Hydrogen supply method, device, equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production, transmission and storage scheduling, and discloses a hydrogen supply method, device and equipment and a storage medium, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining a current space-time hydrogen demand and an energy price; inputting the space-time hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model, and outputting to obtain the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain; a minimum cost combination of the hydrogen infrastructure is determined based on the minimum cost, and hydrogen supply is performed according to the minimum cost combination and the spatio-temporal hydrogen demand. The lowest cost combination of hydrogen production, storage, transmission and compression facilities is determined through the hydrogen supply chain planning model, the overall cost is reduced by flexibly scheduling trucks and pipelines and optimizing the hydrogen production, storage and transportation processes, and the competitiveness of hydrogen serving as clean energy is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of hydrogen production, transmission and storage scheduling technology, and in particular to a hydrogen supply method, apparatus, equipment and storage medium. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the deep decarbonization of energy systems has required the elimination of greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen, as an emerging renewable and clean energy source, has development potential and market value. However, hydrogen production accounts for only a small portion of the total cost of hydrogen supply for distributed end-use applications such as transportation. There is no mature HSC (Hydrogen Supply Chain) model that can take into account the spatiotemporal operational flexibility to combine all the key technology options for hydrogen production, transmission and storage, resulting in excessively high hydrogen supply costs. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The main objective of this application is to provide a hydrogen supply method, apparatus, equipment, and storage medium, aiming to address the technical problem that, in recent years, the deep decarbonization of energy systems requires the elimination of greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen, as an emerging renewable and clean energy source, has development potential and market value. However, hydrogen production only accounts for a small portion of the total cost of hydrogen supply for distributed end-use applications such as transportation. There is also no mature hydrogen supply chain model that can combine all the key technological options for hydrogen production, transmission, and storage while considering spatiotemporal operational flexibility, resulting in excessively high hydrogen supply costs.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a hydrogen supply method, the hydrogen supply method comprising:

[0005] Obtain current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices;

[0006] The spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price are input into a preset hydrogen supply chain model, and the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain is output.

[0007] The lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure is determined based on the minimum cost, and hydrogen supply is carried out according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

[0008] Optionally, before the step of inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and outputting the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain, the method further includes:

[0009] The hydrogen infrastructure of the hydrogen supply chain is selected according to the preset hydrogen production model, and the target cost function of the hydrogen supply chain is generated based on the information of the hydrogen infrastructure.

[0010] Constraints are determined based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure.

[0011] The hydrogen supply chain model is constructed based on the objective cost function and the constraints.

[0012] Optionally, the step of selecting hydrogen infrastructure for the hydrogen supply chain according to a preset hydrogen production model and generating a target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain based on information about the hydrogen infrastructure includes:

[0013] Obtain a preset hydrogen production model and select hydrogen infrastructure based on the hydrogen production model, wherein the hydrogen infrastructure includes at least one of hydrogen production equipment, storage facilities, pipelines, transport trucks and compression equipment;

[0014] Calculate the equipment and operating costs of each supply element in the hydrogen supply chain based on the cost information of the hydrogen infrastructure;

[0015] The target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain is generated by summing the equipment cost and the operating cost as the total cost.

[0016] Optionally, the step of determining constraints based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure includes:

[0017] The decision variables for the hydrogen infrastructure are obtained, wherein the decision variables include the capacity of hydrogen production, storage, compression, and transmission resources and the operating information of the resources per unit time;

[0018] The constraints of the target cost function are modeled based on the decision variables to establish the constraints of the hydrogen supply chain, wherein the constraints are at least one of hydrogen production constraints, hydrogen storage constraints, and hydrogen transportation constraints.

[0019] Optionally, the constraint is a hydrogen production constraint, and the step of modeling the constraint information of the objective cost function based on the decision variables to establish the constraints of the hydrogen supply chain includes:

[0020] Calculate the output range of hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen infrastructure based on the decision variables;

[0021] The number of online units of the hydrogen production equipment is set according to the production range to establish constraints for hydrogen production.

[0022] The hydrogen production constraints for the hydrogen supply chain are generated based on the aforementioned constraints.

[0023] Optionally, the constraint is a hydrogen transport constraint, and the step of modeling the constraint information of the objective cost function based on the decision variables to establish the constraint conditions of the hydrogen supply chain includes:

[0024] Based on the aforementioned decision variables, the total hydrogen transport volume between regions is set as the sum of the total pipeline and truck transport volumes;

[0025] Integrate the pipelines and transport trucks in the hydrogen infrastructure to establish a hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model;

[0026] Hydrogen transport constraint equations are generated based on the hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model.

[0027] Optionally, the step of inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and outputting the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain includes:

[0028] The spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price are input into the hydrogen supply chain model to obtain a set of supply facility combinations;

[0029] The preset cost optimization algorithm is used to optimize and verify each combination of supply facilities in the set of supply facility combinations, so as to obtain the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0030] Furthermore, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a hydrogen supply device, which includes:

[0031] The information acquisition module is used to obtain the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices;

[0032] The cost calculation module is used to input the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0033] A hydrogen supply module is used to determine the lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost, and to supply hydrogen according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

[0034] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a hydrogen supply device, the device comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the hydrogen supply method as described above.

[0035] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the hydrogen supply method described above.

[0036] This application discloses a method for obtaining current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices; inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices into a pre-defined hydrogen supply chain model, outputting the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain; determining the lowest-cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost; and supplying hydrogen according to the lowest-cost combination and spatiotemporal hydrogen demand. This application determines the lowest-cost combination of hydrogen production, storage, transmission, and compression facilities through a hydrogen supply chain planning model, and optimizes the hydrogen production, storage, and transportation process through flexible scheduling of trucks and pipelines to reduce overall costs and enhance the competitiveness of hydrogen as a clean energy source. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the third embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen supply chain model in this application;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application;

[0044] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the interface between the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the power grid and its control structure;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the truck dispatching model in this application;

[0046] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the hydrogen supply device according to an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the hardware operating environment involved in the hydrogen supply method in the embodiments of this application.

