LCD monitor

Abstract

This invention relates to an LC display comprising an improved PSA (polymer stable alignment) mode containing an LC medium comprising one or more polymerizable compounds, to an LC medium for use in the LC display, and to a method for producing the LC display using the LC medium, particularly to an energy-efficient LC display and a method for producing an energy-efficient LC display.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an LC display comprising an improved PSA (polymer stable alignment) mode containing an LC medium comprising one or more polymerizable compounds, to an LC medium for use in the LC display, and to a method for producing the LC display using the LC medium, particularly to an energy-efficient LC display and a method for producing an energy-efficient LC display. Background Technology

[0002] The proliferation of 8K TVs and gaming monitors has led to increased demand for LC display (LCD) panels with higher refresh rates, and consequently, for LC media with faster response times. Many of these LCD panels use polymer-stabilized (PS) or polymer-stabilized alignment (PSA) modes, such as PS-VA (vertically aligned), PS-IPS (in-plane switching), or PS-FFS (edge ​​field switching) modes or their derivatives, or self-aligned (SA) modes such as SA-VA mode, which are polymer-stabilized.

[0003] In PS or PSA mode, a small amount, typically 0.1-1%, of one or more polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds (also known as RM (reactive mesocrystalline)) is added to the LC medium. After the LC medium is filled into the display, the RM is then polymerized in situ via UV photopolymerization while a voltage is applied to the electrodes of the display. This creates a small tilt angle in the LC molecules of the LC medium, which is stabilized by the polymerized RM. The UV polymerization method (also known as the "PSA method") is typically carried out in two steps: a first UV exposure step ("UV1 step"), in which a voltage is applied to create the tilt angle, and a second UV exposure step ("UV2 step"), in which no voltage is applied, to complete the RM polymerization.

[0004] In SA-VA mode, the alignment layer is omitted from the display. Instead, a small amount, typically 0.1–2.5%, of self-aligning (SA) additive is added to the LC medium. This initiates the desired alignment, such as vertical or planar alignment, in situ via a self-assembly mechanism. SA additives typically contain an organic mesocrystalline core group with one or more polar anchoring groups, such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, or thiol groups, attached thereto. These groups interact with the substrate surface, causing the additive to align on the substrate surface and inducing the desired alignment within the LC molecules. SA additives may also contain one or more polymerizable groups, which can be polymerized under conditions similar to the RM used in the PSA method. In addition to the SA additive, the LC medium also contains one or more RMs.

[0005] However, there is still a need to further reduce response time, especially for gaming monitor applications, and developing new RM and LC media that can achieve faster response times while maintaining other desired performance characteristics such as high reliability is becoming increasingly challenging.

[0006] In the manufacturing process of PSA mode displays, UV C-type and / or UV B-type lamps are typically used as the radiation source for the UV1 and / or UV2 steps. UV C-type lamps typically have an emission spectrum with a minimum UV wavelength of approximately 300 nm, while UV B-type lamps typically have an emission spectrum with a minimum UV wavelength of approximately 320 nm.

[0007] On the other hand, to achieve low viscosity and fast response time, the LC host mixture for polymerizable LC media in PSA mode displays often contains one or more alkenyl compounds. However, this can lead to decreased mixture reliability and a significant reduction in its voltage retention rate (VHR) when exposed to the UV light required for RM polymerization. This is particularly problematic when using shorter UV wavelengths less than 320 nm. Therefore, the use of longer UV wavelengths in the PSA process is desirable.

[0008] However, in the ongoing mass production process of displays, changing the radiation source to achieve longer UV wavelengths is costly and time-consuming. Furthermore, this presents the challenge of finding a photopolymerizer (RM) with sufficiently high absorption at longer wavelengths to enable rapid and complete photopolymerization.

[0009] It is also recommended to use UV-LED lamps in the PSA process because they exhibit lower energy consumption, longer lifespan, and more efficient light energy transfer to the LC medium due to their narrower emission peaks, which allows for reduced UV intensity and / or UV irradiation time. This can shorten cycle time and save energy and production costs.

[0010] Therefore, there is a need for polymerizable LC media and LC displays that have the known advantages of PSA displays and additionally exhibit faster response times, while enabling PSA processes to be performed at longer UV wavelengths, especially in the 320 to 400 nm range.

[0011] Furthermore, there is a significant demand for improved PSA or SA displays, and for LC media and polymerizable compounds used in these displays, exhibiting very fast response times (even at low temperatures), high reliability after UV exposure, high VHR values, high resistivity, wide operating temperature range, low threshold voltage, strong tilt angle, high tilt stability, multiple gray levels, high contrast, and wide viewing angles. In the case of polymerizable compounds, they should also have low melting points and high solubility in the LC bulk mixture. For displays used in mobile applications, there is a particular desire for LC media with low threshold voltage and high birefringence.

[0012] Furthermore, there is a great need for improved PSA or SA displays and LC media and polymerizable compounds for use in these displays, which enable fast response times, exhibit good UV absorption (especially at UV wavelengths in the 320 to 400 nm range, particularly 320 to 380 nm), enable rapid and complete polymerization of RM, produce low tilt angles (preferably produced as quickly as possible), exhibit high tilt angle stability (even after longer times and / or after UV exposure), reduce or prevent the occurrence of “image stickiness” and “ODF inhomogeneity (mura)” in the display, and exhibit high solubility in LC media (which are typically used as the bulk mixture for PSA or SA displays) when RM is polymerized as quickly and completely as possible.

[0013] One object of the present invention is to provide improved PSA and SA displays, and improved materials, particularly for RMs in these displays and LC media containing the RMs, which satisfy one or more of the above-mentioned requirements.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide an LC medium for improving PSA displays, wherein the RM exhibits both rapid polymerization speed and good reliability parameters, such as high VHR or good tilt stability.

[0015] Another object of the present invention is to provide improved LC media containing RM, particularly for optical, electro-optical and electronic applications, as well as suitable methods and intermediates for preparing said LC media.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved LC medium containing RM, which exhibits one or more of the following advantageous effects:

[0017] - They are able to achieve very fast response times.

[0018] - They produce the desired tilt angle after exposure to UV light.

[0019] - They are able to control the generation of tilt angles well.

[0020] - These result in high and stable VHR, with only a slight decrease in VHR after UV stress, especially in the case of LC media based on LC host mixtures containing alkenyl compounds.

[0021] - They exhibit good UV absorption, especially at UV wavelengths in the 320 to 400 nm range, and particularly in the 320 to 380 nm range.

[0022] - These are suitable for PSA displays prepared by polymerization methods using UV C-type lamps and / or UV B-type lamps.

[0023] - These are suitable for PSA displays manufactured using UV-LED lamps and polymerization methods.

[0024] - They are able to control the time range of the first UV step very well, where a tilt angle is generated during the UV process.

[0025] - They result in good tilt stability.

[0026] - They are able to maintain the timeframe of the second UV step, where any residual RM is polymerized and the tilt angle is stabilized, minimizing energy consumption and production costs as much as possible.

[0027] - After the first exposure step and the second UV exposure step, the residual RM is less or does not negatively affect the performance parameters of the LC mixture, such as VHR, tilt stability, etc.

[0028] Other objects of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.

[0029] It has been found that one or more of these objectives can be achieved by providing improved PSA and SA displays as disclosed and claimed below, as well as improved RMs for use in these displays and LC media containing these RMs.

[0030] Therefore, it is surprising to find that one or more of the above objectives can be achieved by providing a PSA display containing an LC medium that includes one or more RMs in a significantly higher amount than that used in conventional PSA displays, and includes at least one RM that exhibits an absorption edge at longer UV wavelengths. Summary of the Invention

[0031] The present invention therefore relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) of polymer stable alignment (PSA) mode, preferably polymer stable vertical alignment (PSVA) mode, comprising an LC medium containing 2.5-7%, preferably 3-6%, very preferably 3.5-5.5% of one or more, preferably two or more polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds (hereinafter also referred to as "reactive mesocrystalline" or "RM"), wherein preferably at least one of these polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds or RM has an absorption edge in a wavelength range of 300-340 nm, preferably 320-340 nm.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains only one RM, which is present in the LC medium at a concentration of 2.5-7%, preferably 3-6%, very preferably 3.5-5.5%, and has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 300-340 nm, preferably 320-340 nm.

[0033] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains a first RM and a second RM, wherein the first RM has an absorption edge in a wavelength range of 300-340 nm, preferably 320-340 nm, and wherein the second RM has an absorption edge at a wavelength longer than that of the first RM, and preferably the concentration of the second RM is lower than that of the first RM.

[0034] Preferably, the first RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 300-340nm, more preferably 320-340nm, and the second RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 330-400nm, very preferably 330-380nm, and most preferably 340-370nm.

[0035] Preferably, the concentration of the first RM in the LC medium is 2.4-6.5 wt%, very preferably 3.5-5.5 wt%, and the concentration of the second RM in the LC medium is 0.01-0.5 wt%, very preferably 0.02-0.1 wt%.

[0036] Preferably, the first RM accounts for 90% or more of the total RM in the LC medium, very preferably 95% or more, most preferably 99% or more, and the second RM accounts for 10% or less of the total RM in the LC medium, very preferably 5% or less, most preferably 0.5% or less.

[0037] Preferably, the LC medium contains only polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds selected from the first RM and the second RM as defined in the context. Very preferably, the LC medium contains only (or exactly) two polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds, one of which is the first RM and the other is the second RM, as defined in the context.

[0038] The polymerizable mesocrystalline compound or RM includes a first RM and a second RM, preferably selected from the following formula:

[0039]

[0040]

[0041] Each group, independently of the others and in the same or different ways each time it appears, has the following meaning:

[0042] A a A b It is phenylene-1,4-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, which may optionally be substituted with one or more L groups.

[0043] Z a Z b The bonds are -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, or single bonds, with single bonds being preferred.

[0044] P is a polymerizable group.

[0045] Sp is a spacer group optionally substituted with one or more P groups, or a single bond.

[0046] L is F, Cl, -CN, or a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1-25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, or -CR. 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、

[0047]

[0048] or

[0049] The O- and / or S- atoms are replaced in such a way that they are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by P, F, or Cl.

[0050] R 0 ,R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms.

[0051] a and b can be 0, 1, or 2, with 0 or 1 being preferred.

[0052] k is 0 or 1.

[0053] r1 and r2 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 0, 1, or 2, and very preferably 0 or 1.

[0054] r3 can be 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1.

[0055] The LC medium according to the invention preferably comprises a liquid crystal component A (hereinafter also referred to as "LC host mixture") having negative dielectric anisotropy, which comprises, preferably, mesocrystalline or liquid crystal molecules, and a polymerizable component B, which comprises, preferably, one or more polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds or RM, as described in the context.

[0056] The LC medium or LC host mixture preferably contains one or more compounds of formula II:

[0057]

[0058] Each group is independent of the others and, each time it appears, has the same or different meanings as follows:

[0059] R 21 and R 22 H, a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-20 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally represented by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, or CR-, such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other. 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、 , , , , or The substitutions are made, wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F, Cl, CN, or CF3, preferably alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-6 C atoms.

[0060] R 0 R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms.

[0061] A 1 A 2 Groups selected from the following formulas

[0062]

[0063] Preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A9, and A10; Very preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A9, and A10.

[0064] Z 1 Z 2The bond type can be -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or a single bond, preferably a single bond.

[0065] L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 The solvent is F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2, with F or Cl being preferred, and F being very preferred.

[0066] Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and very preferably H.

[0067] L C It is CH3 or OCH3, preferably CH3.

[0068] a1 is 0, 1, or 2.

[0069] a2 is 0 or 1.

[0070] The present invention also relates to LC media as described in the context.

[0071] The present invention further relates to a method for preparing LC media as described in the context, comprising the steps of: mixing one or more polymerizable compounds selected from formula IA, IB and IC with one or more compounds of formula II, and optionally mixing with other LC compounds and / or additives.

[0072] The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing an LC display according to the invention as described in the context.

[0073] The present invention also relates to the use of the LC display according to the invention as an energy-saving display, as described in the context.

[0074] The present invention further relates to an LC display comprising the LC medium according to the present invention as described in the context, which is a PSA or SA display, preferably a PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS or SA-VA display.

[0075] The present invention further relates to an LC display comprising an LC medium as described in the context, wherein the polymerizable compound is present in a polymeric form, preferably a PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, or SA-VA display.

[0076] The present invention further relates to a PSA-mode LC display as described in the context, comprising two substrates (at least one substrate being light-transparent), one electrode disposed on each substrate or two electrodes disposed on only one substrate, and a layer of LC dielectric as described in the context located between the substrates, wherein a polymerizable compound is polymerized between the substrates of the display by UV light polymerization.

[0077] The present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing a PSA-mode LC display as described in the context, comprising the steps of: filling or otherwise providing an LC medium as described in the context between substrates of the display, and polymerizing a polymerizable compound, preferably by UV light irradiation, wherein the UV light preferably has a wavelength >320 nm, preferably in the range of 320-400 nm, very preferably in the range of 320-380 nm, and preferably simultaneously applying a voltage to electrodes of the display.

[0078] The present invention further relates to a method of manufacturing an LC display in PSA mode as described in the context, wherein the irradiation of the polymerizable compound is performed using UV C-type and / or UV B-type lamps. Attached Figure Description

[0079] Figure 1 The VT (voltage-transmittance) curves of the PSA displays according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 are shown.

[0080] Figure 2 The VT curves of the PSA display according to Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 are shown.

[0081] Terms and Definitions

[0082] As described below, alkenyl groups in the compound of Formula II or other components of the LC medium are not considered within the meaning of the term "polymerizable group" as used herein. Preferably, the polymerization conditions of the polymerizable compound in the LC medium are selected such that the alkenyl substituents do not participate in the polymerization reaction. Preferably, the LC media disclosed and claimed in this application do not contain additives that initiate or enhance the participation of alkenyl groups in the polymerization reaction.

[0083] Unless otherwise stated, polymerizable compounds and compounds of formula II are preferably selected from achiral compounds.

[0084] The expression "absorption edge (at a specific wavelength or within a specific range)" refers to a discontinuity in the absorption spectrum of the corresponding compound at the specified wavelength or within the specified wavelength range, such as an absorption peak. Unless otherwise stated, the absorption edge of the corresponding compound is preferably at a wavelength where the extinction coefficient E is 0.5 when measured in dichloromethane (DCM) at a concentration of 0.3 g / L.

[0085] As used herein, the expression “UV light with wavelength of…” followed by a wavelength range (in nm), or a given lower or upper wavelength limit (in nm), indicates that the UV emission spectrum of the corresponding irradiation source has an emission peak, which is preferably the highest peak in the corresponding spectrum within the given wavelength range or above the given lower wavelength limit or below the given upper wavelength limit, and / or the UV absorption spectrum of the corresponding chemical compound has a long wavelength tail or a short wavelength tail extending into the given wavelength range or above the given lower wavelength limit or below the given upper wavelength limit.

[0086] As used in this article, the term "full width at half maximum" or "FWHM" refers to the width of the spectral curve measured between those points on the y-axis that are half the maximum amplitude.

[0087] As used herein, the term "substantially transmittant" means that the filter transmits a substantial portion, preferably at least 50% of the intensity, of incident light at the desired wavelength. As used herein, the term "substantially blocking" means that the filter does not transmit a substantial portion, preferably at least 50% of the intensity, of incident light at the undesired wavelength. As used herein, the term "desired (undesired) wavelength" refers, for example, to wavelengths within (outside) a given range λ for a bandpass filter, and to wavelengths above (below) a given value λ for a cutoff filter.

[0088] As used herein, the terms “active layer” and “switchable layer” refer to layers in electro-optic displays, such as LC displays, which contain one or more molecules with structural and optical anisotropy, such as LC molecules, that change their orientation when subjected to external stimuli such as an electric or magnetic field, resulting in a change in the layer’s transmittance to polarized or unpolarized light.

[0089] As used herein, the terms “tilt” and “tilt angle” should be understood to refer to the tilted orientation of LC molecules of the LC medium relative to the cell surface in an LC display (preferably a PSA display), and should be understood to include “pre-tilt” and “pre-tilt angle”. The tilt angle described herein represents the average angle (<90°) between the longitudinal molecular axis (LC director) of the LC molecules and the planar parallel outer surface forming the LC cell. Low absolute tilt angles (i.e., significantly deviating from 90°) correspond to large tilts. Suitable methods for measuring tilt angles are given in the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, tilt angle values ​​disclosed in the context are related to this measurement method.

[0090] As used herein, the terms “polymerizable mesocrystalline compound,” “reactive mesocrystalline,” and “RM” should be understood to mean a compound containing a mesocrystalline or liquid crystal framework and one or more polymerizable functional groups attached thereto, and said functional groups are also referred to as “polymerizable groups” or “P.”

[0091] Unless otherwise stated, the term “polymerizable compound” as used herein should be understood to mean polymerizable monomeric compound.

[0092] As used herein, the concentration of RM (or polymerizable mesocrystalline compound) in the liquid crystal medium or display according to the present invention is expressed as a percentage by weight of the LC medium, and refers to the initial concentration of said RM, i.e., the concentration before polymerization according to the PSA process.

[0093] The SA-VA display of this invention will be of polymer-stabilized mode because it comprises or is manufactured using an LC medium containing an RM as described in the context. Therefore, as used herein, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the term "SA-VA display" should be understood to refer to a polymer-stabilized SA-VA display when referring to the display of this invention.

[0094] As used herein, the term “low molecular weight compound” should be understood to mean a monomer and / or a compound not prepared by polymerization, as opposed to “polymeric compound” or “polymer”.

