Modular power supply with different batteries, discharge management method and device

Abstract

The application relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a modular power supply capable of mixing different batteries, a discharge management method and equipment. The power supply comprises a basic unit, which is provided with a DC bus, a DC power distribution module connected to the DC bus, a first type battery access interface connected to the DC bus through the DC power distribution module, a second type battery access port, a bidirectional DC / DC module arranged at the second type battery access port and having an output end connected to the DC bus, and a monitoring module in communication connection with the bidirectional DC / DC module. The first type battery access interface and the second type battery access port are each provided with a functional slot, and each slot has a unique address code. The monitoring module is configured to identify the address codes of the slots and the types of the connected equipment, confirm the type combination of the accessed batteries, and select and execute a corresponding discharge control strategy according to the type combination. The application can support the safe mixing of different types and voltage grade batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a modular power supply, discharge management method and device that can use different batteries. Background Technology

[0002] The statements in this section are merely background information related to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] With the widespread application of modular power supplies in fields such as communications and data centers, users are placing higher demands on the flexibility, scalability, and battery compatibility of power systems.

[0004] While existing modular power supplies possess basic AC rectification and DC power distribution functions, they still have the following limitations: Limited battery type compatibility: Traditional modular power supplies only support specific types (such as lead-acid) and specific voltage levels of batteries, and cannot achieve mixed use of different types of batteries such as lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries, which limits the user's flexibility in choosing batteries.

[0005] Insufficient load and battery expansion capabilities: Existing modular power supply basic units have a limited number of load access channels and a limited number of battery access channels (e.g., some systems only support a small number of battery access channels), and lack standardized expansion units, making it difficult to meet the application scenarios of large loads and multiple battery packs.

[0006] Safety and stability issues of using multiple batteries: If different types of batteries are forcibly connected to a traditional power system, battery damage or system failure may occur due to voltage mismatch or insufficient circuit protection. In addition, there is a lack of accurate monitoring of the operating status of multiple batteries. That is, the safety and monitoring of using multiple batteries are lacking, there is no independent battery control and targeted protection, and the monitoring does not cover the status of multiple batteries, which can easily lead to failure.

[0007] In addition, although traditional modular power supplies are equipped with lightning protection, grounding reliability and intelligent monitoring, they are not optimized for scenarios where multiple types of batteries are used together, making it difficult to ensure the stability and safety of different batteries operating in tandem. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this application provides a modular power supply, discharge management method and device that can use different batteries, which breaks through the battery compatibility limitations of existing power supplies, supports the safe mixing of different types and voltage levels of batteries, improves the flexibility of battery selection, and can better meet the needs of practical applications.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: Firstly, a modular power supply capable of using different batteries is provided, the modular power supply including a basic unit, the basic unit being provided with: DC bus; The DC power distribution module is connected to the DC bus. At least one first-type battery access interface is connected to the DC bus via the DC power distribution module for direct connection of the first-type battery; At least one Type II battery access port; At least one bidirectional DC / DC module is detachably mounted at the second type of battery access port, with its input terminal for connecting to the second type of battery and its output terminal connected to the DC bus; The monitoring module is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC / DC module; Both the first type of battery access interface and the second type of battery access port are provided with functional slots, and each functional slot has a unique address code. The monitoring module is configured to identify the battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device, and select and execute the corresponding discharge control strategy according to the battery type combination.

[0010] Furthermore, The functional slot is equipped with resistors with different resistance values, and the resistance value of each resistor corresponds one-to-one with the address code of the functional slot.

[0011] Furthermore, The first type of battery access interface includes a battery switch slot and a battery terminal block; A DC switch is installed in the battery switch slot to control the circuit connection between the first type of battery and the DC bus. The battery terminal block is used for direct connection of the cable to the first type of battery.

[0012] Furthermore, The monitoring module is further configured as follows: When it is detected that only the first type of battery is connected, a voltage following strategy is executed to control the voltage of the DC bus to follow the natural voltage decay curve of the first type of battery; When it is detected that only the second type of battery is connected, a dynamic current sharing strategy based on capacity weight is executed, and the target discharge current is allocated to the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC module based on the effective capacity of each second type of battery.

[0013] Furthermore, The monitoring module is further configured as follows: When both Type 1 and Type 2 batteries are detected to be connected simultaneously, a common discharge mode and a priority discharge mode are provided for selection and execution.

[0014] Furthermore, the modular power supply also includes a rectifier extension unit and / or a DC extension unit; The rectifier expansion unit is connected via a rectifier expansion interface provided on the basic unit, and is used to expand the AC input conversion capability of the system. The DC expansion unit is connected via a DC expansion interface on the base unit and is used to expand the number of DC load access points of the system.

[0015] Furthermore, The rectifier expansion unit integrates an AC surge protection component, which is a surge protection device capable of withstanding at least 20kA current pulse impact. The output end of the DC bus is integrated with a DC surge protection component, which is a surge protector capable of withstanding a current pulse impact of at least 15kA.

[0016] Furthermore, The first type of battery is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery, and only one type of first type battery is connected at a time; the second type of battery is a lithium battery.

[0017] Secondly, a discharge management method is also provided, applied to the modular power supply that can use different batteries as described above, the method comprising: In response to a discharge command, the system identifies the current battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device. Based on the identified combination of battery types, a corresponding target discharge control strategy is selected from a variety of preset discharge control strategies and executed to manage the battery's discharge process to the load.

[0018] Furthermore, when the identified battery type combination involves simultaneously connecting a first type of battery and a second type of battery and selecting a common discharge mode, the target discharge control strategy includes: The first type of battery is controlled as a voltage reference source, so that the voltage of the DC bus follows its natural voltage decay curve; Each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is controlled to operate in voltage follower mode, so that its output voltage actively tracks the voltage of the DC bus. According to the preset current distribution rules, the output current of each bidirectional DC / DC module is dynamically adjusted so that the load current is shared by the first type of battery and each second type of battery.

[0019] Furthermore, The dynamic adjustment of the output current of each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Compare the actual output current of the bidirectional DC / DC module with the real-time target current; If the difference exceeds the preset current error threshold, the output voltage of the module is adjusted so that the actual output current approaches the real-time target current.