[0048] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0049] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0050] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0051] The main solution of this application embodiment is: to obtain the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price; to input the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model, and output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain; to determine the lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost, and to supply hydrogen according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

[0052] Since deep decarbonization of energy systems depends on identifying pathways to eliminate greenhouse gas emissions, not only from the power sector but also from other end-use sectors where direct electrification may be challenging, finding cost-effective ways to supply energy carriers such as hydrogen remains an attractive prospect. The current decline in the cost of water electrolyzers enhances the prospect of electrolyzed hydrogen produced from variable renewable energy resources being cost-competitive with fossil fuel-based pathways. Hydrogen, as an emerging renewable and clean energy source, has significant development potential and market value. It can be produced using electrolyzers, known as PtH (Power-to-Hydrogen) technology, which uses electricity to diffuse water into hydrogen and oxygen. SMR (Steam Methane Reforming) is another method for producing hydrogen using natural gas (i.e., methane). In this technology, methane gas can be obtained from renewable biogas resources, such as landfills, agricultural residues, and waste. Electrolysis for producing renewable hydrogen has been a relatively mature technology since the early 20th century. Since then, large-scale electrolyzer plants worldwide have been built near hydroelectric power stations to take advantage of lower electricity prices during off-peak periods. Three types of electrolysis technologies exist: alkaline, polymer electrolyte membrane, and solid oxide.

[0053] Meanwhile, regarding hydrogen transport and storage, most existing studies employ a limited set of hydrogen transport routes, neglecting the choice between pipelines, gas-powered vehicles, and liquid-powered vehicles, and often use oversimplified models of hydrogen transport by truck, with fixed uplink and downlink flow limits for each truck route. In reality, travel delays are unavoidable for road transport, and trucks can serve as transport and storage assets for different routes and locations. Truck availability may also vary with space and time; assuming hydrogen flow limits are constant over time and along routes underestimates the required capital costs or the flexibility of trucks.

[0054] This application provides a truck-based hydrogen model with hydrogen production, flexible transportation, and storage scheduling to evaluate the cost competitiveness of hydrogen in decarbonization for various end uses, as well as the trade-offs among various technology options in HSC.

[0055] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computer service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, or an electronic device capable of performing the above functions. The following description uses a hydrogen supply system as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0056] Based on this, the embodiments of this application provide a hydrogen supply method, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application.

[0057] In this embodiment, the hydrogen supply method includes:

[0058] Step S10: Obtain the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price.

[0059] It's important to note that spatiotemporal hydrogen demand refers to the amount of hydrogen needed in different regions at specific times and locations. The demand for hydrogen varies across regions, influenced by factors such as industrial demand, transportation demand, and power system demand. For example, if a region has a large number of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles or industrial users, the demand for hydrogen will increase. Energy prices refer to the price of the energy (such as electricity and natural gas) required to produce hydrogen. These prices fluctuate with market supply and demand, policy changes, and seasonal factors, directly impacting the cost of hydrogen supply.

[0060] It should be understood that current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices can be determined based on historical spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices, or calculated based on market research results.

[0061] Step S20: Input the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model, and output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0062] It should be noted that a hydrogen supply chain model is a mathematical or computer model used to simulate and analyze the operation of the hydrogen supply chain. The hydrogen supply chain includes multiple stages such as hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and compression. This model can calculate key indicators such as cost and efficiency of the hydrogen supply chain under different conditions based on input parameters such as hydrogen demand and energy prices.

[0063] It should be understood that when inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price into a pre-defined hydrogen supply chain model to output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain, the model needs to be constructed in advance. Furthermore, hydrogen production accounts for only a small portion of the total cost of hydrogen supply for distributed end-use applications such as transportation, as the costs associated with transmission, storage, and distribution are relatively high. Therefore, determining a cost-effective hydrogen supply chain requires careful consideration of all stages of the supply chain, including production, transportation, storage, and end-use, as well as their interdependencies.

[0064] Of course, in order to consider the technical and economic feasibility of the hydrogen supply chain and thus minimize the overall cost, step S20 may include: inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into the hydrogen supply chain model to obtain a set of supply facility combinations; and using a preset cost optimization algorithm to optimize and verify each supply facility combination in the set of supply facility combinations to obtain the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0065] It should be noted that the supply facility combination set refers to the total set of all possible combinations of hydrogen supply facilities to meet the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand. These combinations may include different combinations of hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and distribution facilities. Cost optimization algorithms are used to find the minimum or optimal cost combination, typically through iterative calculations to optimize the value of the objective function (such as total cost).

[0066] Understandably, determining the minimum cost through a model involves optimizing under multiple objectives. However, this optimization process is subject to constraints, making the optimization problem a constrained one, solved using a pre-defined algorithm. Furthermore, considering the complexity of the HSC planning model with its flexible transmission and storage scheduling, reasonable approximations are needed to make the model computationally scalable without sacrificing modeling accuracy.

[0067] Step S30: Determine the lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost, and supply hydrogen according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

[0068] It should be noted that the lowest cost combination is a combination scheme that minimizes the cost of hydrogen infrastructure by optimizing resource allocation and combination methods, under the premise of meeting specific needs or objectives of hydrogen supply.

[0069] It should be understood that after supplying hydrogen based on the lowest cost combination and spatiotemporal hydrogen demand, it is also necessary to comprehensively consider various factors such as hydrogen demand, energy prices, technological progress, and environmental policies to optimize the model and adjust it to a more scientific, reasonable, and sustainable hydrogen supply chain development strategy.

