Combined elastic short sleeper transformation method and track structure thereof
By using a combined elastic short sleeper modification method, a composite elastic support system is constructed using elastic pads under the sleeper, side limiting pads, and quick-setting damping grout. This solves the problems of short lifespan of rubber boots and difficulty in maintaining track geometry, achieving efficient vibration reduction and stable operation of the track.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUANGZHOU METRO DESIGN & RES INST CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-05
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-08
AI Technical Summary
The rubber boots of existing elastic short sleepers have short lifespans and poor adhesion, making it difficult to maintain the track geometry for a long time. This leads to a decline in vibration reduction performance and affects the stability and safety of train operation.
The method of modifying short rail sleepers using a combination of elastic pads includes elastic pads under the sleeper, elastic limiting pads on the sides of the sleeper, quick-setting elastic damping grout, and a geometric adjustment frame for the short rail sleeper, forming a composite elastic support system. Combined with vibration damping fasteners for the short rail sleepers, a dual-mass spring system is constructed to precisely adjust the geometry of the track.
It extends the service life of the elastic layer, improves vibration reduction performance, ensures the long-term stability and safety of the track, reduces maintenance frequency, and significantly improves the smoothness and safety of train operation.
Smart Images
Figure CN121992689A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application belongs to the field of urban rail transit track structure technology, specifically involving the vibration reduction and geometric optimization technology of existing elastic short sleeper tracks. Background Technology
[0002] In urban rail transit, elastic short sleepers are widely used as a medium vibration reduction track structure. Its main components include concrete short sleepers, rubber elastic boots, and reinforced concrete track bed. The working principle is to reduce the vertical stiffness of the track system and increase the damping by relying on the elastic deformation of the rubber elastic boots, thereby reducing the vibration transmitted to the tunnel structure. Compared with ordinary track bed, it can achieve a certain vibration reduction effect and is a commonly used vibration reduction track type in my country's early subway systems.
[0003] As operating time increases, field tests on numerous lines show a significant decline in the vibration reduction effect of elastic short sleepers, even falling below design standards, leading to complaints from nearby residents. Rubber elastic sleepers, subjected to complex environments of high pressure, humidity, and dynamic loads over extended periods, are prone to creep, aging, cracking, and stiffness hardening, causing the track system's vibration reduction performance to gradually deteriorate over time. Furthermore, uneven settlement and aging of the rubber elastic sleepers can result in unsupported or unevenly supported short sleepers, causing track surface irregularities and abnormal shaking or vibration when trains pass. This not only affects passenger experience but also increases the workload and cost of fine-tuning and maintenance for track maintenance departments, and may even pose a threat to train safety.
[0004] Existing resilient short sleepers have several inherent defects. The rubber elastic boots themselves are structurally fragile, prone to longitudinal and transverse cracks under complex wheel-rail forces, and in severe cases, may break and completely lose their elasticity. Under long-term train cyclic loads, the bonding interfaces between the rubber elastic boots and the short sleepers, and between the rubber elastic boots and the track bed concrete, are prone to failure, resulting in peeling and gaps. These gaps become channels for water and mud accumulation; the presence of water accelerates rubber aging, and winter freezing and expansion further damage the structure. The pumping effect of mud under dynamic loads exacerbates the problem of short sleepers being suspended unsupported. Furthermore, track elasticity primarily comes from the rubber elastic boots. Due to the small mass of the short sleepers, their ability to absorb the impact energy of upper wheel-rail vibrations is relatively limited, resulting in relatively weak vibration reduction performance. Short sleepers are distributed in pairs under the rails on both sides. In curved sections, the lateral forces of the train make it difficult to maintain the track gauge and rail base slope for extended periods, which is detrimental to maintaining operational stability. These intertwined problems pose challenges to the long-term stable operation of existing resilient short sleeper tracks, urgently requiring effective modification solutions. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a combined elastic short sleeper modification method and its track structure, which can solve the problems of short life, poor adhesion, and difficulty in maintaining track geometry of existing elastic short sleepers, thereby improving vibration reduction performance and operational stability.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:
[0007] In a first aspect, this application provides a combined elastic short sleeper retrofit track structure, comprising: a short sleeper, an under-sleeper elastic pad, a side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, a quick-setting elastic damping grout, a short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame, and a short sleeper vibration damping fastener. The short sleeper vibration damping fastener is installed above the short sleeper. The under-sleeper elastic pad is disposed between the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed and is in contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The side-sleeper elastic limiting pad is disposed between the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The quick-setting elastic damping grout fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pad, the side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame wraps around the lower part of the short sleeper and cooperates with the short sleeper to achieve positioning.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the under-sleeper elastic pad includes a type I under-sleeper elastic pad and a type II under-sleeper elastic pad. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed at the corner of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type II under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed on both sides of the middle part of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad and the type II under-sleeper elastic pad together support the short sleeper.
