Device and method for dynamically monitoring pesticide residues on surfaces of fruits
By designing a dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on fruit surfaces, the problems of clamping force control and detection accuracy were solved, realizing dynamic monitoring of pesticide residues throughout the entire process, improving the automation of detection and the reliability of results, and providing quantitative basis for the safe use of pesticides.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN UNIV OF COMMERCE
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing fruit testing equipment cannot control the force when clamping the sample, which can damage the sample. Furthermore, differences in lighting during testing affect the accuracy of the results, making it impossible to comprehensively detect pesticide residues.
A dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on fruit surfaces was designed. It employs a clamping component and a supplementary lighting component. The clamping force is controlled by a robotic arm and a motor. The device combines an imaging spectrometer and a camera to perform dynamic monitoring throughout the entire process. The spectral data is processed using a chemometrics model to output a dynamic dissipation curve of pesticide residues.
It enables stable clamping and full-process detection of fruits, improves the automation level and repeatability of detection results, eliminates human operation errors, and provides a quantitative basis for decision-making on the safe use of pesticides.
Smart Images
Figure CN122016793A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of non-destructive testing technology for agricultural product quality and safety, specifically to a device and method for dynamic monitoring of pesticide residues on the surface of fruit. Background Technology
[0002] Pesticide residues are a key risk factor affecting the safety of fruits and vegetables for consumption. Understanding the dynamic dissipation patterns of pesticides on crop surfaces is of great significance for determining scientific safe harvesting intervals and ensuring the safety of agricultural products.
[0003] While existing equipment can detect pesticide residues on the surface of agricultural products, traditional equipment cannot control the clamping force when holding the fruit, causing damage to the fruit and compromising the sample's integrity, making it unsuitable for long-term tracking experiments. Furthermore, damage may alter spectral characteristics, interfering with detection accuracy. Differences in lighting conditions during fruit testing can lower the detection standards, leading to biases and preventing effective detection. Additionally, it cannot comprehensively detect pesticide residues on the fruit surface. Therefore, a dynamic monitoring device and method for pesticide residues on fruit surfaces is proposed. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides packaging equipment and methods for hazardous chemicals, which have the advantages of good clamping effect, supplementing light, and comprehensive detection of pesticide residues on the surface of fruits, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.
[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit, comprising a dark box, the inner wall of which is equipped with a main control and processing computer, a support platform, a support plate, and a support frame; the top of the support platform is equipped with an imaging spectrometer, the outer wall of which is equipped with a camera; the outer wall of the support plate is equipped with a second motor, the power output shaft of the second motor is equipped with a transmission shaft, the outer wall of the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt; the top of the support frame is equipped with a first motor, the power output shaft of the first motor is equipped with a lead screw, the outer wall of the lead screw is threadedly connected to a sliding block, the outer wall of the sliding block is provided with a supplementary lighting component, the outer wall of the sliding block is equipped with a connecting block, the top of the connecting block is provided with a clamping component, and the interior of the connecting block is equipped with an infrared monitoring device.
[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the clamping assembly includes a rotating disk, one end of a mechanical arm is mounted on the top of the rotating disk, and the other end of the mechanical arm is rotatably connected to a mechanical gripper. A placement groove is provided inside the mechanical gripper, and a pressure detection device is mounted inside the placement groove. A spring and a control button are respectively mounted on the top of the pressure detection device. A pressure-bearing block is mounted on the end of the spring away from the pressure detection device, and an anti-slip layer is mounted on the outer wall of the pressure-bearing block.
[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the supplementary lighting component includes a fixing block, one end of a transmission plate is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixing block, a connecting plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other end of the transmission plate, a pressure plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate, a rotating column is rotatably connected to the inside of the pressure plate, a push plate is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating column, a support block is provided on the outside of the push plate, a rotating rod is rotatably connected to the top of the support block, a rotating plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod, a spring is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating plate, and a connecting rope is fitted to the outer wall of the rotating plate.