[0070] In this embodiment, the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price are obtained; these are input into a preset hydrogen supply chain model to output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain; based on the minimum cost, the lowest-cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure is determined, and hydrogen is supplied according to the lowest-cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand. The established hydrogen supply chain planning model determines the lowest-cost combination of hydrogen production, storage, transmission, and compression facilities. By flexibly scheduling trucks and pipelines, the production, storage, and transportation processes of hydrogen are optimized to reduce overall costs and enhance the competitiveness of hydrogen as a clean energy source.

[0071] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the second embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application, based on the above.

[0072] The first embodiment is described, and a second embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application is proposed.

[0073] In the second embodiment, before step S20, the method further includes:

[0074] Step S201: Select the hydrogen infrastructure of the hydrogen supply chain according to the preset hydrogen production model, and generate the target cost function of the hydrogen supply chain based on the information of the hydrogen infrastructure.

[0075] It should be noted that a hydrogen production model refers to a model constructed based on pre-determined hydrogen production technologies, which can be either hydrogen production through electricity or steam methane reforming. Hydrogen infrastructure refers to the facilities and equipment required for hydrogen production, storage, transportation, and compression, and may include hydrogen production units, compression units, pipelines, and transport vehicles. The target cost function is a mathematical function used to describe the relationship between the total cost of the hydrogen supply chain and target variables (such as hydrogen production volume, number of supply facilities, etc.). It includes multiple components such as production costs, transportation costs, storage costs, and operating costs, and is used to calculate the total cost under different supply chain configurations.

[0076] It should be understood that, given the spatiotemporal flexibility of hydrogen supply, trucks can simultaneously serve as both transport and mobile storage devices, altering hydrogen demand or production spatially and temporally while being shared throughout the hydrogen network. Regarding hydrogen transport and storage, most existing research employs a limited set of hydrogen transport routes, neglecting the choice between pipelines, gas-powered vehicles, and liquid-powered vehicles, or using oversimplified models of hydrogen transport by truck. Furthermore, each trucking route has fixed uplink and downlink flow limits, and delays are unavoidable for road transport. However, in practice, truck availability can also vary spatially and temporally. Assuming hydrogen flow limits remain constant over time and along routes underestimates the required capital costs or the flexibility of the trucks.

[0077] Step S202: Determine the constraints based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure.

[0078] It should be noted that decision variables in hydrogen supply chain management refer to constraints on hydrogen infrastructure or artificially determined limitations that affect hydrogen supply. These include, for example, the capacity or quantity of hydrogen production, storage, compression, and transmission resources, as well as hourly operating schedules. Constraints are the limitations that must be met in hydrogen supply, restricting the range of values ​​for the hydrogen supply chain model. These constraints can originate from various sources, including regulations, technological limitations, economic factors, and environmental factors.

[0079] Step S203: Construct the hydrogen supply chain model based on the target cost function and the constraints.

[0080] Understandably, when constructing the model, the objective cost function and constraints need to be integrated into a unified framework to determine the lowest-cost hydrogen infrastructure, including production, transmission, and storage, to meet given spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy (electricity, natural gas) prices. It is also assumed that the HSC is a price taker, and the interaction between the HSC and the grid is modeled, meaning that the electricity price profile at a given location is not affected by the electricity consumption of the HSC at that location.

[0081] It should be understood that after constructing the hydrogen supply chain model based on the objective cost function and the constraints, it is also necessary to simulate the model based on the training data, solve the model using mathematical optimization methods (such as linear programming, nonlinear programming, integer programming, etc.), find the values ​​of decision variables that satisfy the constraints and minimize the objective function value, and adjust the model parameters based on the simulation results to make them conform to the actual application scenario.

[0082] In this embodiment, hydrogen infrastructure for the hydrogen supply chain is selected based on a preset hydrogen production model, and a target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain is generated based on the information of the hydrogen infrastructure. Constraints are determined based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure. The hydrogen supply chain model is then constructed based on the target cost function and the constraints. By determining the infrastructure of the hydrogen supply chain, specific physical and economic parameters are provided to the model, and the target cost function is generated, enabling the model to focus on minimizing overall costs, including equipment and operating costs. Simultaneously, the constraints ensure that the model considers the practical operational limitations of the hydrogen supply chain. Through this model, a more scientific and reasonable hydrogen supply chain can be established.

[0083] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the third embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application, based on the above.

[0084] The second embodiment is described below, and a third embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application is proposed.

[0085] In the third embodiment, step S201 includes:

[0086] Step S2011: Obtain a preset hydrogen production model and select hydrogen infrastructure based on the hydrogen production model, wherein the hydrogen infrastructure includes at least one of hydrogen production equipment, storage facilities, pipelines, transport trucks and compression equipment.

[0087] It is understood that the preset hydrogen production model may include an electrolyzer, an SMR with and without carbon capture and storage (CCS), the electrolyzer being connected to different locations in the truck's power distribution system to convert electricity into hydrogen to meet the spatiotemporally varying power input and hydrogen demand, and using the truck as a hydrogen production, transportation and storage device, while also providing additional spatiotemporal flexibility through pipeline connections.

[0088] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit this application. In one example, refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hydrogen supply chain model in this application. The hydrogen supply process in two regions includes hydrogen production, storage, compression, and transportation. In Region 1, during the hydrogen production stage, raw materials (such as water and natural gas) are converted into hydrogen through specific processes. The produced hydrogen is then processed through compression / liquefaction and stored based on hydrogen demand information, or transported directly to Region 2 via pipelines and trucks. When hydrogen demand is high, the hydrogen stored in hydrogen storage facilities in Region 1 needs to be compressed and transported to Region 2. Upon arrival in Region 2, it is stored, and the hydrogen demand information in Region 2 is updated. Throughout the process, the power grid provides electricity for hydrogen production, compression, and liquefaction, while the natural gas network supplies natural gas to the hydrogen production facilities in each region.

