air intake hole 282 and the sealing hole 281. Conversely, when the piston 25 moves down, the spring 212 pushes the slide rod 29 down, and the sealing plug 210 blocks the sealing hole 281 again. The gas drawn into the ventilation duct 23 will enter through the air intake window 18, blowing up the air intake gate 181, thereby delivering external cold air to the inside of the box 12. After the gas enters the inside of the box 12, the internal air pressure increases. Since the box 12 is completely sealed, the gas can push open the exhaust gate 171 and then be discharged through the exhaust window 17 to achieve air circulation and remove the heat inside the box 12. In the event of a fire, the first motor 22 is de-energized, the piston 25 stops moving, and the ventilation duct 23 stops drawing in air. The spring force of the spring 212 seals the sealing hole 281, the exhaust gate 171 seals the exhaust window 17, and the intake gate 181 seals the intake window 18, thus sealing the entire housing 12 to prevent external oxygen from entering and forming an effective isolation to prevent further explosion. In the traditional fan-cooled method, even if the power is cut off, the intake and exhaust windows remain open, allowing oxygen to enter. Dust will remain inside the housing 12 during prolonged use, and this dust can induce short circuits and indirectly cause explosions. Therefore, regular dust cleaning is necessary. Traditional transformers require shutdown for cleaning, and the gaps in front of the transformer winding 15 make cleaning difficult. Therefore, a dust blowing mechanism 3 is added. Starting the second motor 34 can drive multiple rotating rings 32 to rotate synchronously via the synchronous belt 33. The two adjacent synchronous belts 33 are staggered vertically. During rotation, the riser 35 can be controlled to rotate around the transformer winding 15. The gas tank 31 is a compressor tank. Starting the gas tank 31 creates high-pressure gas, which is then delivered to the C-type connecting pipe 37 through the hose 38. The gas is then evenly distributed to the inside of the riser 35 and sprayed out through the nozzle 36 to remove the attached dust. The blown-off dust is discharged with the flow of air inside and outside. This structure can also deliver gas into the housing 12 through the gas tank 31 when the transformer winding 15 is at a high temperature for rapid cooling.

[0049] Gas cylinder 31 can also be a high-pressure dust cylinder or an inert gas cylinder, used to spray dust or inert gas onto transformer winding 15 in the event of a fire to prevent further explosions.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Structures, devices, and operating methods not specifically described or explained in this invention are implemented according to conventional methods in the art unless otherwise specified or limited.

Claims

1. A transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof modules, comprising a transformer structure (1), characterized in that: The transformer structure (1) includes a base plate (11), a support plate (14) is provided at the center of the upper surface of the base plate (11), three transformer windings (15) are evenly arranged on the upper surface of the support plate (14), and a box (12) is installed on the top of the base plate (11), with the three transformer windings (15) placed inside the box (12). The box (12) has an exhaust window (17) on the upper side of one side and an air inlet window (18) on the lower side of the other side. An exhaust gate (171) is hinged to the upper outer side of the exhaust window (17), and the exhaust gate (171) blocks the outer side of the exhaust window (17) by its own weight. An air inlet gate (181) is hinged to the upper inner side of the air inlet window (18), and the air inlet gate (181) blocks the inner side of the air inlet window (18) by its own weight. A one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module (2) is provided on one side of the box (12). The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module (2) is on the same side as the air inlet window (18). The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module (2) blows air into the inside of the box (12) to dissipate heat. The one-way ventilation and heat dissipation module (2) remains sealed after power is cut off to prevent external air from entering. The inner side of the housing (12) is provided with a dust blowing mechanism (3), which is used to blow off the dust attached to the surface of the transformer winding (15).

2. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transformer winding (15) is provided with a terminal (16) at the top, the terminal (16) penetrates the surface of the housing (12), and the housing (12) is symmetrically hinged with a sealing door (13) on the front side.

3. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unidirectional ventilation and heat dissipation module (2) includes a first motor (22) fixed on one side of the top of the box (12) and a fixed seat (21) fixed on one side of the box (12). A ventilation tube (23) is vertically fixed inside the fixed seat (21). A connecting pipe (24) is provided at the bottom of one side of the ventilation tube (23). The connecting pipe (24) is installed on the outside of the air inlet window (18) by bolts.

4. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first motor (22) has a turntable (221) installed at its output end. An eccentric bolt (222) is provided on the outer side of the turntable (221). A piston (25) is slidably installed on the inner side of the ventilation cylinder (23). A connecting rod (26) is fixed at the center of the top of the piston (25). The connecting rod (26) passes through the ventilation cylinder (23). A connecting rod (27) is hinged to the top of the connecting rod (26). One end of the connecting rod (27) away from the connecting rod (26) is hinged to the eccentric bolt (222).

5. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the ventilation duct (23) is screwed with a sealing plate (28). A sealing hole (281) is opened in the center of the upper surface of the sealing plate (28). The sealing hole (281) is a blind hole structure. Air inlets (282) are evenly opened at the bottom of the sealing plate (28). The air inlets (282) are connected to the sealing holes (281).

6. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 5, characterized in that: A sliding rod (29) is vertically slidably installed through the center of the sealing plate (28). A sealing plug (210) is provided at the top of the sliding rod (29). The sealing plug (210) slides down to block the sealing hole (281).

7. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the sealing plate (28) is screwed with a limiting nut (211), which is located on the lower outer side of the sealing plate (28). A spring (212) is sleeved on the surface of the slide rod (29), which is located between the lower surface of the sealing plate (28) and the limiting nut (211). The spring (212) applies a downward thrust to the limiting nut (211).

8. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust blowing mechanism (3) includes an air tank (31) fixed to the rear side of the inner wall of the housing (12) and a rotating ring (32) rotating below the surface of the transformer winding (15). A synchronous belt (33) is sleeved between two adjacent rotating rings (32). A second motor (34) is fixed to one side of the surface of the base plate (11). A pulley is installed on the output end of the second motor (34), and one of the synchronous belts (33) is sleeved on the pulley.

9. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The rotating ring (32) has symmetrically arranged vertical tubes (35) on its upper surface. The two vertical tubes (35) are respectively placed on both sides of the transformer winding (15). The two vertical tubes (35) are evenly arranged with nozzles (36) on the side that is close to each other. The nozzles (36) are used to blow off the dust attached to the surface of the transformer winding (15).

10. The transformer wiring cavity structure integrating heat dissipation and explosion-proof module according to claim 9, characterized in that: A C-shaped connecting pipe (37) is fixed between the bottoms of the two risers (35), and a hose (38) is connected to the surface of the C-shaped connecting pipe (37). All three hoses (38) are connected to the bottom of the gas tank (31).

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