Rectangular roadway floor heave prevention and treatment structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine roadway supporting, and discloses a rectangular roadway floor heave prevention and treatment structure which comprises a bottom plate, limiting columns and a reinforcing filling layer formed by filling the space where the bottom plate and the limiting columns are located with concrete. The bottom plate is connected with a first anchor rod which downwards extends into a rock stratum at the bottom of a roadway; the limiting columns extend upwards from the bottom plate, and the limiting columns are connected with second anchor rods which extend into rock stratums on the two sides of the roadway in the direction perpendicular to the side faces of the roadway sides; the limiting column comprises a stand column vertically extending upwards and an inclined column obliquely extending upwards, the stand column is arranged on the outer side of the inclined column, the inclined column is connected with the stand column and the bottom plate so that the limiting column can apply acting force for preventing the bottom plate from bulging and deforming to the bottom plate in the set direction, and the acting force forms a plurality of force acting areas on the bottom plate. The plurality of force acting areas are diffused from the middle part of the bottom plate to the edge of the bottom plate, and the acting force acting on the inner side force acting area is not less than the acting force acting on the outer side force acting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of coal mine roadway support technology, specifically relating to a rectangular roadway floor heave prevention structure. Background Technology

[0002] In coal mine production, floor heave occurs to varying degrees in almost all mining roadways. Especially with the increasing coal mining in recent years, the corresponding increase in ground stress has led to a more prominent problem of floor heave, severely restricting safe and efficient mine production. This is particularly common and difficult to avoid in rectangular roadways with poor floor conditions. Floor heave not only causes roadway cross-section deformation, reducing ventilation and transportation efficiency, but can also trigger safety accidents, posing a serious threat to miners' lives. Therefore, the treatment of floor heave in such roadways is of paramount importance.

[0003] Currently, the main approach to dealing with roadway floor heave is passive support, which involves repeated excavation of the floor. This not only consumes a lot of manpower and resources but also often requires secondary repairs, resulting in a large workload and high support costs. It is also detrimental to the stability of the roadway roof and sides. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure includes a floor slab, a limiting column, and a reinforcing filling layer formed by filling the space between the floor slab and the limiting column with concrete;

[0007] The base plate is connected to a first anchor bolt that extends downward into the rock strata at the bottom of the tunnel.

[0008] The limiting post extends upward from the bottom plate, and the limiting post is connected to a second anchor rod that extends along the direction perpendicular to the side of the roadway to the rock strata on both sides of the roadway.

[0009] The limiting post includes an upright post extending vertically upward and an inclined post extending obliquely upward. The upright post is arranged outside the inclined post, and the inclined post connects the upright post to the base plate, so that the limiting post applies a force to the base plate in a set direction to prevent the base plate from bulging. The force forms multiple force action zones on the base plate, and the multiple force action zones diffuse from the middle of the base plate to the edge of the base plate. The force acting in the inner force action zone is not less than the force acting in the outer force action zone.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom plate is laid flat in the rectangular tunnel, and a cushion layer and an inverted arch beam installed inside the cushion layer are hollowly disposed in the lower part of the bottom plate.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom end of the inclined column is equipped with a base frame that horizontally abuts against the base plate, and the base frame is a flat plate structure or a ring structure.

[0012] Preferably, the column is provided with a connector, which provides a mounting groove for mounting the base plate or the inclined column; when the base plate is connected to the column through the connector, a portion of the base plate is inserted into the mounting groove and connected by high-strength bolts; when the inclined column is connected to the column through the connector, the end of the inclined column is connected to an assembly that can be inserted into the mounting groove, and the assembly is connected to the connector by high-strength bolts.

[0013] Preferably, the inclined column connected to the adjacent upper connecting member extends inward to the force application area to form an inner force application path, and the inclined column connected to the adjacent lower connecting member extends outward to the force application area to form an outer force application path, wherein the inclination of the inner force application path is not less than the inclination of the outer force application path.

[0014] Preferably, the column has a through hole for the connector to pass through, the connector passes horizontally through the through hole through the column and protrudes from the connecting side of the column, the connector is welded to the column, and the mounting groove is at least partially provided in the connector protruding from the connecting side of the column.

[0015] Preferably, the connector includes an upper insert and a lower insert, and the mounting groove is formed between the upper insert and the lower insert; two reinforcing hoops are sleeved on the column and welded to the upper insert and the lower insert, and the two reinforcing hoops are connected by a U-shaped plate installed on the column.