[0089] Step S2012: Calculate the equipment cost and operating cost of each supply element of the hydrogen supply chain based on the cost information of the hydrogen infrastructure;

[0090] It should be noted that equipment costs refer to the capital costs required for the equipment in the four main elements of the hydrogen supply chain, including the capital costs of hydrogen production facilities, storage, pipelines, transport trucks, and compression. Operating costs are the expenses incurred during the operation of the hydrogen supply chain, including electricity costs, hydrogen production costs, trucking operating costs, emissions costs from hydrogen production and trucking, and off-load costs.

[0091] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but are not intended to limit this application. In one example, the equipment costs and operating costs of each supply element are described as follows:

[0092] 1. Equipment Costs

[0093] Cost of hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen supply chain The calculation is as follows:

[0094]

[0095] Production costs for all regions z and all hydrogen production facilities k Multiply by production volume Perform summation. Where, Let K be the unit capital cost of the hydrogen power generation device k. The rated production capacity of the hydrogen generator is given by resource k units in zone z. The number of hydrogen power generation devices k. Let be the annuity factor for the hydrogen power generation device k. Let z represent the set of all regions z. Let k represent the set of all hydrogen production facilities.

[0096] Cost of hydrogen storage devices in the hydrogen supply chain The calculation is as follows:

[0097]

[0098] in, This is a unit value for hydrogen storage. The capacity of hydrogen storage resources in zone z. This represents the annuity factor for hydrogen storage devices. It represents a collection of resources.

[0099] Hydrogen pipeline costs in the hydrogen supply chain The calculation is as follows:

[0100]

[0101] in, The unit capital cost of type i pipeline, Let l be the distance between regions z and z′. z→z,′i The number of pipe types i between z and z′. For the set of pipe type i, A collection of information pointing between two regions. This is the annuity factor for the pipeline.

[0102] Cost of hydrogen transport trucks in the hydrogen supply chain The calculation is as follows:

[0103]

[0104] in, For the unit capital cost of type J truck, V j For the total number of J-type investment trucks, A collection of truck types, This is the annuity factor for trucks.

[0105] Pipelines in the hydrogen supply chain Car station and storage Related hydrogen compression facility costs The calculation is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] in, Compression facilities with unit capital costs proportional to pipeline length are suitable for type I pipelines, L z→z′ Let z be the length of the pipe between regions z and z′. For compression facilities where unit capital cost is independent of pipeline length, suitable for type I pipelines, l z→z,′i The number of pipe types i between z and z′. For J-type truck compression / liquefaction facilities with unit capital cost, For storage-type compression facilities with unit capital cost, This represents the maximum charge / discharge rate of hydrogen storage resources in region z. δ represents the maximum charge / discharge rate of hydrogen storage resources in region z. COM This is the annuity factor for the hydrogen compression facility.

[0108] 2. Operating costs

[0109] Electricity costs in hydrogen supply chain models The calculation is as follows:

[0110]

[0111] Among them, Ω t Let t be the annual scaling factor for time t. The energy consumption rate for hydrogen production per unit of resources in region z is given by the value of k. The electricity price for zone z and time t. Let the hydrogen produced by resource k in region z during time period t be... The amount of electricity consumed by the compression facilities in region z within time t. Let t be the set of possible values ​​for time t. Let k be the set of resources.

[0112] The hydrogen supply chain model shows the electricity consumption of compression facilities in region z within time t. The calculation is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] in, For compression facilities where power consumption is proportional to pipe length, type I pipes are suitable. z→z′ Let z be the length of the pipe between regions z and z′. For compression facilities where power consumption is independent of pipe length, type I pipes are suitable. For the J-type truck compression / liquefaction facility, It is a power storage type compression facility. Let be the charge quantity of the hydrogen storage resources in region z. Technical capabilities for J-type trucks.

[0115] This represents the amount of hydrogen transported between region z and z′ via pipeline i for hydrogen exchange in region z. This represents the hydrogen outflow rate during hydrogen exchange between region z and z′ via pipe i. Let be the amount of hydrogen consumed by resource s in region z during time t.

[0116] Production costs of the hydrogen supply chain model The calculation is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] in, Let Z be the price of natural gas in region z during time t. Let be the natural gas consumption rate per unit of hydrogen production in region z. Let Ω represent the hydrogen produced by resource k in region z during time period t. t t is the annual scaling factor for time t.

[0119] Operating costs of hydrogen truck transportation in a hydrogen supply chain model The calculation is as follows:

[0120]

[0121] Among them, Ω t t is the annual scaling factor for time t. Let represent the number of fully loaded type j trucks that arrive within time t from z to z′. Let be the number of empty type j trucks that arrive within time t from z to z′. To fully load the unit operating cost of the truck, L is the unit operating cost of empty trucks. z→z′ Let z be the pipe lengths for regions z and z′.

[0122] Emissions costs of hydrogen production and truck transportation in a hydrogen supply chain model The calculation is as follows:

[0123]

[0124] Among them, Ω t c is the annual scaling factor for time t. EMI For carbon emission prices, Let k be the unit emission rate of hydrogen production resource k. Let the hydrogen produced by resource k in region z during time period t be... For J-type truck emission rates, For J truck technology capabilities, Let represent the number of fully loaded type j trucks that arrive within time t from z to z′. Let t be the number of empty type j trucks that arrive within the time t from z to z′.

[0125] Loss of load in hydrogen supply chain model The calculation is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] Among them, Ωt Let be the annual scaling factor for time t. LOS For unit load loss, The hydrogen load loss in region z within time t.