[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting block, and the pressure block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove.
[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the fixed block is assembled with the outer wall of the sliding block, and the support block is assembled with the outer wall of the support plate.
[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the connecting rope is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the second spring is assembled with the outer wall of the support plate.
[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the infrared monitoring device is electrically connected to motor one and motor two respectively, and the control button is electrically connected to the mechanical gripper and the mechanical arm respectively.
[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the connecting rope is made of rubber, and the rotating column is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support plate.
[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are two of each of the following components: support frame, motor, lead screw, sliding block, connecting block, clamping assembly, supplementary lighting assembly, and infrared monitoring device. The two support frames, motors, lead screws, sliding blocks, connecting blocks, clamping assemblies, supplementary lighting assemblies, and infrared monitoring devices are located on both sides of the support plate.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it includes the following steps: S1: The power output shaft of motor 2 drives the transmission shaft to rotate. When the transmission shaft rotates, it further drives the conveyor belt to rotate. The conveyor belt drives the sample to move. When the infrared monitoring device detects the sample, it sends a signal to motor 2 and motor 1. After receiving the signal, motor 2 stops working. The power output shaft of motor 1 drives the lead screw to rotate. When the lead screw rotates, it drives the sliding block to rotate. The sliding block then drives the connecting block and the clamping assembly to move downward, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping assembly. S2: The rotating disk rotates and drives the robotic arm to rotate, thereby adjusting the spacing of the mechanical grippers. The mechanical grippers clamp the sample on the top of the conveyor belt. During the clamping process, the pressure block will squeeze the sample. The squeezed pressure block moves into the placement slot and squeezes the first spring. The first spring transmits the pressure to the inside of the pressure detection device. The pressure detection device adjusts the clamping force of the mechanical grippers according to the pressure magnitude to avoid damaging the sample during clamping. In addition, if the pressure block directly touches the control button when the mechanical grippers are clamping the sample, the control button will immediately send a signal to the robotic arm and the mechanical grippers to stop their operation. S3 represents a methodological leap from "single-point static detection" to "full-process dynamic monitoring," extending the application scope of imaging spectrometers and cameras from traditional quality grading or safety screening to the in-depth field of pesticide residue dissipation kinetics research. By designing a rigorous time-series sampling process and utilizing chemometric models to process serialized spectral data, it ultimately outputs intuitive dynamic dissipation curves of pesticide residues and key kinetic parameters such as half-life. This provides direct and quantitative decision-making basis for the formulation of pesticide safety use standards, while improving the automation level and repeatability of the detection results. The entire data acquisition process is controlled by the main control and processing computer, and the precise synchronization of actions such as camera exposure and sample stage movement minimizes random errors introduced by manual operation, ensuring the consistency of detection conditions for different batches and different time points, and providing possibilities for large-sample statistical analysis and standardized applications. S4: When the sliding block moves upward, it drives the fixed block to move upward. During the upward movement of the fixed block, it drives the transmission plate, connecting plate and pressure plate to squeeze the rotating column. The squeezed rotating column rotates on the outer wall of the support plate. When the rotating column rotates, it drives the push plate to rotate downward. When the push plate rotates, it pulls the connecting rope. The connecting rope then pulls the rotating plate and rotating rod to rotate on the top of the support block. When the rotating plate rotates, it drives the fill light plate to rotate, so that the fill light plate is placed at a 45-degree angle to the sample to provide fill light to the sample.
