5G network ultra-remote coverage method, system and device for marine economy, and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a 5G network ultra-far coverage method, system and device for marine economy and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, and the method comprises the steps: building a geometric propagation relation based on the earth curvature according to the hanging height of an antenna and the height of a terminal device, and calculating a sight distance coverage distance through a geometric figure formed by a base station antenna, a terminal and the earth center; adaptively selecting a working frequency band according to the sight distance coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirement, determining an antenna gain requirement and a beam width requirement according to the wavelength characteristic of the working frequency band, and selecting an antenna; when a time division duplex system is adopted, the cyclic prefix length and the guard interval length are configured according to the propagation time delay so as to expand the coverage distance; and when the frequency of the working frequency band is relatively high, a multi-cell joint receiving and uplink channel quality enhancement technology is configured. According to the method, the sight distance coverage range is accurately calculated by establishing the geometric propagation model based on the earth curvature, and ultra-long-distance coverage of the sea area is realized through frequency band antenna collaborative optimization and frame structure parameter configuration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wireless communication technology, specifically to a method, system, device, and medium for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid development of the marine economy has placed higher demands on wireless communication coverage in maritime areas. Offshore wind power, marine fisheries, and maritime transportation have an urgent need for the coverage distance and communication quality of 5G networks. However, the marine communication environment differs significantly from the terrestrial environment. The marine propagation space is almost unobstructed, and signal propagation is mainly affected by the curvature of the Earth, making traditional terrestrial network planning methods unsuitable for direct application in marine scenarios.

[0003] Existing maritime communication mainly relies on 4G public networks or industrial WiFi coverage. However, 4G public networks suffer from limited bandwidth and high latency, making it difficult to meet the low latency and high bandwidth requirements of maritime operations. While industrial WiFi offers some coverage, its coverage distance is typically no more than 300 meters. In environments with severe metal shielding, such as inside offshore wind turbine towers, signal attenuation is significant, failing to meet the needs for ultra-long-distance coverage.

[0004] In the deployment of 5G networks in maritime areas, frequency band selection and antenna configuration directly impact coverage. Low-frequency bands have longer propagation distances but smaller bandwidths, while high-frequency bands offer larger bandwidths but limited coverage distances. Traditional methods lack technical solutions for optimizing frequency band and antenna configurations based on maritime propagation characteristics and service requirements. Furthermore, in ultra-long-distance coverage scenarios using 5G time-division duplex (TDD) technology, the round-trip propagation delay may exceed the capacity of the cyclic prefix and guard interval in the standard frame structure, leading to inter-symbol interference and severely affecting communication quality. Existing technologies lack time-division duplex frame structure optimization methods specifically for ultra-long-distance coverage scenarios in maritime areas.

[0005] During signal propagation in the ocean, the Earth's curvature affects signal propagation, resulting in varying propagation characteristics. Signal attenuation is relatively slow within line-of-sight range, but increases sharply beyond it. Traditional network planning has not fully considered the impact of the Earth's curvature on ocean propagation and lacks methods for establishing propagation models based on the Earth's curvature and calculating coverage distances. This leads to unreasonable base station deployment locations and antenna parameter configurations, hindering efficient coverage in the ocean. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method, system, device and medium for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy.

[0007] Therefore, the technical problems solved by this invention are: how to establish an accurate propagation model based on the curvature of the Earth in a marine environment and calculate the line-of-sight coverage distance, so as to provide a basis for base station deployment and parameter configuration; how to adaptively select the working frequency band and match the appropriate antenna type according to the coverage distance requirements and service bandwidth requirements, so as to achieve a balance between coverage distance and system capacity; and how to address the frame structure mismatch problem caused by excessive propagation delay in ultra-long coverage scenarios of time-division duplex system by optimizing the cyclic prefix and guard interval length to extend coverage capability.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides the following technical solution: a method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy, comprising, Obtain the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and obtain the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; A geometric propagation relationship based on the curvature of the Earth is established based on the antenna mounting height and the terminal equipment height. The geometric propagation relationship describes the signal propagation path through the geometric figure formed by the base station antenna, the terminal and the Earth's center. The line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated based on the geometric propagation relationship. The working frequency band is determined from the candidate frequency band set based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirement. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is greater than a first distance threshold, a frequency band with a lower frequency in the candidate frequency band set is selected as the working frequency band. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is less than the first distance threshold and the service bandwidth requirement is greater than the first bandwidth threshold, a frequency band with a higher frequency in the candidate frequency band set is selected as the working frequency band. The antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement are determined based on the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. An antenna that meets the conditions is selected based on the antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement. When the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system, the signal propagation delay is calculated based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band. The cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement are determined based on the signal propagation delay. Time-division duplex frame structure parameters that meet the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement are configured. When the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than the second frequency threshold, multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology are configured in the base station. Deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna, and establish signal coverage.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, the method further includes, after calculating the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship and before determining the operating frequency band: The marine propagation environment is divided into regions based on the line-of-sight coverage distance using a propagation area classification method. The base station transmit power configuration strategy is adjusted based on the propagation area classification results.