[0128] Step S2013: The sum of the equipment cost and the operating cost is used as the total cost to generate the target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain.

[0129] It should be understood that the target cost function is a mathematical model used to describe and predict a specific objective (such as total cost). The target cost function will be used to describe how the total cost of the hydrogen supply chain changes with various factors (such as production volume, operating time, market price, etc.). By constructing such a function, decision-makers can better understand the cost structure and formulate more effective cost control strategies.

[0130] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit this application. In one example, referring to the example above, the total cost related to hydrogen infrastructure includes the capital and operating costs of the four main elements of the supply chain, and the target cost function of the hydrogen supply chain is calculated as follows:

[0131]

[0132] Here, minC represents the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0133] In the third embodiment, step S202 includes:

[0134] Step S2021: Obtain the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure, wherein the decision variables include the capacity of hydrogen production, storage, compression and transmission resources and the operating information of the resources per unit time;

[0135] It should be understood that decision variables are parameters or factors that need to be considered and determined when planning or optimizing hydrogen infrastructure. In the process of solving the hydrogen supply chain model, optimization needs to be completed under multiple objectives, and the optimization process is subject to constraints.

[0136] It is understandable that the decision variables for obtaining the hydrogen infrastructure can be based on historical data of hydrogen infrastructure operation, including analysis of production volume, storage volume, compression efficiency, and transmission capacity. Alternatively, the identified hydrogen infrastructure can be evaluated, including assessments of production, storage, compression, and transmission capabilities, and the facility's capacity and operating parameters can be determined based on the evaluation results. Of course, to improve the accuracy of the hydrogen supply chain model optimization, it is also necessary to monitor and obtain resource operating information per unit time in real time.

[0137] Step S2022: Model the constraint information of the target cost function based on the decision variables to establish the constraints of the hydrogen supply chain, wherein the constraints are at least one of hydrogen production constraints, hydrogen storage constraints, and hydrogen transportation constraints.

[0138] It should be understood that, during hydrogen production, the output of each hydrogen production facility must be kept within its lower and upper limits, and the number of hydrogen production units in operation needs to be controlled to limit output and determine hydrogen production constraints; during hydrogen storage, the cumulative stored hydrogen should be kept below its maximum capacity and greater than the volume required for buffer gas, and hydrogen storage constraints are determined based on storage capacity; during hydrogen transportation, hydrogen transportation constraints are determined based on the fact that the total amount of hydrogen transported between two regions is equal to the sum of the total amount transported by pipeline and truck.

[0139] For ease of understanding, the following example is provided, but it does not limit this application. In one example, the hydrogen storage constraint is that the cumulative stored hydrogen should be kept below its maximum capacity and greater than the volume required for the buffer gas. The constraint model is as follows:

[0140]

[0141] in, Available storage capacity For charge / discharge efficiency (typically 100% for hydrogen storage), It is the ratio of minimum hydrogen storage capacity to maximum capacity. The amount of hydrogen consumed by resource s in region z during time τ. Let be the amount of hydrogen consumed by resource s during time τ when it discharges in region z.

[0142] The charging rate of hydrogen storage is physically limited by compressibility, as follows:

[0143]

[0144] in, The amount of hydrogen consumed by resource s in region z during time t. Hydrogen is stored in region z for resource s. Since discharging from storage to demand (high pressure to low pressure) does not require expensive compression facilities, the discharge rate can be much higher than the charging rate, thus eliminating the need for discharge limits.

[0145] In this embodiment, a preset hydrogen production model is obtained, and hydrogen infrastructure is selected based on the model. The equipment and operating costs of each supply element in the hydrogen supply chain are calculated based on the cost information of the hydrogen infrastructure. The sum of the equipment and operating costs is used as the total cost to generate the target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain. By establishing the target cost function, the impact of each supply element on the total cost can be clearly seen. Based on the output of the cost function, production scale, equipment selection, or operating strategies can be adjusted to achieve cost optimization.

[0146] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application. Based on the third embodiment described above, a fourth embodiment of the hydrogen supply method of this application is proposed.

[0147] In the fourth embodiment, step S2022 includes:

[0148] Step S21: Calculate the output range of the hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen infrastructure based on the decision variables.

[0149] It's important to understand that the production range refers to the minimum and maximum amount of hydrogen that a hydrogen production facility can produce under specific conditions. This range is influenced by decision variables such as the type and number of production facilities, and operating time. Furthermore, the production capacity of each hydrogen production facility must be maintained within its lower and upper limits, and the number of units to be started and shut down is determined based on the production capacity.

[0150] It is understandable that calculating the output range of hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen infrastructure based on the decision variables can be done by calculating the maximum hydrogen capacity of the hydrogen supply chain based on the capacity of each hydrogen infrastructure, and calculating the minimum hydrogen output of the hydrogen supply chain based on the hydrogen supply demand of each region.

[0151] Step S22: Set the number of online units of the hydrogen production equipment according to the production range to determine the constraints of hydrogen production.

[0152] It should be noted that the number of online units refers to the number of units actually operating and used for hydrogen production during the production process. This number is typically set and adjusted based on factors such as production demand, equipment capacity, and energy efficiency. Constraints, in the management of hydrogen production equipment, refer to the mathematical expressions describing the relationships between variables in a steady-state system.

[0153] It should be understood that the production range ensures that the output of each hydrogen production facility must be kept within its lower and upper limits. At the same time, the number of online hydrogen production facilities is controlled based on feedback information on changes in hydrogen demand to avoid resource waste. When limiting the number of online hydrogen production facilities, the limit can be based on the time interval between the start-up and shutdown of the hydrogen production facilities, and the number of online units must be less than the number of available generator units.

[0154] Step S23: Generate hydrogen production constraints for the hydrogen supply chain based on the constraints.

