Coal rock sample preparation device and intelligent discrimination method

Abstract

The invention provides a coal rock sample preparation device and an intelligent discrimination method, and belongs to the technical field of coal rock physical property testing. The device comprises a constant temperature and humidity chamber, a humidity control system and a sample processing and weighing system. An electric lifting platform in the sample processing and weighing system realizes separation of a sample vessel and a sample rotating disc during weighing through lifting action, so that the weighing precision is ensured. The central control and data acquisition system manages full-automatic'lifting-rotating-descending-weighing 'circulation through a finite-state machine model, and adopts an intelligent algorithm to automatically judge whether a sample reaches moisture balance or not by judging whether continuous multiple mass changes of the sample are smaller than a preset threshold value or not. The method is implemented in a central control and data acquisition system. According to the invention, the defects of low efficiency, easy interference of precision, strong subjectivity of equilibrium state judgment and the like in the traditional method are overcome, and batch, automatic and intelligent preparation of the coal rock equilibrium moisture sample is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal and rock physical property testing technology, and in particular to a coal and rock sample preparation device and an intelligent discrimination method. Background Technology

[0002] The equilibrium moisture content of coal refers to the moisture contained in coal when the water adsorbed in its pores reaches dynamic equilibrium with the water vapor pressure of the surrounding environment under specific temperature and relative humidity conditions. Equilibrium moisture content is one of the important indicators for evaluating the degree of coal metamorphism, oxidation, and intrinsic properties, and it has significant guiding significance for coal processing, utilization, storage, transportation, and the exploration and development of coalbed methane.

[0003] Traditional coal and petrographic equilibrium moisture sample preparation processes typically employ manual or semi-automatic methods. While existing technologies, such as the patent with publication number CN115406731A, have achieved a degree of automation, they suffer from significant shortcomings: First, the device is designed for single samples and cannot handle batch processing, resulting in a prominent efficiency bottleneck; second, the continuous mechanical connection between the weighing mechanism and the counterweight base makes it difficult to completely isolate vibrations, affecting the stability of the high-precision electronic balance. Current technologies still lack a gap in high-throughput, high-precision, and fully automated equilibrium moisture preparation. Therefore, developing a device capable of multi-channel, fully automated preparation and intelligently determining the equilibrium state is crucial for improving the efficiency and reliability of coal and petrographic property research. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention aims to propose a coal and rock sample preparation device and an intelligent discrimination method, which can realize the full automation, batch processing and intelligentization of the coal and rock sample equilibrium moisture preparation process, can automatically complete the rotation, lifting and weighing of the sample, and intelligently judge whether the sample has reached the moisture balance state based on real-time data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a coal and rock sample preparation apparatus, comprising: The constant temperature and humidity chamber is divided into an upper working chamber and a lower humidity control chamber by a partition. The humidity control system includes a constant humidity generator and an active humidification device. The constant humidity generator is located in the lower humidity control chamber, and the active humidification device is located outside the constant temperature and humidity chamber. The sample processing and weighing system, located in the upper working chamber, includes: Electronic balance; The sample rotating disk has multiple evenly distributed holding holes. As the sample rotating disk rotates, the holding holes will pass directly above the weighing pan of the electronic balance in sequence. A rotary drive mechanism is located on one side of the electronic balance, and its output end has a rotary shaft connected to the sample rotary disk. The rotary drive mechanism is used to drive the sample rotary disk to rotate in steps at a preset angle. The lifting and isolating mechanism is an electric lifting platform, which is located below the rotary drive mechanism and its top end is connected to the bottom end of the rotary drive mechanism. It is used to drive the rotary drive mechanism and the sample turntable to lift and lower as a whole. The central control and data acquisition system is communicatively connected to the electronic balance, humidity control system, rotary drive mechanism, and lifting isolation mechanism, and is used to control the rotary drive mechanism and lifting isolation mechanism to work together to realize the fully automatic "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing" cycle of the coal and rock sample preparation device, and to determine whether the sample has reached a moisture balance state through intelligent algorithms.