[0009] In one possible implementation, the sleeper-side elastic limiting pad includes a sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad and a sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad is distributed at the corners of the two long sides and the middle of the two short sides of the short sleeper and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad is distributed on both sides of the middle of the two long sides of the short sleeper and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad and the sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad together form a lateral constraint on the short sleeper.
[0010] In one possible implementation, the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame, a gauge control spring system, and a rail base slope control spring system. The sleeper positioning frame covers half the height of the lower part of the short sleeper. The two ends of the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the sleeper positioning frame. The gauge control spring system is disposed in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame and cooperates with the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame. The rail base slope control spring system is disposed on the sleeper positioning frame and cooperates with the short sleeper.
[0011] In one possible implementation, the sleeper positioning frame includes a cover plate, a hoop plate, and a cover plate pivot. The cover plate and the hoop plate cooperate to wrap around the short sleeper. The cover plate pivot connects the left side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The rail bottom slope control spring system connects the right side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The surface of the cover plate is provided with a preset cross slope and fits against the bottom of the short sleeper.
[0012] In one possible implementation, the gauge control spring system includes a gauge knob, a gauge thread, and a horizontal telescopic spring. The gauge thread is located in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame. The gauge knob is threadedly connected to the gauge thread. The horizontal telescopic spring is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame and cooperates with the gauge knob. Rotating the gauge knob can cause the horizontal telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the gauge.
[0013] In one possible implementation, the rail bottom slope control spring system includes a rail bottom slope knob, a rail bottom slope thread, and a vertical telescopic spring. The rail bottom slope thread is located on the right side of the sleeper positioning frame. The rail bottom slope knob is threadedly connected to the rail bottom slope thread. The vertical telescopic spring is located between the rail bottom slope knob and the cover plate. Rotating the rail bottom slope knob can cause the vertical telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the cross slope of the cover plate.
[0014] In one possible implementation, the short sleeper is an existing concrete short sleeper, and the quick-setting elastic damping grout fills and bonds the short sleeper, the elastic pad under the sleeper, the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper, the track bed and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper is fixedly connected to the short sleeper with vibration damping fasteners and cooperates with the rail.
[0015] Secondly, this application provides a method for modifying a combined flexible short railway sleeper, comprising the following steps:
[0016] The existing track is raised to expose the rubber boots of the short sleepers. The rubber boots are then removed, and the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits are cleaned. A short sleeper geometry adjustment frame is installed, and an interface adhesive is applied to the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits. Elastic pads under the sleepers and elastic limiting pads on the sides of the short sleepers are then attached. Quick-setting elastic damping grout is poured into the sleeper pits. The short sleepers are placed and replaced with vibration-damping fasteners for the short sleepers. The track geometry is adjusted using the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame. The strength of the quick-setting elastic damping grout is checked to ensure it meets the design value, thus completing the modification.
[0017] In one possible implementation, the under-sleeper elastic pad includes Type I under-sleeper elastic pads distributed at the bottom corners of the short sleeper and Type II under-sleeper elastic pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the bottom of the short sleeper. The side-elastic limiting pads include Type I side-elastic limiting pads distributed at the long side corners and the middle of the short side of the short sleeper and Type II side-elastic limiting pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the long side of the short sleeper. The short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a positioning frame telescopic connecting rod, a gauge control spring system, and a rail bottom slope control spring system. When adjusting the track geometry, the gauge is adjusted by rotating the gauge knob of the gauge control spring system to drive the horizontal telescopic spring to extend and retract, and the rail bottom slope is adjusted by rotating the rail bottom slope control spring system to drive the vertical telescopic spring to extend and retract. The quick-setting elastic damping grout is composed of a mixture of multiple materials and fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pads, the side-elastic limiting pads, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit to achieve bonding.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are as follows:
[0019] The composite elastic layer replaces the traditional rubber boots, solving the problems of short lifespan and poor adhesion of the original elastic layer. The under-sleeper elastic pad and the side-sleeper elastic limiting pad work in tandem. The under-sleeper elastic pad provides stable vertical vibration damping stiffness for the short sleeper, while the side-sleeper elastic limiting pad provides sufficient lateral restraint. Together with the quick-setting elastic damping grout, they form a complete elastic support system. The quick-setting elastic damping grout has high fluidity, fully filling all gaps between the short sleeper, the pad, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit, forming a tightly bonded integral structure. This completely blocks the penetration channels of water and mud, avoiding the problem of easy peeling and failure of the bonding interface between the original rubber boots and the sleeper / track bed. Simultaneously, the high strength and high elasticity of the grout, combined with the stable performance of the elastic pads, make the composite elastic layer's anti-aging and anti-creep capabilities far exceed those of the rubber boots, effectively extending the service life of the elastic layer and reducing the frequency of maintenance due to elastic failure.
