Device and method for preparing solid-state battery cell material through magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing a solid-state battery cell material through magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: taking a roll of polymeric membrane to be unfolded as a substrate, and forming an aluminum metal current collector I on one side of the polymeric membrane through evaporation and deposition; an aluminum metal current collector II is formed on the other side of the polymeric membrane, and the surface of the aluminum metal current collector I is sequentially coated with a positive electrode material layer, an electrolyte layer and a negative electrode material layer; and taking another roll of polymeric membrane as a substrate after being unfolded, forming a copper metal current collector I on one side of the polymeric membrane through evaporation deposition, forming a copper metal current collector II on the other side of the polymeric membrane, and carrying out calendering compounding on the polymeric membrane attached with the negative electrode material layer and the polymeric membrane on the side of the copper metal current collector I to obtain the lithium ion battery negative electrode material. The problems of high production cost, low production efficiency and low drying efficiency in the preparation process of an existing solid-state battery cell material are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new energy vehicle battery manufacturing technology, and relates to a device and method for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, solid-state battery technology, due to its advantages such as high energy density, strong safety, and long cycle life, is considered an important development direction for next-generation energy storage technology, showing broad application prospects in electric vehicles, energy storage power stations, and other fields. Among these technologies, the metal current collector, as a crucial component of the electrode, directly affects the battery's energy density and overall performance through its thickness, conductivity, and interface stability. The metal coating process is a vital step in achieving surface functionalization of the current collector and the deposition of the conductive layer, significantly impacting production efficiency. The electrolyte layer drying process typically requires a drying process after coating to remove solvents and form a dense structure.

[0003] Improving the production efficiency of solid-state battery manufacturing processes is a core challenge currently facing the industry's R&D. Achieving ultra-thin current collectors, low-cost large-scale coating, and efficient drying are key demands for the industrialization and promotion of solid-state batteries. In traditional manufacturing processes, the rolling process limits the achievement of ultra-thin solid metal current collectors, leading to material waste and increased battery manufacturing costs. Existing metal coating methods, such as resistive evaporation coating, suffer from low deposition rates and difficulties in large-scale production. During electrolyte layer drying, the generally low thermal conductivity of solid electrolyte materials, coupled with the low heat transfer efficiency and uneven temperature distribution of contact heating methods, easily results in low drying efficiency, further impacting the overall efficiency of the solid-state battery production line. Current solid-state battery manufacturing processes cannot overcome the shortcomings in production efficiency and cost control. Therefore, existing technologies still have significant gaps in the large-scale manufacturing and performance improvement of solid-state batteries, requiring urgent improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition, which solves the problems of high production cost, low production efficiency and low drying efficiency in the existing solid-state battery cell material preparation process.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a solid-state battery cell material preparation device by magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition, specifically including the following process: a roll of polymer film is unfolded as a substrate, and an aluminum metal current collector I is formed by evaporation and deposition on one side of the polymer film; an aluminum metal current collector II is formed on the other side of the polymer film, and a positive electrode material layer, an electrolyte layer, and a negative electrode material layer are sequentially coated on the surface of the aluminum metal current collector I; another roll of polymer film is unfolded as a substrate, and a copper metal current collector I is formed by evaporation and deposition on one side of the polymer film, and a copper metal current collector II is formed on the other side of the polymer film; the polymer film with the negative electrode material layer and the polymer film on the side with the copper metal current collector I are laminated together by calendering to obtain the final product.

[0006] The invention is further characterized by:

[0007] Aluminum metal current collector I, aluminum metal current collector II, copper metal current collector I, and copper metal current collector II are all formed by magnetic thermal evaporation magnetic deposition using a metal current collector preparation device.

[0008] The magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition device for preparing metal current collectors includes several crucibles located in a vacuum chamber. A magnetic deposition coil is wound around the upper side of the outer wall of each crucible, and a magnetothermal evaporation coil is wound around the lower side of the outer wall of each crucible.

[0009] The electrolyte layer is formed by coating a solid electrolyte onto a positive electrode material layer and drying the solid electrolyte using a drying device to obtain the electrolyte layer.

[0010] The drying device is a square spiral coil assembly consisting of four square spiral coils connected end to end in sequence.