[0020] Furthermore, when the identified type combination is simultaneous access to both a first type of battery and a second type of battery and a priority discharge mode is selected, the target discharge control strategy includes multiple stages of timing control: Initial stage: Control the second type of battery to independently supply power to the load in constant voltage mode through the bidirectional DC / DC module; Switching trigger phase: When the total effective capacity of the second type of battery drops to a preset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is set to the important load voltage V_important; First type of battery takeover phase: After the switching trigger phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important; since the terminal voltage of the first type of battery is higher than V_important, the load is powered by the first type of battery through its direct connection to the DC bus; Handover Phase: When the terminal voltage of the first type of battery drops to the sum of V_important and a preset deviation value, the handover phase begins. During this phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important, while the terminal voltage of the first type of battery continues to decrease, causing the portion of the load current provided by the first type of battery to gradually decrease, and the portion provided by the second type of battery through the bidirectional DC / DC module to gradually increase accordingly. Handover completion stage: When the discharge current of the first type of battery drops to a preset current threshold close to zero, the load current is entirely provided by the second type of battery, and the handover is completed.

[0021] Furthermore, Maintaining voltage stability in constant voltage mode during the initial stage is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Calculate the average offset of the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module; If the average offset exceeds a preset voltage offset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is adjusted to compensate.

[0022] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a computer-readable storage medium, and a communication bus; wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the computer-readable storage medium communicate with each other through the communication bus, and the memory stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the discharge management method as described above is implemented.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. By constructing a hardware and software collaborative architecture of "bidirectional DC / DC module electrical isolation + intelligent strategy selection of monitoring module", the direct electrical connection between different batteries is physically cut off, eliminating circulating current; and through adaptive control strategies (such as voltage following and dynamic current sharing), optimized charge and discharge management is provided for each type of battery, realizing truly safe and efficient mixed use.

[0024] 2. By assigning a unique physical address code (e.g., different resistance values) to each functional slot, the monitoring module can automatically and accurately identify the type of device connected to each slot (whether it is a battery switch or a DC / DC module), thereby automatically determining the battery type combination. This enables the system to self-identify and self-configure, greatly simplifying installation and debugging, and laying a solid foundation for subsequent independent and precise control of each battery circuit.

[0025] 3. Two advanced modes are provided: common discharge and priority discharge. Users can choose to discharge new and old batteries together (maximizing capacity utilization) or to prioritize the discharge of high-performance batteries while using old batteries as backups (ensuring critical loads are handled flawlessly). This flexibility is particularly suitable for complex scenarios such as system expansion and technical upgrades, providing unprecedented operational strategy options.

[0026] Other features and advantages of this application will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the application. The objectives and other advantages of this application may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description, claims and drawings.

[0027] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the basic unit structure of a modular power supply that can use different batteries according to one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the layout of the basic unit in one embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the real-time target current calculation and current adjustment process under common discharge mode in one embodiment of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the voltage offset compensation mechanism under priority discharge mode in one embodiment of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the preferential discharge curve of lead-lithium co-processing in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0031] Traditional power systems are typically designed for only one specific type of battery (such as all lead-acid batteries or all lithium batteries). However, in actual operation, users often face the following situations: 1. Smooth Transition and Investment Protection: Users' existing systems may be based on lead-acid batteries, and they may want to upgrade or replace them with higher-performance lithium batteries, but they cannot eliminate all old equipment at once. The hybrid solution allows for the coexistence of new and old batteries, enabling phased investment.

[0032] 2. Maximize the use of existing resources: When renovating a site, upgrading a system, or performing emergency repairs, there may be different types of batteries in stock. A mixed-use solution can quickly integrate these resources, ensuring uninterrupted system operation and avoiding resource waste.

[0033] 3. Complementary Performance: Different batteries have different characteristics. For example, lithium batteries have high energy density and long cycle life, but are more expensive; lead-acid batteries have low cost and mature technology, but are bulky and have poor deep discharge performance. In specific scenarios, using a hybrid approach can balance cost and performance.

[0034] Therefore, this application adopts a mixed-use multi-battery scheme and provides a modular power supply that can use different batteries.

[0035] One embodiment of this application provides a modular power supply that can use different batteries interchangeably. The modular power supply includes a basic unit, and the basic unit is provided with: DC bus; The DC power distribution module is connected to the DC bus. At least one type-1 battery access interface is connected to the DC bus through the DC power distribution module for direct connection of a type-1 battery (also referred to as a type-1 battery). At least one Type II battery access port; At least one bidirectional DC / DC module is detachably installed at the second type of battery access port, with its input terminal for connecting to the second type of battery (also referred to as the second type of battery, the same below) and its output terminal connected to the DC bus; The monitoring module is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC / DC module; Both the first type of battery access interface and the second type of battery access port are provided with functional slots, and each functional slot has a unique address code. The monitoring module is configured to identify the battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device, and select and execute the corresponding discharge control strategy according to the battery type combination.

[0036] The above technical solution constructs the most basic and core hardware architecture for realizing intelligent battery hybrid use, and its technical effects are as follows: 1. Physical compatibility: By setting up a "Type 1 battery access interface" and a "Type 2 battery access port", the coexistence of batteries with two different access methods is supported from the hardware level. 2. Intelligent Identification Foundation: Through "functional slots" and "unique address codes", the monitoring module is provided with a physical means to automatically and accurately identify the battery type combination (only one type, only two types, or mixed) in the system. This is a prerequisite for realizing subsequent adaptive management. 3. Foundation for Safe Mixed Use: By connecting the Class II batteries to the DC bus via a "bidirectional DC / DC module," a "controllable connection" is achieved between the Class II batteries and the DC bus electrically. As an active and intelligent interface, the bidirectional DC / DC module replaces simple direct wire connections; it can perform voltage conversion and electrical isolation, physically avoiding the circulating current problem that inevitably occurs when batteries with different voltages and characteristics are directly connected in parallel. This provides the most fundamental hardware guarantee for safe mixed use. 4. Modularity and Flexibility: The limitations of "removable installation" and "at least one" establish the modular expansion capability of the system, which can flexibly configure the number of batteries according to needs.

[0037] The aforementioned technical solution constructs an intelligent hardware platform specifically designed for battery mixing. This platform not only solves the physical compatibility issues of different battery types, but more importantly, through its unique structure centered on "address-encoded slots" and a "bidirectional DC / DC module," it provides an indispensable physical foundation and hardware support for subsequent implementation of complex, adaptive, and safe discharge management strategies (methods). Its effect is to transform battery mixing from "impossible" or "high-risk" to "achievable and fundamentally safe," laying the cornerstone for the realization of all advanced intelligent control functions.

[0038] As a core component of the power system, the basic unit can also integrate AC power distribution modules, rectifier modules, and other components, and is equipped with load access interfaces, rectifier expansion interfaces, and DC expansion interfaces. By integrating these modules and interfaces, the basic unit effectively receives, converts, distributes, and monitors electrical energy, providing stable power support for the entire system and ensuring efficient operation of the entire process from AC input to DC output. Simultaneously, the interface design allows for flexibility in battery access and system expansion.