[0020] The upgrade of the vibration reduction system has led to a qualitative leap in track vibration reduction performance. Compared to the original single-mass spring system of short sleepers with ordinary rail fasteners and elastic boots, this application constructs a dual-mass spring system by replacing the vibration-damping fasteners on the short sleepers and combining them with a short sleeper structure wrapped in elastic polymer. The short sleepers are fully wrapped with quick-setting elastic damping grout, which not only enhances their integrity and stress stability but also improves their ability to absorb the impact energy of wheel-rail vibration. The vibration-damping fasteners further optimize the damping characteristics of the track system, forming a synergistic vibration reduction effect with the composite elastic layer. This upgrades the track vibration reduction effect from the original medium level to a high level, significantly outperforming the vibration reduction performance of the original structure and effectively reducing the impact of train operation vibration on the surrounding environment.
[0021] The addition of a short sleeper geometry adjustment frame solves the problem of poor geometry maintenance caused by the scattered distribution of the original short sleepers. The telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame firmly connects the sleeper positioning frames on both sides, transforming the originally independent short sleepers into a unified force-bearing structure similar to long sleepers, significantly improving the stability of the track under lateral forces. The gauge control spring system, through the cooperation of the gauge knob and the horizontal telescopic spring, can precisely adjust the gauge. The rail base slope control spring system, through the linkage of the rail base slope knob and the vertical telescopic spring, can finely adjust the cross slope of the cover plate to correct the rail base slope. Together, these two systems achieve precise positioning and long-term maintenance of the gauge and rail base slope. This adjustable frame structure not only allows for rapid calibration of track geometry during the renovation and construction phase but also allows for secondary adjustments based on actual conditions during later operation. This avoids the hassle of frequent fine-tuning and maintenance of the original track, reduces the maintenance workload and costs for the track maintenance department, and simultaneously ensures the smoothness and safety of train operation. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the combined flexible short railway sleeper modification method according to an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the modified flexible short sleeper according to an embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite elastic layer according to an embodiment of this application;
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the composite elastic layer according to an embodiment of this application;
[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame according to an embodiment of this application.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the short sleeper geometric position adjustment frame according to an embodiment of this application;
[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the sleeper positioning frame structure according to an embodiment of this application;
[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the track gauge control spring system according to an embodiment of this application;
[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the track bottom slope control spring system according to an embodiment of this application.
[0032] Among them, 0. Short sleeper; 1. Elastic pad under sleeper; 11. Type I elastic pad under sleeper; 12. Type II elastic pad under sleeper; 2. Elastic limiting pad on sleeper side; 21. Type I elastic limiting pad on sleeper side; 22. Type II elastic limiting pad on sleeper side; 3. Quick-setting elastic damping grout; 4. Geometric adjustment frame for short sleeper; 41. Sleeper positioning frame; 411. Cover plate; 412. Hoop plate; 413. Cover plate pivot; 42. Telescopic connecting rod of positioning frame; 43. Track gauge control spring system; 431. Track gauge knob; 432. Track gauge thread; 433. Horizontal telescopic spring; 44. Rail base slope control spring system; 441. Rail base slope knob; 442. Rail base slope thread; 443. Vertical telescopic spring; 5. Vibration damping fastener for short sleeper. Detailed Implementation
[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0034] Example:
[0035] It should be noted that the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the embodiments of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.