[0095] As used herein, the term "non-polymerizable compound" will be understood to mean a compound that does not contain functional groups suitable for polymerization under the conditions typically applied to RM polymerization.

[0096] As used herein, the term "mesocrystalline group" is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, and it refers to a group that substantially contributes to the formation of a liquid crystal (LC) phase in low molecular weight or polymeric substances due to the anisotropy of its attractive and repulsive interactions. A compound containing a mesocrystalline group (mesocrystalline compound) does not necessarily have an LC phase by itself. Mesocrystalline compounds can exhibit LC phase behavior only after being mixed with other compounds and / or after polymerization. Typical mesocrystalline groups are, for example, rigid rod-shaped or disk-shaped units. Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73(5), 888 and C.Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem. The terms and definitions used in relation to mesocrystalline or LC compounds are given in 2004, 116, 6340-6368.

[0097] As used herein, the term "spacer group" (hereinafter also referred to as "Sp") is known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, see, for example... Pure Appl. Chem. 2001, 73(5), 888 and C. Tschierske, G. Pelzl, S. Diele, Angew. Chem.2004, 116, 6340-6368. As used herein, the term “spacer group” or “spacer base” means a flexible group, such as an alkylene group, attached to a mesocrystalline or polymerizable group in a polymerizable mesocrystalline compound.

[0098] In the context, Represents the trans-1,4-cyclohexyl ring, and It represents a 1,4-phenylene ring.

[0099] In groups In this system, the single bond between the two ring atoms can be attached to any free position on the benzene ring.

[0100] If the terminal group in the formula shown in the context is, for example, R 1A,2A R 1 R 2 R 11,12,13 R 31,32 R 41,42 R 51,52 R 61 ,62 R 71,72 R 81,82,83 R Q R 0 , R, R M R S R S1,S2,S3,S4 If L represents alkyl and / or alkoxy, it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 C atoms and correspondingly preferably representing ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, hexoxy or heptoxy, as well as methyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, methoxy, octyloxy, nonoxy, decyloxy, undecyloxy, dodecyloxy, tridecyloxy or tetradecyloxy.

[0101] If one of the aforementioned terminal groups represents an alkyl group in which one or more CH2 groups are replaced by S, it may be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7 C atoms and correspondingly preferably representing thiomethyl, thioethyl, thiopropyl, thiobutyl, thiopentyl, thiohexyl or thioheptyl.

[0102] The oxane group preferably represents straight-chain 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2-oxabutyl (=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxapentyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5- or 6-oxaheptyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6- or 7-oxaoctyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-oxanonyl, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 7-, 8- or 9-oxadecyl.

[0103] If one of the aforementioned terminal groups represents an alkoxy or oxaalkyl group, it may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms, provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0104] If one of the aforementioned terminal groups represents an alkyl group in which one of the CH2 groups is replaced by -CH=CH-, then it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Accordingly, it specifically represents vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, pent-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hex-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hep-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, oct-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, non-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, dec-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0105] If one of the aforementioned end groups represents an alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted with a halogen, then the group is preferably straight-chain, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of multiple substitution, the halogen is preferably F. The resulting group also includes perfluorinated groups. In the case of monosubstituted substitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be located at any desired position, but is preferably located at the ω-position.

[0106] In another preferred embodiment, one or more of the aforementioned terminal groups, such as R 1A,2A R 1 R 2 R 11,12,13 R 31,32 R 41,42 R 51,52 R 61,62 R 71,72 R 81,82,83 R Q R 0 , R, R M R S R S1,S2,S3,S4Or L is selected from the following groups

[0107]

[0108] -S 1 -F, -OS 1 -F, -O-S1-O-S2, where S 1 C 1-12 -alkylene or C 2-12 - Idemenyl and S 2 For H, C 1-12 -alkyl or C 2-12 -Alkenyl, and very preferably selected from the following groups

[0109]

[0110] -OCH2OCH3, -O(CH2)2OCH3, -O(CH2)3OCH3, -O(CH2)4OCH3, -O(CH2)2F, -O(CH2)3F, -O(CH2)4F.

[0111] If the group R in the formula is shown in the context 1-13 , R 51 , R 52 , R Q , R, R 2A , R 2B , R IIIA , R 1N , R 2N ,R B1 , R B2 , R CR1 , R CR2 R or L indicates an alkyl group in which one of the CH2 groups has been replaced by -CH=CH-, and it can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2-10 C atoms. Accordingly, it represents, in particular, vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, pent-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hex-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hep-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, oct-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, non-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, dec-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0112] If the group R in the formula is shown in the context 1-13 , R 51, R 52 , R Q , R, R 2A , R 2B , R IIIA , R 1N , R 2N ,R B1 , R B2 , R CR1 , R CR2 R or L represents an alkyl or alkenyl group that is at least monosubstituted with a halogen, preferably a straight chain, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of multiple substitution, the halogen is preferably F. The resulting group also includes perfluorinated groups. In the case of monosubstituted substitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be at any desired position, but is preferably in the position of fluorine or chlorine. -Bit.

[0113] The halogen is preferably F or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0114] Group -CR 0 =CR 00 - Preferably -CH=CH-.

[0115] -CO-, -C(=O)-, and -C(O)- represent carbonyl groups, i.e. .

[0116] Preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R). x )2、-C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x -N(R) x 2. Each having 1-25 carbon atoms, a straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkyl carbonyl, alkoxy carbonyl, alkyl carbonyloxy, or alkoxy carbonyloxy group, wherein one or more H atoms may optionally be replaced by F or Cl; optionally substituted silyl groups having 1-20 Si atoms; straight-chain or branched alkenyl groups having 2-12 carbon atoms; or optionally substituted aryl groups having 6-25, preferably 6-15 carbon atoms.

[0117] Where R x Represents H, F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1-25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O-, such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally replaced by F, Cl, P-, or P-Sp-.

[0118] Y1 It represents halogens.

[0119] Particularly preferred substituents L are, for example, F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, SCH3, SC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5, -CH=CH2, -CH2-CH=CH2, -CH=CH-CH3, -CH=CH-CH=CH2 or -C(CH3)=CH2.

[0120]

[0121] L has one of the meanings described above.

[0122] The polymerizable group P is a group suitable for polymerization reactions, such as free radical or ionic chain polymerization, addition polymerization, or condensation polymerization, or a group suitable for polymer-like reactions, such as a group that adds to or condenses on the polymer backbone. Groups suitable for chain polymerization are particularly preferred, especially those containing C=C double bonds or -C≡C- triple bonds, and groups suitable for ring-opening polymerization, such as oxobutyl or epoxy groups.

[0123] Preferred group P is selected from the following groups

[0124] CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-、 , , , CH2=CW 2 -(O) k3 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH3-CH=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -、HS-CW 2 W 3 -、HW 2 N-, HO-CW 2 W 3 -NH-, CH2=CW 1-CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 - CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -, Phe-CH=CH-, HOOC-, OCN- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Si-, where W 1 It represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl groups having 1-5 carbon atoms, especially H, F, Cl, or CH3, W 2 and W 3 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, especially H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, W 4 W 5 and W 6 Each independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, and W. 7 and W 8 Each of them independently represents H, Cl or an alkyl group having 1-5 C atoms, Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, which is optionally substituted with one or more groups L different from P-Sp- as defined above, k1, k2 and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0125] The highly preferred group P is selected from the following groups:

[0126] CH2=CW 1 -CO-O-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-、 , , , CH2=CW 2 -O-、CH2=CW 2 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-(O) k3 -、CW 1 =CH-CO-NH-、CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, (CH2=CH)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2CH-OCO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-, (CH2=CH-CH2)2N-CO-, CH2=CW 1 -CO-NH-, CH2=CH-(COO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2- CH2=CH-(CO) k1 -Phe-(O) k2 -、Phe-CH=CH- and W 4 W 5 W 6 Si-, where W 1 It represents H, F, Cl, CN, CF3, phenyl, or alkyl groups having 1-5 carbon atoms, especially H, F, Cl, or CH3, W 2 and W 3 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, especially H, methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl, W 4 W 5 and W 6 Each independently represents Cl, an oxaalkyl or oxacarbonylalkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms, and W. 7 and W 8 Each of them independently represents H, Cl or an alkyl group having 1-5 C atoms, Phe represents 1,4-phenylene, k1, k2 and k3 each independently represent 0 or 1, k3 preferably represents 1, and k4 represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0127] The highly preferred group P is selected from the group CH2=CW. 1 -CO-O-, especially CH2=CH-CO-O-, CH2=C(CH3)-CO-O- and CH2=CF-CO-O-, as well as CH2=CH-O-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-CO-, (CH2=CH)2CH-O-, and (CH2=CH)2CH-O-. and .

[0128] Further preferred polymerizable groups P are selected from ethylene oxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxobutyl, and epoxy groups, with acrylate and methacrylate being the most preferred.

[0129] It is highly preferred that all polymerizable groups in the polymerizable compounds used in this invention have the same meaning.

[0130] If the spacer group Sp is different from a single bond, it is preferably of the formula Sp"-X, so that each group P-Sp- conforms to the formula P-Sp"-X"-, wherein

[0131] "Sp" indicates a linear or branched alkylene group having 1-20, preferably 1-12, carbon atoms, optionally mono- or polysubstituted with F, Cl, Br, I, or CN, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently replaced by -O-, -S-, -NH-, or -N(R) groups such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other. 0 )-、-Si(R 0 R 00 )-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -S-CO-, -CO-S-, -N(R 00 -CO-O-、-O-CO-N(R) 0 )-、-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 Substitute with -, -CH=CH- or -C≡C-.

[0132] X" means -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, -CO-N(R 0 )-、-N(R 0 )-CO-、-N(R 0 )-CO-N(R 00 )-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CF2-, -CH=N-, -N=CH-, -N=N-, -CH=CR 0 -、-CY 2 =CY 3 -, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-CO-O-, -O-CO-CH=CH- or single bonds

[0133] R 0 and R 00 Each independently represents H or an alkyl group having 1-20 carbon atoms, and

[0134] Y 2 and Y 3 Each can be represented independently as H, F, Cl, or CN.

[0135] X" is preferably -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -O-COO-, or -CO-NR. 0 -、-NR 0 -CO-、-NR 0 -CO-NR 00 - or a single key.

[0136] Typical spacer groups Sp and -Sp"-X"- are, for example, -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-、-(CH2CH2O) q1 -CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-S-CH2CH2-, -CH2CH2-NH-CH2CH2- or -(SiR) 0 R 00 -O) p1 - where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12, q1 is an integer from 1 to 3, and R 0 and R 00 It has the meaning described above.

[0137] The particularly preferred groups Sp and -Sp"-X"- are -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O-、-(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 has one of the meanings described above.

[0138] The particularly preferred group Sp" is, in each case, a straight-chain ethylene, propylene, butylene, pentylene, hexylene, heptylene, octylene, nonylene, decylene, undecylene, dodecylene, octadecylene, ethyleneoxyethylene, methyleneoxybutylene, ethylenethioethylene, ethylene-N-methyliminoethylene, 1-methylalkylene, vinylene, propenylene, and butenylene.

[0139] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, compounds of formula IA and / or IB and their sub-formulas contain a spacer group Sp substituted with one or more polymerizable groups P, such that the group Sp-P corresponds to Sp(P). s , where s is ≥2 (branched polymerizable groups).

[0140] The preferred compounds IA and IB according to this preferred embodiment are those in which s is 2, i.e., compounds containing the group Sp(P)2. The most preferred compounds IA and IB according to this preferred embodiment contain groups selected from the following formulas:

[0141] -X-alkyl-CHPP S1

[0142] -X-alkyl-CH((CH2)aa P)((CH2) bb P) S2

[0143] -XN((CH2) aa P)((CH2) bb P) S3

[0144] -X-alkyl-CHP-CH2-CH2P S4

[0145] -X-alkyl-C(CH2P)(CH2P)-C aa H 2aa+1 S5

[0146] -X-alkyl-CHP-CH2P S6

[0147] -X-alkyl-CPP-C aa H 2aa+1 S7

[0148] -X-alkyl-CHPCHP-C aa H 2aa+1 S8

[0149] Where P is defined as in Equation I.

[0150] Alkyl refers to a straight-chain or branched alkylene group with a single bond or 1-12 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with F, Cl, or CN, and one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently bonded to each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other. 0 )=C(R 0 )-、-C≡C-、-N(R 0 )-, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O- substitution, where R 0 It has the meaning described above.

[0151] aa and bb can each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6.

[0152] X has one of the meanings described for X", and is preferably O, CO, SO2, O-CO-, CO-O or a single bond.

[0153] The preferred spacer group Sp(P)2 is selected from formulas S1, S2 and S3.

[0154] The highly preferred spacer group Sp(P)2 is selected from the following formulas:

[0155] -CHPP S1a

[0156] -O-CHPP S1b

[0157] -CH2-CHPP S1c

[0158] -OCH2-CHPP S1d

[0159] -CH(CH2-P)(CH2-P) S2a

[0160] -OCH(CH2-P)(CH2-P) S2b

[0161] -CH2-CH(CH2-P)(CH2-P) S2c

[0162] -OCH2-CH(CH2-P)(CH2-P) S2d

[0163] -CO-NH((CH2)2P)((CH2)2P) S3a

[0164] P is preferably selected from ethylene oxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxobutyl, and epoxy groups, with acrylate and methacrylate being very preferred, and methacrylate being the most preferred.

[0165] Further preferably, all polymerizable groups P present in the same compound have the same meaning, and very preferably represent acrylate group or methacrylate group, most preferably methacrylate group.

[0166] Sp preferably represents a single bond or -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p2 -CH=CH-(CH2) p3 -、-O-(CH2) p1 -、-O-CO-(CH2) p1 or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 Where p1 is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 2 or 3, p2 and p3 are independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, and if Sp is -O-(CH2). p1 -、-O-CO-(CH2) p1 Or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 Then, the O-atom or CO-group is attached to the benzene ring. Invention Details

[0168] Surprisingly, the improved PSA display according to the invention has been found to achieve significant advantages, such as faster response time, improved reliability, high VHR after UV stress, rapid and complete polymerization with very low levels of residual unreacted RM, and high tilt stability.

[0169] The PSA display and LC medium according to the invention are characterized in that, prior to the implementation of the PSA process for polymerizing RM, they contain 2.5-7% by weight, preferably 3-6% by weight, and very preferably 3.5-5.5% by weight of one or more types of RM. This is significantly higher than the initial RM content of 0.1-1% by weight typically used in conventional PSA displays.

[0170] When RM is polymerized according to the PSA process in a PSA display according to the present invention, due to its high concentration, the RM will form a polymer network that penetrates the entire display cell. In contrast, in conventional PSA displays, the polymerized RM is usually confined to the surface of the cell substrate, where it forms often discontinuous layers.

[0171] In the PSA display according to the present invention, the polymer network formed by polymerized RM can more effectively enhance the elastic constant of the LC medium, which enables a faster response time compared to the conventional PSA mode.

[0172] Therefore, the improved PSA display according to the present invention differs from conventional PSA displays known in the prior art. The PS(V)A display according to the present invention is also referred to below as an "enhanced PS(V)A mode display".

[0173] Furthermore, the LC media used in the PSA display according to the present invention are characterized in that they contain one or more RMs that exhibit an absorption edge in a longer UV wavelength, preferably in the range of 320-400 nm, and more preferably in the range of 330-380 nm. Thus, long UV wavelength radiation sources or even UV LED lamps can be used in the PSA process, which enables improved reliability of the LC media, higher VHR values ​​after UV stress, and higher tilt stability.

[0174] On the other hand, due to the polymer network formed by the higher RM concentration in the LC bulk mixture, a higher driving voltage is required compared to conventional PSA mode displays. Therefore, obtaining an LC medium capable of achieving high reliability and less image lag is particularly important.

[0175] In addition, compared to conventional PSA displays, PSA displays exhibit a flatter (i.e., less steep) VT (voltage-transmittance) curve, which allows for better control over grayscale and contrast.

[0176] Furthermore, when used to enhance PSA displays, the LC medium according to the invention exhibits the following advantageous properties:

[0177] - Very fast response time,

[0178] - Good control over tilting

[0179] - Appropriate tilting is generated within a certain process window.

[0180] - Rapid polymerization minimizes residual RM levels after UV treatment.

[0181] - High voltage retention rate after UV treatment

[0182] - Good tilt stability,

[0183] - Good VHR,

[0184] - Excellent thermal stability,

[0185] - It has sufficient solubility in organic solvents typically used in display manufacturing.

[0186] In addition, the LC medium according to the present invention exhibits one or more of the following advantageous properties:

[0187] - They produce the desired tilt angle after exposure to UV.

[0188] - They provide high tilt stability

[0189] They exhibit good UV absorption, especially at longer UV wavelengths in the range of 320-400 nm, preferably 330-380 nm, and are able to rapidly and completely polymerize RM at these wavelengths.

[0190] - These are suitable for PSA displays manufactured using polymerization processes employing UV C-type or UV B-type lamps.

[0191] - They are able to control the time range of the first UV step that generates the tilt angle during UV processing.

[0192] - They keep the time frame of the second UV step as short as possible to minimize production costs.

[0193] - After the first exposure step and the second UV exposure step, they reduce or avoid any negative impact of residual RM on the performance parameters of LC mixtures, such as VHR, tilt stability, etc.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises at least one first RM and at least one second RM. The concentration of the first RM (hereinafter also referred to as the "master RM") in the LC medium is preferably higher than the concentration of the second RM (hereinafter also referred to as the "doped RM") in the LC medium.

[0195] More preferably, the second RM or doped RM has a longer wavelength absorption edge than the first RM or the main RM.