[0011] Horizontal quantity of crucibles The following formula (1) is used for calculation: (1) Vertical number of crucibles The following formula (2) is used for calculation: (2) in, The distance between the crucible and the polymer film. The length of the polymer membrane inside the vacuum chamber. h The height of the crucible, The radius of the crucible bottom is 1. Where is the radius of the crucible opening. The width of the metal coating; Crucible opening radius r a The calculation process is as follows: Considering that the metal evaporated in the crucible is completely deposited onto the polymer film, the mass of the metal deposited on the polymer film... Mass of metal evaporated in the crucible The matching process, specifically the calculation, is as follows: (3) in, The total length of continuous film required for a single cell. For metal density, For the thickness of the metal coating, This represents the average evaporation flux per unit area. The operating speed of the polymer membrane.

[0012] Number of turns of magnetothermal evaporation coil The design process is as follows: Consider the solenoid coil inductance model Design the number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil. ,in The effective magnetic flux cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetocaloric evaporation coil is determined by the average radius of the coil, and the number of turns of the magnetocaloric evaporation coil is... The calculation formula is as follows: (4) in, The permeability of free space, d For crucible wall thickness; Current is passed through the magnetocaloric evaporation coil The calculation process is as follows: (5) in, The magnetic permeability of the heated metal. The specific heat capacity of the heated metal. t s The heating time required to evaporate the metal in the crucible. The frequency of the current passed through the magnetic evaporation coil, This is the distance between the magnetocaloric evaporation coil and the molten metal. magnetothermal evaporation coil wire radius r The calculation process for 2 is as follows: (6) in, For the allowable current density of the conductor, The electrical conductivity of the metal, The thickness of the heated metal. For skin depth.

[0013] Magnetic deposition coil current The calculation process is as follows: (7) in, mThe mass of metal ions deposited by magnetic force. The initial velocity of the metal ions for magnetic deposition. The target velocity for magnetic deposition of metal ions, This refers to the number of turns of the magnetic deposition coil. The magnetic deposition time is denoted as .

[0014] Width of square spiral coil assembly L The calculation process for 1 is as follows: (8) Current is passed through the square spiral coil group The calculation process is as follows: (9) in, The heating time for drying the electrolyte layer using a square induction heating coil. f The frequency of the current flowing through the square induction heating coil; Number of turns of square spiral coil group The calculation process is as follows: (10) in, Density of metallic materials The length of the innermost turn of a square planar helical coil. The magnitude of the current flowing through the square planar spiral coil, This refers to the drying temperature difference.

[0015] The distance e between the square spiral coil assembly and the polymer membrane is calculated using the following formula: (11) Lateral spacing between adjacent crucibles l The calculation process for 3 is as follows: (12) The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: It evaporates copper and aluminum metal using a magnetothermal evaporation coil, allowing metal atoms to deposit on the surface of a continuously transported polymer substrate in a vacuum environment, forming an ultrathin solid-state metal current collector. This reduces the amount of metal used and lowers battery manufacturing costs. The magnetic force generated by the magnetic deposition coil increases the deposition rate of metal ions, shortens the coating time, and enables large-area continuous and efficient preparation. This invention uses a square solenoid coil assembly for non-contact, efficient drying of the electrolyte layer, generating heat within the metal and transferring it to the electrolyte layer, improving solvent removal rates and simultaneously enhancing the temperature uniformity of the metal current collector, thus improving battery quality. The device integrates the metal current collector preparation and solid-state electrolyte drying processes into a single system, featuring a compact structure, strong production continuity, and facilitating the large-scale manufacturing of solid-state batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the solid-state battery cell material preparation process of the magnetocaloric evaporation magnetic deposition of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition device for preparing metal current collectors in the solid-state battery cell material preparation process of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition crucible and coil in the preparation process of solid-state battery cell material by magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the matrix square spiral drying magnetic inductor in the solid-state battery cell material preparation process of the magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the crucible distribution of the magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition metal device in the solid-state battery cell material preparation process of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cloud map of electromagnetic induction intensity in a single-layer solid-state battery cell during the preparation process of solid-state battery cell material by magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition according to the present invention.