[0036] This embodiment provides a combined elastic short sleeper track modification structure, including: a short sleeper, an under-sleeper elastic pad, a side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, a quick-setting elastic damping grout, a short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame, and a short sleeper vibration damping fastener. The short sleeper vibration damping fastener is installed above the short sleeper. The under-sleeper elastic pad is disposed between the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed and fits against the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The side-sleeper elastic limiting pad is disposed between the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit and fits against the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The quick-setting elastic damping grout fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pad, the side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame wraps around the lower part of the short sleeper and cooperates with the short sleeper to achieve positioning.
[0037] Specifically, the short sleeper can be an existing concrete short sleeper; the elastic pad under the sleeper can be made of rubber; the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper can be made of polyurethane; the quick-setting elastic damping grout can be a mixture of elastic polyurethane and a curing agent; the geometric adjustment frame of the short sleeper can be a steel frame; the vibration damping fastener for the short sleeper can be an elastic fastener; the track bed can be a reinforced concrete track bed; and the inner wall of the sleeper pit can be a pit reserved in the original track structure to accommodate the short sleeper.
[0038] In one possible implementation, the under-sleeper elastic pad includes a type I under-sleeper elastic pad and a type II under-sleeper elastic pad. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed at the corner of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type II under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed on both sides of the middle part of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad and the type II under-sleeper elastic pad together support the short sleeper.
[0039] Specifically, the Type I elastic pad under the sleeper can be a square rubber pad; the Type II elastic pad under the sleeper can be a rectangular rubber pad; the bottom corners of the short sleeper can be the four right angle positions of the bottom surface of the short sleeper; the two sides of the middle can be the left and right sides of the midpoint of the length direction of the bottom surface of the short sleeper.
[0040] In one possible implementation, the sleeper-side elastic limiting pad includes a sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad and a sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad is distributed at the corners of the two long sides and the middle of the two short sides of the short sleeper and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad is distributed on both sides of the middle of the two long sides of the short sleeper and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad and the sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad together form a lateral constraint on the short sleeper.
[0041] Specifically, the Type I elastic limiting pad on the sleeper side can be a rectangular polyurethane pad; the Type II elastic limiting pad on the sleeper side can be a rectangular polyurethane pad; the long side of the short sleeper can be the two sides in the length direction, and the short side can be the two sides in the width direction.
[0042] In one possible implementation, the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame, a gauge control spring system, and a rail base slope control spring system. The sleeper positioning frame covers half the height of the lower part of the short sleeper. The two ends of the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the sleeper positioning frame. The gauge control spring system is disposed in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame and cooperates with the telescopic connecting rod for the positioning frame. The rail base slope control spring system is disposed on the sleeper positioning frame and cooperates with the short sleeper.
[0043] Specifically, the sleeper positioning frame can be a steel frame that covers the lower 50% of the height of the short sleeper; the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame can be a steel telescopic rod with adjustable length; the gauge control spring system can be a horizontal spring with a knob; and the rail bottom slope control spring system can be a vertical spring with a knob.
[0044] In one possible implementation, the sleeper positioning frame includes a cover plate, a hoop plate, and a cover plate pivot. The cover plate and the hoop plate cooperate to wrap around the short sleeper. The cover plate pivot connects the left side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The rail bottom slope control spring system connects the right side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The surface of the cover plate is provided with a preset cross slope and fits against the bottom of the short sleeper.
[0045] Specifically, the cover plate can be a steel plate with a pre-set cross slope on the surface; the hoop plate can be a steel U-shaped plate that works with the cover plate to wrap around the short sleeper; the cover plate pivot can be a stainless steel pivot that allows the cover plate to rotate around it.
[0046] In one possible implementation, the gauge control spring system includes a gauge knob, a gauge thread, and a horizontal telescopic spring. The gauge thread is located in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame. The gauge knob is threadedly connected to the gauge thread. The horizontal telescopic spring is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame and cooperates with the gauge knob. Rotating the gauge knob can cause the horizontal telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the gauge.
[0047] Specifically, the gauge knob can be a steel knob with anti-slip texture on the surface; the gauge thread can be a trapezoidal thread with multiple scales, each scale corresponding to a set adjustment amount; and the horizontal telescopic spring can be a stainless steel spring.
[0048] In one possible implementation, the rail bottom slope control spring system includes a rail bottom slope knob, a rail bottom slope thread, and a vertical telescopic spring. The rail bottom slope thread is located on the right side of the sleeper positioning frame. The rail bottom slope knob is threadedly connected to the rail bottom slope thread. The vertical telescopic spring is located between the rail bottom slope knob and the cover plate. Rotating the rail bottom slope knob can cause the vertical telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the cross slope of the cover plate.