[0039] Specifically, the main function of the AC power distribution module is to receive external AC power input and perform initial distribution and protection. It is responsible for safely transmitting AC power to the rectifier module, and typically includes overload and short-circuit protection mechanisms to prevent front-end circuit failures, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the entire system input and laying the foundation for subsequent power conversion.

[0040] The function of the rectifier module is to convert the AC power supplied by the AC power distribution module into DC power to meet the power supply requirements of the DC system. This conversion process is achieved through a rectifier circuit, which outputs a stable DC power supply and connects directly to the DC power distribution module, ensuring a smooth transition of electrical energy form and providing clean DC power to the load and battery.

[0041] In addition to the aforementioned functions, the monitoring module is responsible for real-time monitoring of the operating status of each module in the basic unit, including parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature, and can perform fault diagnosis and alarms. It interacts with AC power distribution, rectification, and DC power distribution modules through internal communication links to achieve data acquisition and intelligent control, providing users with a visual interface, thereby improving the system's maintainability and security.

[0042] The DC power distribution module receives DC power from the rectifier module and distributes it appropriately to the load input interface and battery-related interfaces. This module ensures efficient DC power delivery to external loads, manages the battery charging and discharging paths, maintains system balance, and works in conjunction with the rectifier module and bidirectional DC / DC module through internal connections to optimize energy distribution.

[0043] The bidirectional DC / DC module is specifically designed for connecting to Class II batteries (such as lithium batteries) to achieve bidirectional power flow control. It can switch between charging and discharging modes according to system needs, drawing power from Class II batteries to supplement the system's power supply, or storing excess energy in the batteries to enhance system redundancy and flexibility. It is also electrically integrated with the DC power distribution module to ensure seamless connection between battery management and the main circuit; furthermore, it is equipped with a switch to control its connection to the bus.

[0044] The battery access interface (i.e., the first type of battery access interface mentioned above) is used to directly connect to a type of battery (lead-acid battery or lithium battery), providing a simple battery access point and enabling basic backup functions without complex conversion; the load access interface connects to external electrical equipment and distributes DC power; the rectifier expansion interface and the DC expansion interface allow for the increase of rectifier and DC power distribution capacity through expansion units, improving system scalability. These interfaces together enhance the adaptability and modular design of the unit.

[0045] In terms of connectivity, the modules within the basic unit follow a linear process: AC power is input through the AC distribution module, converted to DC power by the rectifier module, and then distributed to the load and battery interface through the DC distribution module; Class I batteries are directly connected to the DC distribution system through the battery access interface, while Class II batteries are connected through a bidirectional DC / DC module for more precise control; the monitoring module covers the entire process for unified supervision, and the expansion interface provides connection points for external expansion units, forming a complete power management network.

[0046] The expansion unit includes components such as rectifier module expansion (i.e., rectifier expansion unit) and DC power distribution module expansion (i.e., DC expansion unit), which are connected through the rectifier expansion interface and DC expansion interface of the basic unit, thereby increasing the system's rectification capacity and DC power distribution scale. This design allows the system to be flexibly expanded according to load requirements, improving overall power and reliability, while maintaining seamless integration with the basic unit.

[0047] The device type connected to each functional slot refers to the functional classification of the electrical components inserted into the functional slot, which directly determines the connection method of the connected battery, and thus the battery type.

[0048] Specifically, the types of devices connected in this embodiment mainly include the following two: The first type of device is a battery switch, which is installed in the functional slot of the first type of battery access interface. When the monitoring module recognizes that a device of the "battery switch" type is connected to a slot with a certain address code, it can determine that the circuit is connected to a "first type of battery" (i.e., a battery directly connected to the bus, such as a lead-acid battery). The second type of device is a bidirectional DC / DC module, which is installed in the functional slot of the second type of battery access port. When the monitoring module identifies that a device of the "bidirectional DC / DC module" is connected to a slot with a certain address code, it can determine that the circuit is connected to a "second type of battery" (i.e., a battery that needs to be voltage adapted and isolated by a DC / DC module, such as a lithium battery).

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a basic unit is provided, in which battery switch 1 corresponds to the battery input interface, and DC load switch 2 corresponds to the load input interface, both connected to the DC distribution module; DC / DC module slot 3 corresponds to the bidirectional DC / DC module and its slot; rectifier module slot 4 corresponds to the rectifier module and its slot; monitoring 5 corresponds to the monitoring module (i.e., controller); AC input (using AC input interlock 6), AC surge protection 7, and AC output 9 are located in the AC distribution module; in this diagram, battery switch 1 and DC load switch 2 use 3U intelligent circuit breakers, suitable for indoor installation spaces such as computer rooms with ample installation space. For basic units that need to be applied to outdoor cabinets or other installation spaces with limited space, their design is different. Figure 1 The main difference in the design shown is that the battery switch and DC load switch use 1U smart circuit breakers. Figure 1 The exhibition also showcased DC surge protector 8, AC expansion terminal 10, and positive terminal block 11.

[0050] As a preferred technical solution, the functional slot is configured with resistors with different resistance values, and the resistance value of each resistor corresponds one-to-one with the address code of the functional slot.

[0051] In this embodiment, the unique address encoding of the functional slot is achieved by setting a different physical resistance value for each slot. This embodiment provides a simple, reliable, low-cost, and easy-to-implement hardware encoding scheme. Utilizing resistors with different resistance values ​​for address encoding results in a simple circuit design, reliable identification, and strong anti-interference capability, providing a stable and concrete physical guarantee for accurate slot management.

[0052] In practice, the internal slots of the basic unit adopt a standardized layout, including multiple rows of slots with unique address numbers (i.e., unique address codes) for installing DC / DC modules, load switches and battery switch assemblies.

[0053] The identification of slot addresses (i.e., the address codes of functional slots) is achieved by setting different resistance values ​​for each slot to achieve association. A layout diagram of the basic unit in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 The layout diagram of the slot addresses can be found in the image. Figure 2 As shown.

[0054] Here is a brief explanation of how to identify and confirm the combination of battery types connected to the circuit. The complete identification logic process is as follows: Step 1 (Location): The monitoring module scans the address codes of all slots to determine which slots are occupied (i.e., devices are inserted). Step 2 (Object Identification): The monitoring module communicates with the device in each occupied slot to obtain its "device type". Step 3 (Judgment): If the device type is battery switch, then the circuit is determined to be a first-type battery. If the device type is bidirectional DC / DC module, then the circuit is determined to be a type 2 battery. Step 4 (Combination): Based on the judgment results of all circuits, finally confirm the "battery type combination" of the entire system (e.g., only type 1, only type 2, or mixed access).