[0016] Preferably, the column is made of C-shaped steel, so that the mounting groove includes an outer groove portion provided in the connector protruding from the side of the column connection and an inner groove portion extending from the outer groove portion into the interior of the column, and the connection between the outer groove portion and the inner groove portion is connected through the opening of the C-shaped steel.

[0017] Preferably, a vertically extending end plate is welded to the top of the inclined column, and the assembly is an I-shaped steel with one end welded to the end plate and extending horizontally from the end plate.

[0018] Preferably, a reinforcing plate is welded to the bottom of the end plate, with one part of the reinforcing plate extending horizontally toward the bottom of the assembly and the other part extending obliquely toward the bottom of the inclined column.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] (1) This invention provides a rectangular roadway floor heave prevention structure, which specifically connects the floor slab and the limiting column together to form an integral support system. It can effectively constrain the floor slab to move in the horizontal and vertical directions in both the transverse and longitudinal directions. Furthermore, it forms a reinforced filling layer by filling the space between the floor slab and the limiting column with concrete, thereby giving the overall structure a strong resistance to deformation. It can effectively prevent and control the floor heave phenomenon of roadway floor slab, avoid the large amount of excavation and repair currently carried out in roadways, and save related engineering support costs.

[0021] (2) In this invention, the limiting column includes a vertical column and an inclined column, so that the limiting column acts on the base plate to form multiple force action zones that diffuse from the inside to the outside, while ensuring that the force acting in the inner force action zone is not less than the force acting in the outer force action zone, thereby further improving the stability of the support.

[0022] (3) In this invention, the inclined column abuts against the base plate through the base frame, which on the one hand ensures the stability of the connection between the inclined column and the base plate, and on the other hand ensures the effective formation of multiple force action zones.

[0023] (4) In this invention, the prefabricated connectors on the columns can effectively reduce the difficulty of connecting the base plate and the inclined column with the columns during on-site construction, thereby simplifying the on-site installation process. Furthermore, the resulting connection structure has excellent bending resistance and high node strength.

[0024] (5) In this invention, the column is preferably a C-shaped steel structure, so that part of the mounting groove on the connector extends into the inside of the column, increasing the working surface at the node connection and improving the connection stability and the strength of the connection structure. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the base plate and the limiting post in this invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the assembly of the upright column and the inclined column in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the image;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure in this invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the column in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly in this invention;

[0032] In the diagram: Base plate-1; First anchor bolt-11; Subbase-12; Inverted arch beam-13; Limiting column-2; Second anchor bolt-21; Column-22; Inclined column-23; Base frame-24; End plate-25; Reinforcing plate-26; Reinforcing filling layer-3; Connector-4; Mounting groove-41; Upper insert-42; Lower insert-43; Reinforcing hoop-44; U-shaped plate-45; Through hole-46; Assembly parts-5. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To further understand the content of this invention, a detailed description of the invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art, and are not intended to limit the implementation conditions of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effects and objectives of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and "middle" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of implementation. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention. It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this application described herein.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure, comprising a base plate 1, limiting columns 2, a cushion layer 12, and a reinforcing filling layer 3. Specifically, when implementing the rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure of the present invention, the tunnel must first be cleaned to ensure that the bottom surface of the tunnel is flat and free of debris. The base plate 1 is laid flat in the rectangular tunnel. To ensure close contact between the base plate 1 and the tunnel bottom, a cushion layer 12 and an anti-bottom arch beam 13 are hollowly arranged in the lower part of the base plate 1 to fill the gap between the base plate 1 and the tunnel bottom. The limiting columns 2 extend upward from the base plate 1 and are fitted against both sides of the tunnel. The reinforcing filling layer 3 is formed by filling the space between the base plate 1 and the limiting columns 2 with concrete. The overall structure is connected into a unified support system, which can effectively withstand the pressure and deformation around the tunnel, thereby achieving stable support for the tunnel. The cushion layer 12 is filled with concrete or gangue.

[0035] It should be noted that the base plate 1 is connected to a first anchor bolt 11 extending downwards into the rock strata at the bottom of the roadway, and the limiting post 2 is connected to a second anchor bolt 21 extending along a direction perpendicular to the sidewall of the roadway into the rock strata on both sides of the roadway. Both the first anchor bolt 11 and the second anchor bolt 21 are grouted anchor bolts, meaning that after the anchor bolts are driven into the rock strata, grouting fills the gaps between the anchor bolt holes and the surrounding coal and rock mass, making the anchor bolts and coal and rock mass integrated, thus enhancing the support effect. Therefore, in the three-dimensional truss structure composed of the base plate 1, the limiting post 2, and the anchor bolts, the base plate 1 provides a stable support surface, and the limiting post 2 and the anchor bolts form a stable support structure that prevents the base plate 1 from deforming or moving laterally or longitudinally. This not only improves the overall strength of the roadway support but also effectively prevents roadway deformation and damage, ensuring the safe use of the roadway.