[0049] Specifically, the rail base slope knob can be a steel knob; the rail base slope thread can be a fine thread with multiple scales, each scale corresponding to an adjustment amount; the vertical extension spring can be a stainless steel spring.
[0050] In one possible implementation, the short sleeper is an existing concrete short sleeper, and the quick-setting elastic damping grout fills and bonds the short sleeper, the elastic pad under the sleeper, the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper, the track bed and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper is fixedly connected to the short sleeper with vibration damping fasteners and cooperates with the rail.
[0051] Specifically, existing concrete short sleepers can be reinforced concrete short sleepers that have been in operation for more than 10 years; quick-setting elastic damping grouting material can be a mixture of elastic polyurethane and curing agent; and vibration damping fasteners for short sleepers can be high-elasticity rubber fasteners.
[0052] This embodiment also provides a method for modifying a combined flexible short railway sleeper, including the following steps:
[0053] The existing track is raised to expose the rubber boots of the short sleepers. The rubber boots are then removed, and the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits are cleaned. A short sleeper geometry adjustment frame is installed, and an interface adhesive is applied to the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits. Elastic pads under the sleepers and elastic limiting pads on the sides of the short sleepers are then attached. Quick-setting elastic damping grout is poured into the sleeper pits. The short sleepers are placed and replaced with vibration-damping fasteners for the short sleepers. The track geometry is adjusted using the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame. The strength of the quick-setting elastic damping grout is checked to ensure it meets the design value, thus completing the modification.
[0054] Specifically, hydraulic jacks can be used to lift existing tracks; high-pressure water guns and wire brushes can be used for cleaning to remove surface deposits; and polyurethane adhesives can be used as interface bonding agents.
[0055] During construction, the existing track is first evenly lifted using hydraulic jacks to fully expose the rubber boots of the short sleepers. Aged rubber boots are then removed using specialized tools to avoid damaging the short sleepers and track bed. The surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pit are washed with a high-pressure water gun, and residual debris is cleaned with a wire brush. After drying, an interface adhesive is applied. Elastic pads are attached to the bottom of the short sleepers, and elastic limiting pads are attached to the sides. The short sleepers are placed back into the sleeper pit, and the geometric adjustment frame for the short sleepers is installed and temporarily fixed. Quick-setting elastic damping grout is poured into the sleeper pit to fill all gaps. After the grout has initially set, the vibration-damping fasteners for the short sleepers are replaced, and the control knobs of the frame are rotated to adjust the track gauge and rail base slope. After 24 hours of curing, the strength of the grout is tested. Once the preset design value is reached, the temporary fixing devices are removed, completing the renovation.
[0056] In one possible implementation, the under-sleeper elastic pad includes Type I under-sleeper elastic pads distributed at the bottom corners of the short sleeper and Type II under-sleeper elastic pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the bottom of the short sleeper. The side-elastic limiting pads include Type I side-elastic limiting pads distributed at the long side corners and the middle of the short side of the short sleeper and Type II side-elastic limiting pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the long side of the short sleeper. The short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a positioning frame telescopic connecting rod, a gauge control spring system, and a rail bottom slope control spring system. When adjusting the track geometry, the gauge is adjusted by rotating the gauge knob of the gauge control spring system to drive the horizontal telescopic spring to extend and retract, and the rail bottom slope is adjusted by rotating the rail bottom slope control spring system to drive the vertical telescopic spring to extend and retract. The quick-setting elastic damping grout is composed of a mixture of multiple materials and fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pads, the side-elastic limiting pads, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit to achieve bonding.
[0057] Specifically, the mixture of multiple materials can be a mixture of elastic polyurethane, curing agent and reinforcing filler in a certain proportion; the horizontal telescopic spring can have an extension range of 0-50mm; the vertical telescopic spring can have an extension range of 0-20mm; and the void filling rate can reach 100%.