[0010] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: by adopting a propagation area classification method, the marine propagation environment is divided into direct propagation area, diffraction propagation area, and obstruction propagation area. Based on the differences in signal attenuation characteristics in different propagation areas, the base station transmission power configuration is adjusted. In the direct propagation area, the standard transmission power is used to ensure communication quality. In the diffraction propagation area, the transmission power is appropriately increased to compensate for diffraction loss. This avoids the waste of resources caused by configuring excessively high transmission power in the obstruction propagation area, thereby achieving refined configuration of transmission power and improving the energy efficiency ratio of marine coverage.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, wherein: the calculation of the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship includes: The line-of-sight propagation component of the base station antenna relative to the horizon is determined based on the antenna mounting height and the preset Earth radius parameters. The line-of-sight receiving component of the terminal relative to the horizon is determined based on the height of the terminal device and the Earth radius parameter. The line-of-sight coverage distance is determined based on the line-of-sight propagation component and the line-of-sight reception component.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, the step of determining the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement based on the signal propagation delay, and configuring the time division duplex frame structure parameters that satisfy the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement, includes: The time parameter configuration in the time-division duplex frame structure is determined based on the signal propagation delay using a delay tolerance configuration method. Select a preamble format from the preset preamble format configuration set that meets the requirements for both the loop prefix length and the guard interval length; Configure the selected preamble format into the time-division duplex frame structure of the base station.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this preferred technical solution are as follows: by adopting a time delay tolerance configuration method to convert the signal propagation delay into a time unit of the time division duplex frame structure, the length requirements of the cyclic prefix and guard interval are determined according to the converted time unit, and a preamble format that meets the time delay tolerance requirements is selected from the preset preamble format configuration set. This avoids inter-symbol interference caused by the uplink signal arrival time exceeding the guard interval due to excessive propagation delay, enabling the time division duplex system to adapt to ultra-long-distance coverage scenarios in marine areas and expanding the coverage capability of the time division duplex system.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, the step of calculating the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band includes: The one-way propagation time of the signal is calculated based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air; The round-trip propagation delay of the signal from the base station to the terminal and back to the base station is determined based on the one-way propagation time of the signal, and the round-trip propagation delay is the signal propagation delay.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, the step of selecting a preamble format from a preset preamble format configuration set that meets the requirements for both the cyclic prefix length and the guard interval length includes: Obtain the preamble format configuration set, wherein the configuration set records multiple preamble format numbers and the cyclic prefix length configuration value and guard interval length configuration value corresponding to each preamble format; Candidate preamble formats are selected whose cyclic prefix length configuration value is not less than the cyclic prefix length requirement and whose guard interval length configuration value is not less than the guard interval length requirement. The candidate preamble formats are selected as the target preamble format by having the smallest sum of the cyclic prefix length configuration value and the guard interval length configuration value.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy described in this invention, the configuration of multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology at the base station includes: Multiple adjacent base stations are configured to form a super cell, and the uplink signals of the same terminal received by each base station in the super cell are transmitted to the baseband processing equipment through the backhaul link. The baseband processing equipment is configured with uplink soft combining processing to jointly demodulate uplink signals from multiple base stations within the supercell; The base station is configured with carrier aggregation processing to aggregate multiple carrier spectrum resources for uplink data transmission. The base station is configured with multi-pilot joint channel estimation processing, which performs joint channel estimation based on the positions of multiple pilot symbols.

[0017] This invention provides a 5G network ultra-long-range coverage system for the marine economy.

[0018] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a 5G network ultra-long-range coverage system for the marine economy, comprising: a parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and to acquire the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; A line-of-sight calculation module is used to calculate the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship; The frequency band selection module is used to determine the working frequency band from the candidate frequency band set according to the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirements, and to select the antenna according to the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. The frame structure configuration module is used to calculate the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and configure the time-division duplex frame structure parameters when the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system. The enhancement technology configuration module is used to configure multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology in the base station when the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than a preset threshold. A base station deployment module is used to deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna.

[0019] The present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy.

[0020] The present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the aforementioned method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: By establishing a geometric propagation relationship based on the curvature of the Earth according to the antenna mounting height and the terminal equipment height, the geometric propagation relationship describes the signal propagation path through the geometric figure formed by the base station antenna, the terminal, and the Earth's center, and the line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated. Compared with the traditional planar propagation model that does not consider the influence of the curvature of the Earth, this invention can accurately predict the line-of-sight range affected by the curvature of the Earth in the marine environment, providing a theoretical basis for base station site selection and antenna mounting height design, and avoiding unreasonable base station deployment locations due to inaccurate coverage distance estimation.

[0022] The operating frequency band is determined from the candidate frequency band set based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is greater than the threshold, a lower frequency band is selected to achieve a longer coverage distance. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is less than the threshold and the service bandwidth requirements are high, a higher frequency band is selected to provide greater system capacity. The antenna gain requirements and beamwidth requirements are determined based on the wavelength characteristics of the operating frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance, so as to achieve coordinated optimization of frequency band selection and antenna configuration, and to balance system capacity and network construction costs while meeting the coverage distance requirements.

[0023] By calculating the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance when the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system, determining the cyclic prefix length requirement and guard interval length requirement based on the signal propagation delay, and configuring the time-division duplex frame structure parameters that meet the delay tolerance requirements, the problem that the traditional time-division duplex system cannot accommodate excessively long propagation delays in ultra-long-distance coverage scenarios due to the fixed length of the cyclic prefix and guard interval is solved. This enables the time-division duplex system to adapt to the ultra-long-distance coverage requirements in marine areas and expands the coverage range of the time-division duplex system. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an overall method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1, referring to Figure 1 This is one embodiment of the present invention, which provides a method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy, comprising: Step 1: Obtain the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and obtain the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; Step 2: Establish a geometric propagation relationship based on the curvature of the earth based on the antenna mounting height and the terminal equipment height. The geometric propagation relationship describes the signal propagation path through the geometric figure formed by the base station antenna, the terminal and the earth's center. The line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated based on the geometric propagation relationship. Step 3: Determine the working frequency band from the candidate frequency band set based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirement. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is greater than a first distance threshold, select the lower frequency band in the candidate frequency band set as the working frequency band. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is less than the first distance threshold and the service bandwidth requirement is greater than a first bandwidth threshold, select the higher frequency band in the candidate frequency band set as the working frequency band. Determine the antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement based on the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. Select an antenna that meets the requirements based on the antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement. Step 4: When the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system, calculate the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band, determine the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement based on the signal propagation delay, and configure the time-division duplex frame structure parameters that meet the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement. Step 5: When the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than the second frequency threshold, configure multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology in the base station; Step 6: Deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna, and establish signal coverage.