[0036] Continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in an exemplary embodiment, the limiting post 2 includes an upwardly extending vertical post 22 and an upwardly inclined post 23. Specifically, the vertical post 22 is connected to the edge of the base plate 1 and is set close to both sides of the tunnel, and the inclined post 23 connects the vertical post 22 to the base plate 1, so that the limiting post 2 applies a force to the base plate 1 in a set direction to prevent the base plate 1 from bulging and displacing.

[0037] For example, the force exerted on the base plate 1 by the limiting post 2 should include the force exerted by the upright post 22 and the force exerted by the inclined post 23. Correspondingly, the force will form at least two force application zones on the base plate 1. Specifically, a set of upright posts 22 is provided at the edge of the base plate 1, and multiple sets of inclined posts 23 are provided between the upright posts 22 and the base plate 1. Figure 2 The diagram illustrates a structure with two sets of inclined columns 23, meaning the final number of force-acting zones depends on the number of inclined columns 23. Regarding multiple force-acting zones, as... Figure 2 As shown, multiple force application zones diffuse from the center of the base plate 1 towards its edge. It should be noted that the density of the force application zone acting on the center of the base plate 1 is not less than the density of the force application zone acting on the edge of the base plate 1, and the force acting on the inner force application zone is not less than the force acting on the outer force application zone. This effectively improves the load-bearing capacity of the base plate 1 and ensures that the load-bearing capacity of the center of the base plate 1 is not less than the load-bearing capacity of the edge of the base plate 1. Generally, roadway floor heave usually presents a phenomenon where the damage severity in the center of the base plate 1 is greater than that at the edge of the base plate 1. Therefore, based on this invention, a limiting column 2 structure is innovatively provided to adaptively apply forces to the base plate 1 to resist deformation caused by floor heave.

[0038] To improve the stability of the connection between the inclined column 23 and the base plate 1, and to ensure the continuity and effective formation of the force application zone, it is preferable to install a base frame 24 horizontally abutting against the base plate 1 at the bottom end of the inclined column 23. The base frame 24 is a flat plate structure or a ring structure. (See details...) Figure 2 As shown, a base frame 24 corresponding to the force application area in the middle of the base plate 1 is a flat plate structure. This flat plate structure is fixedly connected to the base plate 1 by bolts, and anchor holes for the first anchor rod 11 to pass through are opened in the center of the flat plate structure and the center of the base plate 1, so as to facilitate the installation of the first anchor rod 11. At the same time, the first anchor rod 11 can be used to reinforce the stability of the connection between the base plate 1 and the base frame 24. A base frame 24 corresponding to the force application area between the middle and the edge of the base plate 1 is an annular structure. This annular structure is fixedly connected to the base plate 1 by bolts, and the annular structure surrounds the flat plate structure in the middle to ensure the continuity of the corresponding force application area and to distinguish it from the force application area in the middle of the base plate 1.

[0039] Continue to refer to Figures 3-7 As shown in a specific embodiment, to connect the upright 22, the inclined column 23, and the base plate 1, a connector 4 is provided on the upright 22. The connector 4 provides a mounting groove 41 for mounting the base plate 1 or the inclined column 23. Specifically, the base plate 1 is laid horizontally, and the upright 22 is laid vertically. Therefore, a portion of the base plate 1 support can be inserted into the mounting groove 41, and then the base plate 1 and the connector 4 are connected by high-strength bolts. The inclined column 23 is inclined, so an assembly 5 that can be inserted into the mounting groove 41 is connected to the end of the inclined column 23, and the assembly 5 is connected to the connector 4 by high-strength bolts.

[0040] It is worth noting that when multiple sets of inclined columns 23 are provided, multiple connectors 4 are provided on the column 22 from top to bottom. The inclined columns 23 connected to the adjacent upper connectors 4 extend inward to form an inner force action zone to form an inner action path, and the inclined columns 23 connected to the adjacent lower connectors 4 extend outward to form an outer force action zone to form an outer action path. The inclination of the inner action path is not less than the inclination of the outer action path. Therefore, it is further ensured that the force acting in the inner force action zone is not less than the force acting in the outer force action zone, thus satisfying the stability support of the overall structure.