[0155] For ease of understanding, the following examples are provided, but they do not limit this application. In one example, refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the interface between the water electrolysis hydrogen production unit and the power grid and its control structure. The PtH system operates by applying direct current (DC) through two electrodes immersed in water within the electrolyzer, causing water molecules (H₂O) to diffuse into hydrogen (H₂) and oxygen (O₂). In this setup, the PtH unit requires a high level of DC current supplied from a low-voltage power source. Therefore, the AC power grid needs to be rectified and regulated by an AC-DC converter (rectifier). The PtH control system monitors the hydrogen pressure F* and the PtH pressure F. PtH Power control is performed, a control signal is generated and conveyed to the rectifier belt, and the rectifier controls the input power flow PtH. PtH This controls the amount of hydrogen produced. Simultaneously, the current power p* is fed to the power controller based on the power calculator. The PtH system utilizes a feedback pressure controller to regulate the reservoir pressure. For this purpose, the pressure controller adjusts the pressure based on the hydrogen density ρ in the electrolyzer. PtH Hydrogen pressure F* and hydrogen storage density ρ Sto As a feedback quantity, the compressor input power P Cmp A reference signal is generated to control the compression power of the compressor.

[0156] The steady-state equation for the PtH flow rate in the control system is as follows:

[0157]

[0158] in, For the PtH unit input power, η represents the amount of hydrogen flowing out of the electrolyzer unit. PtH The efficiency of the PtH unit is given. t represents time, T represents the preset set of hydrogen production times, and h represents the water level in the hydrogen production facility. PtH The power-to-hydrogen conversion coefficient is calculated as follows:

[0159]

[0160] Where, ηF Let F be the electromagnetic induction efficiency, and v be the electromagnetic induction constant. PtH This is the input voltage for the PtH cell. This represents the set of water levels in a pre-designed hydrogen production facility.

[0161] The efficiency η of the PtH device PtH The calculation is as follows:

[0162]

[0163] In the formula Because of the low calorific value of hydrogen, The density of hydrogen gas, For the PtH unit input power, This represents the amount of hydrogen flowing out of the unit from the electrolyzer.

[0164] The steady-state equation of the pressure controller is as follows:

[0165]

[0166] In the formula, k, R, T PtH These are the multidirectional coefficient, gas constant, and PtH temperature, respectively. For hydrogen storage pressure, The pressure is for the PtH device.

[0167] Input power to the compressor.

[0168] The output of each hydrogen production facility must be maintained within its lower and upper limits, as follows:

[0169]

[0170] in, For the maximum output of hydrogen production facility k in region z, Let k be the minimum output of hydrogen production facility k in region z. Let n be the rated dimensions of the hydrogen production unit in hydrogen production facility k in region z. k,z,t This indicates the number of online units in hydrogen production facility k in region z. k,z This indicates the number of available generator sets in hydrogen production facility k in region z, and the number of online generator sets must be less than the number of available generator sets.

[0171] Depend on and This indicates the number of start-up and shutdown units in hydrogen production facility k within region z. The time interval between unit start-up and restart is limited, and vice versa. Minimum start-up and shutdown times are represented by... and The constraints are as follows:

[0172]

[0173] At the same time, in various settings, for n k,z,t Using continuous variables instead of integer variables has little impact on the planning results.

[0174] Of course, in order to improve the efficiency and flexibility of hydrogen transportation, step S2022 may include: setting the total amount of hydrogen transportation between regions as the sum of the total amount of pipeline and truck transportation based on the decision variables; integrating the pipelines and transport trucks in the hydrogen infrastructure to establish a hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model; and generating hydrogen transmission constraint equations based on the hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model.

[0175] It should be noted that the total hydrogen transport volume refers to the total amount of hydrogen transported from one region to another within a certain period of time using different modes of transport (such as pipelines and trucks). The hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model plans and arranges the time, routes, and load capacity of trucks transporting hydrogen, while determining the optimal paths for hydrogen trucks within the hydrogen transport network to ensure that hydrogen is delivered to its destination on time, in the required quantity, and safely. The hydrogen transport constraint equations are a series of constraint equations generated by the hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model to describe and optimize the hydrogen transport process. These may include time constraints (such as delivery within a specified time), capacity constraints (such as truck or pipeline transport capacity limitations), and safety constraints (such as avoiding dangerous areas or conditions), used to solve the optimization problem to find the optimal hydrogen transport solution.

[0176] For ease of understanding, examples are given below, but they do not limit this application.

[0177] In one example, considering the balance of hydrogen transportation, the total amount of hydrogen transported between the two regions is equal to the sum of the total amount transported by pipeline and by truck. This can be modeled to obtain the following equation:

[0178]

[0179] in, This indicates that hydrogen is transported to region z within time t. Represents the z region and z during time t. ′ Hydrogen exchange occurs between them in region z via pipe i. A positive value indicates that hydrogen is being transported to region z, while a negative value indicates that hydrogen is flowing out of region z. The value represents the amount of hydrogen exchanged by truck J in region Z at time t. A positive value indicates that the truck is emitting hydrogen into zone z, while a negative value indicates that the truck is emitting hydrogen from zone z. When considering pipelines, zone z and z... ′ Hydrogen exchange in zone z via pipeline i can be divided into hydrogen transport. And hydrogen flow out Specifically as follows:

[0180]

[0181] The flow rate of hydrogen through type i pipe is determined by the operating limit of pipe i. Multiply by the number of existing pipelines l of pipeline i z→z,′i The decision is as follows:

[0182]

[0183] The pipeline also has storage capacity through pipeline packing, which is modeled as follows:

[0184]

[0185] The maximum hydrogen storage capacity in the pipeline is used for This indicates that the minimum storage capacity is usually 0, using Indicates. l z→z,′i The number of pipe types i between z and z′. and Represents the z region and z during time τ. ′ Hydrogen exchange occurs between them in region z via pipe i.