[0055] As a preferred technical solution, the first type of battery access interface includes a battery switch slot and a battery terminal block; the battery switch slot is equipped with a DC switch for controlling the circuit connection between the first type of battery and the DC bus; the battery terminal block is used to directly connect the cable of the first type of battery.

[0056] This embodiment provides a specific structure for the interface of the first type of battery, clarifying the specific and reliable physical path and safety control mechanism for connecting the first type of battery. The "battery switch slot" and "DC switch" provide active on / off control capabilities; the "battery terminal block" provides a robust and reliable electrical connection point, jointly ensuring the convenience, safety, and controllability of connecting the first type of battery. In specific implementation, a dedicated terminal block is used, for example, a terminal block specifically for the first type of battery (such as a lead-acid battery).

[0057] In practice, independent positive and negative battery terminals can be set up to support parallel or series connection of multiple battery groups.

[0058] As a preferred technical solution, the monitoring module is further configured to: when it is detected that only the first type of battery is connected, execute a voltage following strategy to control the voltage of the DC bus to follow the natural voltage decay curve of the first type of battery; when it is detected that only the second type of battery is connected, execute a dynamic current sharing strategy based on capacity weight to allocate target discharge current to the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC module based on the effective capacity of each second type of battery.

[0059] This embodiment presents a control strategy for a single battery scenario, and concretizes the intelligent management effect of the monitoring module in two single battery scenarios: For batteries connected only to the first type, a "voltage follower strategy" is adopted, which simplifies and improves the efficiency of the control process and reduces the complexity of the system. For batteries connected only in the second category, a "dynamic current sharing strategy based on capacity weight" is adopted to achieve intelligent load distribution among multiple battery groups, which can effectively extend the overall life of the battery pack and maximize energy utilization.

[0060] As a preferred technical solution, the monitoring module is further configured to: when it is detected that a first type of battery and a second type of battery are connected at the same time, provide a common discharge mode and a priority discharge mode for selection and execution.

[0061] This embodiment provides mode selection for mixed scenarios, offering strategic flexibility when facing the most complex mixed battery situations. By offering two modes, "common discharge" and "priority discharge," the system can optimize operation according to different user priorities (such as maximizing energy utilization vs. ensuring critical loads), greatly enhancing the system's applicability and user experience.

[0062] As a preferred technical solution, the modular power supply further includes a rectifier expansion unit and / or a DC expansion unit; the rectifier expansion unit is connected through a rectifier expansion interface provided on the base unit to expand the AC input conversion capability of the system; the DC expansion unit is connected through a DC expansion interface provided on the base unit to expand the number of DC load access points of the system.

[0063] This embodiment provides the system with powerful power expansion and load access capabilities through rectifier expansion unit and DC expansion unit, enabling it to flexibly adapt to various application scenarios from small to medium-to-large.

[0064] In practical implementation, the rectifier expansion unit includes a second AC distribution module, a second rectifier module, a communication port, and a DC expansion terminal. The second AC distribution module, the second rectifier module, the communication port, and the monitoring module are connected in sequence; the DC expansion terminal is connected to the expansion interface of the DC power distribution module. The DC expansion unit includes a second DC distribution module, a communication port, and a DC expansion terminal. The second DC distribution module, the communication port, and the monitoring module are connected in sequence; the DC expansion terminal is connected to the expansion interface of the DC power distribution module.

[0065] In this embodiment, the base unit adopts a standard rack-mount structure with a height of 6U and a width of 19 inches; the rectifier expansion unit adopts a standard rack-mount structure with a height of 2U and a width of 19 inches; and the DC expansion unit adopts a standard rack-mount structure with a height of 1U and a width of 19 inches. The standard rack-mount structure of the base unit, rectifier expansion unit, and DC expansion unit ensures seamless compatibility with existing data center infrastructure and simplifies actual deployment. Each unit achieves mechanical and electrical connections through standardized slots and terminals, supporting the mixed use of different battery types.

[0066] As a preferred technical solution, the rectifier expansion unit integrates an AC surge protection component, which is a surge protection device capable of withstanding at least 20kA current pulse impact; the output end of the DC bus integrates a DC surge protection component, which is a surge protector capable of withstanding at least 15kA current pulse impact.

[0067] This embodiment integrates lightning protection components with clear surge protection indicators (20kA, 15kA), providing the system with high-level hardware-level safety protection against lightning surges, ensuring the safety of core equipment and batteries in harsh power grid environments.

[0068] The following sections explain the settings for AC input surge protection components and DC output surge protection components.

[0069] AC input surge protection configuration: Indoor equipment input terminals should be equipped with Class C surge protection devices (voltage limiting type) or equivalent surge protection devices, capable of withstanding at least a 20kA current pulse. Outdoor equipment input terminals should be equipped with Class B+C surge protection devices (voltage limiting type) or equivalent surge protection devices. Class B surge protectors should be configurable with different nominal discharge currents (30kA, 40kA, 60kA) according to user requirements, and Class C surge protectors should be able to withstand a 20kA current pulse. A 3+1 configuration (consisting of three sets of varistor modules and one set of gas-discharge modules) should be adopted, and the maximum continuous operating voltage of Class B and Class C surge protectors should not be less than 385V. A circuit breaker or fuse should be connected in series on the power supply SPD leads. The nominal current of the circuit breaker or fuse should not exceed 1 / 1.6 of the current of the circuit breaker or fuse in the upstream power supply line. Plug-in surge protectors with built-in fuses or built-in protection devices can be used.

[0070] DC output surge protection configuration: A surge protector should be installed at the DC output of the system, capable of withstanding at least a current pulse (8 / 20μs, 15kA). Alternatively, a pluggable surge protector with a built-in fuse or built-in protection device can be used.

[0071] As a preferred technical solution, the first type of battery is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery, and only one type of first type battery is connected at a time; the second type of battery is a lithium battery.

[0072] This embodiment clarifies the battery chemistry system and compatibility rules adapted to the hardware platform (e.g., only one type of battery can be used at a time, and the bidirectional DC / DC module can only be connected to lithium batteries), defines the scope of application of the product, and facilitates better mixing of different batteries.

[0073] An embodiment of this application also provides a discharge management method applied to a modular power supply capable of using different batteries as described above, the method comprising: In response to a discharge command, the system identifies the current battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device. Based on the identified combination of battery types, a corresponding target discharge control strategy is selected from a variety of preset discharge control strategies and executed to manage the battery's discharge process to the load.