[0196] Preferably, the first RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 300-340 nm, more preferably 320-340 nm, and the second RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 330-400 nm, very preferably 330-380 nm, and most preferably 340-370 nm.

[0197] Unwilling to be limited by a specific theory, the inventors of this invention believe that during the tilt generation process, the doped RM will primarily absorb UV radiation energy and will both react on its own and trigger a partial reaction in the main RM, thereby allowing for good control of the tilt angle of the LC molecules. Therefore, only a small proportion of the doped RM is needed, while the main RM constitutes the majority of the polymerizable component. Since suitable RMs with longer absorption wavelengths (>330 nm) are often difficult to find and more expensive, this allows for tilt generation and polymerization using longer wavelengths in a more easily and cost-effective manner by employing larger quantities of more conventional main RMs, which are often easier and cheaper to obtain.

[0198] Furthermore, this allows for a wider range of choices of UV lamps used in the UV1 and UV2 steps of the PSA process. Thus, for example, a master RM can be used whose absorption spectrum shows little or no overlap with the emission spectrum of the lamp used in the UV1 step (e.g., a 365nm UV-LED lamp) for tilt generation, but shows strong overlap with the emission spectrum of the lamp used in the UV2 step (e.g., a UV B-type lamp) for complete polymerization. On the other hand, the absorption spectrum of the doped RM shows strong overlap with the spectra of both UV lamps used in the UV1 and UV2 steps. In the UV1 step, the doped RM absorbs UV light emitted from the UV lamp (e.g., a UV-LED lamp) and reacts not only on its own but also partially triggers the master RM to produce tilt. In the UV2 step, the UV lamp (e.g., a UV B-type lamp) triggers the master RM to react on its own, resulting in all RMs reacting completely in the process. Therefore, the amount of residual unreacted RM can be kept very low.

[0199] Preferably, the first RM or main RM accounts for 90% or more of the total RM (or the total amount of polymerizable component B) in the LC medium, very preferably 95% or more, and most preferably 99% or more. More preferably, the second RM or doped RM accounts for 10% or less of the total RM (or the total amount of polymerizable component B) in the LC medium, very preferably 5% or less, and most preferably 0.5% or less.

[0200] Preferably, the weight ratio of the main RM to the doped RM in the LC medium is 1:300 to 1:100, more preferably 1:250 to 1:150.

[0201] Preferably, the concentration of the first RM or the main RM in the LC medium is 2.4-6.5% by weight, very preferably 3-5.5% by weight. More preferably, the concentration of the second RM or the doped RM in the LC medium is 0.01-0.5% by weight, very preferably 0.02-0.1% by weight.

[0202] The total concentration of polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds or RM in the LC medium according to the present invention is preferably 2.5-7% by weight, more preferably 3-6% by weight, and very preferably 3.5-5.5% by weight.

[0203] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains exactly one first RM or main RM and exactly one second RM or doped RM.

[0204] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains two or more first RMs or main RMs and / or two or more second RMs or doped RMs.

[0205] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium does not contain any polymerizable mesocrystalline compounds other than the first RM and the second RM.

[0206] The primary RM is preferably selected from compounds of formula IB and its derivatives. The doping RM is preferably selected from compounds of formulas IA and IC and their derivatives. Preferably, the concentration of one or more compounds of formula IA or IC in the LC medium is lower than the concentration of one or more compounds of formula IB in the LC medium.

[0207] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more, preferably exactly one, compounds selected from formula IB and its derivatives, and one or more, preferably exactly one, compounds selected from formulas IA and IC and their derivatives, and preferably does not contain any other polymerizable compounds.

[0208] In another preferred embodiment, the concentration of one or more compounds of formulas IA and IC and their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 0.01-0.5 wt%, very preferably 0.02-0.1 wt%, and the concentration of one or more compounds of formulas IB and their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 4.5-7.5 wt%, very preferably 4.5-6 wt%.

[0209] In a preferred embodiment, in compounds of formula IA, IB, and / or IC, at least one Sp group is a single bond.

[0210] In another preferred embodiment, in compounds of formula IA, IB, and / or IC, all Sp groups are single bonds.

[0211] In another preferred embodiment, in compounds of formula IA, IB and / or IC, at least one Sp group is a single bond and at least one Sp group is different from a single bond.

[0212] If the Sp group is different from a single bond, it is preferably selected from -(CH2). p1 -、-(CH2) p2 -CH=CH-(CH2) p3 -、-O-(CH2) p1 -、-O-CO-(CH2) p1 Or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 Where p1 is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 2 or 3, p2 and p3 are independently 0, 1, 2 or 3, and when Sp is -O-(CH2) p1 -,-O-CO-(CH2) p1 Or -CO-O-(CH2) p1 In this case, the O-atom or CO-group is attached to the benzene ring. Very preferably, if Sp is not a single bond, it is selected from -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -O-(CH2)2-, -O-(CH2)3-, -O-CO-(CH2)2-, and -CO-O-(CH)2-, wherein the O atom or CO group is attached to the benzene ring.

[0213] Preferably, in compounds of formulas IA, IB, and IC, all polymerizable groups P have the same meaning, and very preferably represent acrylate or methacrylate groups, with methacrylate groups being the most preferred.

[0214] Preferably, in the compound of formula IA, a and b are independently 0 or 1. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a + b = 1 or 2.

[0215] Preferred compounds of formula IA are selected from formula IAA:

[0216]

[0217] Wherein P, Sp, L, and r1 independently have one of the meanings given in Formula IA or one of their preferred meanings given by the context. P is preferably acrylate or methacrylate, very preferably methacrylate. Sp is preferably a single bond. r1 is preferably 0, 1, or 2, very preferably 0 or 1. L is preferably F or OCH3. Preferably, all groups P in Formulas IA and IAA have the same meaning, and very preferably represent methacrylate.

[0218] The preferred compounds of formulas IA and IAA are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0219]

[0220]

[0221]

[0222]

[0223] Compounds of formulas IA1 and IA2 are highly preferred.

[0224] Preferred IB compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0225]

[0226]

[0227]

[0228]

[0229]

[0230] Wherein, P and L have one of the meanings given in Formula IB, and Sp' has one of the meanings given for Sp that is different from that of a single bond. P is preferably an acrylate group or a methacrylate group, and very preferably a methacrylate group.

[0231] All groups P in preferred formulas IB-1 to IB-30 have the same meaning, and are very preferably methacrylate groups. Sp' is preferably selected from -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -O-(CH2)2-, -O-(CH2)3-, -O-CO-(CH2)2-, and -CO-O-(CH)2-, wherein the O atom or CO group is attached to the benzene ring. L is preferably selected from F, CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, and C2H5, and is very preferably selected from F and OCH3.

[0232] Compounds of formulas IB-1, IB-2, IB-12, IB-13, and IB-14 and their derivatives are highly preferred. Compounds of formulas IB-1 and IB-13 are most preferred.

[0233] The most preferred IB compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0234]

[0235]

[0236]

[0237] Compounds of formulas IB1, IB5 and IB6 are highly preferred.

[0238] Preferred IC compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0239]

[0240]

[0241] Wherein, P, Sp, L, r1, r2, and r3 independently have one of the meanings given in Formula IC or one of their preferred meanings, as given in the context. Preferably, at least one of r1, r2, and r3 is not 0. P is preferably acrylate or methacrylate, very preferably methacrylate. L is preferably selected from F, CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, and C2H5, very preferably from OCH3 or F. Preferably, all groups P in Formula IC and IC-1 to IC-6 have the same meaning, and very preferably represent methacrylate.

[0242] Compounds of formulas IC-1, IC-4 and IC-5 are highly preferred.

[0243] More preferred IC compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0244]

[0245]

[0246]

[0247]

[0248]

[0249]

[0250]

[0251]

[0252] Wherein, P, Sp, and L have one of the meanings given in formula IC, and Sp' has one of the meanings given for Sp that is different from that of a single bond. P is preferably an acrylate group or a methacrylate group, and very preferably a methacrylate group. Preferably, all groups P in formulas IC-1-1 to IC-6-12 have the same meaning, and very preferably represent a methacrylate group. Sp' is preferably selected from -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -O-(CH2)2-, -O-(CH2)3-, -O-CO-(CH2)2-, and -CO-O-(CH)2-, wherein the O atom or CO group is attached to the benzene ring. L is preferably selected from F, CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, and C2H5, and very preferably selected from F and OCH3.

[0253] Compounds of formulas IC-1-1, IC-1-6, IC-4-1, IC-5-1 and their derivatives are highly preferred.

[0254] The most preferred IC compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0255]

[0256]

[0257]

[0258]

[0259]

[0260]

[0261]

[0262]

[0263]

[0264]

[0265]

[0266]

[0267]

[0268]

[0269]

[0270]

[0271] Among compounds of formulas IC1 to IC21 having two benzene rings, compounds of formulas IC1, IC2, IC3, IC8, IC9, IC10, IC15, IC16, and IC17 are highly preferred. Compounds of formulas IC1, IC2, IC3, IC8, IC9, and IC10 are most preferred.

[0272] Among compounds of formulas IC22 to IC53 having three benzene rings, compounds of formulas IC22 to IC46 are highly preferred. Most preferred are compounds of formulas IC22, IC28, IC29, IC35, IC36, IC40, and IC41.

[0273] Further preferred are compounds of formulas IC1 to IC53, wherein one or two methacrylate groups are replaced by acrylate groups.

[0274] Further preferred are compounds of formulas IC1 to IC53, wherein all methacrylate groups are replaced by acrylate groups.

[0275] Further preferred compounds of formulas IA, IB, and IC and their subforms are selected from the following preferred embodiments, including any combination thereof:

[0276] - All the P groups in the compound have the same meaning.

[0277] - All P groups in the compound represent methacrylate groups.

[0278] - The compound contains exactly two polymerizable groups (represented by the group P).

[0279] - The compound contains exactly three polymerizable groups (represented by the group P).

[0280] - P is selected from acrylate, methacrylate, and oxetyl groups, with acrylate or methacrylate being very preferred, and methacrylate being the most preferred.

[0281] - All Sp groups represent single bonds.

[0282] - At least one Sp group is different from a single bond.

[0283] - Sp (when it is not a single bond) or Sp' is -(CH2) p2 -、-(CH2) p2 -O-、-(CH2) p2 -CO-O-、-(CH2) p2-O-CO-, where p2 is 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6, and the O- atom or CO- group is attached to the benzene ring.

[0284] - L represents F, Cl, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, SCH3, or SC2H5, with F, OCH3, or SCH3 being highly preferred.

[0285] -L represents -CH=CH2, -CH2-CH=CH2, -CH=CH-CH3, -CH=CH-CH=CH2, or -C(CH3)=CH2.

[0286] - L does not indicate that it does not contain the group P.

[0287] - r1, r2, r3, and r4 represent 0 or 1.

[0288] - r1+r2 is 0,

[0289] - r1+r2 is 1,

[0290] - r3 is 0.

[0291] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium additionally includes one or more RMs selected from the following:

[0292]

[0293]

[0294]

[0295]

[0296]

[0297] Each group, when appearing in the same or different manner, and independently of each other, has the following meaning:

[0298] P 1 ,P 2 ,P 3 The polymerizable group is preferably selected from ethyleneoxy, acrylate, methacrylate, fluoroacrylate, chloroacrylate, oxetyl, and epoxy groups.

[0299] Sp 1 Sp 2 Sp 3 It is a single bond or a spacer group, wherein, in addition, P 1 -Sp 1 -、P 2 -Sp 2 -and P3 -Sp 3 One or more groups in - can represent R aa The condition is that P exists. 1 -Sp 1 -、P 2 -Sp 2 and P 3 -Sp 3 At least one group in - is different from R aa Preferred -(CH2) p1 -、-(CH2) p1 -O-、-(CH2) p1 -CO-O- or -(CH2) p1 -O-CO-O-, where p1 is an integer from 1 to 12.

[0300] R aa It is H, F, Cl, CN, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1-25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently coupled to each other such that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other by -C(R) 0 )=C(R 00 )-、-C≡C-、-N(R 0 -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, and in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, CN or P. 1 -Sp 1 - Alternatively preferred are straight-chain or branched, optionally mono- or polyfluoroalkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1-12 carbon atoms (wherein the alkenyl and alkynyl groups have at least two carbon atoms and the branched groups have at least three carbon atoms), and wherein R aa Does not represent or contain the group P 1 P 2 or P 3 ,

[0301] R 0 ,R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms.

[0302] R y and R z It can be H, F, CH3 or CF3.

[0303] X 1 ,X 2 ,X 3 It can be -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or a single bond.

[0304] ZM1 -O-, -CO-, -C(R) y R z - or -CF2CF2-,

[0305] Z M2 Z M3 It can be -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or -(CH2). n - where n is 2, 3, or 4.

[0306] L is F, Cl, CN, or a straight or branched chain with 1-12 C atoms, optionally mono- or polyfluorinated alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, or alkoxycarbonyloxy.

[0307] L',L" represents H, F, or Cl.

[0308] k is 0 or 1.

[0309] r is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0310] s is 0, 1, 2 or 3.

[0311] t is 0, 1, or 2.

[0312] x is 0 or 1.

[0313] The compounds M2 and M13 are highly preferred, especially those containing exactly two polymerizable groups P. 1 and P 2 Bireactive compounds.

[0314] Further preferred compounds are those selected from formulas M17-M29, especially formulas M20, M22, M24, and M27, particularly those containing three polymerizable groups P. 1 P 2 and P 3 Tri-reactive compounds.

[0315] In compounds of formulas M1-M29, the group

[0316] Preferred or ,

[0317] Wherein L, each time it appears, has one of the meanings given in the context, and is preferably F, Cl, CN, NO2, CH3, C2H5, C(CH3)3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH(CH3)C2H5, OCH3, OC2H5, COCH3, COC2H5, COOCH3, COOC2H5, CF3, OCF3, OCHF2, OC2F5 or P-Sp-, very preferably F, Cl, CN, CH3, C2H5, OCH3, COCH3, OCF3 or P-Sp-, more preferably F, Cl, CH3, OCH3, SCH3, COCH3 or OCF3, and most preferably F, OCH3 or SCH3.

[0318] Preferred compounds of formulas M1-M29 are those in which P 1 P 2 and P 3 Those representing acrylate group, methacrylate group, oxobutyl group or epoxy group are very preferred, acrylate group or methacrylate group is most preferred.

[0319] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1-M29 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 Those that are single keys.

[0320] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1-M29 are those in which Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 One of them is a single bond and Sp 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 Another one that differs from single bonds.

[0321] Further preferred compounds of formulas M1-M29 are those with Sp groups that are different from single bonds. 1 Sp 2 and Sp 3 It represents -(CH2) s1 Those with -X"-, where s1 is an integer from 1 to 6, preferably 2, 3, 4 or 5, and X" is the connection to the benzene ring and is -O-, -O-CO-, -CO-O, -O-CO-O- or a single bond.

[0322] Further preferred compounds of formula M are those selected from those in Table E below, especially those of formulas RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-92, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-142, RM-153, RM-155, RM-158 and RM-159.

[0323] LC media containing one, two, or three polymerizable compounds of formula M are particularly preferred.

[0324] Further preferred are LC media containing two or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M1-M16, and very preferably selected from formulas M2 and M13.

[0325] Further preferred are LC media comprising one or more bireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M1-M16, very preferably formulas M2 and M13, and one or more trireactive polymerizable compounds of formula M, preferably selected from formulas M17-M32, very preferably formulas M20, M22, M24 and M27.

[0326] Further preferred are LC media comprising one or more polymerizable compounds of formula M, wherein at least one r is not 0, or at least one of s and t is not 0, very preferably selected from formulas M2, M13, M22, M24 and M27, and wherein L is selected from the preferred groups shown above, most preferably F, OCH3 and SCH3.

[0327] Further preferred are polymerizable compounds that exhibit absorption in the wavelength range of 320 to 380 nm, preferably selected from formula M, very preferably selected from formulas M1 to M32, and most preferably selected from the above formulas in Table E.

[0328] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from the formula CM, having two polymerizable groups:

[0329]

[0330] Wherein, P, Sp, L, r1 and r2 have one of the meanings given in formulas IA to IC or the preferred meanings given by the context.

[0331] Preferred CM compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0332]

[0333] Wherein, P and Sp, L, r1 and r2 independently have one of the meanings given in formula CM or one of their preferred meanings as given in the context, and Sp' has one of the meanings given for Sp that is different from that of a single bond.

[0334] Preferably, at least one of r1 and r2 is not 0.

[0335] P is preferably acrylate or methacrylate, with methacrylate being very preferred. All groups P in preferred formulas CM-1 and CM-2 have the same meaning, and are very preferably methacrylate. Sp' is preferably selected from -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -O-(CH2)2-, -O-(CH2)3-, -O-CO-(CH2)2-, and -CO-O-(CH)2-, wherein the O atom or CO group is attached to the benzene ring.

[0336] L is preferably selected from F, CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, C2H5, CH=CH2 and C(CH3)=CH2, and is very preferably selected from F.

[0337] The compound of formula CM-1 is highly preferred.

[0338] More preferred CM compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0339]

[0340]

[0341]

[0342] Wherein, P, Sp', and L have one of the meanings given in formulas CM-1 and CM-2. P is preferably acrylate or methacrylate, and very preferably methacrylate. All groups P in formulas CM-1-1 to CM-2-9 preferably have the same meaning, and very preferably represent methacrylate. Sp' is preferably selected from -(CH2)2-, -(CH2)3-, -(CH2)4-, -O-(CH2)2-, -O-(CH2)3-, -O-CO-(CH2)2-, and -CO-O-(CH)2-, wherein the O atom or CO group is attached to the benzene ring. L is preferably selected from F, CH3, OCH3, OC2H5, C2H5, CH=CH2, and C(CH3)=CH2, and very preferably from F and OCH3.