[0017] In the figure, 1. polymer film, 2. magnetothermal evaporation coil, 3. magnetic deposition coil, 4. crucible, 5. negative electrode slurry, 6. magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition power supply, 8. positive electrode slurry, 9. solid electrolyte, 10. square spiral coil assembly, 11. calendering roller. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0019] Example 1 The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to the present invention, such as... Figure 1As shown, firstly, using a polymer film 1 (the material of polymer film 1 is one of polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, or polyimide) as a substrate, aluminum atoms are deposited on one side (front) of polymer film 1 using a magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition (MED) device (the MED device is externally connected to a magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition power supply 6, which is a common power supply). This forms an aluminum metal current collector I on the front side of polymer film 1. Then, polymer film 1 is flipped over, and aluminum atoms are deposited on the other side (back) of polymer film 1 using the same magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition process, thus forming an aluminum metal current collector II on the back side of polymer film 1. On the surface of the formed aluminum metal current collector I, aluminum atoms are deposited on the front side (front) of polymer film 1 using the same magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition (MED) process. The positive electrode slurry coating process involves uniformly coating the positive electrode slurry 8 onto the aluminum metal current collector I. Then, the coated positive electrode slurry 8 (positive electrode material lithium iron phosphate (LFP)) is rolled using a rolling roller 11 to improve its structural density and adhesion strength, resulting in a positive electrode material layer. Next, a solid electrolyte 9 is coated onto the positive electrode material layer and dried using a drying device to obtain an electrolyte layer. The drying device is a square spiral coil assembly 10, used to heat the solid electrolyte 9 to remove moisture and stabilize the solid electrolyte layer. Subsequently, a negative electrode slurry 5 (negative electrode material silicon-carbon (Si–C)) is coated onto the electrolyte layer surface and rolled using a rolling roller 11 to improve the density of the negative electrode material layer, resulting in a negative electrode material layer. At the other end of this manufacturing process, using polymer film 1 as a substrate, copper atoms are deposited on one side (front) of polymer film 1 to obtain copper metal current collector I. Then, polymer film 1 is flipped over, and copper atoms are deposited on the other side (back) of polymer film 1 using the same magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition process, thereby forming copper metal current collector II. Finally, polymer film 1 with the attached negative electrode material layer and polymer film 1 forming copper metal current collector I are laminated together using a calendering roller 11 to complete the preparation of the solid-state battery cell material.

[0020] Example 2 The present invention provides a device for preparing metal current collectors by magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the device consists of several crucibles 4 located within a vacuum chamber. When preparing aluminum metal current collector I and aluminum metal current collector II, crucible 4 contains molten aluminum; when preparing copper metal current collector I and copper metal current collector II, crucible 4 contains molten copper. A magnetic deposition coil 3 is wound around the upper outer wall of each crucible 4, and a magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 is wound around the lower outer wall of each crucible 4. The magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 heats and evaporates the molten copper or aluminum inside the crucible 4; subsequently, a magnetic field is generated by the magnetic deposition coil 3, guiding the copper or aluminum atoms produced by evaporation to rapidly deposit on the surface of the polymer film, thereby forming a metal current collector.

[0021] Example 3 The crucible and magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition coil structure of the present invention are as follows: Figure 3 As shown, copper or aluminum liquid is evaporated by magnetothermal evaporation coil 2, causing metal atoms to deposit on the surface of a continuously transported polymer film 1 in a vacuum environment, thereby forming an ultrathin solid metal current collector, reducing the amount of metal material used and lowering battery manufacturing costs. Simultaneously, a magnetic field is generated by magnetic deposition coil 3, increasing the deposition rate of metal ions, shortening the coating time, and achieving large-area continuous and high-efficiency fabrication.

[0022] Example 4 The square spiral coil assembly 10 of the present invention for drying is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the square spiral coil assembly 10 consists of four square spiral coils. The shape of the square spiral coils corresponds to the shape of the metal film to improve the matching and uniformity of heating. By passing alternating current through the square spiral coil assembly 10 to generate an alternating magnetic field, this alternating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the metal film, causing the metal film to heat up and conduct the heat to the electrolyte layer, thereby achieving non-contact and efficient drying of the electrolyte layer and improving the removal rate of solvent or moisture in the electrolyte layer.

[0023] Example 5 The crucible arrangement of the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown. By rationally designing the number of crucibles 4 in the horizontal and vertical directions, the uniformity of metal deposition during the evaporation coating process is improved, thereby enhancing the coating quality.