[0028] Marine economic operations present different levels of demands for wireless communication coverage. Offshore wind power operation and maintenance, and marine fisheries supervision in nearshore areas require high bandwidth and low latency communication capabilities, while shipping route coverage and maritime emergency communications in mid-to-far sea areas prioritize coverage distance and connection reliability. The marine propagation environment differs significantly from the terrestrial environment. The open, unobstructed sea surface means signal propagation is primarily affected by the Earth's curvature. When the distance between the terminal and the base station exceeds line-of-sight, signal attenuation increases dramatically, leading to a significant decline in communication quality. Traditional terrestrial network planning methods do not fully consider the impact of the Earth's curvature on propagation; directly applying them to marine scenarios results in inaccurate coverage distance estimations and unreasonable base station deployment locations and parameter configurations.

[0029] This embodiment addresses the propagation characteristics of maritime areas by establishing a geometric propagation relationship based on the Earth's curvature, calculating line-of-sight coverage distance, and adaptively selecting the operating frequency band and antenna type according to coverage distance requirements and service characteristics. For frequency bands using time-division duplex systems, frame structure parameters are optimized based on propagation delay to extend coverage capabilities. For high-frequency bands, coverage performance is improved by deploying multi-cell joint reception and uplink channel quality enhancement technologies. Through the synergistic application of these technical solutions, efficient maritime coverage is achieved, meeting the communication needs of various marine economic services.

[0030] In step 1, the target coverage distance is determined based on the distribution of marine economic services and communication needs. Nearshore areas typically require a coverage distance of less than 20 kilometers, mid-sea areas require a coverage distance between 20 and 60 kilometers, and offshore areas may require coverage of over 60 kilometers. Service bandwidth requirements are determined based on the service type; services such as high-definition video surveillance and remote equipment control require significant bandwidth, while services such as voice communication and data acquisition have relatively lower bandwidth requirements. Base station deployment locations are typically chosen on coastal highlands, offshore platforms, or wind turbine towers, with antenna height limited by the terrain or structural height of the installation location.

[0031] In step 2, signal propagation over the ocean is significantly affected by the Earth's curvature. The line-of-sight propagation path between the base station antenna and the terminal device can be described by the geometric relationship between the base station antenna, the terminal, and the Earth's center. The distance from the base station antenna to the Earth's center is equal to the Earth's radius plus the antenna's height, and the distance from the terminal to the Earth's center is equal to the Earth's radius plus the terminal's height. The line-of-sight component from the base station antenna to the horizon can be calculated using this geometric relationship, and the line-of-sight component from the terminal to the horizon can be calculated similarly; the sum of the two is the line-of-sight coverage distance. When the terminal is within the line-of-sight coverage distance, the signal propagation path is unobstructed, and signal attenuation is relatively slow. When the terminal exceeds the line-of-sight coverage distance, signal propagation is blocked by the Earth's curvature, and attenuation increases sharply.

[0032] In step 3, frequency band selection needs to comprehensively consider coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements. Low-frequency signals have longer wavelengths, stronger diffraction capabilities, and longer propagation distances, but limited spectrum resources and relatively smaller system capacity. High-frequency signals have abundant spectrum resources and large system capacity, but shorter wavelengths result in greater propagation loss and relatively shorter coverage distances. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is large, low-frequency bands are preferred to achieve greater coverage. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is small and the service bandwidth requirement is large, high-frequency bands are selected to provide greater system capacity. Antenna selection needs to be determined based on the wavelength characteristics of the operating frequency band and coverage distance requirements. For longer coverage distances, high-gain narrow-beam antennas are needed to concentrate energy to cover distant areas. For shorter coverage distances, medium-gain wide-beam antennas can be selected to achieve a larger horizontal coverage range.

[0033] Example 2, an embodiment of the present invention, provides a method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy based on the previous embodiment, including: In step 2, the line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated based on the geometric propagation relationship, including the following steps A1-A5: A1: Determine the line-of-sight propagation component of the base station antenna relative to the horizon based on the antenna mounting height and the preset Earth radius parameters; A2: Determine the line-of-sight receiving component of the terminal relative to the horizon based on the height of the terminal device and the Earth radius parameter; A3: Determine the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the line-of-sight propagation component and the line-of-sight reception component.

[0034] A4: The marine propagation environment is divided into regions based on the line-of-sight coverage distance using a propagation area classification method; A5: Adjust the base station transmit power configuration strategy based on the propagation area classification results.

[0035] In this embodiment, step 2 establishes a geometric propagation relationship based on the Earth's curvature by: establishing a spatial coordinate system with the Earth's center as the origin; determining the position of the base station antenna in the coordinate system, where the position is determined by the Earth's radius and the antenna's mounting height; establishing a right-angled triangle relationship between the base station antenna, the horizon tangent point, and the Earth's center, where one leg of the right-angled triangle is the Earth's radius, the hypotenuse is the distance from the base station antenna to the Earth's center, and the other leg is the distance from the base station antenna to the horizon tangent point; and using the Pythagorean theorem, the distance from the base station antenna to the horizon tangent point is calculated as the line-of-sight propagation component based on the geometric relationship of the right-angled triangle. The same method is used for the terminal device, establishing a right-angled triangle relationship between the terminal, the horizon tangent point, and the Earth's center, and calculating the distance from the terminal to the horizon tangent point as the line-of-sight reception component. The line-of-sight propagation component and the line-of-sight reception component are added together to obtain the line-of-sight coverage distance between the base station and the terminal.