[0041] In this embodiment, the column 22 has the following openings: Figure 6The through hole 46 shown is for the connector 4 to pass through. The connector 4 horizontally passes through the through hole 46 through the column 22 and protrudes from the connecting side of the column 22. It is welded and fixed at the junction of the connector 4 and the column 22, and the mounting groove 41 is at least partially provided in the connector 4 protruding from the connecting side of the column 22. Specifically, the connector 4 includes an upper insert 42 and a lower insert 43, and the mounting groove 41 is formed between the upper insert 42 and the lower insert 43. Two reinforcing hoops 44 are sleeved on the column 22 and welded to the upper insert 42 and the lower insert 43. The two reinforcing hoops 44 are connected by a U-shaped plate 45 installed on the column 22. The side of the column 22 that connects to the inclined column 23 and the base plate 1 is the side of the column 22 facing the inclined column 23 and the base plate 1. The connector 4 passes through the column 22, providing strong support to the connector. The force on the inclined column 23 and the base plate 1 can be transferred to the upper plug 42 and the lower plug 43. The connector 4 acts as a shear key through the insertion of the through hole 46 and the mounting groove 41, and can bear about 80% of the total shear force in the node area, effectively reducing the risk of shear failure in the node area. It has excellent bending resistance, a simple force transmission mechanism, and high load-bearing capacity, thus achieving a stable node connection, that is, ensuring that the base plate 1 and the limiting column 2 can be stably connected into an integral support system.

[0042] Optionally, the inclined column 23 is made of U-shaped steel with the opening facing upwards, and the column 22 is made of C-shaped steel, with the opening side of the C-shaped steel serving as the connecting side. This allows the mounting groove 41 to include an outer groove portion located in the connector 4 protruding from the connecting side of the column 22, and an inner groove portion extending from the outer groove portion into the column 22. The connection between the outer groove portion and the inner groove portion is communicated through the opening of the C-shaped steel. This structural design effectively increases the working surface at the node connection, thereby improving connection stability and structural strength.

[0043] In this embodiment, the top of the inclined column 23 is welded with a material such as... Figure 7 The vertically extending end plate 25 is shown. The assembly 5 is an I-shaped steel piece that is welded to the end plate 25 at one end and extends horizontally from the end plate 25. At the same time, a reinforcing plate 26 is welded and fixed to the bottom of the end plate 25. Part of the reinforcing plate 26 extends horizontally towards the bottom of the assembly 5, and another part extends obliquely towards the bottom of the inclined column 23, thereby achieving a stable connection between the assembly 5 and the inclined column 23.

[0044] In practical use, the implementation process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0045] (1) Bolt holes, through holes 46, and anchor holes are made at corresponding positions on the base plate 1 and the limiting post 2. Specifically, as follows: Figure 6As shown, the column 22 is provided with three sets of through holes 46, and anchor holes are provided between adjacent through holes 46 for the second anchor rod 21 to pass through and be installed.

[0046] (2) Fit the reinforcing hoop 44 and the U-shaped plate 45 onto the column 22 at the position corresponding to the through hole 46, and connect the U-shaped plate 45 to the column 22 by bolt fixing or welding fixing; pass the upper plug 42 and the lower plug 43 through the through hole 46, and adjust the matching position of the reinforcing hoop 44 with the upper plug 42 and the lower plug 43, and then weld and fix the upper plug 42, the lower plug 43, the reinforcing hoop 44 and the column 22.

[0047] (3) Clean the roadway, fill the cushion layer 12 and the inverted bottom arch beam 13, lay the bottom plate 1 flat, support the limiting column 2, and connect the bottom plate 1 and the limiting column 2 with high-strength bolts;

[0048] (4) Install the first anchor bolt 11 and the second anchor bolt 21 to ensure that the free end of the anchor bolt can penetrate into the bottom rock layer and the rock layer on both sides of the rectangular roadway to provide additional support; after the anchor bolt is inserted into the rock layer, fill the gap between the anchor bolt hole and the surrounding coal and rock mass by grouting.

[0049] (5) The space between the bottom plate 1 and the limiting column 2 is filled with gangue and concrete is poured to form a reinforced filling layer 3, which further enhances the stability and support effect of the roadway and ensures the flatness of the roadway.

[0050] In the above construction steps, steps (1) and (2) can be prefabricated in the steel structure processing plant or completed on site; the prefabrication can meet the needs of mass production; the installation of (3), (4) and (5) is carried out on the construction site to complete the assembly of the three-dimensional truss structure composed of the base plate 1, the limiting column 2 and the anchor rod, as well as the reinforcement of the concrete pouring.