[0343] Compounds of formulas CM-1-1, CM-1-2, CM-1-3, CM-1-4, CM-1-5, CM-1-6 and their derivatives are highly preferred. Compounds of formula CM-1-1 are most preferred.

[0344] The most preferred CM compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0345]

[0346]

[0347]

[0348]

[0349]

[0350] In addition to the polymerizable compounds or RMs described above, the LC medium for the LC display of the present invention also comprises an LC mixture (“body mixture”) containing one or more, preferably two or more, LC compounds selected from non-polymerizable low molecular weight compounds, wherein at least one is a compound of formula II. These LC compounds are selected such that they are stable and / or non-reactive to polymerization reactions under the polymerization conditions applied to the polymerizable compounds. In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises at least one other polymerizable compound in addition to polymerizable compounds of formulas IA, IB, and their subforms.

[0351] Other preferred polymerizable compounds are selected from Table E below, and particularly from formulas RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-183.

[0352] The proportion of these other polymerizable compounds in the LC medium is preferably 0.01-5% by weight, more preferably 0.1-2% by weight.

[0353] Polymerizable compounds can be prepared by methods similar to those known to those skilled in the art and described in standard works of organic chemistry, such as those in Houben-Weyl, Methoden der Organischen Chemie [Methods of OrganicChemistry], Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart.

[0354] For example, acrylates or methacrylates can be produced by reacting them with a base such as pyridine or triethylamine, and 4-( N,N The corresponding alcohol is prepared by esterification with an acid derivative, such as (meth)acryloyl chloride or (meth)acrylic anhydride, in the presence of dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP). Alternatively, the ester can be prepared by dehydration with a dehydrating agent, such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)- N' -Ethylcarbodiimide (EDC) or N-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)- N' The alcohol is prepared by esterification with (meth)acrylic acid in the presence of ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride and DMAP.

[0355] The present invention further relates to LC media or LC displays as described above, wherein the polymerizable compound is present in a polymerized form.

[0356] The LC display is preferably a PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, or SA-VA display.

[0357] In order to produce PSA or polymer-stabilized SA displays, polymerizable compounds contained in the LC medium are polymerized in situ in the LC medium between the LC display substrates, preferably with voltage applied to the electrodes simultaneously.

[0358] As described in the prior art cited at the outset, the structure of the display of the present invention corresponds to the typical geometry of a PSA display. Preferred geometries are those without protrusions, particularly those in which the electrodes on the color filter side are unstructured and only the electrodes on the TFT side have slots. For example, a particularly suitable and preferred electrode structure for a PS-VA display is described in US 2006 / 0066793 A1.

[0359] The preferred PSA-type LC display of the present invention includes:

[0360] - A first substrate, comprising a pixel electrode defining a pixel region, the pixel electrode being connected to a switching element disposed in each pixel region and optionally including a microslit pattern, and an optional first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode.

[0361] - A second substrate, including a common electrode layer disposed on the entire portion of the second substrate facing the first substrate, and an optional second alignment layer.

[0362] - An LC layer disposed between a first substrate and a second substrate and including an LC medium as described in the context, wherein the polymerizable compound may also be present in a polymerizable form.

[0363] The first and / or second alignment layers control the alignment orientation of the LC molecules in the LC layer. For example, in a PS-VA display, the alignment layers are selected to impart vertical (or perpendicular) alignment (i.e., perpendicular to the surface) or tilted alignment to the LC molecules. Such alignment layers may, for example, contain polyimide, which may also be rubbed or prepared by photoalignment methods.

[0364] An LC layer with an LC dielectric can be deposited between the substrates of a display using methods commonly used by display manufacturers, such as the so-called one-drop-filling (ODF) method. The polymerizable components of the LC dielectric are then polymerized, for example, by UV photopolymerization. Polymerization can be performed in one step or in two or more steps.

[0365] A PSA display may include other components such as color filters, black matrices, passivation layers, optical delay layers, transistor elements for addressing individual pixels, etc., which are well known to those skilled in the art and can be used without inventive skills.

[0366] The electrode structure can be designed by an engineer according to the specific display type. For example, for a PS-VA display, multi-domain orientation of LC molecules can be induced by providing electrodes with slits and / or protrusions or bumps, or patterned electrodes, such as fishbone electrodes, to produce two, four, or more different tilt alignment directions. Alternatively, the display of the present invention can exhibit a single tilt domain.

[0367] Following polymerization, the polymerizable compound forms a copolymer, resulting in a certain tilt angle for the LC molecules in the LC medium. Without being bound by specific theories, it is believed that at least a portion of the crosslinked polymer formed by the polymerizable compound will separate from or precipitate from the LC medium phase and form a polymer layer on the substrate or electrode, or an alignment layer thereon. Microscopic measurements (such as SEM and AFM) have confirmed that at least a portion of the formed polymer accumulates at the LC / substrate interface.

[0368] Polymerization can be carried out in one step. Alternatively, polymerization may be performed first in a first step to create a tilt angle, optionally with voltage applied simultaneously, followed by polymerization or crosslinking of the unreacted compound from the first step in a second polymerization step without voltage applied (“final curing”).

[0369] Suitable and preferred polymerization methods include, for example, thermal polymerization or photopolymerization, with photopolymerization being preferred, especially UV-induced photopolymerization, which can be achieved by exposing the polymerizable compound to UV irradiation.

[0370] A preferred method for manufacturing a PSA display includes one or more of the following features, including any combination thereof:

[0371] - In a two-step method, the polymerizable medium is exposed to UV light in a display. The method includes a first UV exposure step (“UV1 step”), in which a voltage is applied to create a tilt angle, and a second UV exposure step (“UV2 step”), in which no voltage is applied to complete the polymerization.

[0372] - For irradiation of polymerizable media, a UV radiation source with an emission spectrum in the range of ≥300 nm, preferably in the range of 320-400 nm, and very preferably in the range of 320-380 nm is used, preferably at least in the UV2 step, more preferably in both the UV1 and UV2 steps.

[0373] - For irradiation of polymerizable media, a UV C-type lamp is used as the radiation source, preferably at least in the UV1 step, more preferably in both the UV1 and UV2 steps.

[0374] - For irradiation of polymerizable media, a UV C-type lamp is used as the UV radiation source in the UV1 step and a UV B-type lamp is used in the UV2 step.

[0375] Preferred embodiments of the present invention relate to a method for manufacturing a PSA display as described in the context, the method comprising one or more of the following features, including any combination thereof:

[0376] - In the two-step method, the polymerizable LC medium is irradiated with UV light, including a first UV exposure step (“UV1 step”), in which a voltage is applied to create a tilt angle, and a second UV exposure step (“UV2 step”), in which no voltage is applied to complete the polymerization.

[0377] - Using a strength of 0.5 mW / cm 2 -10 mW / cm 2 The UV light irradiation generated by the UV lamp can polymerize the LC medium, preferably in the UV2 step, and optionally also in the UV1 step.

[0378] - Irradiation with UV light of a wavelength preferably >300 nm can polymerize LC media.

[0379] - While applying voltage to the electrodes of the display, polymerizable LC dielectric is irradiated with UV light.

[0380] - UV irradiation is performed using a UV C-type lamp, preferably at least in the UV2 step, more preferably in both the UV1 and UV2 steps.

[0381] - UV irradiation is performed using a UV C-type lamp in the UV1 step and a UV B-type lamp in the UV2 step.

[0382] - UV irradiation is performed using UV-LED lamps, preferably in the UV1 and / or UV2 steps, and very preferably in both the UV1 and UV2 steps.

[0383] For example, this preferred method can be carried out by using the desired UV lamp or by using bandpass and / or cutoff filters that are substantially transmissive to UV light of each desired wavelength and substantially blocking to each undesirable wavelength.

[0384] The UV irradiation energy is preferably in the range of 2-100 J, depending on the production process conditions.

[0385] The LC medium of the present invention may additionally contain one or more other components or additives, preferably selected from the following list, including but not limited to comonomers, chiral dopants, polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, surfactants, wetting agents, lubricants, dispersants, hydrophobic agents, binders, flow improvers, defoamers, degassing agents, diluents, reactive diluents, auxiliaries, colorants, dyes, pigments and nanoparticles.

[0386] The LC medium preferably has a phase array type LC phase.

[0387] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more polymerization initiators. Suitable polymerization conditions, as well as suitable initiator types and amounts, are known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature. Suitable initiators for free radical polymerization include, for example, commercially available photoinitiators such as Irgacure 651®, Irgacure 184®, Irgacure 907®, Irgacure 369®, or Darocure 1173® (Ciba AG). If a polymerization initiator is used, its proportion is preferably 0.001-5 wt%, particularly preferably 0.001-1 wt%.

[0388] The polymerizable compounds of the present invention are also suitable for polymerization without initiators, which has considerable advantages, such as lower material costs, and in particular, less contamination of the LC medium by possible residual initiators or their degradation products.

[0389] Therefore, polymerization can also be carried out without the addition of an initiator. Thus, in another preferred embodiment, the LC medium does not contain a polymerization initiator.

[0390] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium additionally contains one or more stabilizers to prevent unwanted spontaneous polymerization of RM, for example, during storage or transport. Suitable types and amounts of stabilizers are known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature. Particularly suitable are, for example, commercially available stabilizers from the Irganox® series (Ciba AG), such as Irganox® 1076. If stabilizers are used, their proportion, based on the total amount of RM or polymerizable component (component A), is preferably 10-50,000 ppm, particularly preferably 50-5,000 ppm.

[0391] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more chiral dopants, preferably at a concentration of 0.01-1 wt%, very preferably 0.05-0.5 wt%. The chiral dopants are preferably selected from compounds in Table C below, very preferably R- or S-1011, R- or S-2011, R- or S-3011, R- or S-4011 and R- or S-5011.

[0392] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains a racemic form of one or more chiral dopants, preferably selected from the chiral dopants mentioned in the previous paragraph.

[0393] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium contains one or more other stabilizers.

[0394] Preferred stabilizers are selected from compounds of formula H.

[0395]

[0396] in

[0397] Ar represents an aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group having 4-40 C atoms, preferably 6-30 C atoms;

[0398] Sp represents a spacer group;

[0399] R S It represents H, an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2-12 carbon atoms;

[0400] Z S Represents -O-, -C(O)O-, and -(CH2). z -or-(CH2) z O- or single bond;

[0401] HA indicates ;

[0402] R H Represents H and O · CH3, OH or ORS H or O is preferred · ;

[0403] R S1 R S2 R S3 and R S4 The same or different can refer to alkyl groups having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably having 1-3 carbon atoms, and very preferably CH3;

[0404] G represents H or R S or group Z S -HA;

[0405] z is an integer from 1 to 6; and

[0406] q is 3 or 4.

[0407] Compound H is described in EP 3354710 A1 and EP 3354709 A1.

[0408] Preferred compounds of formula H are selected from formulas H-1, H-2, and H-3:

[0409]

[0410] Where R H It has the meaning given above, and preferably represents H or O. · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, very preferably 7, and Sp represents a spacer group, preferably an alkylene group having 1 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent -CH2- groups can be replaced by -O-.

[0411] Preferred compounds of formula H-1 are those of formula H-1-1:

[0412]

[0413] Where R H It has the meaning given above, and preferably represents H or O. · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0414] The most preferred compounds of formula H-1-1 are those of formula H-1-1-1:

[0415]

[0416] Preferred compounds of formula H-2 are those of formula H-2-1:

[0417]

[0418] Where R H It has the meaning given above, and preferably represents H or O. · And n2, in each occurrence, is the same or different, preferably the same, integer from 1 to 12, preferably 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, very preferably 3, and R S Each time it appears, it represents an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably n-butyl, in the same or different, preferably the same.

[0419] The most preferred compounds of formula H-2-1 are those of formula H-2-1-1:

[0420]

[0421] Preferred compounds of formula H-3 are selected from formula H-3-1:

[0422]

[0423] Sp and R H With the meanings given above, R H Preferably represented by H or O · And n is an integer from 0 to 12, preferably 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, and very preferably 7.

[0424] Further preferred stabilizers are selected from formulas ST-1 to ST-18:

[0425]

[0426]

[0427]

[0428]

[0429] in

[0430] R ST The symbol represents H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-15 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups may be independently coupled with -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, etc.

[0431]

[0432] -O-, -CO-O-, and -O-CO- are substitutions where the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and additionally, one or more H atoms can be replaced by halogens.

[0433] Each occurrence represents the same or different meanings. or ,

[0434] Z ST Each of these can be independently represented as -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, or a single bond.

[0435] L 1 and L 2 Each can independently represent F, Cl, CH3, CF3, or CHF2.

[0436] p represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0437] q represents 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or 10.

[0438] Preferred compounds of formula ST are those selected from formula ST-3, and in particular:

[0439]

[0440] Where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, preferably n = 3.

[0441]

[0442] Where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, preferably n = 3.

[0443]

[0444] Where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, preferably n = 1 or 7.

[0445]

[0446]

[0447] In compounds of formula ST-3a and ST-3b, n preferably represents 3. In compound of formula ST-2a, n preferably represents 7.

[0448] Highly preferred stabilizers are compounds selected from those of formulas ST-2a-1, ST-3a-1, ST-3b-1, ST-3d, ST-3e, ST-8-1, ST-9-1, and ST-12:

[0449]

[0450]

[0451] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more stabilizers selected from Table D below.

[0452] The proportion of stabilizer in the LC medium is preferably 20-700 ppm, and very preferably 50-300 ppm.

[0453] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium of the present invention contains a self-aligning (SA) additive, preferably at a concentration of 0.1-2.5%.

[0454] In a preferred embodiment, the SA-VA display of the present invention does not contain a polyimide alignment layer. In another preferred embodiment, the SA-VA display according to the preferred embodiment contains a polyimide alignment layer.

[0455] The preferred SA additive used in this preferred embodiment is selected from compounds containing mesocrystalline groups and straight-chain or branched alkyl side chains capped by one or more polar anchoring groups selected from hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, or thiol groups.

[0456] Further preferred SA additives contain one or more polymerizable groups, optionally linked to mesocrystalline groups via spacer groups. These polymerizable SA additives can be polymerized in an LC medium under conditions similar to those used for RM in the PSA process.

[0457] Suitable SA additives for inducing vertical alignment, particularly SA additives for SA-VA mode displays, are disclosed, for example, in US 2013 / 0182202 A1, US 2014 / 0838581 A1, US 2015 / 0166890 A1 and US 2015 / 0252265 A1.

[0458] In another preferred embodiment, the LC media or polymer-stabilized SA-VA display of the present invention contains one or more self-aligning additives selected from Table F below.

[0459] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium of the present invention contains one or more SA additives, preferably selected from Formula II or its sub-formulas or selected from Table F, at a concentration of 0.1-5%, very preferably 0.2-3%, and most preferably 0.2-1.5%.

[0460] In addition to the polymerizable compounds and additives described above, the LC medium used in the LC display according to the invention comprises an LC mixture (“body mixture”) containing one or more, preferably two or more LC compounds selected from non-polymerizable low molecular weight compounds, and at least one of which is a compound of formula II. These LC compounds are selected such that they are stable under the conditions for polymerization of the polymerizable compounds and / or non-reactive to the polymerization reaction.

[0461] A particularly preferred embodiment of this LC medium is shown below.

[0462] The LC medium or LC host mixture preferably contains one or more compounds of formula II:

[0463]

[0464] Each group is independent of the others and, each time it appears, has the same or different meanings as follows:

[0465] R 21 and R 22 H, a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-20 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally represented by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, or CR-, such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other. 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、 , , , , or The substitutions are made, wherein one or more H atoms are optionally replaced by F, Cl, CN, or CF3, preferably alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-6 C atoms.

[0466] R 0 R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms.

[0467] A 1 A 2 Groups selected from the following formulas

[0468]

[0469] Preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A9, and A10; Very preferred formulas A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A9, and A10.

[0470] Z 1 Z2 The bond type can be -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or a single bond, preferably a single bond.

[0471] L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 The solvent is F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2, with F or Cl being preferred, and F being very preferred.

[0472] Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and very preferably H.

[0473] L C It is CH3 or OCH3, preferably CH3.

[0474] a1 is 0, 1, or 2.

[0475] a2 is 0 or 1.

[0476] Preferably, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula II selected from compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID.

[0477]

[0478] Each group, when appearing in the same or different manner and independently of the others, has the following meaning:

[0479] R 21 and R 22 Each of these groups independently represents H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein one or more of these groups are CH2 groups such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-, , , , , Replacement

[0480] L 1 To L 4 It can be F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2.

[0481] Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3, preferably H or CH3, and particularly preferably H.

[0482] Z 1 Z 2 For single bonds, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O-,

[0483] p is 0, 1, or 2, and

[0484] q is 0 or 1.

[0485] Preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID are those in which R 22 Those that represent alkyl or alkoxy groups having a maximum of 15 carbon atoms, and very preferably (O)C. v H 2v+1 , where (O) is an oxygen atom or a single bond and v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0486] Further preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID are those in which R 21 Or R 22 Those that represent or contain cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups are preferably selected from...

[0487] ,

[0488] Where S 1 C 1-12 -alkylene or C 2-12 - Idemenyl and S 2 For H, C 1-12 -alkyl or C 2-12 -Alkenyl, and very preferably selected from

[0489]

[0490] Further preferred compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, and IID are shown below:

[0491] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula IIA:

[0492]

[0493]

[0494]

[0495]

[0496]

[0497]

[0498]

[0499]

[0500]

[0501]

[0502]

[0503] Where parameter a represents 1 or 2, alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0504] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-10, IIA-16, IIA-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42 and IIA-43.