[0036] In an optional implementation, in step 2, establishing the geometric propagation relationship based on the Earth's curvature can be achieved by: simulating the propagation path of electromagnetic waves considering the Earth's curvature using a ray tracing method. The Earth's surface is modeled as a sphere, and the initial direction of the ray is determined based on the base station antenna position and transmission angle. The ray propagates in a straight line, and when the distance between the ray and the Earth's surface is less than a preset threshold, the ray is considered to be blocked by the Earth's surface. By adjusting the transmission angle and performing multiple ray tracings, the maximum transmission angle that is just not blocked by the Earth's surface is found, and the position where the ray reaches the Earth's surface is the farthest point of line-of-sight coverage. The line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated based on the base station position and the farthest point position.

[0037] In another optional implementation, in step 2, establishing the geometric propagation relationship based on the Earth's curvature can also be achieved by: calculating the line-of-sight coverage distance using an empirical propagation model combined with an Earth curvature correction coefficient. An empirical formula applicable to marine propagation is retrieved from a pre-set empirical formula library. This empirical formula is based on statistical analysis of a large amount of measured data and reflects the empirical relationship between antenna height and line-of-sight distance. The base station antenna height and terminal equipment height are substituted into the empirical formula to calculate the preliminary line-of-sight coverage distance. An Earth curvature correction coefficient is introduced to correct the preliminary calculation results. This correction coefficient takes into account the influence of the Earth's radius on the line-of-sight range.

[0038] In this embodiment, step A4 classifies the propagation area by: using the line-of-sight coverage distance as the first boundary, dividing the area within this distance into a direct propagation zone. Within the direct propagation zone, there is no obstruction from the Earth's curvature between the base station and the terminal; the signal propagates in a straight line, and path loss is mainly composed of free-space propagation loss, resulting in relatively slow signal attenuation. A certain range outside the line-of-sight coverage distance is divided into a diffraction propagation zone, with the upper limit of this range being 1.2 to 1.5 times the line-of-sight coverage distance. Within the diffraction propagation zone, the signal propagation path is partially obstructed by the Earth's curvature; the electromagnetic wave propagates to the terminal through diffraction, increasing path loss beyond free-space propagation loss and accelerating signal attenuation. The area exceeding the upper limit of the diffraction propagation zone is divided into an obstructed propagation zone. Within the obstructed propagation zone, the signal propagation path is completely blocked by the Earth's curvature, resulting in drastically increased signal attenuation and virtually impossible normal communication.

[0039] In an optional implementation, in step A4, the propagation area classification can be achieved by dividing the propagation area based on the measured signal strength distribution. Test terminals are deployed at different distances in the sea area to measure the received signal strength at each location. Based on the variation of received signal strength with distance, the inflection points of signal attenuation rate are identified. Areas where the signal attenuation rate remains relatively flat are designated as direct propagation areas, areas where the signal attenuation rate begins to accelerate are designated as diffraction propagation areas, and areas where the signal attenuation rate increases sharply are designated as obstructed propagation areas. The boundary distances of each propagation area are determined by fitting the signal strength data from multiple test points.

[0040] In another optional implementation, in step A4, the propagation area classification can also be achieved by using Fresnel zone theory to divide the propagation area. The radius of the first Fresnel zone between the base station and different distance locations is calculated to determine whether the first Fresnel zone is blocked by the Earth's surface. When the first Fresnel zone is completely unobstructed, the location is in the direct propagation zone. When the first Fresnel zone is partially obstructed but the obstruction ratio is less than 40%, the location is in the diffraction propagation zone. When the obstruction ratio of the first Fresnel zone exceeds 40%, the location is in the obstructed propagation zone.

[0041] It should be noted that the determination of the line-of-sight propagation component of the base station antenna relative to the horizon based on the antenna height and Earth radius parameters is achieved in the following way: The standard value of the Earth radius is read from a preset Earth parameter database; this standard value is 6371 kilometers. The base station antenna height is added to the Earth radius to obtain the radial distance of the base station antenna from the Earth's center. A right triangle is constructed with the Earth's center as the vertex, the Earth radius as one side, and the radial distance as the hypotenuse. According to the Pythagorean theorem, the length of the other side of the right triangle is equal to the square root of the square of the hypotenuse minus the square of the Earth radius; this side length is the line-of-sight propagation component from the base station antenna to the point of tangency on the horizon. When the antenna height is 100 meters, the line-of-sight propagation component is approximately 35.7 kilometers. When the antenna height is 200 meters, the line-of-sight propagation component is approximately 50.5 kilometers. The line-of-sight propagation component increases with increasing antenna height, but the rate of increase gradually slows down, conforming to the growth law of a square root function.