[0024] 1) Description of physical quantities: c For metal deposition thickness ; For the width of the metal coating ; s For the metal deposition area ; Metal density t represents the deposition time to complete one cell. ; The melting point of the metal ; Initial temperature of the metal .

[0025] 2) Number of crucibles in the horizontal direction 4 The design is as follows: Number of crucibles in the horizontal direction The deposition range and uniformity of the metal film in the longitudinal direction, if the crucible 4 has a transverse quantity An unreasonable design, with gaps between adjacent evaporation plumes, can easily lead to uneven distribution of metal deposition thickness on the lateral surface of the polymer film. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the number of lateral sections of crucible 4. Reasonable design. To ensure coating uniformity while meeting the target longitudinal coverage area requirement, the number of crucibles 4 in the lateral direction is designed and determined considering the effective size of the polymer film 1, the distance from the source to the film, and the evaporation diffusion characteristics. Therefore, the number of crucibles 4 in the lateral direction... The design method is as follows: (1) in, The distance (m) between crucible 4 and polymer membrane 1. h The height of crucible 4 is (m). Let be the radius (m) of the bottom of crucible 4. Let be the radius of the opening of crucible 4 (m).

[0026] 3) Number of crucibles in the longitudinal direction 4 The design is as follows: Number of crucibles in the vertical direction The deposition range and uniformity of the metal film in the longitudinal direction, if the crucible 4 has a longitudinal quantity An unreasonable design, with gaps between adjacent evaporation plumes, can easily lead to uneven metal deposition thickness distribution on the longitudinal surface of the polymer film 1. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the number of crucibles 4 longitudinally. Reasonable design. To ensure coating uniformity while meeting the target longitudinal coverage area requirement, the number of crucibles 4 in the longitudinal direction was designed and determined, considering the effective size of the polymer film 1, the distance from the source to the film, and the evaporation diffusion characteristics. Therefore, the number of crucibles 4 in the longitudinal direction... The design method is as follows: (2) in, The length (m) of polymer membrane 1 in the vacuum chamber.

[0027] 4) Crucible opening radius r a The design of (m) is as follows: Crucible 4 opening radius r a The effective surface area for metal evaporation is determined, which affects the total amount of metal evaporated per unit time. If the opening radius of crucible 4 is... r a The design flaw resulted in insufficient coating thickness, failing to achieve the battery performance. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the opening radius of crucible 4. r aReasonable design. To ensure the metal evaporated on the polymer film 1 completes the deposition of a single cell length, the design must provide sufficient metal quality for deposition on the polymer film 1. Considering that the metal evaporated in crucible 4 is completely deposited onto the polymer film 1, the metal quality deposited on the polymer film 1... The mass of the metal evaporated in crucible 4 should be related to the mass of the metal. Matching, so the crucible has a radius of 4. r a The design method is as follows: (3) in, Total length of continuous film required for a single cell , Metal density , For the thickness of the metal coating , Average evaporation flux per unit area , For the running speed of polymer membrane 1 .

[0028] 5) Number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil The design is as follows: Magnetic thermal evaporation coil with 2 turns The coil's ability to generate a magnetic field and its energy storage capacity are affected. If this parameter is not designed properly, it can lead to a mismatch between the coil inductance and the system's operating requirements, making it difficult to meet the energy storage capacity and magnetic field effect requirements of the evaporation process, thus affecting the stability of the metal evaporation process. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil. A reasonable design should be implemented. Consider the solenoid coil inductance model. Design a magnetocaloric evaporation coil with 2 turns. ,in The effective magnetic flux cross-sectional area of ​​magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 is determined by the average radius of the coil, and the number of turns of magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 is... The design method is as follows: (4) in, The permeability of free space, d The thickness of the crucible wall is in meters (m).