[0505] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula: IIA-2

[0506]

[0507] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas IIA-2-1 to IIA-2-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0508]

[0509]

[0510] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula: IIA-10

[0511]

[0512] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas IIA-10-1 to IIA-10-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0513]

[0514] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0515]

[0516]

[0517]

[0518]

[0519] Among them alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0520] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIB-2, IIB-10 and IIB-16.

[0521] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0522]

[0523]

[0524] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas IIB-10-1 to IIB-10-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of formulas IIB-10a-1 to IIB-10a-5:

[0525]

[0526]

[0527] The proportion of compounds of formula IIA and / or IIB in the whole mixture is preferably at least 20% by weight.

[0528] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IIC-1.

[0529]

[0530] Among them alkyl and alky Each of the terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably contained in an amount of 0.5-5% by weight, particularly 1-3% by weight.

[0531] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0532]

[0533]

[0534]

[0535]

[0536] Among them alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-. alkyl can also be monofluorinated, and cycloalkyl and cycloalkyl... Each of the following groups independently represents a cycloalkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl, and most preferably selected from the following:

[0537] .

[0538] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formula IID-4, IID-7, IID-13 and / or IID-19.

[0539] The most preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0540]

[0541]

[0542]

[0543]

[0544]

[0545] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0546] The most preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0547]

[0548]

[0549]

[0550]

[0551] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0552] Further preferred compounds of formula IID are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0553]

[0554]

[0555]

[0556]

[0557]

[0558]

[0559]

[0560] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0561] Further preferred IID compounds are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0562]

[0563]

[0564]

[0565]

[0566]

[0567] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0568] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula:

[0569]

[0570]

[0571]

[0572]

[0573]

[0574]

[0575]

[0576]

[0577]

[0578]

[0579]

[0580] Where parameter a represents 1 or 2, alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms, and (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl preferably represents CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0581] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39 and IIE-40.

[0582] Particularly preferred LC media according to the invention comprise one or more compounds selected from formulas IIA-2, IIA-8, IIA-10, IIA-16, II-18, IIA-40, IIA-41, IIA-42, IIA-43, IIB-2, IIB-10, IIB-16, IIC-1, IID-4, IID-10, IID-14, IID-17, IIE-2, IIE-8, IIE-10, IIE-16, IIE-18, IIE-37, IIE-38, IIE-39 and IIE-40 or their derivatives.

[0583] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III, different from formula IA.

[0584]

[0585] Each group, independently of the others and in the same or different ways each time it appears, has the following meaning:

[0586] R 31 R 32 The group is H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, or at least monosubstituted with a halogen, wherein one or more CH2 groups of these groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, in such a manner that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0587]

[0588] Replace with -C≡C-, -CF₂O-, -OCF₂-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-.

[0589] A 3 a) 1,4-cyclohexeneyl or 1,4-cyclohexeneyl, wherein one or both non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O- or -S-.

[0590] b) 1,4-Phenylidene, wherein one or both CH groups may be replaced by N, or

[0591] c) A group selected from spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, and fluorene-2,7-diyl.

[0592] Groups a), b), and c) can be mono- or poly-substituted with halogen atoms.

[0593] n can be 0, 1, or 2, preferably 0 or 1.

[0594] Z 1 For -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or single bonds,

[0595] L 11 L 12 The active ingredient is F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2, preferably H or F, with F being the most preferred.

[0596] W is either O or S.

[0597] Y 1 Y 2 The components are H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3, with H, CH3 or OCH3 being preferred, and H being very preferred.

[0598] In compounds of formula III, R 31 and R 32 Preferably selected from straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-12, preferably 1-7 C atoms, straight-chain alkenyl groups having 2-12, preferably 2-7 C atoms, and cyclic alkyl or alkoxy groups having 3-12, preferably 3-8 C atoms.

[0599] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-1 or III-2.

[0600]

[0601] The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as given in Formula III above and are preferably...

[0602] R 31 and R 32 Each of these is independently an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having a maximum of 15 carbon atoms, more preferably one or both of which represent an alkoxy group, and

[0603] L 11 and L 12 Each is preferred, represented by F.

[0604] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-1 selected from formulas III-1-1 to III-1-10, preferably formula III-1-6.

[0605] .

[0606]

[0607]

[0608] Among them alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; alkenyl and alkeny Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms: alkoxy and alkox. Each independently represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and L 11 and L 12 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, with F being the preferred choice.

[0609] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-2 selected from formulas III-2-1 to III-2-10, preferably formula III-2-1.

[0610]

[0611]

[0612] Among them alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; alkenyl and alkeny Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms: alkoxy and alkox. Each independently represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and L 11 and L 12 Each can be represented independently as F or Cl, with F being the preferred choice.

[0613] The most preferred compounds of formula III-2 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0614]

[0615]

[0616] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 C atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy, and very preferably ethoxy or propoxy.

[0617] Compounds of formulas III-2-1-3, III-2-1-4 and III-2-1-5 are highly preferred.

[0618] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-3-1 to III-3-4.

[0619]

[0620]

[0621] Where L 11 and L 12 Having the same meaning as given in Equation III, (O) represents O or a single bond.

[0622] R 33 This refers to an alkyl or alkenyl group, or a Cy-C group, having a maximum of 7 carbon atoms. m H 2m+1 -,

[0623] R 34 This refers to an alkyl or alkenyl group, or a Cy-C group, having a maximum of 7 carbon atoms. m H 2m+1 -,

[0624] m and n are the same or different from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1, and

[0625] Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4 or 5 ring atoms, which may be an alkyl or alkenyl group having a maximum of 3 carbon atoms, or may be substituted with halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl.

[0626] Compounds of formula III3-1 and / or III3-2 may replace compounds of formula III or be additionally contained in the LC medium, preferably additionally.

[0627] The most preferred compounds of formula III-3-1 are as follows:

[0628]

[0629]

[0630] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0631] The most preferred compounds of formula III-3-2 are as follows:

[0632]

[0633] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0634] The most preferred compounds of formula III-3-3 are as follows:

[0635]

[0636]

[0637] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 C atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy, and very preferably ethoxy or propoxy.

[0638] The most preferred compounds of formula III-3-4 are as follows:

[0639]

[0640] Here, alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 C atoms, preferably ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy or pentoxy, and very preferably ethoxy or propoxy.

[0641] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-4 to III-6, preferably formula III-5.

[0642]

[0643] The parameters have the meanings given above, R 11 Preferably, it represents straight-chain alkyl and R 12 Preferably, alkoxy groups are used, each having 1-7 carbon atoms.

[0644] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III selected from formulas III-7 to III-9, preferably formula III-8.

[0645]

[0646] The parameters have the meanings given above, R 11 Preferably, it represents straight-chain alkyl and R 12 Preferably, alkoxy groups are used, each having 1-7 carbon atoms.

[0647] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III-10.

[0648]

[0649] The groups appearing therein have the same meaning as those given in Formula III, and preferably:

[0650] R 31 and R 32Each of the components is independently an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkoxy group having at most 15 carbon atoms, preferably 1-7 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkoxy group having 1-7 carbon atoms, or a cyclic alkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl, and most preferably selected from the group consisting of:

[0651]

[0652] The most preferred compounds of formula III-10 are selected from the following formulas:

[0653]

[0654]

[0655]

[0656]

[0657] Among them, R 32 The symbol represents an alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively -(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4 or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0658] Preferred compounds of formula III are III-2-1-3, III-2-1-4, III-2-1-5 and III-10-2, and most preferred compounds are B(S)-2O-O4, B(S)-2O-O5, B(S)-2O-O6 and COB(S)-2-O4.

[0659] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV.

[0660]

[0661] in

[0662] R 41 This indicates an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups may be present. , or Alternatives, or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-7 carbon atoms, are preferred. n -alkyl groups, particularly preferably having 2, 3, 4 or 5 carbon atoms, and

[0663] R 42The term refers to an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms (preferably having 2-5 carbon atoms), an unsubstituted alkenyl group having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, more preferably vinyl or 1-propenyl and especially vinyl.

[0664] Compounds of formula IV are preferably selected from formulas IV-1 to IV-5.

[0665]

[0666] in

[0667] alkyl and alkyl' independently represent alkyl groups having 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2-5 carbon atoms.

[0668] alkenyl indicates an alkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2 carbon atoms.

[0669] 'alkenyl' indicates an alkenyl group having 2-5 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, and particularly preferably 2-3 carbon atoms.

[0670] alkoxy refers to an alkoxy group having 1-5 carbon atoms, preferably 2-4 carbon atoms, and

[0671] Cycloalkyl refers to a cyclic alkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl, and most preferably selected from the group consisting of:

[0672]

[0673] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formula IV-1:

[0674]

[0675] More preferably, the LC medium of the present invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-2-1 and / or IV-2-2.

[0676]

[0677]

[0678] More preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-3, particularly compounds selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0679]

[0680]

[0681] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula IV-5:

[0682]

[0683]

[0684]

[0685] Wherein, alkyl represents methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl or n-pentyl.

[0686] More preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-4, particularly compounds selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0687]

[0688]

[0689] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-4 and its derivatives, wherein one or both of "alkenyl" and "alkenyl'" represent , wherein m is 0, 1 or 2 and n is 0, 1 or 2, and is very preferably selected from compounds of formula IV-4-3 to IV-4-6.

[0690] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula IV-1 or its derivatives and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-3 or its derivatives and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-4 or its derivatives and / or one or more compounds of formula IV-5 or its derivatives, wherein the total concentration of these compounds is in the range of 1% to 30%.

[0691] The LC medium according to the invention preferably additionally comprises one or more compounds of formula IVa.

[0692]

[0693] in

[0694] R 41 and R 42 Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, or alkoxyalkyl group having a maximum of 12 carbon atoms.

[0695] express , , , or ,

[0696] Z 4 It represents a single bond, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -C4H8-, or -CF=CF-.

[0697] Preferred compounds of formula IVa are shown below:

[0698]

[0699] Among them alkyl and alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0700] The LC medium of the present invention preferably contains at least one compound of formula IVa-1 and / or formula IVa-2.

[0701] The proportion of the IVa compound in the entire mixture is preferably at least 5 wt%.

[0702] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula IVb-1 to IVb-3.

[0703]

[0704] in

[0705] alkyl and alky Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and

[0706] alkenyl and alkeny Each of them independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 C atoms.

[0707] The proportion of compounds of formula IV-1 to IV-3 in the whole mixture is preferably at least 3 wt%, and in particular ≥5 wt%.

[0708] Of the compounds of formulas IVb-1 to IVb-3, compound IVb-2 is particularly preferred.

[0709] Particularly preferred compounds of formulas IV-1 to IV-3 are selected from the following formulas:

[0710]

[0711]

[0712] alky It indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and preferably an n-propyl group.

[0713] The LC media of the present invention particularly preferably contain one or more compounds of the formula IVb-1-1 and / or IVb-2-3.

[0714] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V.

[0715]

[0716] in

[0717] R 51 and R 52 Independently representing H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, or at least monosubstituted with a halogen, wherein one or more CH2 groups among these groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, in such a manner that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0718] The alternative, and preferably, represents an alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, preferably an n-alkyl group, particularly preferably an n-alkyl group having 1-5 carbon atoms; an alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, preferably an n-alkoxy group, particularly preferably an n-alkoxy group having 2-5 carbon atoms; or an alkoxyalkyl, alkenyl, or alkenyloxy group having 2-7 carbon atoms, preferably having 2-4 carbon atoms, preferably an alkenyloxy group.

[0719] , Same or different

[0720]

[0721] or

[0722] in

[0723] Preferred representation or ,

[0724] Z 51 Z 52Each of these independently represents -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO-, or a single bond, preferably -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, or a single bond, and particularly preferably a single bond.

[0725] n is 1 or 2.

[0726] Compounds of formula V are preferably selected from compounds of formulas V-1 to V-17:

[0727]

[0728]

[0729] Where R 1 and R 2 Having the above for R 51 and R 52 The meaning stated.

[0730] R 1 and R 2 Preferably, each represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group independently of the other.

[0731] Preferred LC media comprise one or more compounds of formulas V-1, V-3, V-4, V-6, V-7, V-10, V-11, V-12, V-14, V-15 and / or V-16.

[0732] The LC media of the present invention particularly preferably contain compounds of formula V-10 and / or IV-1, especially in amounts of 5-30%.

[0733] Preferred compounds of formula V-10 are shown below:

[0734]

[0735] The LC medium of the present invention particularly preferably comprises a combination of a tricyclic compound of formula V-10a and / or formula V-10b and one or more bicyclic compounds of formula IV-1. The total proportion of the combination of the compound of formula V-10a and / or V-10b and one or more compounds selected from the dicyclohexyl compound of formula IV-1 is 5-40%, very particularly preferably 15-35%.

[0736] Particularly preferred LC media contain compounds V-10a and / or IV-1-1

[0737]

[0738]

[0739] Compounds V-10a and IV-1-1 are preferably present in the mixture at a concentration of 5-30%, very preferably 10-25%, based on the whole mixture.

[0740] Preferred LC media contain at least one compound selected from the following

[0741]

[0742] Among them, R 1 R 2 R 41 and R 42 It has the meaning indicated above. Preferably, in compounds of formulas V-6, V-7, and IV, R 1 and R 41 This indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1-6 or 2-6 carbon atoms, respectively, and R 2 and R 42 This indicates an alkenyl group having 2-6 carbon atoms. Preferably, in compounds of formula V-14, R... 1 It indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group having 1-6 or 2-6 carbon atoms, and R 2 This indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms. More preferably, in compounds of formula V-7, R... 1 and R 2 One or two of them represent cyclic alkyl groups having 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl.

[0743] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula V-7, preferably compounds selected from formulas V-7a to V-7e:

[0744]

[0745]

[0746] Wherein, alkyl represents an alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, alkenyl represents an alkenyl group having 2-7 carbon atoms, and cycloalkyl represents a cyclic alkyl group having 3-12 carbon atoms, preferably cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclopropylalkyl, cyclobutylalkyl, or cyclopentylalkyl.

[0747] The highly preferred compounds of formula V-7a to V-7e are selected from compounds of formula V7-b1 to V7-b3, V-7d-1 to V-7d-8 and V-7e-1 to V-7e-12.

[0748]

[0749]

[0750]

[0751] Wherein, alkyl represents ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, preferably n-propyl.

[0752] Further preferred are compounds of formula V, wherein R 51 and R 52 Those that independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1-7 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups having 2-7 carbon atoms.

[0753] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of formulas VI-1 to VI-25.

[0754]

[0755]

[0756]

[0757] in

[0758] R represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group with 1-6 carbon atoms, (O) represents -O- or a single bond, X represents F, Cl, OCF3 or OCHF2, and L represents... x It represents H or F, where m is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and n is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.

[0759] R preferably represents methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, or pentoxy.

[0760] X preferably represents F or OCH3, with F being the most preferred.

[0761] The LC medium of the present invention preferably contains terphenyl of formula VI-1 to VI-25 in an amount of 2-30 wt%, particularly 5-20 wt%.

[0762] Particularly preferred are compounds of formulas VI-1, VI-2, VI-4, VI-20, VI-21, and VI-22, wherein X represents F. In these compounds, R preferably represents an alkyl group and an alkoxy group, each having 1-5 carbon atoms. In compound VI-20, R preferably represents an alkyl or alkenyl group, particularly an alkyl group. In compound VI-21, R preferably represents an alkyl group. In compounds VI-22 to VI-25, X preferably represents F.

[0763] If the mixture If the n value is ≥0.1, then terphenyl compounds of formulas VI-1 to VI-25 are preferably used in the LC medium of the present invention. The preferred LC medium contains 2-20 wt% of one or more terphenyl compounds selected from formulas VI-1 to VI-25.

[0764] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds of formulas VII-1 to VII-9.

[0765]

[0766]

[0767] in,

[0768] R 1 Each of them independently possesses the characteristics of Equation IIA for R. 21 One of the meanings indicated, and

[0769] w and x each represent 1 to 6 independently.

[0770] Particularly preferred are LC media containing at least one compound of formula VII-9.

[0771] LC media, comprising one or more substances containing tetrahydronaphthyl or naphthyl units, such as compounds of formulas N-1 to N-5.

[0772]

[0773] Where R 61 and R 62 Each independently possesses the above-mentioned characteristics for R. 21 The meaning of the above preferably refers to a straight-chain alkyl, a straight-chain alkoxy, or a straight-chain alkenyl group, and

[0774] Z 61 and Z 62 Each of these can be represented independently as -C2H4-, -CH=CH-, -(CH2)4-, -(CH2)3O-, -O(CH2)3-, -CH=CHCH2CH2-, -CH2CH2CH=CH-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2-, or a single bond.

[0775] c) An LC medium comprising one or more compounds selected from those of formula BC difluorodibenzo-p-chromium, formula CR chromium, and formulas PH-1 and PH-2 fluorophenanthrene compounds.

[0776]

[0777] in

[0778] R 71 and R 72 Each has its own R independently 21 Meaning, where c is 0, 1, or 2. R 71 and R 72 Preferably, alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1-6 carbon atoms are represented independently of each other.

[0779] The LC medium of the present invention preferably contains compounds of formula BC, CR, PH-1, and PH-2 in an amount of 3-20 wt%, particularly in an amount of 3-15 wt%.

[0780] Particularly preferred compounds of formulas BC and CR are compounds BC-1 to BC-7 and CR-1 to CR-5.

[0781]

[0782]

[0783]

[0784] in

[0785] alkyl and alky Each independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and

[0786] alkenyl, and

[0787] alkeny Each of them independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2-6 C atoms.