[0074] The above technical solution achieves "automation" and "intelligence" in discharge management. The system can automatically identify the current configuration and automatically select the optimal strategy, without any manual intervention, significantly improving the system's ease of use and reliability.

[0075] As a preferred technical solution, when the identified battery type combination involves simultaneously connecting a first type of battery and a second type of battery and selecting a common discharge mode, the target discharge control strategy includes: The first type of battery is controlled as a voltage reference source, so that the voltage of the DC bus follows its natural voltage decay curve; Each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is controlled to operate in voltage follower mode, so that its output voltage actively tracks the voltage of the DC bus. According to the preset current distribution rules, the output current of each bidirectional DC / DC module is dynamically adjusted so that the load current is shared by the first type of battery and each second type of battery.

[0076] This embodiment provides a detailed process for the common discharge mode, revealing the core mechanism for achieving "natural, coordinated, and safe discharge" in a hybrid battery scenario. By setting a constant voltage (reference source) for one type of battery and adjusting the voltage (driven source) for the other type of battery while dynamically adjusting the current, circulating current is fundamentally eliminated, and the two types of batteries achieve harmonious coexistence in proportion, resulting in the optimal balance between safety and energy utilization.

[0077] As a preferred technical solution, the dynamic adjustment of the output current of each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Compare the actual output current of the bidirectional DC / DC module with the real-time target current; If the difference exceeds the preset current error threshold, the output voltage of the module is adjusted so that the actual output current approaches the real-time target current.

[0078] This embodiment demonstrates closed-loop current regulation under common discharge mode, concretizing "dynamic adjustment" into a high-precision, high-stability automatic control effect. Through closed-loop feedback and threshold judgment, it ensures that the output current of each DC / DC module quickly and accurately tracks its dynamically calculated target value, thereby guaranteeing the accuracy of current sharing and preventing some batteries from being overloaded while others are underutilized.

[0079] As a preferred technical solution, when the identified type combination is simultaneous access to a first type of battery and a second type of battery and a priority discharge mode is selected, the target discharge control strategy includes multiple stages of time-series control: Initial stage: Control the second type of battery to independently supply power to the load in constant voltage mode through the bidirectional DC / DC module; Switching trigger phase: When the total effective capacity of the second type of battery drops to a preset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is set to the important load voltage V_important; First type of battery takeover phase: After the switching trigger phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important; since the terminal voltage of the first type of battery is higher than V_important, the load is powered by the first type of battery through its direct connection to the DC bus; Handover Phase: When the terminal voltage of the first type of battery drops to the sum of V_important and a preset deviation value, the handover phase begins. During this phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important, while the terminal voltage of the first type of battery continues to decrease, causing the portion of the load current provided by the first type of battery to gradually decrease, and the portion provided by the second type of battery through the bidirectional DC / DC module to gradually increase accordingly. Handover completion stage: When the discharge current of the first type of battery drops to a preset current threshold close to zero, the load current is entirely provided by the second type of battery, and the handover is completed.

[0080] This embodiment provides a detailed process for the priority discharge mode, which enables seamless, smooth, and automatic switching of power supply responsibility. Through multi-stage timing control, this mode ensures a smooth and reliable transition of energy supply from Class II batteries to Class I batteries under different power outage conditions for critical loads. This is particularly suitable for scenarios with extremely high requirements for power supply continuity, demonstrating the system's high reliability and intelligence.

[0081] As a preferred technical solution, maintaining voltage stability in constant voltage mode during the initial stage is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Calculate the average offset of the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module; If the average offset exceeds a preset voltage offset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is adjusted to compensate.

[0082] This embodiment demonstrates closed-loop voltage regulation in priority discharge mode, providing a "voltage stabilization" effect for the constant voltage output of the Class II battery during the initial stage of priority discharge. By monitoring and compensating for voltage deviation, the stability of the bus voltage is ensured under disturbances such as load changes, providing a high-quality voltage reference for reliable switching in subsequent stages.

[0083] To make the above discharge management method clearer, the method will be further explained below in conjunction with the above preferred technical solutions.

[0084] Discharge management method based on modular power supplies that can use different batteries (i.e., battery sharing management system): When a discharge request is received, the system determines the type of battery currently connected based on the slot identifier of the connected system, including three battery types: "only type 1 battery", "only type 2 battery", or "type 1 and type 2 batteries coexist".

[0085] In application scenarios where only one type of battery is connected, the system employs a voltage-following strategy to simplify discharge control. Since this type of battery is directly connected to the power busbar (i.e., the aforementioned DC bus) via the access unit (i.e., the first type of battery access interface and DC power distribution module), the busbar voltage (i.e., the DC bus voltage) is directly coupled to the battery terminal voltage change curve. During discharge, the monitoring module does not actively intervene in the voltage output but instead follows the natural voltage decay curve of the first type of battery in real time until the discharge cutoff threshold is reached.

[0086] When the system detects that only two types of batteries are connected, it adopts dual-mode discharge control based on capacity thresholds. Each bidirectional DC / DC module (also referred to as a DC / DC module, hereinafter the same) collects the rated capacity, real-time SOC, and SOH data of its battery pack in real time, and forms a global capacity view through CAN bus interaction. The target current allocation follows the capacity weight principle: module target current = total load current × (effective capacity of this module / total effective capacity of the system), where effective capacity = rated capacity × SOC × SOH. The discharge process adopts a dynamic voltage reference strategy—when the total system capacity is higher than the critical load threshold, the minimum value of the float charge voltage and the ordinary load voltage is selected as the output reference; when the capacity drops below the critical load reserved capacity threshold (which can be set as needed, 10-25%), it switches to the critical load constant voltage mode until the cutoff voltage. This design enables multiple lithium battery groups to form a virtual parallel architecture, realizing millisecond-level dynamic current sharing among modules. This dynamic voltage reference switching mechanism ensures uninterrupted power supply to critical loads and avoids battery over-discharge damage.

[0087] When both Type I and Type II batteries are present, two discharge modes can be selected: priority discharge and common discharge (when there is no monitoring module, priority discharge mode is used for all batteries). The common discharge mode will be explained in detail below.

[0088] Common discharge mode (default): When a discharge command is received, the system first determines the initial target current and a specific threshold based on the current set by the system. The comparison results determine the current limiting value for one type of battery and the value of the capacity-related parameters for another type of battery.

[0089] Judgment condition: Determine whether the initial target current is greater than 100%. , where a is the battery discharge current limiting coefficient, and C10 is the battery's 10-hour rate discharge capacity.