[0029] 6) Current is passed through magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 The design of (A) is as follows: Current is passed through magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 The magnetic flux density and eddy current density within the molten metal affect its temperature rise. If this parameter is not designed properly, the molten metal may fail to reach the evaporation temperature within the set time, resulting in insufficient polymer film deposition thickness. Therefore, it is necessary to apply current to the magnetothermal evaporation coil 2. A reasonable design should be implemented. The total heat required to heat the metal should be determined based on the target temperature rise. The power required to evaporate the molten metal Equivalent to the magnetic induction intensity inside the metal The generated eddy current power density Based on this, current is passed through the magnetothermal evaporation coil 2. The design is carried out. Therefore, current is passed through the magnetothermal evaporation coil 2. The design method is as follows: (5) in, The permeability of the heated metal Specific heat capacity of the heated metal , t s Heating time required for evaporation crucible 4 (metal) , The frequency (kHz) of the current passed through the magnetocaloric evaporation coil, The distance between magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 and the molten metal (aluminum or copper). .

[0030] 7) Radius of the conductor of magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 r The design of 2(m) is as follows: Magnetic thermal evaporation coil 2 wire radius r 2. The cross-sectional area of ​​the coil conductor is a crucial structural parameter affecting the coil's current-carrying capacity, resistance loss, and thermal stability. Improper design of this parameter can easily lead to excessive temperature rise or even overheating damage to the coil. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully control the conductor radius of the magnetocaloric evaporation coil. r 2. Rational Design. To ensure the heated metal reaches its evaporation temperature within a set time, the total heat required to heat the metal is determined by the target temperature rise. The required power is equivalent to the eddy current power density generated by the magnetic induction intensity inside the metal, and the magnetic induction intensity is... The design involves determining the operating current of the coil based on the relationship between the magnetic field and the coil. , radius is r The current in conductor 2 is Regarding the radius of the conductor of magnetothermal evaporation coil 2 r 2. Conduct the design, and the design method is as follows: (6) in, Permissible current density for conductors , Metal conductivity , Thickness of the heated metal , For skin depth.

[0031] 8) Magnetic deposition coil 3 current The design of (A) is as follows: The magnetic deposition coil 3 is used to create an electromagnetic environment in the deposition zone and increase the velocity of metal atoms, allowing them to deposit rapidly onto the polymer film 1. If the current in the magnetic deposition coil 3... An improper design can lead to insufficient energy storage in the coil, resulting in a slow metal deposition rate. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the number of turns of the magnetic deposition coil. A well-designed system is needed. To meet the requirements for controlling the velocity of metal particles, the incremental kinetic energy that needs to be supplied to the charged particles in the deposition zone must be determined. Considering the energy requirement of metal ions, the force generated by the magnetic deposition coil 3 affects the increase in the kinetic energy of the metal ions. Combined with the magnetic field generated by the solenoid coil Current to magnetic deposition coil 3 Therefore, the magnetic deposition coil has a current of 3. The design method is as follows: (7) in, m The mass (kg) of the magnetically deposited metal ions. The initial velocity (m / s) of the metal ions deposited by magnetic force. The target velocity (m / s) for magnetically deposited metal ions. This refers to the number of turns of the magnetic deposition coil. denoted as magnetic deposition time (s).

[0032] 9) Width of a single square spiral coil group 10 L The design of 1(m) is as follows: A single square spiral coil group with a width of 10 L 1. This determines the spatial coverage of the effective magnetic field generated by the coil in that direction. If this parameter is not designed properly, the effective magnetic field coverage of the coil will be insufficient, and the heated area will fall at the edge of the magnetic field. Therefore, it is necessary to... L The single square spiral assembly features a 10-coil coil with a rationally designed width. This is primarily determined by the width of the heated area. w To suppress the edge effect of the magnetic field and ensure uniform heating of the metal film, an edge compensation margin is introduced on both sides of the heated area. Generally, 0.1 is taken.w Therefore, the width of a single square helical coil group 10 L The design method for 1 is as follows: (8) 10) Current is passed through the square spiral coil group 10. The design of (A) is as follows: Current is passed through the square spiral coil group 10 The magnetic induction intensity and eddy current density generated by the coil in the metal current collector are affected. If this parameter is not designed properly, it will cause the metal current collector to heat up slowly, and the electrolyte layer solvent cannot be completely removed within the target time, affecting battery performance. Therefore, it is necessary to pass current through the square spiral coil group 10. Reasonable design. Determine the required heat based on the target temperature and the size of the metal film to be heated. The magnetic induction intensity generated on the metal film by the square helical coil group 10 is The eddy current density generated on the surface of the metal film by the square spiral coil group 10 Total eddy current density power in the heated region The total eddy current density power generated on the metal current collector by the square helical coil assembly 10 is equal to the heat required by the metal current collector per unit time. The square helical coil assembly 10 is designed to carry a current. Therefore, current is passed through the square helical coil group 10. The design method is as follows: (9) in, f The frequency of the current flowing through the square helical coil group is (kHz). The heating time (s) for drying the electrolyte layer using a square induction heating coil.