[0788] It is particularly preferred that the LC medium contains one, two or three compounds of the form BC-2, BF-1 and / or BF-2.

[0789] d) An LC medium containing one or more Ininium compounds.

[0790]

[0791] in

[0792] R 81 , R 82 ,

[0793] R 83 Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, or alkenyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

[0794] R82 and R 83 It can also represent halogen, preferably F.

[0795] express

[0796]

[0797] i represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0798] Preferred In compounds are those of formulas In-1 to In-16 as described below:

[0799]

[0800]

[0801]

[0802] Compounds of formulas In-1, In-2, In-3 and In-4 are particularly preferred.

[0803] Compounds of formula In and sub-formulas In-1 to In-16 are preferably used in the LC media of the present invention at a concentration of ≥5 wt%, particularly 5-30 wt% and very particularly preferably 5-25 wt%.

[0804] e) An LC medium comprising one or more compounds of formulas L-1 to L-8,

[0805]

[0806]

[0807] in

[0808] R, R 1 and R 2 Each of them independently possesses the above-mentioned characteristics for R in Equation IIA. 21 The meanings are as follows: alkyl indicates an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms. The parameter s indicates 1 or 2.

[0809] Compounds of formulas L-1 to L-8 are preferably used at a concentration of 5-15 wt%, particularly 5-12 wt%, and very particularly preferably 8-10 wt%.

[0810] f) Preferred LC media additionally contain one or more compounds of formula IIA-Y.

[0811]

[0812] Where R 11 and R 12Having the above for R in Equation IIA 21 One of the given meanings, and L 1 and L 2 F or Cl can be represented in the same or different ways.

[0813] Preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0814]

[0815]

[0816] Among them, Alkyl and Alky Each of these terms independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms; Alkoxy represents a straight-chain alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms; Alkenyl and Alkeny... Each of these characters independently represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2-6 carbon atoms, and O represents an oxygen atom or a single bond. Alkenyl and Alkeny The preferred representations are CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH-, or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0817] The particularly preferred compounds of formula IIA-Y are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0818]

[0819] Alkoxy and Alkox It has the meaning defined above and preferably represents methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy or n-pentoxy.

[0820] g) An LC medium comprising one or more tetraphenyl compounds selected from the following formula:

[0821]

[0822] in

[0823] R Q It is an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or alkoxyalkyl group having 1-9 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2-9 carbon atoms, all of which may optionally be fluorinated.

[0824] X Q It is F, Cl, a haloalkyl or alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms, or a haloalkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2-6 carbon atoms.

[0825] L Q1 -L Q6 Each is independently H or F, where L Q1 -L Q6 At least one of them is F.

[0826] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein R Q Those that represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 2-6 C- atoms are very preferred, with ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl being the most preferred.

[0827] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein L Q3 and L Q4 Those that are F. A further preferred formula Q compound is one in which L... Q3 L Q4 and L Q1 and L Q2 Those whose one or two are F.

[0828] The preferred compound of formula Q is wherein X Q For those representing F or OCF3, F is highly preferred.

[0829] Compound Q is preferably selected from the following sub-formulas

[0830]

[0831] Where R Q It has one of the meanings of formula Q or one of its preferred meanings given in the context, and preferably ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl.

[0832] The preferred compound is of formula Q1, especially R. Q Those that are n-propyl.

[0833] Preferably, the proportion of compound Q in the LC medium is >0 to ≤5 wt%, very preferably 0.05-2 wt%, more preferably 0.1-1 wt%, and most preferably 0.1-0.8 wt%.

[0834] The preferred LC medium contains 1-5 compounds, preferably 1 or 2 compounds of formula Q.

[0835] Adding a Q-type tetraphenyl compound to a polymerizable LC mixture can reduce ODF inhomogeneity while maintaining high UV absorption, enabling rapid and complete polymerization, producing a strong and fast tilt angle, and improving the UV stability of the LC medium.

[0836] Furthermore, adding a Q-type compound with positive dielectric anisotropy to an LC dielectric with negative dielectric anisotropy allows for better control of the dielectric constant ε. ‖ and ε ⊥ The value of ε can be achieved, especially high dielectric constant ε.‖ The value of is adjusted, and the dielectric anisotropy Δε is kept constant, thereby reducing the recoil voltage and reducing image stickiness.

[0837] The LC medium according to the present invention preferably comprises

[0838] - One or more compounds of formula II or its sub-formulas, preferably formula IIA and / or IIB, wherein the total concentration is preferably in the range of 30% to 65%, more preferably 35% to 60%, and particularly preferably 40% to 55%.

[0839] and / or

[0840] - One or more Formula IV compounds, wherein the total concentration is preferably in the range of 35% to 60%, more preferably 40% to 55%, and particularly preferably 45% to 50%.

[0841] and / or

[0842] - One or more compounds of formula III, preferably formula III-2, very preferably formula III-2-1 and / or III-10-2, wherein the total concentration is preferably in the range of 2% to 25%, very preferably 4% to 15%.

[0843] and / or

[0844] - One or more compounds of formula V or its sub-formulas, preferably formula V-9, wherein the total concentration is preferably in the range of 0.1% to 30%, more preferably 0.25% to 25%, and particularly preferably 0.5% to 20%.

[0845] Specifically, LC media contain

[0846] - One or more compounds CY-n-Om, particularly CY-3-O4, CY-5-O4 and / or CY-3-O2, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 5% to 30%, more preferably from 10% to 20%, based on the entire mixture.

[0847] - One or more compounds PY-n-Om, particularly PY-1-O2, PY-2-O2 and / or PY-3-O2, wherein the total concentration is preferably in the range of 5% to 40%, more preferably 10% to 30%, based on the entire mixture.

[0848] and / or

[0849] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om, particularly CPY-2-O2, CPY-3-O2 and / or CPY-5-O2, preferably at a concentration >5%, particularly 7% to 20%, based on the entire mixture.

[0850] and / or

[0851] - One or more compounds CCY-n-Om, preferably CCY-4-O2, CCY-3-O2, CCY-3-O3, CCY-3-O1 and / or CCY-5-O2, wherein the concentration is preferably >3%, particularly 5% to 15%, based on the entire mixture.

[0852] and / or

[0853] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om and CY-n-Om, preferably at a concentration of 10% to 80% based on the entire mixture.

[0854] and / or

[0855] - One or more compounds CPY-n-Om and PY-n-Om, preferably CPY-2-O2 and / or CPY-3-O2 with PY-3-O2 or PY-1-O2, wherein the concentration is preferably 5% to 20%, more preferably 10% to 15%, based on the entire mixture.

[0856] and / or

[0857] - Y-nO-Om, CCY-n-Om, LY-n-Om and / or CLY-n-Om, especially Y-4O-O4, CCY-3-O1, CCY-3-O2, CCY-3-O3, CLY-2-O4, CLY-3-O2, CLY-3-O3, CLY-4-O2 and / or CLY-5-O2, the total concentration of which is preferably in the range of 30% to 65%, more preferably 35% to 60%, based on the entire mixture.

[0858] and / or

[0859] - One or more compounds CC-nV, particularly CC-3-V, preferably in a total concentration ranging from 20% to 60%, more preferably from 25% to 50%, and very preferably from 35% to 45%.

[0860] and / or

[0861] - One or more compounds selected from CCH-13, CCH-23, CCH-34, CCH-35, CCH-301, and CCH-303, wherein the total concentration is preferably 3% to 40%, more preferably 3% to 25%, based on the entire mixture.

[0862] and / or

[0863] - One or more compounds selected from CC-2-V1, CC-3-V1, CC-3-V2, CC-4-V1, CC-3-V, CC-4-V, and CC-5-V, wherein the total concentration is preferably 3% to 40%, more preferably 5% to 30%, based on the entire mixture.

[0864] and / or

[0865] - One or more compounds CCP-nm and / or CCP-Vn-m and / or CPP-nm, preferably selected from CCP-3-1, CCP-V-1, CCP-V2-1 and CPP-3-2, wherein the total concentration is preferably 4% to 35%, more preferably 5% to 25%, based on the entire mixture.

[0866] and / or

[0867] - One or more compounds CLP-nm and / or CLP-Vn-m, preferably selected from CLP-3-1, CLP-3-2 and CLP-V-1, wherein the total concentration is preferably 1% to 25%, more preferably 2% to 15%, based on the entire mixture.

[0868] and / or

[0869] - One or more compounds selected from PYP-nm, PGIY-n-Om, and PGP-n-2V, wherein the total concentration is preferably 2% to 20%, more preferably 2% to 15%, and most preferably 2% to 10%, based on the entire mixture.

[0870] and / or

[0871] - One or more compounds PP-nm and / or PP-n-nVm, preferably selected from PP-1-3, PP-1-4, PP-1-5, PP-1-2V, and PP-1-2V1, wherein the total concentration is preferably 1% to 15%, more preferably 2% to 10%, based on the entire mixture.

[0872] and / or

[0873] - The compound PPGU-3-F, preferably at a concentration of 0.1% to 3% based on the entire mixture.

[0874] The present invention further relates to an active matrix addressing electro-optic display, characterized in that it contains an LC medium as a dielectric according to claim 1, and wherein the display is a VA, SA-VA, IPS, U-IPS, FFS, UB-FFS, SA-FFS, PS-VA, PS-OCB, PS-IPS, PS-FFS, PS-UB-FFS, PS-posi-VA, PS-TN, polymer-stabilized SA-VA, or polymer-stabilized SA-FFS display.

[0875] Advantageous for the LC medium of the present invention is a nematic phase having a temperature range of ≤-20°C to ≥70°C, particularly preferably ≤-30°C to ≥80°C, and very particularly preferably ≤-40°C to ≥90°C.

[0876] The medium of the present invention has a clearing temperature of 70°C or higher, preferably 74°C or higher.

[0877] The phrase "possessing a nematic phase" here means, on the one hand, that no smectic phase or crystallization was observed at the corresponding temperature at low temperatures, and on the other hand, that the nematic phase did not become clear upon heating. Low-temperature studies were conducted in a flow viscometer at the corresponding temperature and verified by storing the medium in a test chamber with a layer thickness corresponding to the electro-optic application for at least 100 hours. If the storage stability in the corresponding test chamber at -20°C is 1000 hours or more, the medium is said to be stable at that temperature. At -30°C and -40°C, the corresponding times are 500 hours and 250 hours, respectively. At high temperatures, the clearing point is measured in a capillary using conventional methods.

[0878] The liquid crystal mixture preferably has a nematic phase range of at least 60 K and a maximum thickness of 30 mm at 20 °C. 2 ·s -1 Flow viscosity ν 20 .

[0879] The mixture is nematic at -20°C or lower, preferably -30°C or lower, and very preferably -40°C or lower.

[0880] The birefringence Δn value in the liquid crystal mixture is typically 0.07-0.16, preferably 0.08-0.15, and most preferably 0.09-0.14.

[0881] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the birefringence of the medium is 0.090-0.110, preferably 0.095-0.105, and particularly 0.100-0.105.

[0882] In another preferred embodiment, the medium of the present invention has a birefringence of 0.120 or higher, preferably 0.125-0.145, more preferably 0.130-0.140.

[0883] The liquid crystal mixture of the present invention has a dielectric anisotropy Δε of -1.5 to -8.0, preferably -2.0 to -4.0, and particularly -2.5 to -3.5.

[0884] The rotational viscosity γ1 at 20°C is preferably ≤120 mPa. s, especially ≤ 100 mPa s.

[0885] In a preferred embodiment, the rotational viscosity γ1 at 20°C is ≤100 mPa. s, especially ≤95 mPa·s.

[0886] The liquid crystal media of the present invention have relatively low threshold voltages (V0). They are preferably from 1.7 V to 3.0 V, particularly preferably ≤2.7 V and very particularly preferably ≤2.5 V.

[0887] For the purposes of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly stated, the term “threshold voltage” refers to the capacitive threshold (V0), also known as the Freedericks threshold.

[0888] Furthermore, the liquid crystal medium of the present invention has a high voltage retention rate in the liquid crystal cell.

[0889] Typically, liquid crystal media with low addressing voltage or threshold voltage exhibit lower voltage retention than those with higher addressing voltage or threshold voltage, and vice versa.

[0890] For the purposes of this invention, the term "dielectrically positive compound" refers to a compound having Δε > 1.5, the term "dielectrically neutral compound" refers to those having -1.5 ≤ Δε ≤ 1.5, and the term "dielectrically negative compound" refers to those having Δε < -1.5. Here, the dielectric anisotropy of the compound is determined by dissolving 10% of the compound in an LC body in at least one test cell and measuring the capacitance of the resulting mixture. In each case, the test cell has a layer thickness of 20 μm and has vertical and surface alignment at 1 kHz. The measurement voltage is typically 0.5 V–1.0 V, but is always below the capacitance threshold of each liquid crystal mixture studied.

[0891] All temperature values ​​described in this invention are in °C.

[0892] The LC dielectrics of this invention are suitable for all VA-TFT (vertically aligned thin-film transistor) applications, such as VAN (vertically aligned nematic), MVA (multi-domain VA), (S)-PVA (super-patterned VA), ASV (advanced super-view or axisymmetric VA), PSA (polymer-stabilized VA), and PS-VA (polymer-stabilized VA). Furthermore, they are also suitable for IPS (in-plane switching) and FFS (edge-field switching) applications with negative Δε.

[0893] The nematic LC medium in the display of the present invention typically comprises two components, A and B, which are themselves composed of one or more separate compounds.

[0894] Component A exhibits significant negative dielectric anisotropy, and makes the dielectric anisotropy of the nematic phase ≤-0.5. In addition to one or more compounds of formula I, it preferably comprises compounds of formula IIA, IIB, and / or IIC, and one or more compounds of formula IV-1.

[0895] The proportion of component A is preferably 45-100%, especially 60-85%.

[0896] For component A, it is preferable to select one or more individual compounds with a Δε value of ≤-0.8. The smaller the proportion of A in the entire mixture, the more negative this value will be.

[0897] Component B exhibits significant nematogeneity, and its flow viscosity at 20°C is no greater than 30 mm. 2 s -1 Preferably no larger than 25 mm 2 s -1 .

[0898] Those skilled in the art are aware of a variety of suitable materials from the literature.

[0899] A particularly preferred single compound in component B is a nematic liquid crystal with extremely low viscosity, having a flow viscosity of no more than 18 mm at 20°C. 2 · s -1 Preferably no larger than 12 mm 2 · s -1 .

[0900] Component B is a monotropically or enantiotropically nematic, lacks a smectic phase, and can prevent the formation of a smectic phase in the LC medium at very low temperatures. For example, if various highly nematic materials are added to a smectic liquid crystal mixture, the nematic states of these materials can be compared by suppressing the degree to which a smectic phase is formed.

[0901] The mixture may also optionally contain component C, which comprises a compound having a dielectric anisotropy of Δε ≥ 1.5. These so-called positive compounds are typically present in the mixture of negative dielectric anisotropy in an amount of ≤ 20 wt%, based on the whole mixture.

[0902] In addition to polymerizable compounds, the medium preferably contains 4-15, particularly 5-12, and especially preferably <10 compounds of formula IIA, IIB and / or IIC, and optionally one or more compounds of formula IV-1 and / or III-2.

[0903] In addition to polymerizable compounds and compounds of formula II and optional III and optional IV, other components may also be present in an amount of up to 45% of the total mixture, but preferably up to 35%, and particularly up to 10%.

[0904] Other components are preferably selected from nematogenic substances, particularly from known substances of the following classes: azobenzene, benzenemethylaniline, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenyl benzoate or cyclohexyl benzoate, phenyl cyclohexanecarboxylate or cyclohexanecarboxylate, phenylcyclohexane, cyclohexylbiphenyl, cyclohexylcyclohexane, cyclohexylnaphthalene, 1,4-bicyclohexylbiphenyl or cyclohexylpyrimidine, phenyl dioxane or cyclohexyldioxane, optionally halogenated stilbene, benzylphenyl ether, diphenylacetylene, and substituted cinnamates.

[0905] The most important compound suitable as a component of this type of liquid crystal phase can be characterized by the following formula R.

[0906] R R1 LGER R2 R

[0907] Where L and E each refer to carbocyclic or heterocyclic systems derived from the following groups: 1,4-disubstituted benzene rings and cyclohexane rings; 4,4'-disubstituted biphenyl, phenylcyclohexane, and cyclohexylcyclohexane systems; 2,5-disubstituted pyrimidine and 1,3-dioxane rings; 2,6-disubstituted naphthalene, dihydronaphthalene, and tetrahydronaphthalene; quinazoline and tetrahydroquinazoline.

[0908] G represents -CH=CH- -N(O)=N-

[0909] -CH=CQ- -CH=N(O)-

[0910] -C C- -CH2-CH2-

[0911] -CO-O- -CH2-O-

[0912] -CO-S- -CH2-S-

[0913] -CH=N- -COO-Phe-COO-

[0914] -CF2O- -CF=CF-

[0915] -OCF2- -OCH2-

[0916] -(CH2)4- -(CH2)3O-

[0917] Or a CC single bond, Q refers to halogen, preferably chlorine or -CN, and R R1 and R R2Each refers to an alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl or alkoxycarbonyl group having up to 18, preferably up to 8, carbon atoms, or one of these groups refers to CN, NC, NO2, NCS, CF3, SF5, OCF3, F, Cl or Br.

[0918] In most of these compounds, R R1 and R R2 These substances differ from one another; one of these groups is typically alkyl or alkoxy. Other variations of the proposed substituents are also common. Many such substances, or mixtures thereof, are commercially available. All of these substances can be prepared by methods known from the literature.