[0058] When attaching the pads, four Type I elastic pads under the sleeper correspond to the four corners of the bottom of the short sleeper, and two Type II elastic pads under the sleeper correspond to the two sides of the middle. Six Type I elastic pads on the side of the sleeper correspond to the corners of the long side and the middle of the short side, and two Type II elastic pads on the side of the sleeper correspond to the two sides of the middle of the long side, ensuring even distribution. When adjusting the geometry, first rotate the gauge knob to adjust the distance between the left and right short sleepers by extending and retracting the horizontal telescopic spring, calibrating the gauge to the design value of 1435mm; then rotate the rail base slope knob to adjust the cross slope of the cover plate by extending and retracting the vertical telescopic spring, calibrating the rail base slope to 1:40. The grouting material is mixed in a ratio of elastic polyurethane, curing agent, and reinforcing filler of 10:2:1, stirred evenly, and then poured to ensure that all gaps are filled and all contact interfaces are bonded.
[0059] For example, the following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 To be continued Figure 9 This paper provides a detailed description of the preferred specific implementation of the combined flexible short sleeper modification method and its track structure.
[0060] Combined with appendix Figure 1 The combined flexible short sleeper retrofit method proposed in this application is applicable to the vibration reduction retrofit and upgrading of existing subway sections with flexible short sleepers in China. The implementation process is as follows: First, the existing track is raised to fully expose the rubber boots of the short sleepers; second, the exposed rubber boots are removed; then, the surface of the short sleepers and the inner wall of the sleeper pits are thoroughly cleaned to remove impurities and aged adhesives; subsequently, the geometric adjustment frame 4 for the short sleepers is installed, ensuring a proper fit between the frame and the sleeper pits; after cleaning, an interface adhesive is evenly applied to the surface of the short sleepers and the inner wall of the sleeper pits to enhance the adhesion of subsequent structures. The effect is as follows: Next, elastic pads 1 and elastic limiting pads 2 are attached to the bottom and sides of the short sleepers, respectively, to ensure that the pads are in close contact with the surface of the short sleepers; then, quick-setting elastic damping grout 3 is poured into the sleeper pit to ensure that the grout is fully filled; after pouring, the short sleeper 0 is placed and the existing ordinary fasteners are replaced with vibration damping fasteners 5 for short sleepers; then, the geometry of the track is precisely adjusted by the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame 4 to meet the design requirements; finally, the strength of the quick-setting elastic damping grout 3 is tested to confirm whether it has reached the design value. Once the strength meets the standard, the entire modification process is completed.
[0061] Combined with appendix Figure 2 To be continued Figure 9 The modified track structure of this application specifically includes a short sleeper 0, an elastic pad under the sleeper 1, an elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper 2, a quick-setting elastic damping grout 3, a geometric adjustment frame for the short sleeper 4, and a vibration damping fastener for the short sleeper 5. The elastic pad under the sleeper 1, the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper 2, and the quick-setting elastic damping grout 3 together constitute a composite elastic layer, which is used to replace the existing rubber boots of the sleeper to achieve vibration reduction and bonding functions.
[0062] Short sleeper 0 is an existing concrete short sleeper, requiring no additional prefabrication; it directly utilizes the existing structure for modification, reducing modification costs. (Combined with attached...) Figure 3 and attached Figure 4The under-sleeper elastic pad 1 consists of under-sleeper type I elastic pad 11 and under-sleeper type II elastic pad 12. Under-sleeper type I elastic pad 11 and under-sleeper type II elastic pad 12 provide stable vibration damping stiffness for the short sleeper 0. There are 4 under-sleeper type I elastic pads 11, with a recommended size of 100mm long × 100mm wide, evenly distributed at the four corners of the bottom of the short sleeper 0, and tightly fitted to the bottom of the short sleeper 0 and the track bed; there are 2 under-sleeper type II elastic pads 12, with a recommended size of 150mm long × 100mm wide, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the middle of the bottom of the short sleeper 0, also firmly fitted to the bottom of the short sleeper 0 and the track bed, jointly sharing and transferring the load.
[0063] Combined with appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The sleeper-side elastic limiting pad 2 consists of sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pad 21 and sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pad 22. Together, they provide reliable lateral restraint stiffness for the short sleeper 0. Their recommended stiffness value is greater than three times the stiffness value of the under-sleep elastic pad 1, ensuring effective lateral restraint. There are six sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pads 21, with a recommended size of 100mm long × 50mm wide, distributed at the four corners of the two long sides and the middle of the two short sides of the short sleeper 0, fitting tightly against the sides of the short sleeper 0 and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. There are two sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pads 22, with a recommended size of 150mm long × 50mm wide, distributed on both sides of the middle of the two long sides of the short sleeper 0, fitting tightly against the sides of the short sleeper 0 and the inner wall of the sleeper pit, forming comprehensive lateral restraint.