[0015] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The device and method for dynamic monitoring of pesticide residues on fruit surfaces utilizes a rotating disc to drive a robotic arm, adjusting the distance of the mechanical grippers. These grippers then clamp samples from the top of a conveyor belt. After clamping the sample, a pressure block compresses it. This pressure block moves inward into a placement slot, compressing a spring. The spring, in turn, transmits pressure to a pressure detection device, which adjusts the clamping force of the grippers based on the pressure level. This ensures the grippers do not damage the sample during clamping. Furthermore, a control button allows the pressure block to directly contact the gripper when clamping the sample. When the control button is pressed, it sends a signal directly to the robotic arm and gripper, causing them to stop operating. As the sliding block moves upward, it drives the fixed block to move upward. As the fixed block moves upward, it causes the transmission plate, connecting plate, and pressure plate to press against the rotating column. Under pressure, the rotating column rotates on the outer wall of the support plate. The rotating column pushes the plate downward, causing the pushing plate to pull the connecting rope. The connecting rope pulls the rotating plate and rotating rod to rotate on the top of the support block. The rotating plate rotates, causing the fill light plate to rotate. The fill light plate is then placed at a 45-degree angle to the sample, providing fill light to the sample.
[0016] 2. This device and method for dynamic monitoring of pesticide residues on fruit surfaces represents a methodological leap from "single-point static detection" to "full-process dynamic monitoring." It extends the application of imaging spectrometers and cameras beyond traditional quality grading or safety screening to the in-depth field of pesticide residue dissipation kinetics research. Through a rigorously designed time-series sampling process and the use of chemometric models to process sequential spectral data, it ultimately outputs intuitive dynamic dissipation curves of pesticide residues and key kinetic parameters such as half-life. This provides direct and quantitative decision-making basis for the formulation of pesticide safety use standards, improving the automation level and repeatability of detection results. The entire data acquisition process is controlled by the main control and processing computer, with precise synchronization of camera exposure, sample stage movement, and other actions, minimizing random errors introduced by manual operation and ensuring consistency of detection conditions across different batches and time points. This provides the possibility for large-sample statistical analysis and standardized applications. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting block structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveyor belt structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding block structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lead screw structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the robotic arm structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure block structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the fill light plate structure of the present invention.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Dark box; 2. Main control and processing computer; 3. Support platform; 4. Imaging spectrometer; 5. Camera; 6. Support plate; 7. Support frame; 8. Motor 1; 9. Lead screw; 10. Sliding block; 11. Connecting block; 12. Clamping assembly; 13. Fill light assembly; 14. Motor 2; 15. Drive shaft; 16. Conveyor belt; 17. Infrared monitoring device; 1201. Rotary disk; 1202. Robotic arm; 1203. Mechanical gripper; 1204. Placement slot; 1205. Pressure detection device; 1206. Spring 1; 1207. Pressure block; 1208. Control button; 1209. Anti-slip layer; 1301. Fixing block; 1302. Transmission plate; 1303. Connecting plate; 1304. Pressure plate; 1305. Rotating column; 1306. Pushing plate; 1307. Connecting rope; 1308. Support block; 1309. Rotating rod; 1310. Rotating plate; 1311. Lighting plate; 1312. Spring 2. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] Please see Figures 1-8 A dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit includes a dark box 1. The inner wall of the dark box 1 is equipped with a main control and processing computer 2, a support platform 3, a support plate 6, and a support frame 7. The top of the support platform 3 is equipped with an imaging spectrometer 4. The outer wall of the imaging spectrometer 4 is equipped with a camera 5. The outer wall of the support plate 6 is equipped with a second motor 14. The power output shaft of the second motor 14 is equipped with a transmission shaft 15. The outer wall of the transmission shaft 15 is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt 16. The top of the support frame 7 is equipped with a first motor 8. The power output shaft of the first motor 8 is equipped with a lead screw 9. The outer wall of the lead screw 9 is threadedly connected to a sliding block 10. The outer wall of the sliding block 10 is provided with a supplementary lighting component 13. The outer wall of the sliding block 10 is equipped with a connecting block 11. The top of the connecting block 11 is provided with a clamping component 12. The interior of the connecting block 11 is equipped with an infrared monitoring device 17. In the above structure, the power output shaft of motor 2 14 drives the transmission shaft 15 to rotate. When the transmission shaft 15 rotates, it drives the conveyor belt 16 to rotate as well. The sample is moved by the conveyor belt 16. When the infrared monitoring device 17 detects the sample, it sends a signal to motor 2 14 and motor 1 8. After receiving the signal, motor 2 14 stops running. After receiving the signal, motor 1 8 drives the lead screw 9 to rotate. When the lead screw 9 rotates, it drives the sliding block 10 to rotate. The sliding block 10 drives the connecting block 11 and the clamping assembly 12 to move downward, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping assembly 12.