[0006] Furthermore, the humidity control system also includes a humidity sensor, which is installed on the top of the upper chamber to monitor the humidity inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber in real time. The humidity sensor is connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored humidity data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time. The constant humidity generating device includes a glass dish and a supersaturated potassium sulfate solution contained in the glass dish, which is used to provide a reference humidity environment inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber; The active humidification device is a humidifier. The humidifier is connected to the inner cavity of the constant temperature and humidity chamber through a pipeline. When the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity chamber is lower than the set reference value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier to dynamically adjust the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, the collection holes are evenly arranged around the center of rotation of the sample rotating disk, and the trajectory of each collection hole during rotation passes directly above the center of the electronic balance weighing pan. Each collection hole can be detachably placed with a sample dish. When the lifting isolation mechanism drives the sample rotating disk to descend until the sample dish to be weighed contacts the electronic balance weighing pan, the sample dish to be weighed falls entirely onto the electronic balance weighing pan as the lifting isolation mechanism continues to descend, and at the same time the sample dish to be weighed separates from the sample rotating disk.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating system includes a heating module, a circulation module, and a temperature measurement module. The heating module is a heating coil installed at the bottom of the constant temperature and humidity chamber. The heating coil is electrically connected to the central control and data acquisition system, and the opening and closing of the heating coil are controlled by the central control and data acquisition system. The circulation module is a fan installed on the inner wall of the constant temperature and humidity chamber to force airflow within the chamber. The fan is also electrically connected to the central control and data acquisition system, and its opening and closing are controlled by the central control and data acquisition system. The temperature measurement module is a temperature sensor installed at the top of the upper chamber to monitor the temperature inside the chamber in real time. The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored temperature data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time.

[0009] The constant temperature and humidity chamber is equipped with a heating system, which includes a heating module, a circulation module, and a temperature measuring module. The heating module is a heating coil located at the bottom of the chamber, electrically connected to a central control and data acquisition system, and the opening and closing of the heating coil are controlled by the central control and data acquisition system. The circulation module is a fan installed on the inner wall of the chamber to force airflow. The temperature measuring module is a temperature sensor installed at the top of the upper chamber to monitor the temperature inside the chamber in real time. The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored temperature data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor, a worm gear reducer, and a rotary shaft. The output end of the drive motor is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer. The output end of the worm gear reducer is a gear structure, and the rotary shaft is a gear shaft. The gear structure on the shaft meshes perpendicularly with the output end of the worm gear reducer. When the output end of the worm gear reducer rotates, it can drive the rotary shaft to rotate. The upper end of the rotary shaft is provided with a connector for docking with the central bushing of the sample rotating disk.

[0011] Furthermore, the central control and data acquisition system includes an embedded controller and a touch screen; the embedded controller runs a control program based on a finite state machine model, which defines the state and transition logic of the entire workflow of the device, namely "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing", so as to drive the rotation drive mechanism and the lifting isolation mechanism to work in an orderly and coordinated manner.

[0012] Furthermore, a touch screen is installed on the top of the constant temperature and humidity chamber for setting experimental parameters, displaying data in real time, and controlling the start and stop of the program.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for intelligent identification of coal and rock samples based on any of the above-mentioned devices, comprising the following steps: S1, the weighing time interval T and balance discrimination threshold s are set through the central control and data acquisition system; S2, under constant temperature and humidity environment, the central control and data acquisition system periodically and automatically controls the device to perform a cyclic weighing operation of "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing", and records the mass data W(t) of each sample at its corresponding time point t. S3, For each sample, calculate the absolute mass difference ΔW=|W(t)-W(t-1)| within its continuous weighing cycle; S4. When the ΔW of a sample is less than the set equilibrium discrimination threshold s for n consecutive times, the central control and data acquisition system automatically determines that the sample has reached a moisture balance state.

[0014] Furthermore, the weighing operation in step S2 includes: S21, command the electric lifting platform to rise, so that the sample dish on the weighing pan of the electronic balance is engaged with the sample rotating disk; S22, command the rotary drive mechanism to rotate the sample turntable by a preset angle, and place the sample to be tested placed in the holding hole above the electronic balance. S23, command the lifting isolation mechanism to descend, so that the sample dish on the weighing pan of the electronic balance is separated from the sample rotating disk; S24, read and record the reading W(t) of the electronic balance.