[0919] It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art that the LC medium according to the present invention may also contain compounds in which, for example, H, N, O, Cl and F are substituted with corresponding isotopes.

[0920] The combination of the compounds of the preferred embodiments mentioned above with the aforementioned polymeric compounds results in a low threshold voltage, low rotational viscosity, and very good low-temperature stability in the LC medium of the present invention, while maintaining high-definition bright spots and high HR values, and allowing for the rapid establishment of particularly low tilt angles (i.e., large tilt angles) in PSA displays. In particular, compared with LC media from the prior art, this LC medium exhibits a significantly shorter response time in PSA displays, especially grayscale response time.

[0921] The LC medium of this invention may also contain other additives known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as polymerization initiators, inhibitors, stabilizers, surfactants, or chiral dopants. These may be polymerizable or non-polymerizable. Polymerizable additives are correspondingly classified as polymerizable components or component A). Correspondingly, non-polymerizable additives are classified as non-polymerizable components or component B.

[0922] In addition, 0 to 15% by weight of a pleochroic dye, nanoparticles, conductive salts, preferably ammonium ethyl dimethyl dodecyl 4-hexyloxybenzoate, ammonium tetrabutyltetraphenylborate, or complex salts of crown ethers can be added to the LC medium (see, for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst.). 24 , 249-258 (1973)) are used to improve conductivity, or to add substances to modify the dielectric anisotropy, viscosity and / or orientation of the nematic phase. Such substances are described, for example, in DE-A 22 09 127, 22 40864, ​​23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50 088, 26 37 430 and 28 53 728.

[0923] The individual components of the preferred embodiments of the LC media listed above according to the invention are known, or the methods for preparing them can be obtained from the prior art by those skilled in the art, as they are based on standard methods described in the literature. For example, corresponding compounds of formula CY are described in EP-A-0 364 538. For example, corresponding compounds of formula ZK are described in DE-A-26 36 684 and DE-A-33 21 373.

[0924] The LC media used according to the invention can be prepared by conventional methods, for example by mixing one or more of the compounds mentioned above with one or more polymerizable compounds as defined above, and optionally with other liquid crystal compounds and / or additives. Typically, a desired amount of the component used in a small quantity is dissolved in the component constituting the main component, which is advantageously carried out at elevated temperatures. The solution of the components can also be mixed in an organic solvent such as acetone, chloroform, or methanol, and the solvent is removed again, for example by distillation after thorough mixing. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the LC media according to the invention.

[0925] It will be self-evident to those skilled in the art that the LC medium according to the present invention may also contain, for example, compounds in which H, N, O, Cl, and F are replaced by corresponding isotopes such as deuterium.

[0926] The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it. However, they demonstrate to those skilled in the art the preferred mixture concept, the preferred compounds used and their respective concentrations, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the examples clarify which properties and combinations of properties are available.

[0927] For the purposes of this invention and in the following embodiments, the structures of the liquid crystal compounds are indicated by abbreviations, which, unless otherwise stated, are converted to chemical formulas according to Tables A.1 to A.3 below. All groups C n H 2n+1 C m H 2m+1 and C l H 2l+1 Or C n H 2n C m H 2m and C l H 2lThe groups are straight-chain alkyl or alkylene groups, each having n, m, and l C atoms in various cases. Preferably, n, m, and l are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7. Table A.1 shows the codes for the ring elements of the compound core, Table A.2 lists the bridging units, and Table A.3 lists the symbol meanings of the left-hand and right-hand end groups of the molecule. The abbreviation consists of the code of the ring element with an optional connecting group, followed by a first hyphen and the code of the left-hand end group, and a second hyphen and the code of the right-hand end group.

[0928] Table A.1 Ring Elements

[0929]

[0930]

[0931]

[0932] Table A.2 Bridging Units

[0933]

[0934] Table A.3 End groups

[0935]

[0936]

[0937] Where n and m are integers, and the three dots "..." are placeholders for other abbreviations from the table.

[0938] Table B shows the illustrative structures of the compounds and their corresponding abbreviations.

[0939] Table B

[0940] In Table B, n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1-9, more preferably 1-7. k and l can also be 0, preferably 0-4, or 0 or 2, most preferably 2. n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, or in the combination "-nO-", n is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, very preferably 2 or 4. m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, or in the combination "-Om", m is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-nVm" is preferably "2V1". (O)C m H 2m+1 It refers to C m H 2m+1 or OC m H 2m+1 .

[0941]

[0942]

[0943]

[0944]

[0945]

[0946]

[0947]

[0948]

[0949]

[0950]

[0951]

[0952]

[0953]

[0954]

[0955]

[0956]

[0957]

[0958]

[0959]

[0960]

[0961] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the compounds in Table B.

[0962] Table C

[0963] Table C shows possible chiral dopants that can be added to the LC media of the present invention.

[0964]

[0965]

[0966] The LC dielectric preferably contains 0-10% by weight, particularly 0.01-5% by weight, and especially preferably 0.1-3% by weight of dopant. The LC dielectric preferably contains one or more dopants selected from the compounds in Table C.

[0967] Table D

[0968] Table D shows possible stabilizers that can be added to the LC media according to the invention. Here, n represents an integer from 1 to 12, preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8, and the terminal methyl group is not shown.

[0969]

[0970]

[0971]

[0972]

[0973]

[0974]

[0975]

[0976] The LC medium preferably contains 0-10% by weight, particularly 1 ppm to 5% by weight, and especially preferably 1 ppm to 1% by weight of a stabilizer. The LC medium preferably contains one or more stabilizers selected from the compounds in Table D.

[0977] Table E

[0978] Table E shows exemplary reactive mesocrystalline compounds that can be used in LC media according to the present invention.

[0979]

[0980]

[0981]

[0982]

[0983]

[0984]

[0985]

[0986]

[0987]

[0988]

[0989]

[0990]

[0991]

[0992]

[0993]

[0994]

[0995]

[0996]

[0997]

[0998] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from polymerizable compounds of formula RM-1 to RM-182. Among these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM-109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM-145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170, and RM-171 to RM-183 are particularly preferred.

[0999] Table F

[1000] Table F shows self-aligning additives for vertical alignment, which can be used together with polymerizable compounds in the LC media of SA-VA and SA-FFS displays according to the present invention:

[1001]

[1002]

[1003]

[1004]

[1005]

[1006]

[1007]

[1008]

[1009]

[1010]

[1011]

[1012]

[1013] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium of the SA-VA and SA-FFS displays according to the present invention comprises one or more SA additives selected from SA-1 to SA-48 (preferably selected from SA-14 to SA-48, very preferably SA-20 to SA-34 and SA-44) and one or more RMs.

[1014] Example

[1015] The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it. However, they demonstrate to those skilled in the art the concept of preferred mixtures and the preferred compounds used, their corresponding concentrations, and combinations thereof. Furthermore, the examples illustrate the available properties and combinations of properties.

[1016] In addition, the following abbreviations and symbols were used:

[1017]

[1018]

[1019] LTS indicates the low-temperature stability of the phase, determined in a test kit.

[1020] VHR stands for Voltage Hold-up.

[1021] Unless otherwise expressly stated, all concentrations in this application are given as weight percentages and refer to the entire mixture in question, which contains all solid or liquid crystal components (without solvent).

[1022] Unless otherwise stated, all temperature values ​​indicated in this application, such as melting point T(C,N), transformation from smectic (S) to nematic (N) T(S,N), and clearing point T(N,I), are expressed in degrees Celsius (°C). Mp represents the melting point, and cl.p. = clearing point. Furthermore, C = liquid crystal phase, N = nematic phase, S = smectic phase, and I = isotropic phase. The data between these symbols represent the transformation temperature.

[1023] All physical properties are and have been determined according to “Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals” Status November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and are applicable to a temperature of 20°C, with Δn measured at 589 nm and Δε measured at 1 kHz, unless otherwise explicitly stated in each case.

[1024] The term "threshold voltage" used in this invention refers to the capacitive threshold (V0), which is also known as the Freedericks threshold, unless otherwise stated. In embodiments, the optical threshold is also, as is generally the case, for 10% relative contrast (V0). 10 (This is given.)

[1025] Unless otherwise stated, the method of polymerizing polymerizable compounds in a PSA display as described in the context, wherein the LC medium is in the form of a liquid crystal phase, preferably a nematic phase, is carried out at a temperature, and most preferably at room temperature.

[1026] Unless otherwise stated, the preparation of test kits and the measurement of their electro-optic and other properties shall be carried out by the methods described below or similar methods.

[1027] Displays used to measure capacitive threshold voltages typically consist of two planar parallel glass outer plates spaced 25 μm apart. Each outer plate has an electrode layer on its inner side and an unrubbed polyimide alignment layer on its top, which results in vertical edge alignment of the liquid crystal molecules.

[1028] A PSVA display or PSVA test chamber used for measuring tilt angles typically consists of two planar parallel glass outer plates spaced approximately 4 μm apart. Unless otherwise specified, each of these outer plates has an electrode layer on its inner side and a polyimide alignment layer on top, wherein the two polyimide layers rub against each other antiparallel, resulting in vertical edge alignment of the liquid crystal molecules. A SAVA display or test chamber has the same structure, but one or both polyimide layers are omitted.

[1029] Polymerizable compounds are typically polymerized in a display or test chamber by irradiating the display with UV light of a defined intensity for a predetermined time while simultaneously applying a voltage (typically 10V-30V AC, 1 kHz) to the display.

[1030] Intensity was measured using a standard instrument (the high end of the Hoenle UV meter with a UV sensor).

[1031] The tilt angle is typically determined using Axometrics' Mueller Matrix Polarimeter "AxoScan". Smaller values ​​(i.e., larger deviations relative to a 90° angle) correspond to larger tilts in this case.

[1032] Unless otherwise stated, the term "tilt angle" means the angle between the LC director and the substrate, and "LC director" means the preferred orientation of the optical principal axis of the LC molecules in a layer of LC molecules with uniform orientation, corresponding to the long axis of the molecules in the case of rod-shaped, uniaxial positive birefringent LC molecules.

[1033] Example 1

[1034] For polymerizable compounds IA1, IB5, and IC41 used in the PSA display according to the present invention, and for the prior art polymerizable reference compound R1, the absorption wavelength λ at an extinction coefficient E=0.5 was measured in DCM solution at a concentration of 3 g / L. The results are shown in Table 1.1.

[1035] Table 1.1 - UV Absorption

[1036]

[1037]

[1038] As can be seen from Table 1.1, compounds IA1 and IC41 have absorption wavelengths significantly higher than those of compound R1 and compound IB5. Therefore, compounds IA and IC41 are suitable for UV photopolymerization at longer wavelengths (e.g., using UV B-type lamps) and can be used as doping RMs (or second RMs) in LC media and PSA displays according to the present invention, while compound IB5 has a lower absorption wavelength and can be used as a primary RM (or first RM).

[1039] This allows the use of UV B-type lamps in the UV2 step, thereby reducing the risk of reliability degradation and image sticking.

[1040] polymerizable mixtures

[1041] The nematic LC bulk mixture N1 is prepared as follows:

[1042]

[1043] The polymerizable mixtures P11 and P12 according to the present invention are prepared by adding 5% by weight of compound IB5 as the main RM and compound IA1 or IC41 as the dopant RM to the LC main mixture N1.

[1044] For comparative purposes, reference polymerizable mixture PC11 was prepared by adding compound R1 to nematic LC host mixture N1, and reference polymerizable mixture PC12 was prepared by adding compound IB5 to nematic LC host mixture N1, with the addition amounts being small amounts of 0.3% and 0.4%, respectively.

[1045] The composition of the polymerizable mixtures is shown in Table 1.2.

[1046] Table 1.2 – Composition of polymerizable mixtures

[1047]

[1048] An electro-optic VA test chamber containing a polymerizable mixture on an AF glass substrate is exposed to UV light in a two-step process. The first step (UV1) is used to generate a tilt angle, and the second step (UV2) is used to polymerize any residual monomers that were not polymerized in the first step. A voltage is applied in the UV1 step (in 0.1V steps and cured at DC 15V), while no voltage is applied in the UV2 step. A fluorescent UV C-type lamp with a 313nm cutoff filter, or a UV B-type lamp, or a UV-LED lamp emitting a wavelength of 365nm is used as the radiation source. For example, a 365nm UV-LED lamp can be advantageously used to avoid polymerization of the main RM. UV intensity is checked by a UV detector. Unless otherwise specified, other conditions are as follows:

[1049] UV1 (UV-LED lamp): 5 mW / cm² at room temperature, 10-300 seconds.

[1050] UV2 (Type C lamp): 0.5 mW / cm² at room temperature, 10-60 minutes, or

[1051] UV2 (Type B lamp): 1.8 mW / cm² at room temperature, 30-120 minutes.

[1052] After the UV1 step described above, a tilt angle is generated in the test box.

[1053] Voltage holding rate (VHR)

[1054] For VHR measurements, a polymerizable LC medium is filled into the test chamber, and monomers are polymerized under the conditions described above. VHR is measured before and after exposure to the UV B-type or UV C-type lamps used in the PSA process described above, with a voltage of 1V / 0.6 Hz applied at 60°C.

[1055] Optical stress typically leads to a decrease in VHR in LC mixtures; therefore, the smaller the absolute decrease in VHR value after stress, the better the performance of the application.

[1056] The results are shown in Table 1.3.

[1057] Table 1.3 – VHR

[1058]

[1059] It can be seen that, according to the present invention, the polymerizable mixture P11, despite having a higher RM content, unexpectedly exhibits a higher VHR value than the reference mixtures PC11 and PC12 after prolonged UV stress.

[1060] Residual RM

[1061] The residual content of unpolymerized monomers (RM) in the mixture was determined (in ppm) after UV photopolymerization. Lower residual monomer content after a given time interval indicates faster polymerization. For this purpose, the polymerizable mixture was filled into a test chamber and subjected to a UV photopolymerization at room temperature using an intensity of 0.5 mW / cm². 2 Fluorescent UV C-type lamps or lamps with an intensity of 1.8 mW / cm² 2 Polymerization was carried out by UV exposure to a UV B-type lamp at different time intervals. The UV intensity was checked using a UV detector with a 313 nm wavelength. After a certain time interval of photopolymerization, the test chamber was opened, the mixture was dissolved, and rinsed out of the test chamber with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC).

[1062] The results are shown in Table 1.4.

[1063] Table 1.4 – Residual RM

[1064]

[1065] nd = undetectable

[1066] It can be seen that, in the polymerizable mixture P11 according to the present invention, although the initial amount of RM is higher, surprisingly, the polymerization proceeds faster and more completely compared with the reference mixtures PC11 and PC12, and there is virtually no residual RM after 1 hour.

[1067] transmittance

[1068] For the transmission versus voltage (VT curve) measurement, a polymerizable LC mixture was filled into a PSA test cell, and monomers were polymerized under the conditions described above. The transmittance of the PSA test cell was measured using an Otsuka LCD-5200 with voltage increments of 0.1 V between the cross polarizers.

[1069] Figure 1 The VT curves of PSA test kits prepared from mixtures PC11, P11, and P12 were plotted. It can be seen that the PSA test kits containing mixtures P11 or P12 according to the present invention exhibit flatter curves than the PSA test kits containing the reference mixture PC11. This allows for better control of grayscale.

[1070] Response time

[1071] For response time measurement, a polymerizable LC mixture was filled into a PSA test cell, and monomers were polymerized under the conditions described above. The response time of the PSA test cell was measured using an Otsuka LCD-5200 between cross-polarizers while a square wave voltage was applied. The time it takes for transmittance to change from 10% to 90% is defined as the rise time or T0. on The time it takes for transmittance to change from 90% to 10% is defined as the fall time or T. off .

[1072] In the PSA test cell prepared by the mixtures P11 and P12 according to the present invention, the higher concentration of RM leads to the formation of a polymer network in the LC medium. Therefore, a higher driving voltage is required compared to the PSA test cell prepared by the mixtures PC11 and PC12, where the lower RM concentration only results in polymer formation on the substrate. Thus, the response times of different test cells are determined at similar transmittance.

[1073] The results are shown in Table 1.5.

[1074] Table 1.5 – Response Time

[1075]

[1076] It can be seen that the test kit using the polymerizable mixtures P11 and P12 according to the present invention exhibits a significantly faster response time than the test kit using the reference mixtures PC11 and PC12. In particular, T off Time can be reduced by 30%.

[1077] In summary, the above results demonstrate that, compared to PSA test cells containing polymerizable reference LC media PC11 (containing RM R1) or polymerizable reference LC media (containing RM IB5), which are typically present in low amounts of 0.3% or 0.4% as used in conventional PSA displays, the enhanced PSA test cell using the polymerizable LC media according to the invention (containing a high amount of main RM IB5 and a low amount of doped RM IA1 or IC41) exhibits significant improvements, such as faster response time, higher VHR after UV stress, and lower residual monomer content, while still allowing for good tilt angle generation.

[1078] Example 2

[1079] The nematic LC bulk mixture N2 is prepared as follows:

[1080]

[1081] The polymerizable mixture P21 according to the present invention is prepared by adding 5% by weight of compound IB5 as the main RM and compound IA1 as the dopant RM to the LC main mixture N2.

[1082] For comparison, a reference polymerizable mixture PC21 was prepared by adding a small amount of 0.4% of compound IB5 to the LC host mixture N2.

[1083] The composition of the polymerizable mixtures is shown in Table 2.1.

[1084] Table 2.1 - Composition of polymerizable mixtures

[1085]

[1086] transmittance

[1087] The transmittance versus voltage (VT curve) of PSA test cells prepared from mixtures PC21 or P21 were measured as described in Example 1.