[0042] Furthermore, the strategy for adjusting base station transmit power configuration based on the propagation area classification results includes the following steps: For direct propagation areas, a standard transmit power configuration is adopted. Signal propagation loss is relatively low and predictable in direct propagation areas, and the standard transmit power calculated according to the link budget can meet coverage requirements. The standard transmit power is calculated based on the target coverage distance, operating frequency band, antenna gain, and terminal receiving sensitivity, ensuring that the received signal strength at the edge of the direct propagation area is higher than the receiving sensitivity threshold. For diffracted propagation areas, the base station transmit power is increased to compensate for diffraction loss. In diffracted propagation areas, signals propagate by diffraction around the Earth's curvature, and path loss is increased by additional diffraction loss on top of free-space propagation loss. The average additional loss in the diffracted propagation area is calculated according to the diffraction loss model, and the standard transmit power is increased accordingly to compensate for diffraction loss. The increase in transmit power is controlled between 3 and 6 dB to ensure that terminals in diffracted propagation areas can maintain basic communication capabilities and support services such as voice calls and low-rate data transmission. For obstructed propagation areas, no specific transmit power enhancement strategy is configured. Within the obstructed propagation zone, the signal propagation path is completely blocked by the Earth's curvature. Even significantly increasing transmission power will not substantially improve coverage; excessively high transmission power will instead increase power consumption and interference with neighboring cells. Coverage requirements in obstructed propagation zones should be addressed by deploying additional base stations or using relays, rather than by increasing transmission power. It should be noted that transmission power adjustments must be made while meeting electromagnetic radiation safety standards and equipment power capacity limitations. Base station transmission power must not exceed the equipment's maximum output power capability, and the electromagnetic radiation level around the base station must comply with relevant national standards. Transmission power adjustments are achieved through base station configuration parameters. Power configuration parameters corresponding to different propagation zones are set in the network management system, and the base station automatically selects the appropriate transmission power level based on the propagation zone of the terminal's location.

[0043] In this embodiment, in step 3, an antenna that meets the requirements of antenna gain and beamwidth is selected by: reading available antenna types from a preset antenna parameter library, which records parameters such as gain value, horizontal beamwidth, vertical beamwidth, and applicable frequency band for each antenna. When the antenna gain requirement is greater than 20 dBi and the beamwidth requirement is a narrow beam, a Luneburg lens antenna is selected. The Luneburg lens antenna focuses electromagnetic waves through a spherical lens, achieving high gain and narrow beam characteristics. Its horizontal beamwidth can reach 30 degrees or narrower, and its vertical beamwidth is relatively wide, enabling coverage of terminals at long distances and different heights, making it suitable for ultra-long-distance coverage scenarios. When the antenna gain requirement is between 18 and 20 dBi and the beamwidth requirement is a wide beam, a plate-shaped directional antenna is selected. The plate-shaped directional antenna has moderate gain and a horizontal beamwidth of approximately 65 degrees, achieving a balance between coverage distance and horizontal coverage range, making it suitable for medium-distance coverage scenarios.

[0044] In an optional implementation, in step 3, selecting an antenna that meets the requirements of antenna gain and beamwidth can be achieved by using an array antenna to realize adjustable beam coverage. An array antenna consists of multiple antenna elements arranged in a regular pattern. By adjusting the amplitude and phase of each antenna element, beams with different directions and widths can be formed. The beam parameters of the array antenna are configured according to the coverage requirements. When long-distance coverage is required, the beam is pointed towards the open sea and the beamwidth is narrowed to increase gain. When coverage of near-shore areas is required, the beam is widened to increase the horizontal coverage range. The beam parameters of the array antenna can be dynamically adjusted through software configuration without replacing hardware, making it suitable for scenarios where coverage requirements frequently change. The array antenna also supports multi-beam concurrency, allowing multiple beams pointing in different directions to be formed simultaneously, achieving simultaneous coverage of multiple areas.

[0045] In another optional implementation, in step 3, selecting an antenna that meets the requirements of antenna gain and beamwidth can further enhance coverage by employing an antenna system assisted by a smart reflector. A reconfigurable smart reflector, composed of multiple independently controllable phase-reflecting elements, is deployed near the antenna. By adjusting the phase of each reflector element, the reflection direction and beamform of the electromagnetic waves incident on the reflector are controlled. The smart reflector can reflect the signal emitted by the antenna to the direction where coverage enhancement is needed, effectively increasing the antenna gain in that direction. The phase configuration of the smart reflector can be adjusted in real time according to coverage requirements, achieving dynamic optimization of coverage direction and coverage range.

[0046] Step 4: When the operating frequency band adopts a time-division duplex system, the signal propagation delay is calculated based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band. The cyclic prefix length requirement and guard interval length requirement are determined based on the signal propagation delay. The time-division duplex frame structure parameters that meet the cyclic prefix length requirement and guard interval length requirement are configured, including the following steps B1-B5: B1: Calculate the one-way propagation time of the signal based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air; B2: Determine the round-trip propagation delay of the signal from the base station to the terminal and back to the base station based on the one-way propagation time of the signal. The round-trip propagation delay is the signal propagation delay.

[0047] B3: The time parameter configuration in the time division duplex frame structure is determined based on the signal propagation delay using a time delay tolerance configuration method; B4: Select a preamble format from the preset preamble format configuration set that meets the requirements for both the loop prefix length and the guard interval length; B5: Configure the selected preamble format into the time-division duplex frame structure of the base station.

[0048] In this embodiment, step B3 involves configuring the delay tolerance by converting the signal propagation delay into a time unit within a time-division duplex frame structure. The basic time unit of the time-division duplex frame structure is the symbol period, and the symbol period length is determined based on the subcarrier spacing of the selected operating frequency band. The signal propagation delay is divided by the symbol period length to obtain the number of symbols corresponding to the propagation delay. The lengths of the cyclic prefix and guard interval are expressed in terms of the number of symbols. The required cyclic prefix length is determined to be 1.1 times the number of symbols corresponding to the propagation delay, and the required guard interval length is determined to be 1.2 times the number of symbols corresponding to the propagation delay. These multiples take into account factors such as signal delay spread and timing errors. Based on the determined cyclic prefix length and guard interval length requirements, a preamble format that meets the requirements is selected from the preamble format configuration set.