[0015] Furthermore, in step S4, n=3.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the coal and rock sample preparation device and intelligent discrimination method described in this invention have the following advantages: (1) The device described in this invention integrates automatic rotation, lifting and weighing functions, and can prepare and monitor multiple samples for a long time without human intervention at one time, which significantly reduces the intensity of human intervention and greatly improves the sample processing efficiency per unit time. (2) The electric lifting platform achieves mechanical separation between the rotary drive mechanism and the sample turntable during weighing, effectively isolating the transmission of mechanical vibration of the electric lifting platform or rotary drive mechanism to the electronic balance, thereby improving the stability of the electronic balance during weighing. (3) The entire preparation process is completed automatically in a closed constant temperature and humidity environment, avoiding environmental fluctuations caused by manual opening of the box and sampling, thereby ensuring the stability of the equilibrium process and the accuracy of experimental data. (4) The built-in intelligent discrimination algorithm can automatically and objectively judge whether each sample has reached equilibrium based on real-time data, effectively avoiding the subjectivity and random errors inherent in manual judgment; (5) The entire experimental process was centrally controlled, the data was displayed and the parameters were set through the touch screen and the embedded system, making the operation convenient. At the same time, all data was automatically recorded and stored, which facilitated subsequent analysis and tracing. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the invention. The illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the coal and rock sample preparation device according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sample processing and weighing system described in this invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the sample rotating disk described in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the rotating shaft and the output shaft of the worm gear reducer. Figure 5 This is a flowchart of an intelligent discrimination method for preparing coal and rock samples according to the present invention.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Constant temperature and humidity chamber; 2. Partition; 3. Upper working chamber; 4. Lower humidity control chamber; 5. Glass dish; 6. Supersaturated potassium sulfate solution; 7. Humidifier; 8. Piping; 9. Electronic balance; 10. Sample rotating disk; 11. Container opening; 12. Sample dish; 13. Electric lifting platform; 14. Drive motor; 15. Worm gear reducer; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Touch screen. Detailed Implementation

[0019] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] It should be understood that terms such as “having,” “comprising,” and “including” as used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0022] like Figures 1-4 As shown, this invention provides a coal and rock sample preparation device. This device can automatically prepare coal and rock samples with balanced moisture content. It mainly consists of a vertical constant temperature and humidity chamber 1, specifically including: The constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 adopts a double-layer stainless steel structure with high-efficiency insulation material filling the middle to ensure the stability of the internal temperature. The interior of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 is divided into an upper working chamber 3 and a lower humidity control chamber 4 by a partition 2; the partition 2 is provided with multiple ventilation holes for connecting the upper working chamber 3 and the lower humidity control chamber 4.