[0021] In a preferred embodiment: the clamping assembly 12 includes a rotating disk 1201, one end of a robotic arm 1202 is mounted on the top of the rotating disk 1201, and the other end of the robotic arm 1202 is rotatably connected to a mechanical gripper 1203. The mechanical gripper 1203 has a placement groove 1204 inside, and a pressure detection device 1205 is mounted inside the placement groove 1204. A spring 1206 and a control button 1208 are respectively mounted on the top of the pressure detection device 1205. A pressure block 1207 is mounted on the end of the spring 1206 away from the pressure detection device 1205, and an anti-slip layer 1209 is mounted on the outer wall of the pressure block 1207. In the above structure, the rotating disk 1201 is used to rotate, causing the rotating disk 1201 to drive the robotic arm 1202 to rotate, thereby adjusting the spacing of the mechanical grippers 1203. The mechanical grippers 1203 then clamp the sample on the top of the conveyor belt 16. After the mechanical grippers 1203 clamp the sample, the pressure block 1207 will compress the sample. After being compressed, the pressure block 1207 will move into the placement groove 1204, thereby compressing the spring 1206. The compressed spring 1206 will transmit the pressure to the pressure detection device 1205, causing the pressure to... The detection device 1205 adjusts the clamping force of the mechanical gripper 1203 according to the pressure to ensure that the mechanical gripper 1203 will not damage the sample during the clamping process. In addition, by means of the control button 1208, when the mechanical gripper 1203 clamps the sample and the pressure block 1207 directly touches the control button 1208, the control button 1208 will directly send a signal to the robotic arm 1202 and the mechanical gripper 1203 to stop the operation of the robotic arm 1202 and the mechanical gripper 1203. At the same time, the anti-slip layer 1209 can prevent the pressure block 1207 from slipping when clamping the sample.
[0022] In a preferred embodiment: the supplementary lighting component 13 includes a fixing block 1301, one end of a transmission plate 1302 is rotatably connected to the inside of the fixing block 1301, a connecting plate 1303 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other end of the transmission plate 1302, a pressure plate 1304 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate 1303, a rotating column 1305 is rotatably connected to the inside of the pressure plate 1304, a push plate 1306 is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating column 1305, a support block 1308 is provided on the outside of the push plate 1306, a rotating rod 1309 is rotatably connected to the top of the support block 1308, a rotating plate 1310 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod 1309, a spring 1312 is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating plate 1310, and a connecting rope 1307 is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating plate 1310. In the above structure, when the sliding block 10 moves upward, it drives the fixed block 1301 to move upward. When the fixed block 1301 moves upward, it drives the transmission plate 1302, the connecting plate 1303, and the pressure plate 1304 to squeeze the rotating column 1305. After being squeezed, the rotating column 1305 will rotate along the outer wall of the support plate 6. When the rotating column 1305 rotates, it drives the push plate 1306 to rotate downward. When the push plate 1306 rotates, it pulls the connecting rope 1307. The connecting rope 1307 pulls the rotating plate 1310 and the rotating rod 1309 to rotate on the top of the support block 1308. When the rotating plate 1310 rotates, it drives the fill light plate 1311 to rotate, so that the fill light plate 1311 is placed at a 45-degree angle to the sample, thereby providing fill light to the sample.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment: the rotating disk 1201 is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting block 11, and the pressure block 1207 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove 1204; In the above structure, the connecting block 11 is used to limit the rotation disk 1201 so that the rotation disk 1201 will not tilt when rotating. The placement groove 1204 is used to limit the pressure block 1207 so that the pressure block 1207 will not get stuck when moving into the placement groove 1204.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment: the fixed block 1301 is assembled with the outer wall of the sliding block 10, and the support block 1308 is assembled with the outer wall of the support plate 6; In the above structure, the fixed block 1301 and the support block 1308 are supported by the sliding block 10 and the support plate 6, making the fixed block 1301 and the support block 1308 more stable when placed.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment: the connecting rope 1307 is fixedly connected to the push plate 1306, and the spring 1312 is assembled with the outer wall of the support plate 6; In the above structure, the push plate 1306 pulls the connecting rope 1307 to move when it rotates. The support plate 6 and the rotating plate 1310 limit the spring 1312 so that the spring 1312 will not fall off when it releases its elastic potential energy.