[0033] 11) Square spiral coil group with 10 turns The design is as follows: Number of turns of square planar helical coil group 10 The inductance of the coil determines its energy storage capacity. Improper design of this parameter can lead to slow heating of the metal film and insufficient removal of the electrolyte layer solvent within the target time. Therefore, the number of turns in the square planar spiral coil needs to be adjusted. Reasonable design. The design of the number of turns of the square planar spiral coil is based on meeting the heat required for the heating of the metal film. The required heat is determined according to the target temperature and the size of the metal film being heated. To ensure a stable supply of energy during the heating process, electromagnetic energy storage is achieved using a coil. The heat required is equal to that required for the heated metal film, and then, based on the mathematical model of the inductance of the planar spiral coil... The design specifies the number of turns for a square planar helical coil group; therefore, the square helical coil group has 10 turns. The design method is as follows: (10) in, Density of metallic materials , The innermost turn length of a square planar helical coil , The magnitude of the current flowing through the square planar spiral coil , For drying temperature difference .

[0034] 12) The design of the distance e (m) between the square spiral coil assembly 10 used for drying and the polymer membrane 1 is as follows: The distance *e* between the square spiral coil assembly 10 used for drying and the polymer film 1 determines the degree of attenuation of the alternating magnetic field generated by the coil when it propagates to the surface of the metal film, and is a key parameter affecting heating power and heating rate. If this parameter is not designed properly, the heating power will decrease and the heating rate will slow down. Therefore, the distance *e* between the square planar spiral coil 10 used for drying and the polymer film 1 needs to be designed appropriately. The required heat is determined based on the target temperature and the size of the heated metal film. The eddy current density generated on the surface of the metal film by the square spiral coil group 10 Total eddy current density power in the heated region Therefore, the design method for the distance e between the square spiral coil assembly 10 used for drying and the polymer membrane 1 is as follows: (11) 13) Lateral spacing between adjacent crucibles 4 l The design of 3(m) is as follows: Lateral spacing between adjacent crucibles 4 l 3 determines the lateral coverage and deposition uniformity of metal vapor. If this parameter is not designed properly, gaps will appear in the coverage area between adjacent evaporation sources, resulting in uneven temperature distribution of metal deposition in the lateral direction. Therefore, the lateral spacing of adjacent crucibles 4 needs to be adjusted. l 3. Rational design. Based on the width w of the metal coating and the number of horizontal crucibles... The crucibles are arranged evenly, therefore, the lateral spacing between adjacent crucibles is 4. l The design method for 3 is as follows: (12) Example 6 This invention uses the finite element software ANSYS to perform electromagnetic-thermal coupling analysis on the designed square helical coil assembly. The simulation conditions are set as follows: input current 100A, operating frequency 1kHz, metal current collector parameters and geometric dimensions input according to actual design values, and coil conductors set as circular hollow copper tubes with cooling conditions considered. Through frequency domain simulation calculations under static field conditions, the following results are obtained: Figure 6 The magnetic flux density distribution of the metal current collector is shown. The results demonstrate that this design can achieve temperature uniformity in the metal current collector, verifying the feasibility and effectiveness of the invention.

[0035] This invention addresses the technical problems in existing solid-state battery manufacturing processes, such as redundant metal current collector thickness, insufficient evaporation and deposition efficiency, and low solid electrolyte drying efficiency. It provides a magnetothermal evaporation and magnetic deposition apparatus and method for preparing solid-state battery cell materials. By designing the metal evaporation method, metal deposition method, and solid electrolyte heating method, high-efficiency, low-energy consumption, and continuous production of solid-state battery materials are achieved, thereby reducing manufacturing costs and improving the scalability of solid-state battery manufacturing.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition, characterized in that: Specifically, the process includes the following steps: Take a roll of polymer film (1) and unfold it as a substrate. Evaporate and deposit aluminum metal current collector I on one side of the polymer film (1). Form aluminum metal current collector II on the other side of the polymer film (1). Coated positive electrode material layer, electrolyte layer and negative electrode material layer are coated on the surface of aluminum metal current collector I in sequence. Take another roll of polymer film (1) and unfold it as a substrate. Evaporate and deposit copper metal current collector I on one side of the polymer film (1). Form copper metal current collector II on the other side of the polymer film (1). Perform a calendering composite between the polymer film (1) with the negative electrode material layer attached and the polymer film (1) on the side with copper metal current collector I.

2. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum metal current collector I, aluminum metal current collector II, copper metal current collector I, and copper metal current collector II are all formed by magnetic thermal evaporation magnetic deposition using a magnetic thermal evaporation magnetic deposition device.

3. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 2, characterized in that: The magnetothermal evaporation magnetic deposition device for preparing metal current collectors includes several crucibles (4) located in a vacuum chamber. A magnetic deposition coil (3) is wound around the upper side of the outer wall of each crucible (4), and a magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) is wound around the lower side of the outer wall of each crucible (4).

4. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 3, characterized in that: The electrolyte layer is formed by coating a solid electrolyte (9) onto a positive electrode material layer and drying the solid electrolyte (9) using a drying device to obtain the electrolyte layer.

5. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drying device is a square spiral coil group (10) consisting of four square spiral coils connected end to end in sequence.

6. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal quantity of the crucible (4) The following formula (1) is used for calculation: (1) The vertical number of crucibles (4) The following formula (2) is used for calculation: (2) in, The distance between the crucible (4) and the polymer film (1) is... The length of the polymer membrane (1) in the vacuum chamber, h The height of the crucible (4) is... The radius of the bottom of the crucible (4) is... The radius of the opening of the crucible (4) is... The width of the metal coating; The opening radius of the crucible (4) r a The calculation process is as follows: Considering that the metal evaporated in the crucible (4) is completely deposited onto the polymer film (1), the mass of the metal deposited on the polymer film (1) The mass of metal evaporated in crucible (4) The matching process, specifically the calculation, is as follows: (3) in, The total length of continuous film required for a single cell. For metal density, For the thickness of the metal coating, This represents the average evaporation flux per unit area. The operating speed of the polymer membrane (1).

7. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 6, characterized in that: The number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) The design process is as follows: Consider the solenoid coil inductance model Design the number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) ,in The effective magnetic flux cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) is determined by the average radius of the coil, and the number of turns of the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) is... The calculation formula is as follows: (4) in, The permeability of free space, d For crucible wall thickness; Current is passed through the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) The calculation process is as follows: (5) in, The magnetic permeability of the heated metal. The specific heat capacity of the heated metal. t s The required heating time for the metal in the evaporation crucible (4) The distance between the magnetothermal evaporation coil (2) and the molten metal; Magnetic thermal evaporation coil (2) conductor radius r The calculation process for 2 is as follows: (6) in, For the allowable current density of the conductor, The electrical conductivity of the metal, The thickness of the heated metal. For skin depth.

8. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 7, characterized in that: The magnetic deposition coil (3) is current The calculation process is as follows: (7) in, m The mass of metal ions deposited by magnetic force. The initial velocity of the metal ions for magnetic deposition. The target velocity for magnetic deposition of metal ions, This refers to the number of turns of the magnetic deposition coil. The magnetic deposition time is denoted as .

9. The solid-state battery cell material preparation process by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 8, characterized in that: The width of the square spiral coil group (10) L The calculation process for 1 is as follows: (8) Current is passed through the square spiral coil group (10) The calculation process is as follows: (9) in, The heating time for drying the electrolyte layer using a square induction heating coil; Square spiral coil group (10) number of turns The calculation process is as follows: (10) in, Density of metallic materials The length of the innermost turn of a square planar helical coil. The magnitude of the current flowing through the square planar spiral coil, This refers to the drying temperature difference.

10. The apparatus for preparing solid-state battery cell materials by magnetocaloric evaporation and magnetic deposition according to claim 9, characterized in that: The distance e between the square spiral coil group (10) and the polymer membrane (1) is calculated using the following formula: (11) Lateral spacing between adjacent crucibles (4) l The calculation process for 3 is as follows: (12)。

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