[0023] The humidity control system includes a humidity sensor, a constant humidity generator, and an active humidification device. The humidity sensor (not shown in the attached diagram) is installed on the top of the upper chamber 3 to monitor the humidity inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 in real time. The constant humidity generator is located in the lower humidity control chamber 4 to provide a precise reference humidity environment inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. The active humidification device is located outside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 to dynamically adjust the humidity inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. Specifically, the constant humidity generator includes at least one glass dish 5 with a large opening and a potassium sulfate supersaturated solution 6 contained in the glass dish 5. This solution system can be used to spontaneously maintain a stable high humidity environment inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. To ensure the long-term stability of this humidity environment, undissolved solid salt crystals are always present in the solution. The active humidification device is an external humidifier 7, which is connected to the inner cavity of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 via a pipe 8. The humidifier 7 is controlled by the central control and data acquisition system and can be used to quickly raise the humidity inside the chamber to the target range at the beginning of an experiment, or to dynamically compensate for humidity fluctuations caused by operation. A humidity sensor communicates with the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored humidity data to the system in real time. The central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier 7 based on the real-time data from the humidity sensor and the user-set target humidity value. When the humidity inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 is lower than the set baseline value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier 7 to dynamically adjust the humidity inside the chamber. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] The sample processing and weighing system, located in the upper chamber 3 of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1, includes: A high-precision electronic balance 9 is installed at the bottom of the upper working chamber 3 for accurately measuring sample mass. A rotatable sample turntable 10 is located on one side of the electronic balance 9. The sample turntable 10 preferably has a ring-shaped structure with multiple circumferentially distributed holding holes 11 for supporting sample dishes 12 containing coal and rock samples. Each holding hole 11, during its rotation, passes directly above the center of the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9. Each holding hole 11 can detachably hold one sample dish 12. The position of the holding holes 11 is precisely set based on the center distance between the rotation center of the sample turntable 10 and the center of the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9, allowing the sample dishes 12 to be automatically and sequentially and accurately positioned on the electronic balance 9 for weighing through the step-by-step rotation of the sample turntable 10. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0025] The rotational power of the sample turntable 10 comes from a drive assembly installed at the bottom of the upper chamber 3. This drive assembly includes a rotary drive mechanism and a lifting isolation mechanism. The lifting isolation mechanism is an electric lifting platform 13, which is located below the rotary drive mechanism and its top end is connected to the bottom end of the rotary drive mechanism. It is used to drive the rotary drive mechanism and the sample turntable 10 to descend as a whole, so that when the weighing position is reached, the sample dish 12 on the sample turntable 10 comes into contact with the electronic balance 9, and the rotary drive mechanism and the sample turntable 10 move down with the lifting isolation mechanism, ultimately separating the sample dish 12 from the sample turntable 10. This isolates the mechanical vibration driven by the drive assembly during sample weighing and prevents the sample dish 12 from being disturbed by mechanical vibration. Similarly, the lifting isolation mechanism can drive the rotary drive mechanism and the sample rotating disk 10 to rise as a whole, so that when the weighing is finished, the sample dish 12 on the electronic balance 9 can be combined with the sample rotating disk 10 and the rotary drive mechanism and the sample rotating disk 10 can rise with the lifting isolation mechanism, so that the sample dish 12 can be separated from the electronic balance 9. Then the rotary drive mechanism can drive the sample rotating disk 10 to rotate for the next sample dish 12 to be weighed. Specifically, during the weighing process, the rotary drive mechanism drives the sample rotating disk 10 to rotate. When the sample rotating disk 10 drives the sample dish 12 containing the sample to be weighed to rotate directly above the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9, and the sample rotating disk 10 rotates to its position, the lifting isolation mechanism drives the sample rotating disk 10 to descend until the sample dish 12 to be weighed contacts the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9. The sample dish 12 is a frustum structure with a larger diameter at the upper end than at the lower end. Due to the height and shape of the sample dish 12, when the lifting isolation mechanism continues to descend, the sample dish 12 to be weighed will fall entirely onto the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9, and the sample dish 12 to be weighed will detach from the sample rotating disk 10. This avoids interference from the mechanical vibration of the drive assembly on the sample dish 12 during sample weighing, thereby improving the accuracy of weighing.

[0026] The rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor 14, a worm gear reducer 15, and a rotating shaft 16. The output end of the drive motor 14 is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer 15. The output end of the worm gear reducer 15 is a gear structure, and the rotating shaft 16 is a gear shaft. The gear structure on the rotating shaft meshes perpendicularly with the output end of the worm gear reducer 15. When the output end of the worm gear reducer 15 rotates, it drives the rotating shaft 16 to rotate. The upper end of the rotating shaft 16 is provided with a connector for docking with the central bushing of the sample rotating disk 10. The central bushing and connector are existing technologies, used to connect the sample rotating disk 10 and the rotating shaft 16, and will not be described in detail here. In practical applications, the electric lifting platform 13 integrates the drive motor 14 and the worm gear reducer 15. After the worm gear reducer 15 increases torque and reduces speed, it directly transmits the torque to the vertically positioned rotating shaft 16, ultimately driving the sample rotating disk 10 to rotate. The worm gear reducer 15 provides both high-precision indexing and positioning capabilities and mechanical self-locking protection after power failure during this process.

[0027] The central control and data acquisition system is communicatively connected to the electronic balance 9, humidity control system, rotary drive mechanism, and lifting isolation mechanism. It also controls the rotary drive mechanism and lifting isolation mechanism to work collaboratively, achieving a fully automated "lift-rotate-lower-weigh" cycle for the coal and rock sample preparation device, and using intelligent algorithms to determine whether the sample has reached moisture balance. Specifically, the central control and data acquisition system includes an embedded controller and a touch screen 17. The embedded controller is located inside the touch screen and runs a control program based on a finite state machine model. This control program defines the state and transition logic of the entire "lift-rotate-lower-weigh" workflow of the device, driving the rotary drive mechanism and lifting isolation mechanism to work in an orderly and coordinated manner. The touch screen 17, serving as the human-machine interface, is installed on the top of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 and is used to set experimental parameters, display data in real time, and start and stop the control program.