[0026] In a preferred embodiment: the infrared monitoring device 17 is electrically connected to motor 8 and motor 14 respectively, and the control button 1208 is electrically connected to mechanical gripper 1203 and robotic arm 1202 respectively. In the above structure, when the infrared monitoring device 17 detects a sample, it sends signals to motor 1 8 and motor 2 14. When the control button 1208 is pressed, it sends signals to the mechanical gripper 1203 and the robotic arm 1202.
[0027] In a preferred embodiment: the connecting rope 1307 is made of rubber, and the rotating column 1305 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support plate 6; In the above structure, the connecting rope 1307 is made of rubber, so that the connecting rope 1307 will automatically rebound in a slack state. The support plate 6 is used to limit the rotation column 1305, so that the rotation column 1305 will not fall off when rotating.
[0028] In a preferred embodiment: there are two of each of the following components: support frame 7, motor 8, lead screw 9, sliding block 10, connecting block 11, clamping assembly 12, supplementary lighting assembly 13, and infrared monitoring device 17. The two support frames 7, motor 8, lead screw 9, sliding block 10, connecting block 11, clamping assembly 12, supplementary lighting assembly 13, and infrared monitoring device 17 are located on both sides of the support plate 6. In the above structure, the two ends of the sample are clamped and illuminated by two support frames 7, motor 8, lead screw 9, sliding block 10, connecting block 11, clamping assembly 12, supplementary lighting assembly 13 and infrared monitoring device 17, so that the sample will not fall off when clamped.
[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the following steps are included: S1: The power output shaft of motor 2 14 drives the transmission shaft 15 to rotate. When the transmission shaft 15 rotates, it further drives the conveyor belt 16 to rotate. The conveyor belt 16 drives the sample to move. When the infrared monitoring device 17 detects the sample, it sends a signal to motor 2 14 and motor 1 8. After receiving the signal, motor 2 14 stops working. The power output shaft of motor 1 8 drives the lead screw 9 to rotate. When the lead screw 9 rotates, it drives the sliding block 10 to rotate. The sliding block 10 then drives the connecting block 11 and the clamping assembly 12 to move downward, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping assembly 12. S2: The rotating disk 1201 rotates and drives the robotic arm 1202 to rotate, thereby adjusting the spacing of the mechanical grippers 1203. The mechanical grippers 1203 clamp the sample on the top of the conveyor belt 16. During the clamping process, the pressure block 1207 will squeeze the sample. The squeezed pressure block 1207 moves into the placement slot 1204 and squeezes the spring 1206. The spring 1206 transmits the pressure to the pressure detection device 1205. The pressure detection device 1205 adjusts the clamping force of the mechanical grippers 1203 according to the pressure to avoid damaging the sample during clamping. In addition, if the pressure block 1207 directly touches the control button 1208 when the mechanical grippers 1203 are clamping the sample, the control button 1208 will immediately send a signal to the robotic arm 1202 and the mechanical grippers 1203 to stop their operation. S3: The methodological leap from "single-point static detection" to "full-process dynamic monitoring" extends the application scope of imaging spectrometer 4 and camera 5 from traditional quality grading or safety screening to the in-depth field of pesticide residue dissipation kinetics research. By designing a rigorous time-series sampling process and using chemometric models to process serialized spectral data, it ultimately outputs intuitive dynamic dissipation curves of pesticide residues and key kinetic parameters such as half-life. This provides direct and quantitative decision-making basis for the formulation of pesticide safety use standards, while improving the automation level and repeatability of the detection results. The entire data acquisition process is controlled by the main control and processing computer 2. The precise synchronization of actions such as camera 5 exposure and sample stage movement minimizes random errors introduced by manual operation and ensures the consistency of detection conditions for different batches and different time points, making it possible for large-sample statistical analysis and standardized applications. S4: When the sliding block 10 moves upward, it drives the fixed block 1301 to move upward. During the upward movement of the fixed block 1301, it drives the transmission plate 1302, the connecting plate 1303 and the pressure plate 1304 to squeeze the rotating column 1305. The squeezed rotating column 1305 rotates on the outer wall of the support plate 6. When the rotating column 1305 rotates, it drives the push plate 1306 to rotate downward. When the push plate 1306 rotates, it pulls the connecting rope 1307. The connecting rope 1307 then pulls the rotating plate 1310 and the rotating rod 1309 to rotate on the top of the support block 1308. When the rotating plate 1310 rotates, it drives the fill light plate 1311 to rotate, so that the fill light plate 1311 is placed at a 45-degree angle to the sample to provide fill light to the sample.
[0030] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit, comprising a dark box (1), characterized in that: The inner wall of the dark box (1) is equipped with a main control and processing computer (2), a support platform (3), a support plate (6) and a support frame (7). The top of the support platform (3) is equipped with an imaging spectrometer (4). The outer wall of the imaging spectrometer (4) is equipped with a camera (5). The outer wall of the support plate (6) is equipped with a second motor (14). The power output shaft of the second motor (14) is equipped with a transmission shaft (15). The outer wall of the transmission shaft (15) is rotatably connected to a conveyor belt (16). The top of the support frame (7) is equipped with a first motor (8). The power output shaft of the first motor (8) is equipped with a lead screw (9). The outer wall of the lead screw (9) is threaded with a sliding block (10). The outer wall of the sliding block (10) is provided with a supplementary lighting component (13). The outer wall of the sliding block (10) is equipped with a connecting block (11). The top of the connecting block (11) is provided with a clamping component (12). The interior of the connecting block (11) is equipped with an infrared monitoring device (17).
2. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (12) includes a rotating disk (1201), one end of a mechanical arm (1202) is mounted on the top of the rotating disk (1201), and the other end of the mechanical arm (1202) is rotatably connected to a mechanical gripper (1203). The mechanical gripper (1203) has a placement groove (1204) inside, and a pressure detection device (1205) is mounted inside the placement groove (1204). The top of the pressure detection device (1205) is respectively equipped with a spring (1206) and a control button (1208). The end of the spring (1206) away from the pressure detection device (1205) is equipped with a pressure block (1207), and the outer wall of the pressure block (1207) is equipped with an anti-slip layer (1209).
3. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supplementary lighting component (13) includes a fixing block (1301), one end of a transmission plate (1302) is rotatably connected inside the fixing block (1301), a connecting plate (1303) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the other end of the transmission plate (1302), a pressure plate (1304) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting plate (1303), a rotating column (1305) is rotatably connected inside the pressure plate (1304), a push plate (1306) is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating column (1305), a support block (1308) is provided outside the push plate (1306), a rotating rod (1309) is rotatably connected to the top of the support block (1308), a rotating plate (1310) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the rotating rod (1309), a spring (1312) is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating plate (1310), and a connecting rope (1307) is mounted on the outer wall of the rotating plate (1310).
4. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating disk (1201) is rotatably connected to the top of the connecting block (11), and the pressure block (1207) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the placement groove (1204).
5. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed block (1301) is assembled with the outer wall of the sliding block (10), and the support block (1308) is assembled with the outer wall of the support plate (6).
6. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rope (1307) is fixedly connected to the push plate (1306), and the second spring (1312) is assembled to the outer wall of the support plate (6).
7. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The infrared monitoring device (17) is electrically connected to motor one (8) and motor two (14) respectively, and the control button (1208) is electrically connected to the mechanical gripper (1203) and the mechanical arm (1202) respectively.
8. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The connecting rope (1307) is made of rubber, and the rotating column (1305) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the support plate (6).
9. The dynamic monitoring device for pesticide residues on the surface of fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the support frame (7), motor one (8), lead screw (9), sliding block (10), connecting block (11), clamping assembly (12), supplementary lighting assembly (13) and infrared monitoring device (17) are all two, and the two support frames (7), motor one (8), lead screw (9), sliding block (10), connecting block (11), clamping assembly (12), supplementary lighting assembly (13) and infrared monitoring device (17) are located on both sides of the support plate (6).
10. A method for dynamic monitoring of pesticide residues on the surface of fruit, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: The power output shaft of motor 2 (14) drives the transmission shaft (15) to rotate. When the transmission shaft (15) rotates, it further drives the conveyor belt (16) to rotate. The conveyor belt (16) drives the sample to move. When the infrared monitoring device (17) detects the sample, it will send a signal to motor 2 (14) and motor 1 (8). After receiving the signal, motor 2 (14) stops working. The power output shaft of motor 1 (8) drives the lead screw (9) to rotate. When the lead screw (9) rotates, it drives the sliding block (10) to rotate. The sliding block (10) then drives the connecting block (11) and the clamping assembly (12) to move downward, thereby adjusting the height of the clamping assembly (12). S2: The rotating disk (1201) rotates and drives the robotic arm (1202) to rotate, thereby adjusting the spacing of the mechanical gripper (1203). The mechanical gripper (1203) clamps the sample on the top of the conveyor belt (16). During the clamping process, the pressure block (1207) will squeeze the sample. The squeezed pressure block (1207) moves into the placement slot (1204) and squeezes the spring (1206). The spring (1206) transmits the pressure to the pressure detection device (1205). The pressure detection device (1205) adjusts the clamping force of the mechanical gripper (1203) according to the pressure to avoid damaging the sample during clamping. In addition, if the pressure block (1207) directly touches the control button (1208) when the mechanical gripper (1203) clamps the sample, the control button (1208) will immediately send a signal to the robotic arm (1202) and the mechanical gripper (1203) to stop their operation. S3: The methodological leap from "single-point static detection" to "full-process dynamic monitoring" extends the application scope of imaging spectrometer (4) and camera (5) from traditional quality grading or safety screening to the in-depth field of pesticide residue dissipation kinetics research. By designing a rigorous time-series sampling process and using chemometric models to process serialized spectral data, the system ultimately outputs intuitive pesticide residue dynamic dissipation curves and key kinetic parameters such as half-life, providing direct and quantitative decision-making basis for the formulation of pesticide safety use standards. At the same time, it improves the automation level and repeatability of the detection results. The entire data acquisition process is controlled by the main control and processing computer (2). The precise synchronization of actions such as camera (5) exposure and sample stage movement eliminates random errors introduced by manual operation to the greatest extent, ensuring the consistency of detection conditions for different batches and different time points, and providing the possibility for large-sample statistical analysis and standardized applications. S4: When the sliding block (10) moves upward, it drives the fixed block (1301) to move upward. During the upward movement of the fixed block (1301), it drives the transmission plate (1302), the connecting plate (1303) and the pressure plate (1304) to squeeze the rotating column (1305). The squeezed rotating column (1305) rotates on the outer wall of the support plate (6). When the rotating column (1305) rotates, it drives the push plate (1306) to rotate downward. When the push plate (1306) rotates, it pulls the connecting rope (1307). The connecting rope (1307) then pulls the rotating plate (1310) and the rotating rod (1309) to rotate on the top of the support block (1308). When the rotating plate (1310) rotates, it drives the fill light plate (1311) to rotate, so that the fill light plate (1311) is placed at a 45-degree angle to the sample to provide fill light to the sample.