[0090] The judgment result is negative: when the initial target current is not greater than At that time, issue I 限外 = 0, which means that one type of battery is not current-limited; at the same time, C is issued. 外 =Remaining capacity, that is, assigning the currently calculated remaining capacity value to a type of battery capacity-related parameter, and then proceeding to the subsequent initial target current calculation and adjustment process.

[0091] The judgment result is: when the initial target current is greater than At that time, issue I 限外 = A current limiting setting is applied to a type of battery, with the current limiting value being... At the same time, C was issued. 外 = 0, set the relevant parameters of a certain type of battery capacity to 0, and then proceed to the subsequent real-time target current calculation and current adjustment process.

[0092] Discharge begins, with the first type of battery serving as the voltage reference source, and the bus voltage continuously following its voltage drop curve. The initial voltage of the DC / DC module is the bus voltage before power failure minus 2V, and it actively tracks the bus voltage determined by the first type of battery, causing the second type of battery to abandon constant voltage output and switch to voltage following state. During this discharge process, the module current needs to be adjusted in real time.

[0093] The real-time target current calculation and adjustment process is as follows: Parameter acquisition: The i-th DC / DC module needs to acquire the capacity C and voltage V of the Class II batteries of the first-class batteries and the Class II batteries of the other DC / DC modules, as well as the limiting current I. 限 These parameters are the foundational data for calculating the real-time target current of the i-th DC / DC module. Accurately obtaining these parameters is crucial for precisely calculating the real-time target current.

[0094] Calculate the real-time target current: The formula for calculating the real-time target current of the i-th DC / DC module is: I i =(I 电总 A×I 限外 )×C i ×V i ×efficiency / ((B×C) 外 +C1+ )×V 母 ) in: I i The real-time target current of the i-th DC / DC module is the current value that the system expects the i-th DC / DC module to output, calculated based on the currently acquired real-time parameters.

[0095] I 电总 This represents the total battery-side current, which includes the current of all DC / DC modules and a class of batteries, reflecting the overall current situation on the battery side.

[0096] I 限外 Ilimit = 0 if a class of batteries reaches the limit and does not reach the limit.

[0097] C i This represents the remaining capacity of the type II battery associated with the i-th DC / DC module, indicating the current remaining charge of the corresponding type II battery. For example, C1 represents the remaining capacity of the type II battery associated with the 1-th DC / DC module.

[0098] V i Let be the voltage of the type II battery associated with the i-th DC / DC module.

[0099] V母 This is the busbar side voltage.

[0100] C 外 This refers to the remaining capacity of the external lead-acid battery.

[0101] Efficiency refers to the conversion efficiency of the DC / DC module.

[0102] A is the external battery current limit indicator; it is 1 if current is limited and 0 if current is not limited.

[0103] B = 1 - A.

[0104] (B×C 外 +C1+ () indicates the capacity of all batteries in the system.

[0105] Current threshold settings: Current error ≤ 2A when battery discharge current is below 40A, and current error ≤ 5% when battery discharge current is above 40A. These thresholds are used to subsequently determine how close the current of the i-th DC / DC module is to the real-time target current, in order to determine whether current adjustment is needed.

[0106] Judgment and Adjustment This step aims to adjust the current of the i-th DC / DC module by continuously comparing it with the real-time target current, so that it is close to the real-time target current value.

[0107] First judgment: Judge abs (I 模块i I i Whether the threshold is met.

[0108] The judgment result is: if the absolute difference between the current of the i-th DC / DC module and the real-time target current is less than the set threshold, it means that the current of the i-th DC / DC module is close to the real-time target current, and the process ends.

[0109] If the result is negative: If the absolute difference is not less than the threshold, it means that the current of the i-th DC / DC module deviates significantly from the real-time target current and needs further adjustment. In this case, proceed to the next step of judgment.

[0110] Second judgment: Further judgment I 模块i >I i Whether it is valid or not.

[0111] The judgment result is as follows: When the current of the i-th DC / DC module is greater than the real-time target current, perform a single-module (i-th DC / DC module) current adjustment operation, then reduce the module voltage by n (n can be set as needed, the unit can be volts or millivolts), perform corresponding operations according to the voltage drop, and then return to "judgment abs(I 模块i I i Following the step of "<threshold", continue to check whether the current of the i-th DC / DC module is close to the real-time target current.

[0112] If the judgment result is negative: When the current of the i-th DC / DC module is less than the real-time target current, the same single-module (i-th DC / DC module) current adjustment operation is performed. Then, the module voltage is raised by n (n can be set as needed, and the unit can be volts or millivolts). According to the voltage rise, the corresponding operation is performed, and then it returns to "judgment abs(I 模块i I i The process continues until the absolute difference between the current of the i-th DC / DC module and the real-time target current is less than the threshold, at which point the process ends.

[0113] A flowchart illustrating real-time target current calculation and current adjustment under common discharge mode in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 3 As shown. Figure 3 The external battery in this context is one type of battery.

[0114] The priority discharge mode will be explained in more detail below.

[0115] In priority discharge mode, the system adjusts the discharge current of each battery branch according to the discharge capacity (battery rated capacity × real-time SOC × SOH) of each battery branch connected to the DC / DC battery port, so that each battery branch discharges according to the ratio of its rated discharge capacity (based on the battery side current).

[0116] 1. Initial Stage (Prioritizing Discharge of Class II Batteries): The system load is independently borne by Class II batteries through a bidirectional DC / DC module. The current of Class I batteries is 0.

[0117] In the first stage, the Class II batteries are discharged separately. At this time, the target voltage of the Class II batteries is the bus voltage before the power is cut off. The Class II batteries are basically in constant voltage discharge. At this time, each module still needs to perform real-time target current calculation and adjustment process (the process is as described above).

[0118] Since the Class II battery needs to maintain a constant voltage output during the priority discharge process, it is necessary to prevent the adjusted voltage from remaining within the offset range of the target voltage. At this time, the average offset value is calculated. When the average offset (the difference between the actual average voltage and the target voltage) exceeds the preset range (-500mV to +500mV), the voltage offset compensation mechanism is triggered.

[0119] Voltage offset compensation employs a three-level stepped adaptive strategy, implementing differentiated operations based on the magnitude of the average offset. When the absolute value of the offset exceeds 500mV, the system performs rapid compensation: adjusting in the opposite direction by 1 / 32 of the offset value (in mV), i.e., decreasing the voltage value (-ΔV) for positive offset and increasing the voltage value (+ΔV) for negative offset. This design avoids over-adjustment oscillation through a high proportional attenuation coefficient (1 / 32 ≈ 3.1%). When the offset falls within the 30mV to 500mV range, the system activates step-by-step fine-tuning, applying only 1mV of compensation at a time. This strategy sacrifices response speed for stability and is suitable for tolerable mild offset scenarios. When the offset is below 30mV, the system determines it to be within an acceptable noise range and does not activate the compensation process.