[0028] To further improve the functionality of the device and achieve independent and precise control of temperature and humidity, an independent heating system is added to the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. The heating system includes a heating module, a circulation module, and a temperature measuring module. The heating module is a heating coil located at the bottom of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. The heating coil is electrically connected to the central control and data acquisition system and is controlled by the central control and data acquisition system to heat the air inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. The circulation module is a fan installed on the inner wall of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 to force airflow inside the chamber, ensuring that the air heated by the heating coil circulates evenly within the chamber and that the temperature distribution in the upper chamber 3 is consistent. The temperature measuring module is a temperature sensor installed at the top of the upper chamber 3 to monitor the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 in real time. The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored temperature data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time. The central control and data acquisition system adjusts the power output of the heating coil based on real-time data from the temperature sensor and the user-set target temperature value, thereby achieving closed-loop precise control of the internal temperature of the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1. The heating coil, fan, and temperature sensor are all existing technologies and are not shown in the attached figures.

[0029] In practical applications, the temperature and humidity sensors installed inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 can monitor the environmental parameters inside the chamber in real time and send the detected temperature and humidity data to the central control and data acquisition system. The central control and data acquisition system receives the temperature and humidity sensor data and compares and judges them with the preset target temperature and humidity values, respectively. Based on the comparison results, the central control and data acquisition system will control the corresponding actuators to work in order to adjust the temperature or humidity. Specifically, when the temperature data monitored by the temperature sensor is lower than the preset target temperature value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the heating coil to start heating the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1, and at the same time, the central control and data acquisition system starts the fan. When the temperature monitored by the temperature sensor is within ±1℃ of the target temperature value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the heating coil to stop working, and at the same time, the central control and data acquisition system turns off the fan. When the humidity data monitored by the humidity sensor is lower than the preset target humidity value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier 7 to start working. When the humidity monitored by the humidity sensor is within ±2%RH of the target humidity value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier 7 to stop working.

[0030] When the device enters the weighing state, the electric lifting platform 13 drives the rotary drive mechanism to descend, causing the sample dish 12 to separate from the sample rotating disk 10. This design ensures that the vibration generated by the rotary drive mechanism is effectively isolated, thereby ensuring weighing accuracy.

[0031] In another embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also provides an intelligent discrimination method for coal and rock samples based on the above-mentioned device. This method utilizes the device to intelligently determine whether the sample moisture content has reached equilibrium. The method is implemented in an embedded controller and includes the following steps: S1, the weighing time interval T and balance discrimination threshold s are set through the central control and data acquisition system; S2, under constant temperature and humidity environment, the central control and data acquisition system periodically and automatically controls the device to perform a cyclic weighing operation of "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing", and records the mass data W(t) of each sample at its corresponding time point t. S3, For each sample, calculate the absolute mass difference ΔW=|W(t)-W(t-1)| within its continuous weighing cycle; S4, when the ΔW of a sample is less than the set equilibrium discrimination threshold s for n consecutive times, the central control and data acquisition system automatically determines that the sample has reached a moisture balance state. Preferably, n=3.

[0032] The weighing operation in step S2 specifically includes: S21, command the electric lifting platform 13 to rise, so that the sample dish 12 on the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9 is engaged with the sample rotating disk 10. S22, command the rotary drive mechanism to rotate the sample rotary disk 10 by a preset angle, and place the sample to be tested placed in the holding hole 11 above the electronic balance 9. S23, command the lifting isolation mechanism to descend, so that the sample dish 12 containing the sample to be tested falls onto the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9, and separates the sample dish 12 on the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9 from the sample rotating disk 10. S24, read and record the stable reading W(t) of the electronic balance 9.

[0033] After weighing is complete, the embedded controller commands the electric lifting platform 13 to rise. As the electric lifting platform 13 rises, the sample dish 12 on the weighing pan of the electronic balance 9 engages with the sample rotating disk 10. Subsequently, the embedded controller controls the drive motor 14 to rotate a preset number of pulses, causing the sample rotating disk 10 to rotate precisely by an angle via the worm gear reducer 15, moving the next sample dish 12 to the weighing position. After rotating to the correct position, the electric lifting platform 13 descends again, returning to the weighing state.