[0049] In an optional implementation, in step B3, the delay tolerance configuration can be extended by using a special timeslot configuration. The special timeslot in the time-division duplex frame structure includes a downlink transmission portion, a guard interval, and an uplink transmission portion. By adjusting the time proportions of each portion within the special timeslot, the length of the guard interval is increased to accommodate a longer propagation delay. Specifically, the adjustment method involves reducing the time of the downlink and uplink transmission portions and allocating the saved time to the guard interval. The adjusted special timeslot configuration can support longer propagation delays and extend the coverage distance.

[0050] In another optional implementation, in step B3, the delay tolerance configuration can also be optimized by using frame structure reassembly. Multiple standard time slots are reassembled to form a custom frame structure adapted to ultra-long-range coverage. During reassembly, the ratio of downlink to uplink time slots is maintained, but the time slot length and guard interval are adjusted. By extending the time slot length and guard interval, the frame structure can accommodate longer propagation delays. Frame structure reassembly requires both the base station and the terminal to support custom frame structure configuration, and the system information broadcast notifies the terminal of the adopted frame structure parameters.

[0051] It should be noted that the calculation of the one-way propagation time of the signal based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the speed of electromagnetic wave propagation in air uses the following method. The speed of electromagnetic wave propagation in air is approximately equal to the speed of light in a vacuum, with a standard value of 300,000 kilometers per second. Dividing the line-of-sight coverage distance by the propagation speed yields the one-way propagation time of the signal from the base station to the terminal. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is 60 kilometers, the one-way propagation time is approximately 0.2 milliseconds. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is 100 kilometers, the one-way propagation time is approximately 0.33 milliseconds. The one-way propagation time is directly proportional to the coverage distance; the greater the distance, the longer the propagation delay.

[0052] Furthermore, the influence of atmospheric refraction on propagation speed must be considered in practical calculations. When electromagnetic waves propagate through the atmosphere, the refractive index of the atmosphere causes the actual propagation speed to be slightly lower than the speed of light in a vacuum. The refractive index varies with atmospheric temperature, humidity, and pressure. Under standard atmospheric conditions, the atmospheric refractive index is approximately 1.0003, and the actual propagation speed is the speed of light in a vacuum divided by the refractive index. For scenarios requiring high accuracy, the propagation speed can be corrected based on meteorological data to improve the accuracy of propagation delay calculations. For general applications, directly using the speed of light in a vacuum as the propagation speed can meet engineering accuracy requirements.

[0053] It should be noted that the preamble format configuration set is defined according to the 5G communication standard. Different preamble formats correspond to different time slot structures and resource allocation methods, and are suitable for different coverage distances and service scenarios. Format 0 preamble format has a shorter cyclic prefix length and guard interval length, and is suitable for scenarios with a cell radius of less than 15 kilometers. Format 1 preamble format, by increasing the guard interval length, can support ultra-long-range coverage scenarios with a cell radius of more than 100 kilometers. Format 2 preamble format has optimized the guard interval configuration and is suitable for scenarios with faster terminal movement speeds.

[0054] Furthermore, the selection of the preamble format needs to comprehensively consider coverage distance, system capacity, and resource overhead. Longer cyclic prefix lengths and guard interval lengths can accommodate greater propagation delays and support longer coverage distances, but they also consume more time-frequency resources, leading to a decrease in system capacity. Under the premise of meeting coverage distance requirements, selecting the preamble format with the lowest resource overhead—that is, the format with the smallest sum of cyclic prefix length and guard interval length—achieves the optimal balance between coverage capability and system capacity.

[0055] Specifically, the selection of preamble formats from the preset preamble format configuration set that meet both the requirements for cyclic prefix length and guard interval length includes: Obtain the preamble format configuration set, wherein the configuration set records multiple preamble format numbers and the cyclic prefix length configuration value and guard interval length configuration value corresponding to each preamble format; Candidate preamble formats are selected whose cyclic prefix length configuration value is not less than the cyclic prefix length requirement and whose guard interval length configuration value is not less than the guard interval length requirement. The candidate preamble formats are selected as the target preamble format by having the smallest sum of the cyclic prefix length configuration value and the guard interval length configuration value.

[0056] Step 5: When the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than the second frequency threshold, the base station configuration of multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology includes the following steps C1-C4: C1: Configure multiple adjacent base stations to form a super cell, and transmit the uplink signals of the same terminal received by each base station in the super cell to the baseband processing equipment through the backhaul link; C2: The baseband processing equipment is configured with uplink soft combining processing to jointly demodulate uplink signals from multiple base stations within the supercell; C3: Configure carrier aggregation processing at the base station to aggregate multiple carrier spectrum resources for uplink data transmission; C4: Configure multi-pilot joint channel estimation processing in the base station to perform joint channel estimation based on the positions of multiple pilot symbols.

[0057] It should be noted that the specific implementation method for configuring multiple adjacent base stations to form a super cell is as follows: Select multiple base stations that are geographically adjacent and have partially overlapping coverage areas; the number of base stations is typically 3 to 5. Configure the selected base stations as members of the super cell in the network management system and assign a unified cell identifier to the super cell. Each base station within the super cell uses the same frequency and time slot configuration, but is distinguished by different scrambling codes or beam directions. The terminal simultaneously establishes connections with multiple base stations within the super cell's coverage area, and each base station receives the terminal's uplink signal.

[0058] Furthermore, each base station within the supercell is connected to a centralized baseband processing device via a fiber optic backhaul network. The fiber optic backhaul network uses a fronthaul interface protocol to support data transmission between the base station radio frequency units and the baseband processing unit. The latency of the backhaul link needs to be kept low, typically requiring a one-way latency of less than 1 millisecond, to ensure that the uplink signals received by multiple base stations can be synchronized for joint processing. The fiber optic backhaul network employs a redundant routing design, automatically switching to a backup route when the primary route fails, ensuring the reliability of the backhaul link.