[1088] The VT curve is shown in Figure 2 As can be seen, the PSA test kit containing mixture P21 according to the present invention exhibits a flatter curve than the PSA test kit containing reference mixture PC21. This allows for better control of grayscale.

[1089] Response time

[1090] The response time of the PSA test kits prepared from mixtures PC21 or P21, respectively, was measured as described in Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.2.

[1091] Table 2.2 – Response Time

[1092]

[1093] It can be seen that the test kit using the polymerizable mixture P21 according to the present invention exhibits a significantly faster response time than the test kit using the reference mixture PC21. on and T off Time can be reduced by 20-25%.

[1094] Example 3

[1095] The nematic LC bulk mixture N3 is prepared as follows:

[1096]

[1097]

[1098] The polymerizable mixture P3 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IA1 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N1.

[1099]

[1100] Example 4

[1101] The nematic LC bulk mixture N4 is prepared as follows:

[1102]

[1103] The polymerizable mixture P4 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 0.6% of SA additive SA23 to the nematic LC host mixture N4.

[1104]

[1105] Example 5

[1106] Nematic LC bulk mixture N5 is prepared as follows

[1107]

[1108] The polymerizable mixture P5 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB5, 0.05% of compound IA1 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N5.

[1109] Example 6

[1110] Nematic LC bulk mixture N6 is prepared as follows

[1111]

[1112] The polymerizable mixture P6 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB6 and 0.05% of compound IA1 to the nematic LC host mixture N6.

[1113]

[1114] Example 7

[1115] Nematic LC bulk mixture N7 is prepared as follows

[1116]

[1117]

[1118] The polymerizable mixture P7 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB1, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N7.

[1119]

[1120] Example 8

[1121] Nematic LC bulk mixture N8 is prepared as follows

[1122]

[1123] The polymerizable mixture P11 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IA2 to the nematic LC host mixture N8.

[1124]

[1125] Example 9

[1126] Nematic LC bulk mixture N9 is prepared as follows

[1127]

[1128] The polymerizable mixture P9 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5, 0.03% of compound IC1 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N9.

[1129]

[1130] Example 10

[1131] Nematic LC bulk mixture N10 is prepared as follows

[1132]

[1133] The polymerizable mixture P10 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC40 to the nematic LC host mixture N9.

[1134]

[1135] Example 11

[1136] Nematic LC bulk mixture N11 is prepared as follows

[1137]

[1138] The polymerizable mixture P14 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB5 and 0.05% of compound IC2 to the nematic LC host mixture N11.

[1139]

[1140] Example 12

[1141] Nematic LC bulk mixture N12 is prepared as follows

[1142]

[1143] The polymerizable mixture P12 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB1, 0.03% of compound IA1 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N11.

[1144]

[1145] Example 13

[1146] Nematic LC bulk mixture N13 is prepared as follows

[1147]

[1148] The polymerizable mixture P13 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB6, 0.05% of compound IC1 and 0.6% of SA additive SA32 to the nematic LC host mixture N13.

[1149]

[1150] Example 14

[1151] Nematic LC bulk mixture N14 is prepared as follows

[1152]

[1153]

[1154] The polymerizable mixture P14 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC40 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N14.

[1155] Example 15

[1156] Nematic LC bulk mixture N15 is prepared as follows

[1157]

[1158] The polymerizable mixture P15 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5, 0.03% of compound IA1 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N15.

[1159] Example 16

[1160] Nematic LC bulk mixture N16 is prepared as follows

[1161]

[1162] The polymerizable mixture P16 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 0.5% of SA additive SA-32 to the nematic LC host mixture N16.

[1163] Example 17

[1164] Nematic LC bulk mixture N17 is prepared as follows

[1165]

[1166]

[1167] The polymerizable mixture P17 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IA1 to the nematic LC host mixture N17.

[1168] Example 18

[1169] Nematic LC bulk mixture N18 is prepared as follows

[1170]

[1171] The polymerizable mixture P18 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB1, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N18.

[1172] Example 19

[1173] Nematic LC bulk mixture N19 is prepared as follows

[1174]

[1175] The polymerizable mixture P19 was prepared by adding 4.96% of compound IB6 and 0.04% of compound IC5 to the nematic LC host mixture N19.

[1176]

[1177] Example 20

[1178] Nematic LC bulk mixture N20 is prepared as follows

[1179]

[1180]

[1181] The polymerizable mixture P20 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N20.

[1182] Example 21

[1183] Nematic LC bulk mixture N21 is prepared as follows

[1184]

[1185] The polymerizable mixture P21 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC8 to the nematic LC host mixture N21.

[1186]

[1187] Example 22

[1188] The nematic LC bulk mixture N22 is prepared as follows

[1189]

[1190] The polymerizable mixture P22 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5, 0.03% of compound IC40 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N22.

[1191]

[1192] Example 23

[1193] Nematic LC bulk mixture N23 is prepared as follows

[1194]

[1195] The polymerizable mixture P23 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N23.

[1196] Example 24

[1197] Nematic LC bulk mixture N24 is prepared as follows

[1198]

[1199]

[1200] The polymerizable mixture P24 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC22 to the nematic LC host mixture N24.

[1201]

[1202] Example 25

[1203] Nematic LC bulk mixture N25 is prepared as follows

[1204]

[1205]

[1206] The polymerizable mixture P25 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB6 and 0.025% of compound IC22 to the nematic LC host mixture N25.

[1207] Example 26

[1208] Nematic LC bulk mixture N26 is prepared as follows

[1209]

[1210] The polymerizable mixture P26 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-12 to the nematic LC host mixture N26.

[1211]

[1212] Example 27

[1213] Nematic LC bulk mixture N27 is prepared as follows

[1214]

[1215] The polymerizable mixture P27 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5 and 0.03% of compound IA2 to the nematic LC host mixture N27.

[1216] Example 28

[1217] Nematic LC bulk mixture N28 is prepared as follows

[1218]

[1219] The polymerizable mixture P28 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB1 and 0.025% of compound IC40 to the nematic LC host mixture N28.

[1220] Example 29

[1221] Nematic LC bulk mixture N29 is prepared as follows

[1222]

[1223]

[1224] The polymerizable mixture P29 was prepared by adding 4.98% of compound IB5, 0.02% of compound IC22 and 100 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N29.

[1225] Example 30

[1226] Nematic LC bulk mixture N30 is prepared as follows

[1227]

[1228] The polymerizable mixture P30 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB6, 0.03% of compound IA1 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-9-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N30.

[1229]

[1230] Example 31

[1231] Nematic LC bulk mixture N31 is prepared as follows

[1232]

[1233] The polymerizable mixture P31 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5 and 0.03% of compound IC29 to the nematic LC host mixture N31.

[1234]

[1235] Example 32

[1236] Nematic LC bulk mixture N32 is prepared as follows

[1237]

[1238] The polymerizable mixture P32 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5, 0.03% of compound IC40 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-8-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N32.

[1239] Example 33

[1240] Nematic LC bulk mixture N33 is prepared as follows

[1241]

[1242] The polymerizable mixture P33 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB5, 0.05% of compound IC5 and 0.5% of SA additive SA32 to the nematic LC host mixture N33.

[1243] Example 34

[1244] Nematic LC bulk mixture N34 is prepared as follows

[1245]

[1246]

[1247] The polymerizable mixture P34 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB1, 0.03% of compound IA1 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N34.

[1248] Example 35

[1249] Nematic LC bulk mixture N35 is prepared as follows

[1250]

[1251] The polymerizable mixture P35 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5 and 0.03% of compound IC35 to the nematic LC host mixture N35.

[1252]

[1253] Example 36

[1254] Nematic LC bulk mixture N36 is prepared as follows

[1255]

[1256] The polymerizable mixture P36 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N36.

[1257] Example 37

[1258] Nematic LC bulk mixture N37 is prepared as follows

[1259]

[1260]

[1261] The polymerizable mixture P37 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC35 and 0.6% of SA additive SA23 to the nematic LC host mixture N37.

[1262] Example 38

[1263] Nematic LC bulk mixture N38 is prepared as follows

[1264]

[1265] The polymerizable mixture P38 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB6 and 0.025% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N38.

[1266] Example 39

[1267] Nematic LC bulk mixture N39 is prepared as follows

[1268]

[1269]

[1270] The polymerizable mixture P39 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IA1 and 150 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d to the nematic LC host mixture N39.

[1271]

[1272] Example 40

[1273] Nematic LC bulk mixture N40 is prepared as follows

[1274]

[1275] The polymerizable mixture P40 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5 and 0.03% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N40.

[1276] Example 41

[1277] Nematic LC bulk mixture N41 is prepared as follows

[1278]

[1279] The polymerizable mixture P41 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC35 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N41.

[1280] Example 42

[1281] Nematic LC bulk mixture N42 is prepared as follows

[1282]

[1283] The polymerizable mixture P42 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5 and 0.03% of compound IC29 to the nematic LC host mixture N42.

[1284] Example 43

[1285] Nematic LC bulk mixture N43 is prepared as follows

[1286]

[1287] The polymerizable mixture P43 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB1 and 0.025% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N43.

[1288] Example 44

[1289] Nematic LC bulk mixture N44 is prepared as follows

[1290]

[1291] The polymerizable mixture P44 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB6 and 0.025% of compound IA1 to the nematic LC host mixture N44.

[1292] Example 45

[1293] Nematic LC bulk mixture N45 is prepared as follows

[1294]

[1295] The polymerizable mixture P45 was prepared by adding 4.95% of compound IB5, 0.05% of compound IC5 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-3e to the nematic LC host mixture N45.

[1296]

[1297] Example 46

[1298] Nematic LC bulk mixture N46 is prepared as follows

[1299]

[1300]

[1301] The polymerizable mixture P46 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC22 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N46.

[1302] Example 47

[1303] Nematic LC bulk mixture N47 is prepared as follows

[1304]

[1305] The polymerizable mixture P47 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IC41 and 200 ppm of stabilizer ST-3d to the nematic LC host mixture N47.

[1306] Example 48

[1307] Nematic LC bulk mixture N48 is prepared as follows

[1308]

[1309] The polymerizable mixture P48 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5, 0.025% of compound IA1 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3e to the nematic LC host mixture N48.

[1310] Example 49

[1311] Nematic LC bulk mixture N49 is prepared as follows

[1312]

[1313] The polymerizable mixture P49 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB6, 0.03% of compound IC1 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3b-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N49.

[1314] Example 50

[1315] Nematic LC bulk mixture N50 is prepared as follows

[1316]

[1317] The polymerizable mixture P50 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IC41 to the nematic LC host mixture N50.

[1318] Example 51

[1319] Nematic LC bulk mixture N51 is prepared as follows

[1320]

[1321]

[1322] The polymerizable mixture P51 was prepared by adding 4.97% of compound IB5, 0.03% of compound IC40 and 250 ppm of stabilizer ST-3a-1 to the nematic LC host mixture N51.

[1323] Example 52

[1324] Nematic LC bulk mixture N52 is prepared as follows

[1325]

[1326] The polymerizable mixture P52 was prepared by adding 4.975% of compound IB5 and 0.025% of compound IA1 to the nematic LC host mixture N52.

Claims

1. A PSA-mode LC display, characterized in that, It comprises an LC medium containing 2.5-7%, preferably 3-6%, very preferably 3.5-5.5% of one or more RMs, wherein at least one of these RMs has an absorption edge in a wavelength range of 300-340 nm, preferably 320-340 nm.

2. The LC display according to claim 1, characterized in that, The LC medium comprises a first RM and a second RM, wherein the first RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 320-400 nm, preferably 320-380 nm, and the second RM has an absorption edge at a longer wavelength than the first RM, and preferably the concentration of the second RM is lower than the concentration of the first RM.

3. The LC display according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 300-340nm, preferably 320-340nm, and the second RM has an absorption edge in the wavelength range of 330-400nm, very preferably 330-380nm, and most preferably 340-370nm.

4. The LC display according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The concentration of the first RM is 2.4-6.5% by weight, very preferably 3.5-5.5% by weight, and the concentration of the second RM in the LC medium is 0.01-0.5% by weight, very preferably 0.02-0.1% by weight.

5. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The RM is selected from the following formula: Each group, independently of the others and in the same or different manner each time it appears, has the following meaning: A a A b It is phenylene-1,4-diyl or naphthalene-2,6-diyl, which may optionally be substituted with one or more L groups. Z a Z b The bonds are -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C-, or single bonds, with single bonds being preferred. P is a polymerizable group. Sp is a spacer group optionally substituted with one or more P groups, or a single bond. L is F, Cl, -CN, or a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1-25 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, CR 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、 or The O- and / or S- atoms are substituted in such a way that they are not directly bonded to each other, and one or more H atoms are optionally substituted by P, F, or Cl. R 0 ,R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms. a and b can be 0, 1, or 2, with 0 or 1 being preferred. k is 0 or 1. r1 and r2 can be 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, preferably 0, 1, or 2, and very preferably 0 or 1. r3 can be 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0 or 1.

6. The LC display according to claim 5, characterized in that, Compounds of formula IA are selected from those of formula IAA: P, Sp, L and r1 independently have one of the meanings given in claim 5.

7. The LC display according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, Compounds of formula IC are selected from the following sub-formulas: Wherein, P, Sp, L, r1, r2 and r3 independently have one of the meanings given in claim 5.

8. The LC display according to one or more of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, Compounds of formula IB are selected from the following sub-formulas: Wherein, P, Sp and L have the meanings given in claim 5 or 6, and Sp' has one of the meanings given for Sp that is different from that of a single bond.

9. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula II: Each group is independent of the others and, each time it appears, has the same or different meanings as follows: R 21 and R 22 H, a straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl or alkoxy group having 1-20 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally represented by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, or CR-, such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other. 0 =CR 00 -、-C≡C-、 , , , , or Substitution, wherein one or more H atoms are each optionally substituted by F, Cl, CN, or CF3. R 0 R 00 It is H or an alkyl group having 1-12 carbon atoms. A 1 A 2 Groups selected from the following formulas Z 1 Z 2 For -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, or single bonds. L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 It can be F, Cl, OCF3, CF3, CH3, CH2F, or CHF2. Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3. L C It is CH3 or OCH3. a1 is 0, 1, or 2. a2 is 0 or 1.

10. The LC display according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The LC medium further comprises one or more compounds selected from compounds of formulas IIA, IIB, IIC, IID, and IIE: Each group, when appearing in the same or different manner and independently of the others, has the following meaning: R 21 and R 22 The group is H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein one or more of these groups are CH2 groups such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other in a manner that allows them to be -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -OC-O-, -O-CO-, , , , , Replacement L 1 To L 4 It can be F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2. Y is H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, or CH3. Z 1 Z 2 For single bonds, -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O-, p is 0, 1, or 2, and q is 0 or 1.

11. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula III: Each group, independently of the others and in the same or different manner each time it appears, has the following meaning: R 31 R 32 The group is H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted or monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, and wherein one or more of these groups are CH2 groups such that the O- and / or S- atoms are not directly connected to each other by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, Replacement A 3 a) 1,4-cyclohexeneyl or 1,4-cyclohexeneyl, wherein one or both non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O- or -S-. b) 1,4-Phenylidene, wherein one or both CH groups may be replaced by N, or c) A group selected from spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, phenanthrene-2,7-diyl, and fluorene-2,7-diyl. Groups a), b), and c) can be mono- or poly-substituted with halogen atoms. n is 0, 1, or 2. Z 1 For -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CH2-, -CH2CH2-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-CH2O-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C- or single bonds, L 11 L 12 It can be F, Cl, CF3 or CHF2. W is either O or S. Y 1 Y 2 It can be H, F, Cl, CF3, CHF2, CH3 or OCH3.

12. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula IV: in R 41 This indicates an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups may be present. , or Substitution, or unsubstituted alkenyl groups having 2-7 C atoms, and R 42 It indicates an unsubstituted alkyl group having 1-7 carbon atoms or an unsubstituted alkoxy group having 1-6 carbon atoms.

13. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula V: in R 51 and R 52 Independently representing H, an alkyl, alkoxy, or alkenyl group having up to 15 carbon atoms, which is unsubstituted, monosubstituted with F, Cl, CN, or CF3, or at least monosubstituted with a halogen, wherein one or more of these groups are CH2 groups such that the O atom is not directly connected to each other by -O-, -S-, -C≡C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, Replacement , Same or different or Z 51 Z 52 Each of these independently represents -CH2-CH2-, -CH2-O-, -CH=CH-, -C≡C-, -COO-, or a single bond, and n is 1 or 2.

14. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, The LC medium further includes one or more additives selected from chiral dopants, stabilizers, polymerization initiators, and self-aligning additives.

15. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, wherein it is a PS-VA, PS-IPS, PS-FFS or SA-VA display.

16. The LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, It comprises two substrates, at least one of which is transparent to light, an electrode disposed on each substrate or two electrodes disposed on only one substrate, and a layer of LC medium as defined in one or more of claims 1 to 14 located between the substrates, wherein the polymerizable compound is polymerized between the substrates of the display by UV light polymerization.

17. A method for manufacturing an LC display according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, comprising the following steps: An LC medium as defined in one or more of claims 1 to 14 is provided between the substrates of the display, and the polymerizable compound is polymerized by irradiation with UV light.

18. The method of claim 17, wherein a voltage is applied to the electrodes of the display during the polymerization of the polymerizable compound.

19. The LC medium as defined in one or more of claims 1 to 14.

20. The method for preparing the LC medium according to claim 19, comprising the following steps: Mix one or more RMs as defined in one or more of claims 1 to 8 with one or more compounds of formulas II, III, IV and / or V as defined in one or more of claims 9 to 13, and optionally with other liquid crystal compounds and / or additives, and optionally polymerize the polymerizable compounds.

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