[0186] When considering trucks, the integrated flexible truck scheduling and route model accurately captures truck travel delays and allows trucks to share routes across different areas. We use different sets of variables to represent fully loaded and empty trucks. Within each set, the truck status is further divided into in-stock trucks for each area and transport trucks between each pair of areas, the latter including departing, traveling, and arriving trucks. References Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the truck dispatching model in this application. Although the number of trucks is essentially an integer, it can be relaxed to a continuous variable to improve the traceability of the calculation. The sum of fully loaded trucks and empty trucks should equal the total number of trucks deployed, as follows:

[0187]

[0188] in, The number of fully loaded type J trucks within time t. V represents the number of empty type j trucks within time t. j This represents the total number of type J trucks.

[0189] Full (empty) trucks include full (empty) trucks that transport and stop in various areas, as follows:

[0190]

[0191] in, Let represent the number of fully loaded type j trucks being transported during the time t from z to z′. This represents the number of fully loaded type j trucks that remain in region z within time t. Let be the number of empty type j trucks being transported during the time t from z to z′. Let J be the number of empty type J trucks that remain in region z during time t.

[0192] The change in the total number of full (empty) trucks available in Zone Z should equal the number of trucks charging (uncharging) minus the number of trucks unloading (charging) in Zone Z plus the number of just arrived full (empty) trucks minus the number of just departed full (empty) trucks, as follows:

[0193]

[0194] in, Let J be the number of fully loaded type J trucks that stayed in region z within time t-1. Let J be the number of empty type J trucks that remain in region z within time t-1. The number of type j trucks that charge region z within time t. Let be the number of type j trucks that unload in region z within time t. Let J be the number of fully loaded type j trucks that depart from region z to Z′ within time t-1. Let J be the number of empty type j trucks that depart from region z to Z′ within time t-1. Let J be the number of fully loaded type J trucks that arrive from region z to z′ within time t-1. Let be the number of empty type j trucks that arrive from region z to Z′ within time t-1.

[0195] And transferred from zone z to zone z ′ The change in the total number of fully loaded (empty) trucks in zone z should equal the number of fully loaded (empty) trucks that just departed from zone z minus the number of trucks that just arrived in zone z. ′ The number of fully loaded (empty) trucks in the district is as follows:

[0196]

[0197] The above establishes a minimum travel time delay model, where the number of full (empty) trucks transported from z to z′ at time t should be greater than the number transported at time t-Δ. z→z′ The number of full (empty) trucks originating from z between +1 and t is shown below:

[0198]

[0199] Where e represents time, Let e ​​be the number of fully loaded type j trucks that depart from region z to Z′ within time e. Let Δ be the number of empty type j trucks that depart from region z to Z′ within time e. z→z′ Let z be the time required to travel from region z to z′.

[0200] From time t+1 to time t+Δ z→z′ The number of full (empty) trucks from z to z′ should be greater than the number of full (empty) trucks from z to z′, as shown below:

[0201]

[0202] in, Let e ​​be the number of fully loaded type j trucks that arrive from region z to z′ within time e. Let e ​​be the number of empty type j trucks that arrive from region z to z′ within time e.

[0203] The amount of hydrogen delivered to zone z should be equal to the truck capacity multiplied by the number of unloaded trucks minus the number of filled trucks, adjusted according to hydrogen evaporation losses during truck transport and compression, as shown in the following formula:

[0204]

[0205] in, The number of type j trucks that charge region z within time t. Let J be the number of type J trucks that unload in region z within time t. The symbol represents the amount of hydrogen exchanged by truck J in region Z at time t. σ represents the maximum hydrogen storage capacity for a type J truck. j The evaporation coefficient of hydrogen during truck transport and compression.

[0206] Meanwhile, the charging capacity of electric vehicle charging stations is limited by their compression or liquefaction capabilities, as detailed below:

[0207]

[0208] in, This represents the maximum total hydrogen storage capacity for type j trucks in region z.

[0209] In this embodiment, by accurately modeling the constraints of hydrogen production and transportation, and by integrating the total amount of hydrogen transported by hydrogen production units, pipelines, and trucks into the decision variables, the allocation of hydrogen can be managed more effectively, ensuring that hydrogen resources can be allocated according to demand, reducing waste, and improving the overall cost optimization efficiency.

[0210] It should be noted that the above examples are only for understanding this application and do not constitute a limitation on the hydrogen supply method of this application. Any simple modifications based on this technical concept are within the protection scope of this application.

[0211] This application also provides a hydrogen supply device, please refer to... Figure 8 The hydrogen supply device includes:

[0212] Information acquisition module 10 is used to acquire the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy price;

[0213] The cost calculation module 20 is used to input the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

[0214] The hydrogen supply module 30 is used to determine the lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost, and to supply hydrogen according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

[0215] The hydrogen supply device provided in this application, employing the hydrogen supply method described in the above embodiments, can solve the technical problem of hydrogen supply. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the hydrogen supply device provided in this application are the same as those of the hydrogen supply method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of the hydrogen supply device are the same as those disclosed in the methods of the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0216] This application provides a hydrogen supply device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the hydrogen supply method in Embodiment 1 above.

[0217] The following is for reference. Figure 9 The diagram illustrates a structural schematic of a hydrogen supply device suitable for implementing embodiments of this application. The hydrogen supply device in the embodiments of this application may include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, laptops, digital radio receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Description), PMPs (Portable Media Players), in-vehicle terminals (e.g., in-vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 9 The hydrogen supply equipment shown is merely an example and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0218] like Figure 9As shown, the hydrogen supply device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. The RAM 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the hydrogen supply device. The processing unit 1001, ROM 1002, and RAM 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the I / O interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, a touchscreen, touchpad, keyboard, mouse, image sensor, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), speaker, vibrator, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tape, hard disk, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the hydrogen supply equipment to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other equipment to exchange data. Although the figure shows hydrogen supply equipment with various systems, it should be understood that implementation or possession of all the systems shown is not required. More or fewer systems may be implemented alternatively.