[0059] It should be noted that the uplink soft combining process is implemented as follows: A centralized baseband processing device receives uplink signals from multiple base stations within the supercell and performs time alignment processing on each signal. Because the distances between different base stations and the terminal vary, the arrival times of the uplink signals at each base station differ. By calculating the distance differences between each base station and the terminal, the corresponding time deviations are compensated, aligning the signals in time. The time-aligned multi-signal streams are then combined using maximum ratio combining. The combining weight is determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each signal; signals with higher SNR have higher weights. The combined signal has a significantly improved SNR, improved demodulation performance, and enhanced uplink coverage.

[0060] Furthermore, uplink soft combining processing also includes interference cancellation and channel estimation optimization. When multiple terminals transmit uplink signals simultaneously, mutual interference occurs between their signals. A serial interference cancellation algorithm is used to demodulate the signal from the terminal with the strongest signal first, subtracting its signal from the received signal to reduce interference to terminals with weaker signals and improve the demodulation performance of weak signal terminals. Regarding channel estimation, joint channel estimation is performed using pilot signals received from multiple base stations. Spatial diversity is used to obtain more accurate channel state information, improving channel estimation accuracy and data demodulation performance.

[0061] It should be noted that the carrier aggregation process is implemented in the following way: The base station configures carrier resources on multiple frequency bands or frequency zones, and each carrier transmits data independently. The terminal supports uplink data transmission on multiple carriers simultaneously according to its capabilities, and the uplink data from each carrier is aggregated at the base station. Carrier aggregation can combine the transmission capabilities of multiple narrowband carriers to achieve a higher uplink peak rate. For scenarios with long coverage distances and limited link budgets, carrier aggregation can also improve uplink coverage through power allocation optimization. By concentrating the terminal's transmit power on some carriers, the transmit power density of these carriers is increased, enhancing coverage capabilities.

[0062] Furthermore, carrier aggregation supports both contiguous carrier aggregation within the same frequency band and non-contiguous carrier aggregation across frequency bands. Contiguous carrier aggregation combines multiple adjacent carriers, making reception processing relatively simple, but it is limited by the continuity of spectrum resources. Non-contiguous carrier aggregation can aggregate carrier resources from different frequency bands, offering more flexible spectrum utilization, but it requires the terminal to support multi-band radio frequency capabilities, resulting in higher implementation complexity. For ultra-long-range coverage scenarios in maritime areas, low-frequency carrier aggregation is preferred, leveraging the coverage advantages of low-frequency bands while simultaneously improving system capacity through aggregation.

[0063] It should be noted that the multi-pilot joint channel estimation process is implemented in the following way: Multiple pilot symbol positions are configured in the uplink time slot, and the pilot symbols are distributed in the time and frequency domains to form a pilot pattern. The terminal transmits a known pilot sequence at each pilot symbol position. The base station receives the pilot signal and performs correlation operations with the locally stored pilot sequence to extract the channel response at each pilot position. Time-domain or frequency-domain interpolation is performed on the channel responses at multiple pilot positions to estimate the channel state information over the entire time-frequency resource. Compared with single-pilot estimation, multi-pilot joint estimation can obtain denser channel sampling points, improve the time and frequency resolution of channel estimation, and improve the accuracy of channel estimation.

[0064] Furthermore, the multi-pilot joint channel estimation is optimized using Wiener filtering or the minimum mean square error (MME) estimation algorithm. Wiener filtering designs optimal filter coefficients based on the channel's statistical characteristics and noise power to filter the channel estimate at the pilot positions, suppressing noise influence and improving estimation accuracy. Minimum mean square error estimation obtains the optimal estimate of channel state information by minimizing the mean square value of the estimation error. For time-varying channels, an adaptive channel estimation algorithm is used to dynamically adjust the pilot density and estimation parameters according to the channel's rate of change, achieving a balance between pilot overhead and estimation accuracy.

[0065] It should be noted that the deployment of base station equipment and the establishment of signal coverage are achieved in the following ways.

[0066] Select a base station device that supports the specified operating frequency band, and complete the antenna installation and feeder connection according to the specified antenna type.

[0067] Configure the operating frequency band parameters, transmit power parameters, and time-division duplex frame structure parameters in the base station equipment.

[0068] The base station equipment is activated, and the base station sends cell identifiers, frequency information, and access parameters to the coverage area through system information broadcasting.

[0069] After receiving system information, the terminal completes the cell selection and access process and establishes a communication connection with the base station.

[0070] Verify coverage effectiveness through drive tests or network monitoring systems, and optimize and adjust antenna azimuth, elevation, and transmit power based on test results.

[0071] Furthermore, power supply, backhaul, and environmental adaptability need to be considered during base station deployment.

[0072] Base station equipment is powered by mains power or solar power systems. Base stations on offshore platforms or in remote areas will preferentially adopt a power supply scheme that combines solar power with batteries.

[0073] The base station connects to the core network via fiber optic or microwave backhaul. Fiber optic backhaul provides high-capacity, low-latency backhaul capabilities, while microwave backhaul is suitable for scenarios where fiber optic cabling is difficult.

[0074] Base station equipment must be resistant to salt spray corrosion, wind, and water, and be able to adapt to harsh marine environments. The equipment casing should be made of corrosion-resistant materials, and the antenna and feeder connectors should be designed with waterproof sealing.

[0075] Example 3 is an embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment provides a 5G network ultra-long-range coverage system for the marine economy, including: a parameter acquisition module, used to acquire the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and to acquire the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; A line-of-sight calculation module is used to calculate the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship; The frequency band selection module is used to determine the working frequency band from the candidate frequency band set according to the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirements, and to select the antenna according to the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. The frame structure configuration module is used to calculate the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and configure the time-division duplex frame structure parameters when the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system. The enhancement technology configuration module is used to configure multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology in the base station when the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than a preset threshold. A base station deployment module is used to deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna.