[0051] In summary, the rectangular roadway floor heave prevention structure provided by this invention: On the one hand, it supports the roadway while resisting deformation by combining anchor bolts, concrete pouring, and a three-dimensional truss structure to provide all-round support. The innovatively designed three-dimensional truss structure resists the bulging deformation caused by the rock strata at the bottom of the roadway, forming a force zone that adaptively diffuses from the center to the edges, further improving the stability of the roadway. On the other hand, grouting reinforcement technology is used to strengthen the overall three-dimensional truss structure, enhancing the load-bearing capacity of the floor slab. This prevention structure is simple to construct, has significant effects, and can be widely applied to the prevention of floor heave in rectangular roadways made of soft rock.

[0052] In the description of this invention, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0053] Note that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions can be made without departing from the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail through the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of the present invention, the scope of which is determined by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A structure for preventing and treating floor heave in a rectangular drift, characterized by, It includes a base plate (1), a limiting post (2), and a reinforcing filling layer (3) formed by filling the space between the base plate (1) and the limiting post (2) with concrete. The bottom plate (1) is connected to a first anchor bolt (11) that extends downward into the rock strata at the bottom of the tunnel. The limiting post (2) extends upward from the bottom plate (1), and the limiting post (2) is connected to a second anchor rod (21) extending in a direction perpendicular to the side of the roadway to the rock strata on both sides of the roadway. The limiting post (2) includes an upright post (22) extending vertically upward and an inclined post (23) extending obliquely upward. The upright post (22) is arranged outside the inclined post (23). The inclined post (23) connects the upright post (22) and the base plate (1) so that the limiting post (2) applies a force to the base plate (1) in a set direction to prevent the base plate (1) from bulging. The force forms multiple force action zones on the base plate (1). The multiple force action zones diffuse from the middle of the base plate (1) to the edge of the base plate (1), and the force acting in the inner force action zone is not less than the force acting in the outer force action zone.

2. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (1) is laid flat in the rectangular tunnel, and a cushion layer (12) and an anti-bottom arch beam (13) are installed in the hollow part of the bottom plate (1).

3. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the inclined column (23) is equipped with a base frame (24) that is horizontally abutting against the base plate (1). The base frame (24) is a flat plate structure or a ring structure.

4. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The column (22) is provided with a connector (4), which provides a mounting groove (41) for mounting the base plate (1) or the inclined column (23). When the base plate (1) is connected to the column (22) through the connector (4), part of the base plate (1) is inserted into the mounting groove (41) and connected by high-strength bolts. When the inclined column (23) is connected to the column (22) through the connector (4), the end of the inclined column (23) is connected to an accessory (5) that can be inserted into the mounting groove (41), and the accessory (5) is connected to the connector (4) by high-strength bolts.

5. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inclined column (23) connected to the adjacent upper connecting member (4) extends inward to the force action area to form an inner force action path, and the inclined column (23) connected to the adjacent lower connecting member (4) extends outward to the force action area to form an outer force action path. The inclination of the inner force action path is not less than the inclination of the outer force action path.

6. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The column (22) has a through hole (46) through which the connector (4) passes. The connector (4) passes horizontally through the through hole (46) through the column (22) and protrudes from the connecting side of the column (22). The connector (4) is welded to the column (22), and the mounting groove (41) is at least partially provided in the connector (4) protruding from the connecting side of the column (22).

7. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The connector (4) includes an upper plug (42) and a lower plug (43), and the mounting groove (41) is formed between the upper plug (42) and the lower plug (43); the column (22) is fitted with two reinforcing hoops (44) welded to the upper plug (42) and the lower plug (43), and the two reinforcing hoops (44) are connected by a U-shaped plate (45) installed on the column (22).

8. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The column (22) is made of C-shaped steel, so that the mounting groove (41) includes an outer groove portion provided in the connector (4) protruding from the connecting side of the column (22) and an inner groove portion extending from the outer groove portion into the interior of the column (22), and the connection between the outer groove portion and the inner groove portion is connected through the opening of the C-shaped steel.

9. The rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the inclined column (23) is welded with a vertically extending end plate (25), and the fitting (5) is an I-shaped steel with one end welded to the end plate (25) and extending horizontally from the end plate (25).

10. A rectangular tunnel floor heave prevention structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The end plate (25) is welded to the bottom of a reinforcing plate (26). Part of the reinforcing plate (26) extends horizontally to the bottom of the assembly (5), and the other part extends obliquely to the bottom of the inclined column (23).

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