[0034] In another embodiment of the invention, the apparatus can also be used to prepare coal-rock dried-based samples. A dried-based sample refers to a sample in which moisture has been completely removed and the sample has reached a constant mass under completely dry conditions. Its preparation process is also based on a fully automated "lift-rotate-lower-weigh" cycle with intelligent judgment, but the environmental control parameters and judgment logic are adjusted accordingly.

[0035] The target temperature (typically 105℃±2℃) is set via the touchscreen 17 of the central control and data acquisition system. The active humidification device—humidifier 7—is then turned off. The glass dish 5 containing the supersaturated potassium sulfate solution 6 is removed, and humidification is stopped. The central control and data acquisition system then activates the heating system, raising the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber 1 to the set value and maintaining it stably.

[0036] The coal and rock sample to be dried is placed in sample dish 12, and sample dish 12 is placed in the holding hole 11 of sample rotating disk 10. The central control and data acquisition system periodically executes the "lift-rotate-lower-weigh" cycle according to the set time interval T, and records the mass data W(t) of each sample at time point t.

[0037] For each sample, calculate the absolute mass difference ΔW = |W(t) - W(t-1)| over consecutive weighing cycles.

[0038] When the ΔW of a certain sample is less than the set drying discrimination threshold s for n consecutive times (preferably n=3), d (Usually smaller than the moisture balance threshold to accommodate the subtle changes in mass during the drying process), the central control and data acquisition system automatically determines that the sample has reached the drying equilibrium state, that is, the sample mass no longer changes and the moisture has been completely removed.

[0039] The entire device is managed by a touch screen 17 integrated on the top of the housing and an embedded controller inside it. The controller integrates data acquisition circuits for temperature and humidity sensors, communicates with the electronic balance 9 via a USB interface, and controls the stepper driver of the drive motor 14 and the drive circuit of the electric lifting platform 13.

[0040] In summary, this device integrates automatic rotation, lifting, and weighing functions, enabling unattended long-term preparation and monitoring of multiple samples simultaneously. This significantly reduces the intensity of manual intervention and greatly improves sample processing efficiency per unit time. The electric lifting platform 13 achieves mechanical separation of the sample dish 12 from the sample rotating disk 10 during weighing, effectively isolating mechanical vibrations from being transmitted to the electronic balance 9. Simultaneously, the entire preparation process is automatically completed in a sealed, temperature- and humidity-controlled environment, avoiding environmental fluctuations caused by manual sample removal, thus ensuring the stability of the equilibration process and the accuracy of experimental data. The built-in intelligent discrimination algorithm can automatically and objectively determine whether each sample has reached equilibrium based on real-time data, effectively avoiding the inherent subjectivity and random errors of manual judgment. The touchscreen 17 and embedded system enable centralized control, data display, and parameter setting of the entire experimental process, making operation convenient. All data is automatically recorded and stored for subsequent analysis and traceability.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coal and rock sample preparation apparatus, characterized in that, include: The constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) is divided into an upper working chamber (3) and a lower humidity control chamber (4) by a partition (2); The humidity control system includes a constant humidity generator and an active humidification device. The constant humidity generator is located in the lower humidity control chamber (4), and the active humidification device is located outside the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1). The sample processing and weighing system, located in the upper working chamber (3), includes: Electronic balance (9); The sample rotating disk (10) has multiple evenly distributed holding holes (11). As the sample rotating disk (10) rotates, the holding holes (11) will pass directly above the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9) in sequence. A rotary drive mechanism is set on one side of the electronic balance (9), and the rotary shaft (16) set at its output end is connected to the sample rotary disk (10). The rotary drive mechanism is used to drive the sample rotary disk (10) to rotate stepwise at a preset angle. The lifting isolation mechanism is an electric lifting platform (13), which is located below the rotary drive mechanism and its top end is connected to the bottom end of the rotary drive mechanism. It is used to drive the rotary drive mechanism and the sample rotating disk (10) to lift as a whole. The central control and data acquisition system is connected to the electronic balance (9), humidity control system, rotary drive mechanism and lifting isolation mechanism respectively. It is also used to control the rotary drive mechanism and lifting isolation mechanism to work together to realize the fully automatic "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing" cycle of the multi-ground state coal and rock sample preparation device, and to determine whether the sample has reached the moisture balance state through intelligent algorithm.

2. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The humidity control system also includes a humidity sensor, which is installed on the top of the upper chamber (3) to monitor the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) in real time. The humidity sensor is connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored humidity data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time. The constant humidity generating device includes a glass dish (5) and a supersaturated potassium sulfate solution (6) contained in the glass dish (5), which is used to provide a reference humidity environment inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1); The active humidification device is a humidifier (7). The humidifier (7) is connected to the inner cavity of the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) through a pipe (8). When the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) is lower than the set reference value, the central control and data acquisition system controls the humidifier (7) to dynamically adjust the humidity in the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1).

3. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The holding holes (11) are evenly arranged around the rotation center of the sample rotating disk (10), and the trajectory of each holding hole (11) in the rotational motion passes directly above the center of the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9). Each holding hole (11) can be separated to hold a sample dish (12). When the lifting isolation mechanism drives the sample rotating disk (10) to descend until the sample dish (12) to be weighed contacts the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9), the sample dish (12) to be weighed falls onto the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9) as the lifting isolation mechanism continues to descend, and at the same time the sample dish (12) to be weighed separates from the sample rotating disk (10).

4. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) is equipped with a heating system. The heating system includes a heating module, a circulation module and a temperature measuring module. The heating module is a heating coil installed at the bottom of the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1). The heating coil is electrically connected to the central control and data acquisition system, and the opening or closing of the heating coil is controlled by the central control and data acquisition system. The circulation module is a fan installed on the inner wall of the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) to force airflow inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1). The fan is electrically connected to the central control and data acquisition system, and the opening or closing of the fan is controlled by the central control and data acquisition system. The temperature measuring module is a temperature sensor installed on the top of the upper chamber (3) to monitor the temperature inside the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) in real time. The temperature sensor is communicatively connected to the central control and data acquisition system and feeds back the monitored temperature data to the central control and data acquisition system in real time.

5. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary drive mechanism includes a drive motor (14), a worm gear reducer (15), and a rotating shaft (16). The output end of the drive motor (14) is connected to the input end of the worm gear reducer (15). The output end of the worm gear reducer (15) is a gear structure, and the rotating shaft (16) is a gear shaft. The gear structure on it meshes perpendicularly with the output end of the worm gear reducer (15). When the output end of the worm gear reducer (15) rotates, it can drive the rotating shaft (16) to rotate. The upper end of the rotating shaft (16) is provided with a connector for docking with the central bushing of the sample rotating disk (10).

6. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control and data acquisition system includes an embedded controller and a touch screen (17); the embedded controller runs a control program based on a finite state machine model, which defines the state and transition logic of the device’s “lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing” full workflow, so as to drive the rotation drive mechanism and the lifting isolation mechanism to work in an orderly and coordinated manner.

7. The coal and rock sample preparation apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The touch screen (17) is installed on the top of the constant temperature and humidity chamber (1) and is used to set experimental parameters, display data in real time, and control the start and stop of the program.

8. A method for intelligent discrimination of coal and rock samples based on the device described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, the weighing time interval T and balance discrimination threshold s are set through the central control and data acquisition system; S2, under constant temperature and humidity environment, the central control and data acquisition system periodically and automatically controls the device to perform a cyclic weighing operation of "lifting-rotating-lowering-weighing", and records the mass data W(t) of each sample at its corresponding time point t. S3, For each sample, calculate the absolute mass difference ΔW=|W(t)-W(t-1)| within its continuous weighing cycle; S4. When the ΔW of a sample is less than the set equilibrium discrimination threshold s for n consecutive times, the central control and data acquisition system automatically determines that the sample has reached a moisture balance state.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The weighing operation in step S2 includes: S21, command the electric lifting platform (13) to rise, so that the sample dish (12) on the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9) is engaged with the sample rotating disk (10); S22, command the rotary drive mechanism to rotate the sample rotary disk (10) by a preset angle, and place the sample to be tested placed in the holding hole (11) above the electronic balance (9); S23, command the lifting isolation mechanism to descend, so that the sample dish (12) on the weighing pan of the electronic balance (9) is separated from the sample rotating disk (10); S24, read and record the reading W(t) of the electronic balance (9).

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S4, n=3.

Images