[0076] This embodiment also provides an electronic device applicable to a 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy, comprising: a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy proposed in the above embodiment.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements a 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0078] The storage medium proposed in this embodiment belongs to the same inventive concept as the method for realizing ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy proposed in the above embodiments. Technical details not described in detail in this embodiment can be found in the above embodiments, and this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above embodiments.

[0079] Based on the above description of the implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the present invention can be implemented using software and necessary general-purpose hardware, and of course, it can also be implemented using hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a computer floppy disk, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, hard disk, or optical disk, etc., including several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of the present invention.

[0080] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy, characterized in that: include, Obtain the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and obtain the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; A geometric propagation relationship based on the curvature of the Earth is established based on the antenna mounting height and the terminal equipment height. The geometric propagation relationship describes the signal propagation path through the geometric figure formed by the base station antenna, the terminal and the Earth's center. The line-of-sight coverage distance is calculated based on the geometric propagation relationship. The working frequency band is determined from the candidate frequency band set based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirement. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is greater than a first distance threshold, a frequency band with a lower frequency in the candidate frequency band set is selected as the working frequency band. When the line-of-sight coverage distance is less than the first distance threshold and the service bandwidth requirement is greater than the first bandwidth threshold, a frequency band with a higher frequency in the candidate frequency band set is selected as the working frequency band. The antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement are determined based on the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. An antenna that meets the conditions is selected based on the antenna gain requirement and beamwidth requirement. When the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system, the signal propagation delay is calculated based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band. The cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement are determined based on the signal propagation delay. Time-division duplex frame structure parameters that meet the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement are configured. When the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than the second frequency threshold, multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology are configured in the base station. Deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna, and establish signal coverage.

2. The 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy as described in claim 1, characterized in that: After calculating the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship, before determining the operating frequency band, the process further includes: The marine propagation environment is divided into regions based on the line-of-sight coverage distance using a propagation area classification method. The base station transmit power configuration strategy is adjusted based on the propagation area classification results.

3. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The line-of-sight coverage distance calculated based on the geometric propagation relationship includes: The line-of-sight propagation component of the base station antenna relative to the horizon is determined based on the antenna mounting height and the preset Earth radius parameters. The line-of-sight receiving component of the terminal relative to the horizon is determined based on the height of the terminal device and the Earth radius parameter. The line-of-sight coverage distance is determined based on the line-of-sight propagation component and the line-of-sight reception component.

4. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement based on the signal propagation delay, and configuring the time division duplex frame structure parameters that satisfy the cyclic prefix length requirement and the guard interval length requirement, includes: The time parameter configuration in the time-division duplex frame structure is determined based on the signal propagation delay using a delay tolerance configuration method. Select a preamble format from the preset preamble format configuration set that meets the requirements for both the loop prefix length and the guard interval length; Configure the selected preamble format into the time-division duplex frame structure of the base station.

5. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation of signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of the operating frequency band includes: The one-way propagation time of the signal is calculated based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and the propagation speed of electromagnetic waves in the air; The round-trip propagation delay of the signal from the base station to the terminal and back to the base station is determined based on the one-way propagation time of the signal, and the round-trip propagation delay is the signal propagation delay.

6. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The preamble formats selected from the preset preamble format configuration set that meet the requirements for both the cyclic prefix length and the guard interval length include: Obtain the preamble format configuration set, wherein the configuration set records multiple preamble format numbers and the cyclic prefix length configuration value and guard interval length configuration value corresponding to each preamble format; Candidate preamble formats are selected whose cyclic prefix length configuration value is not less than the cyclic prefix length requirement and whose guard interval length configuration value is not less than the guard interval length requirement. The candidate preamble formats are selected as the target preamble format by having the smallest sum of the cyclic prefix length configuration value and the guard interval length configuration value.

7. A method for ultra-long-range 5G network coverage for the marine economy as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The configuration of multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology in the base station includes: Multiple adjacent base stations are configured to form a super cell, and the uplink signals of the same terminal received by each base station in the super cell are transmitted to the baseband processing equipment through the backhaul link. The baseband processing equipment is configured with uplink soft combining processing to jointly demodulate uplink signals from multiple base stations within the supercell; The base station is configured with carrier aggregation processing to aggregate multiple carrier spectrum resources for uplink data transmission. The base station is configured with multi-pilot joint channel estimation processing, which performs joint channel estimation based on the positions of multiple pilot symbols.

8. A 5G network ultra-long-range coverage system for the marine economy, employing the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, include: The parameter acquisition module is used to obtain the target coverage distance and service bandwidth requirements of the sea area to be covered, and to obtain the antenna mounting height of the base station deployment location; A line-of-sight calculation module is used to calculate the line-of-sight coverage distance based on the geometric propagation relationship; The frequency band selection module is used to determine the working frequency band from the candidate frequency band set according to the line-of-sight coverage distance and the service bandwidth requirements, and to select the antenna according to the wavelength characteristics of the working frequency band and the line-of-sight coverage distance. The frame structure configuration module is used to calculate the signal propagation delay based on the line-of-sight coverage distance and configure the time-division duplex frame structure parameters when the operating frequency band adopts the time-division duplex system. The enhancement technology configuration module is used to configure multi-cell joint reception technology and uplink channel quality enhancement technology in the base station when the frequency of the operating frequency band is higher than a preset threshold. A base station deployment module is used to deploy base station equipment at the base station deployment location according to the operating frequency band and the antenna.

9. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the 5G network ultra-long-range coverage method for the marine economy as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

Images