[0064] Combined with appendix Figure 3 and attached Figure 4 The quick-setting elastic damping grout 3 can be composed of two or more materials. Its physical properties must meet the requirements of high fluidity, high damping, fast setting, high strength, and high elasticity, enabling it to fully fill gaps and form quickly. The grouting volume corresponding to each short sleeper 0 is calculated according to the formula V=V 轨枕坑 -V 轨枕 -V 弹性垫板1 -V 限位垫板2 Calculations are performed to ensure that the grout can completely fill the gaps formed between the short sleeper 0, the elastic pad under the sleeper 1, the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper 2, and the track bed and the inner wall of the sleeper pit, so as to achieve a firm bond.
[0065] Combined with appendix Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The short sleeper geometric position adjustment frame 4 consists of a sleeper positioning frame 41, a positioning frame telescopic connecting rod 42, a gauge control spring system 43, and a rail base slope control spring system 44, used to precisely control and adjust the spatial position of the short sleeper 0. (In conjunction with the attached...) Figure 7The sleeper positioning frame 41 consists of a cover plate 411, a hoop plate 412, and a cover plate pivot 413. It stably wraps and fixes half the sleeper height, ensuring positioning accuracy. The left sides of the cover plate 411 and hoop plate 412 are rotatably connected via the cover plate pivot 413, and the right sides are connected and fixed via the rail base slope control spring system 44. Under standard conditions, the surface of the cover plate 411 has a 1:40 cross slope, which is consistent with the design value of the rail base slope. If the rail base slope deviates subsequently, the right side of the cover plate 411 can be raised or lowered via the rail base slope control spring system 44 to correct the rail base slope. (See attached...) Figure 5 and attached Figure 6 The positioning frame telescopic connecting rod 42 is divided into left and right parts, with both ends firmly connected to the left and right side sleeper positioning frames 41 respectively, and the middle part connected by the track gauge control spring system 43 to form an overall frame structure. (In conjunction with the attached...) Figure 8 The track gauge control spring system 43 consists of a track gauge knob 431, a track gauge thread 432, and a horizontal telescopic spring 433. The track gauge thread 432 is located in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod 42 of the positioning frame. The track gauge knob 431 is threadedly engaged with the track gauge thread 432. The horizontal telescopic spring 433 is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod 42 of the positioning frame and abuts against the track gauge knob 431. Rotating the track gauge knob 431 can compress or stretch the horizontal telescopic spring 433, thereby decreasing or increasing the track gauge. The track gauge thread 432 has 10 thread graduations, which can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. Each rotation of one thread graduation achieves a 1mm track gauge adjustment. (See attached diagram.) Figure 9 The rail base slope control spring system 44 consists of a rail base slope knob 441, a rail base slope thread 442, and a vertical telescopic spring 443. The rail base slope thread 442 is located on the right side of the sleeper positioning frame 41. The rail base slope knob 441 is threadedly engaged with the rail base slope thread 442. The vertical telescopic spring 443 is located between the rail base slope knob 441 and the cover plate 411. Rotating the rail base slope knob 441 can compress or stretch the vertical telescopic spring 443. The rail base slope thread 442 has a total of 7 thread graduations. This number can be flexibly adjusted according to actual needs. Each rotation of one thread graduation can achieve a 0.1mm increase or decrease, thereby changing the cross slope of the cover plate 411 surface and realizing the adjustment of the rail base slope.
[0066] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.
[0067] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of this application, intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this application and implement it accordingly, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application. All equivalent changes or modifications made based on the substance of the content of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. A combined flexible short sleeper track modification structure, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a short sleeper, an under-sleeper elastic pad, a side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, a quick-setting elastic damping grout, a short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame, and a short sleeper vibration damping fastener. The vibration damping fastener is installed above the short sleeper. The under-sleeper elastic pad is positioned between the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed, and is in contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The side-sleeper elastic limiting pad is positioned between the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit, and is in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The quick-setting elastic damping grout fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pad, the side-sleeper elastic limiting pad, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper geometric positioning adjustment frame surrounds the lower part of the short sleeper and cooperates with the short sleeper to achieve positioning.
2. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The under-sleeper elastic pad includes a type I under-sleeper elastic pad and a type II under-sleeper elastic pad. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed at the corner of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type II under-sleeper elastic pad is distributed on both sides of the middle part of the bottom of the short sleeper and is in close contact with the bottom of the short sleeper and the track bed. The type I under-sleeper elastic pad and the type II under-sleeper elastic pad together support the short sleeper.
3. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sleeper-side elastic limiting pads include sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pads and sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pads. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pads are distributed at the corners of the two long sides and the middle of the two short sides of the short sleeper and are in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pads are distributed on both sides of the middle of the two long sides of the short sleeper and are in contact with the side of the short sleeper and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The sleeper-side type I elastic limiting pads and sleeper-side type II elastic limiting pads together form a lateral constraint on the short sleeper.
4. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a positioning frame telescopic connecting rod, a gauge control spring system, and a rail base slope control spring system. The sleeper positioning frame covers half the height of the lower part of the short sleeper. The two ends of the positioning frame telescopic connecting rod are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the sleeper positioning frame. The gauge control spring system is located in the middle of the positioning frame telescopic connecting rod and cooperates with it. The rail base slope control spring system is located on the sleeper positioning frame and cooperates with the short sleeper.
5. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sleeper positioning frame includes a cover plate, a hoop plate, and a cover plate pivot. The cover plate and the hoop plate cooperate to wrap the short sleeper. The cover plate pivot connects the left side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The rail bottom slope control spring system connects the right side of the cover plate and the hoop plate. The surface of the cover plate is provided with a preset transverse slope and fits against the bottom of the short sleeper.
6. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The track gauge control spring system includes a track gauge knob, a track gauge thread, and a horizontal telescopic spring. The track gauge thread is located in the middle of the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame. The track gauge knob is threadedly connected to the track gauge thread. The horizontal telescopic spring is sleeved on the telescopic connecting rod of the positioning frame and cooperates with the track gauge knob. Rotating the track gauge knob can cause the horizontal telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the track gauge.
7. The structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rail bottom slope control spring system includes a rail bottom slope knob, a rail bottom slope thread, and a vertical telescopic spring. The rail bottom slope thread is located on the right side of the sleeper positioning frame. The rail bottom slope knob is threadedly connected to the rail bottom slope thread. The vertical telescopic spring is located between the rail bottom slope knob and the cover plate. Rotating the rail bottom slope knob can cause the vertical telescopic spring to extend or retract to adjust the cross slope of the cover plate.
8. The structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The short sleeper is an existing concrete short sleeper. The quick-setting elastic damping grout fills and bonds the short sleeper, the elastic pad under the sleeper, the elastic limiting pad on the side of the sleeper, the track bed and the inner wall of the sleeper pit. The short sleeper is fixedly connected to the short sleeper with vibration damping fasteners and cooperates with the rail.
9. A method for modifying a combined elastic short railway sleeper, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The existing track is raised to expose the rubber boots of the short sleepers. The rubber boots are then removed, and the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits are cleaned. A short sleeper geometry adjustment frame is installed, and an interface adhesive is applied to the surface of the short sleepers and the inner walls of the sleeper pits. Elastic pads under the sleepers and elastic limiting pads on the sides of the short sleepers are then attached. Quick-setting elastic damping grout is poured into the sleeper pits. The short sleepers are placed and replaced with vibration-damping fasteners for the short sleepers. The track geometry is adjusted using the short sleeper geometry adjustment frame. The strength of the quick-setting elastic damping grout is checked to ensure it meets the design value, thus completing the modification.
10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The under-sleeper elastic pads include Type I under-sleeper elastic pads distributed at the bottom corners of the short sleeper and Type II under-sleeper elastic pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the bottom of the short sleeper. The side-sleeper elastic limiting pads include Type I side-sleeper elastic limiting pads distributed at the long side corners and the middle of the short side of the short sleeper and Type II side-sleeper elastic limiting pads distributed on both sides of the middle of the long side of the short sleeper. The short sleeper geometry adjustment frame includes a sleeper positioning frame, a positioning frame telescopic connecting rod, a gauge control spring system, and a rail bottom slope control spring system. When adjusting the track geometry, the gauge is adjusted by rotating the gauge knob of the gauge control spring system to drive the horizontal telescopic spring to extend and retract, and the rail bottom slope is adjusted by rotating the rail bottom slope control spring system to drive the vertical telescopic spring to extend and retract. The quick-setting elastic damping grout is a mixture of various materials, which fills the gaps formed by the short sleeper, the under-sleeper elastic pads, the side-sleeper elastic limiting pads, the track bed, and the inner wall of the sleeper pit and achieves bonding.