[0120] The key to the compensation mechanism lies in establishing a safe range (±500mV) for allowable offset and segmenting the response strategy accordingly. During periods of severe offset (>500mV), priority is given to preventing runaway, employing rapid but decaying strong intervention; for moderate offsets (30-500mV), gradual correction is emphasized to avoid frequent actions that could lead to device damage; and for minor offsets (<30mV), ineffective regulation is suppressed to reduce system power consumption. This architecture ensures voltage stability while meeting the core requirement of constant-voltage discharge for Class II batteries, and also provides error tolerance for dynamic allocation of shunt current according to capacity ratio, ultimately achieving a balanced optimization of system efficiency and battery life.

[0121] The flowchart of the voltage offset compensation mechanism in the priority discharge mode of this embodiment is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0122] 2. Triggering switching (i.e., switching triggering phase): When the remaining capacity of the Class II battery reaches the threshold of the reserved capacity for important loads, the bidirectional DC / DC module sets its output voltage to the output voltage (V_important) required by the important load.

[0123] 3. Independent discharge stage of a type of battery (i.e., the takeover stage of a type 1 battery): At this point, because a new output voltage V_important has been set, and V_class > V_important, the voltage of the class 1 battery is higher than the output voltage set by the DC / DC module.

[0124] Therefore, one type of battery takes over the load and supplies power independently through a diode (or equivalent path). The bus voltage is pulled up by the voltage of this type of battery.

[0125] During this stage, the bidirectional DC / DC module on the second-class battery side is in a "standby" state, and its output is blocked in reverse (or the regulation is ineffective).

[0126] 4. Handover Initiation Point: As the battery continues to discharge, its voltage gradually decreases. When the voltage of the battery drops to approximately V_important (V_important + 0.5V), the handover process begins.

[0127] 5. Common discharge phase (handover process, i.e., handover phase): The system simultaneously activates one type of battery and the bidirectional DC / DC module to discharge.

[0128] The output of the bidirectional DC / DC module is set to V_important.

[0129] One type of battery voltage remains slightly higher than or equal to V_important (continuing to decrease from around +0.5V initially).

[0130] At this time, the first type of battery is still directly connected to the bus, and the second type of battery is also connected in parallel to the bus through the DC / DC module (operating in constant voltage source mode).

[0131] The load current is shared by a type of battery and a DC / DC module.

[0132] Key dynamic change: One type of battery continues to discharge, but its voltage continues to decrease slowly, while the DC / DC module strictly maintains the output voltage at V_important. This causes the current I_lead distributed on the first type of battery to gradually decrease, while the current I_dcdc distributed on the bidirectional DC / DC module (lithium battery) gradually increases.

[0133] 6. Handover completion point: The common discharge phase continues, and the voltage of one type of battery continues to decrease.

[0134] When the voltage of a type of battery drops to almost equal to (or very close to) the output voltage V_important set by the bidirectional DC / DC module: One type of battery no longer has a voltage advantage to drive current output.

[0135] At this point, the discharge current I_lead of a certain type of battery drops to zero (or close to zero), which means that the discharge current of a certain type of battery drops to a preset current threshold close to zero.

[0136] The entire load current I_load is provided independently by the bidirectional DC / DC module (I_dcdc = I_load).

[0137] The bus voltage is stably maintained at V_important by the bidirectional DC / DC module.

[0138] The moment when the battery current returns to zero and the DC / DC module fully assumes the load is the marker of "handover completion".

[0139] 7. Lithium-ion battery independent discharge termination stage: After the handover is completed, the system returns to a state similar to the initial stage, but at this time the remaining capacity of the lithium battery is already low.

[0140] The bidirectional DC / DC module continues to independently power the load (Class II battery discharge) until its discharge termination conditions are met (such as reaching the termination voltage or depletion of capacity).

[0141] After the bidirectional DC / DC module finishes discharging, a type of battery (if any) will discharge to its discharge cutoff voltage (this process is unrelated to the main handover process).

[0142] The schematic diagram of the preferential discharge curve for lead-lithium co-processing in this embodiment is shown below. Figure 5 As shown in the figure. In this embodiment, lead-acid batteries correspond to Class I batteries, and lithium batteries correspond to Class II batteries.

[0143] Here is a brief explanation of the various stages of preferential discharge when using lead-lithium alloys: Phase 1: Prioritize lithium battery discharge. When the remaining total capacity of the lithium battery discharge reaches the reserved capacity for important loads (default 20%, adjustable), the lithium battery output voltage is adjusted to the important load discharge voltage (default 44V, adjustable). Phase 2: The lead-acid battery begins to discharge. When the lead-acid voltage discharges to 44V, the external lead-acid battery gradually transitions to the lithium iron phosphate battery for discharge. Phase 3: After the lithium iron phosphate battery has fully discharged, the batteries connected to the DC / DC module port discharge together with the important load output voltage until the discharge ends; Stage 4: Finally, the lead-acid battery continues to discharge until it is de-energized.

[0144] To make the above methods clearer, the following further explains the technical terms involved in the discharge management methods: Power busbar: A metallic conductive busbar (usually made of copper or aluminum) used to collect and distribute direct current (DC). It serves as the voltage reference and energy distribution center for the entire system. The power busbar is the physical entity and specific implementation of the DC bus.

[0145] Battery access interface: The interface module for physically connecting the battery pack, including terminals, switches and cables, supporting direct parallel connection of lead-acid or lithium batteries.

[0146] Bidirectional DC / DC module: A DC transformer device that enables bidirectional conversion of electrical energy, with both boost and buck functions, used to match batteries and buses of different voltages.

[0147] Monitoring module: The core control unit, which collects data through the communication interface, formulates charging and discharging strategies, and controls the operation of other modules.

[0148] SOC (State of Charge): The percentage of battery capacity remaining (e.g., SOC 80% means 80% of the battery is still charged).

[0149] SOH (State of Health): The degree of degradation of the battery's current actual capacity relative to its rated capacity (e.g., SOH 90% means that the capacity has been reduced to 90%).

[0150] Effective capacity: The actual usable capacity of the battery at present. Calculation formula: Rated capacity × SOC × SOH.

[0151] Constant Voltage Mode: The operating mode in which the DC / DC module maintains a constant output voltage (such as when the lithium battery is discharged first).

[0152] Voltage Tracking Mode: The DC / DC module actively tracks changes in the bus voltage (e.g., when using mixed batteries, the second type of battery follows the voltage of the first type of battery).