[0219] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from ROM 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0220] The hydrogen supply equipment provided in this application, employing the hydrogen supply method described in the above embodiments, addresses the technical problem of excessively high hydrogen supply costs due to the need to eliminate greenhouse gas emissions in the deep decarbonization of energy systems in recent years, despite hydrogen's potential and market value as an emerging renewable and clean energy source. Hydrogen production only accounts for a small portion of the total cost of hydrogen supply for distributed end-use applications such as transportation, and there is currently no mature hydrogen supply chain model that can consider the flexibility of spatiotemporal operations to combine all key technological options for hydrogen production, transmission, and storage. Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the hydrogen supply equipment provided in this application are the same as those of the hydrogen supply method provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this hydrogen supply equipment are the same as those disclosed in the previous embodiment method, and will not be repeated here.

[0221] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0222] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0223] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to perform the hydrogen supply method in the above embodiments.

[0224] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0225] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the hydrogen supply equipment; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the hydrogen supply equipment.

[0226] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the hydrogen supply device, enable the hydrogen supply device to implement the hydrogen supply method described above.

[0227] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, and conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a Local Area Network (LAN) or a Wide Area Network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0228] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0229] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0230] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the above-described hydrogen supply method. This addresses the technical problem that, in recent years, the deep decarbonization of energy systems requires the elimination of greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen, as an emerging renewable and clean energy source, has development potential and market value. However, hydrogen production only accounts for a small portion of the total cost of hydrogen supply for distributed end-use applications such as transportation. Furthermore, there is no mature hydrogen supply chain model that can consider the flexibility of spatiotemporal operations to combine all key technological options for hydrogen production, transmission, and storage, leading to excessively high hydrogen supply costs. Compared to existing technologies, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as those of the hydrogen supply method provided in the above embodiments, and will not be elaborated upon here.

[0231] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for supplying hydrogen, characterized in that, The hydrogen supply method includes: Obtain current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices; The spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price are input into a preset hydrogen supply chain model, and the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain is output. The lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure is determined based on the minimum cost, and hydrogen supply is carried out according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

2. The hydrogen supply method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before the step of inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and outputting the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain, the method further includes: The hydrogen infrastructure of the hydrogen supply chain is selected according to the preset hydrogen production model, and the target cost function of the hydrogen supply chain is generated based on the information of the hydrogen infrastructure. Constraints are determined based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure. The hydrogen supply chain model is constructed based on the objective cost function and the constraints.

3. The hydrogen supply method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of selecting hydrogen infrastructure for the hydrogen supply chain based on a preset hydrogen production model and generating a target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain based on information about the hydrogen infrastructure includes: Obtain a preset hydrogen production model and select hydrogen infrastructure based on the hydrogen production model, wherein the hydrogen infrastructure includes at least one of hydrogen production equipment, storage facilities, pipelines, transport trucks and compression equipment; Calculate the equipment and operating costs of each supply element in the hydrogen supply chain based on the cost information of the hydrogen infrastructure; The target cost function for the hydrogen supply chain is generated by summing the equipment cost and the operating cost as the total cost.

4. The hydrogen supply method as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The step of determining constraints based on the decision variables of the hydrogen infrastructure includes: The decision variables for the hydrogen infrastructure are obtained, wherein the decision variables include the capacity of hydrogen production, storage, compression, and transmission resources and the operating information of the resources per unit time; The constraints of the target cost function are modeled based on the decision variables to establish the constraints of the hydrogen supply chain, wherein the constraints are at least one of hydrogen production constraints, hydrogen storage constraints, and hydrogen transportation constraints.

5. The hydrogen supply method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The constraint is a hydrogen production constraint. The step of modeling the constraint information of the objective cost function based on the decision variables to establish the constraint conditions of the hydrogen supply chain includes: Calculate the output range of hydrogen production equipment in the hydrogen infrastructure based on the decision variables; The number of online units of the hydrogen production equipment is set according to the production range to establish constraints for hydrogen production. The hydrogen production constraints for the hydrogen supply chain are generated based on the aforementioned constraints.

6. The hydrogen supply method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The constraint is a hydrogen transport constraint. The step of modeling the constraint information of the objective cost function based on the decision variables to establish the constraint conditions of the hydrogen supply chain includes: Based on the decision variables, the total hydrogen transport volume between regions is set as the sum of the total pipeline and truck transport volumes; Integrate the pipelines and transport trucks in the hydrogen infrastructure to establish a hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model; Hydrogen transport constraint equations are generated based on the hydrogen truck scheduling and routing model.

7. The hydrogen supply method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The step of inputting the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and outputting the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain includes: The spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price are input into the hydrogen supply chain model to obtain a set of supply facility combinations; The preset cost optimization algorithm is used to optimize and verify each combination of supply facilities in the set of supply facility combinations, so as to obtain the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain.

8. A hydrogen supply device, characterized in that, The device includes: The information acquisition module is used to obtain the current spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and energy prices; The cost calculation module is used to input the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand and the energy price into a preset hydrogen supply chain model and output the minimum cost of the hydrogen supply chain. A hydrogen supply module is used to determine the lowest cost combination of hydrogen infrastructure based on the minimum cost, and to supply hydrogen according to the lowest cost combination and the spatiotemporal hydrogen demand.

9. A hydrogen supply device, characterized in that, The device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the hydrogen supply method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the hydrogen supply method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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