[0153] Important load threshold: The preset minimum system capacity threshold (e.g., 10-25%) triggers a power supply mode switch.

[0154] Priority discharge mode: When using mixed batteries, the second type of battery discharges first, and the first type of battery is used as a backup power source.

[0155] Handover completion point: The moment when the voltage of a type of battery drops to near V_important, and the lithium battery fully takes over the load.

[0156] Float Voltage: The compensation voltage (usually slightly lower than the full voltage) used to maintain a fully charged battery.

[0157] Cut-off Voltage: The discharge termination protection voltage to prevent damage to the battery from over-discharge.

[0158] Discharge capacity factor: A correction factor for the usable capacity of a type of battery relative to lithium batteries (the actual usable capacity of lead-acid batteries is usually lower than the nominal value).

[0159] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides an electronic device, including a processor, a communication interface, a computer-readable storage medium, and a communication bus; wherein the processor, the communication interface, and the computer-readable storage medium communicate with each other through the communication bus, and the memory stores a computer program; when the computer program is executed by the processor, the discharge management method as described above is implemented.

[0160] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application.

[0161] In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. For parts not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0162] The parts not mentioned in the above embodiments are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies, and will not be further described here.

[0163] Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A modular power supply capable of using different types of batteries, characterized in that, The modular power supply includes a basic unit, and the basic unit is provided with: DC bus; The DC power distribution module is connected to the DC bus. At least one first-type battery access interface is connected to the DC bus via the DC power distribution module for direct connection of the first-type battery; At least one Type II battery access port; At least one bidirectional DC / DC module is detachably mounted at the second type of battery access port, with its input terminal for connecting to the second type of battery and its output terminal connected to the DC bus; The monitoring module is communicatively connected to the bidirectional DC / DC module; Both the first type of battery access interface and the second type of battery access port are provided with functional slots, and each functional slot has a unique address code. The monitoring module is configured to identify the battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device, and select and execute the corresponding discharge control strategy according to the battery type combination.

2. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional slot is equipped with resistors with different resistance values, and the resistance value of each resistor corresponds one-to-one with the address code of the functional slot.

3. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first type of battery access interface includes a battery switch slot and a battery terminal block; A DC switch is installed in the battery switch slot to control the circuit connection between the first type of battery and the DC bus. The battery terminal block is used for direct connection of the cable to the first type of battery.

4. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module is further configured as follows: When it is detected that only the first type of battery is connected, a voltage following strategy is executed to control the voltage of the DC bus to follow the natural voltage decay curve of the first type of battery; When it is detected that only the second type of battery is connected, a dynamic current sharing strategy based on capacity weight is executed, and the target discharge current is allocated to the corresponding bidirectional DC / DC module based on the effective capacity of each second type of battery.

5. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring module is further configured as follows: When both Type 1 and Type 2 batteries are detected to be connected simultaneously, a common discharge mode and a priority discharge mode are provided for selection and execution.

6. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, The modular power supply also includes a rectifier extension unit and / or a DC extension unit; The rectifier expansion unit is connected via a rectifier expansion interface provided on the basic unit, and is used to expand the AC input conversion capability of the system. The DC expansion unit is connected via a DC expansion interface on the base unit and is used to expand the number of DC load access points of the system.

7. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rectifier expansion unit integrates an AC surge protection component, which is a surge protection device capable of withstanding at least 20kA current pulse impact. The output end of the DC bus is integrated with a DC surge protection component, which is a surge protector capable of withstanding a current pulse impact of at least 15kA.

8. A modular power supply capable of using different batteries according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The first type of battery is a lead-acid battery or a lithium battery, and only one type of first type battery is connected at a time; the second type of battery is a lithium battery.

9. A discharge management method, applied to a modular power supply capable of using different batteries as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes: In response to a discharge command, the system identifies the current battery type combination by recognizing the address code of each functional slot and the type of connected device. Based on the identified combination of battery types, a corresponding target discharge control strategy is selected and executed from a variety of preset discharge control strategies to manage the battery's discharge process to the load.

10. A discharge management method according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the identified battery type combination is that both a first type of battery and a second type of battery are connected and a common discharge mode is selected, the target discharge control strategy includes: The first type of battery is controlled as a voltage reference source, so that the voltage of the DC bus follows its natural voltage decay curve; Each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is controlled to operate in voltage follower mode, so that its output voltage actively tracks the voltage of the DC bus. According to the preset current distribution rules, the output current of each bidirectional DC / DC module is dynamically adjusted so that the load current is shared by the first type of battery and each second type of battery.

11. A discharge management method according to claim 10, characterized in that, The dynamic adjustment of the output current of each of the bidirectional DC / DC modules is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Compare the actual output current of the bidirectional DC / DC module with the real-time target current; If the difference exceeds the preset current error threshold, the output voltage of the module is adjusted so that the actual output current approaches the real-time target current.

12. The discharge management method according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the identified type combination is that both a first type of battery and a second type of battery are connected and a priority discharge mode is selected, the target discharge control strategy includes multiple stages of timing control: Initial stage: Control the second type of battery to independently supply power to the load in constant voltage mode through the bidirectional DC / DC module; Switching trigger phase: When the total effective capacity of the second type of battery drops to a preset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is set to the important load voltage V_important; First type of battery takeover phase: After the switching trigger phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important; since the terminal voltage of the first type of battery is higher than V_important, the load is powered by the first type of battery through its direct connection to the DC bus; Handover Phase: When the terminal voltage of the first type of battery drops to the sum of V_important and a preset deviation value, the handover phase begins. During this phase, the bidirectional DC / DC module maintains its output voltage at V_important, while the terminal voltage of the first type of battery continues to decrease, causing the portion of the load current provided by the first type of battery to gradually decrease, and the portion provided by the second type of battery through the bidirectional DC / DC module to gradually increase accordingly. Handover completion stage: When the discharge current of the first type of battery drops to a preset current threshold close to zero, the load current is entirely provided by the second type of battery, and the handover is completed.

13. The discharge management method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Maintaining voltage stability in constant voltage mode during the initial stage is achieved through closed-loop feedback regulation, including: Calculate the average offset of the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module; If the average offset exceeds a preset voltage offset threshold, the output voltage of the bidirectional DC / DC module is adjusted to compensate.

14. An electronic device comprising a processor, a communication interface, a computer-readable storage medium, and a communication bus; wherein, The processor, communication interface, and computer-readable storage medium communicate with each other via a communication bus, and the memory stores a computer program; Its features are, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the discharge management method according to any one of claims 9-13.

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