Composite material anchor head structure with large deformation based on composite material pressure-bearing pipe

Abstract

The application discloses a composite material anchor rod large deformation anchor head structure based on a composite material pressure bearing pipe, which comprises an anchor bar, a pressure bearing pipe and a second pressure bearing tray. The anchor bar is a composite material piece. The anchor bar is connected with one end of an anchoring device. The pressure bearing pipe is a composite material piece and is sleeved outside the anchoring device. The pressure bearing pipe is configured to stably and axially crush and deform when axial load reaches a predetermined load. The first pressure bearing tray is located between the pressure bearing pipe and a structure to be anchored in the axial direction. The fixed nut is connected with the anchoring device. The second pressure bearing tray is located between the fixed nut and the pressure bearing pipe in the axial direction. The composite material anchor rod large deformation anchor head structure based on the composite material pressure bearing pipe can continuously provide supporting resistance and provide a deformation space for a rock-soil body which is far more than the axial elastic deformation capacity of the anchor bar itself, and has the advantages of good ductility, high reliability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of civil engineering technology, and more specifically, to a composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe. Background Technology

[0002] In slope reinforcement, mining, and tunnel support applications, anchor bolts are widely used as important load-bearing components to strengthen soil and rock masses and maintain the stability of engineering structures. Composite material anchor bolts have advantages such as being lightweight, high-strength, and corrosion-resistant, making them suitable for soil and rock environments with strong corrosive properties.

[0003] In areas with high ground stress soft rock, deep mining, or active tectonic activity, engineering rock and soil masses often undergo continuous and significant deformation.

[0004] In related technologies, composite material anchors often fail under such working conditions because the axial elastic deformation capacity of the composite anchor bar itself is limited and cannot coordinate the continuous deformation of the soil and rock. They often reach their strength limit quickly due to excessive elongation and break, thus causing the anchor system to fail. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a composite material anchor head structure with large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe. This composite material anchor head structure with large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe can provide deformation space to the rock and soil mass far exceeding the axial elastic deformation capacity of the anchor bar itself while continuously providing support resistance. It has the advantages of good ductility and high reliability.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, an embodiment of the present invention provides a large deformation anchor head structure for composite anchor bolts based on a composite pressure-bearing tube. The large deformation anchor head structure for composite anchor bolts based on a composite pressure-bearing tube includes: an anchor bar, which is a composite material component; an anchoring device connected to one end of the anchor bar; a pressure-bearing tube, which is also a composite material component and is sleeved outside the anchoring device, the pressure-bearing tube being configured to undergo stable axial crushing deformation when the axial load reaches a predetermined load; a first pressure-bearing tray, which is sleeved outside the anchor bar and axially located between the pressure-bearing tube and the structure to be anchored; a fixing nut, which is connected to the anchoring device; and a second pressure-bearing tray, which is sleeved outside the anchoring device and axially located between the fixing nut and the pressure-bearing tube.

[0007] The composite anchor head structure based on composite pressure-bearing pipe according to the present invention can provide deformation space for the rock and soil mass far exceeding the axial elastic deformation capacity of the anchor bar itself while continuously providing support resistance. It has the advantages of good ductility and high reliability.

[0008] In addition, the composite anchor head structure based on the composite pressure-bearing tube according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure-bearing pipe is configured to limit brittle failure and maintain axial load-bearing capacity after axial crushing deformation.

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the pressure-bearing pipe is a fiber-reinforced composite material and has a ply structure, the ply structure comprising at least: an oblique fiber layer, the oblique fiber layer being disposed obliquely to the circumference of the pressure-bearing pipe; and a circumferential fiber layer, the circumferential fiber layer extending along the circumference of the pressure-bearing pipe.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the pressure-bearing pipe is provided with a crushing guide structure, which is adapted to guide the crushing deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe to start from the end thereon.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the crushing guide structure includes one or more of a chamfer, a weakening groove, and a guide head formed at one end of the pressure-bearing pipe.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fixing nut is detachably connected to the anchoring device, and the second pressure-bearing tray and the pressure-bearing tube are detachably sleeved outside the anchoring device.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the second pressure-bearing tray includes two semicircular rings, which are detachably connected.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, both the first pressure-bearing tray and the second pressure-bearing tray are provided with positioning grooves on one end face facing the pressure-bearing pipe, and the two ends of the pressure-bearing pipe are respectively fitted into the two positioning grooves.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer diameter of the first pressure-bearing tray is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe, and the outer diameter of the second pressure-bearing tray is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the anchor bar is a fiber-reinforced composite material.

[0018] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a composite material anchor head structure with large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a composite material anchor head structure with large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure-bearing pipe based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe and a large deformation anchor head structure for a composite material anchor bolt, according to some embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] Figure reference numerals: Composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on composite material pressure-bearing pipe 1, anchor bar 10, anchoring device 20, pressure-bearing pipe 30, chamfer 31, weakening groove 32, guide head 33, first pressure-bearing tray 40, fixing nut 50, second pressure-bearing tray 60, structure to be anchored 2. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This application is based on the findings and understanding of the following facts and issues: In areas with high ground stress soft rock, deep mining, or active tectonic activity, engineering rock and soil masses often undergo continuous and significant deformation.

[0024] In related technologies, composite material anchors often fail under such working conditions because the axial elastic deformation capacity of the composite anchor bar itself is limited and cannot coordinate the continuous deformation of the soil and rock. They often reach their strength limit quickly due to excessive elongation and break, thus causing the anchor system to fail.

[0025] Steel anchor bolts in related technologies can provide a certain deformation space through microstructural modification of the reinforcing bars, plastic deformation of metal structural components, or frictional slippage. However, the technical solutions in these technologies rely on the plastic deformation of the steel anchor bolt itself or the metal structural components, and are not suitable for composite material anchor bolts that lack plastic deformation capacity and have relatively low lateral strength.

[0026] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes the large deformation anchor head structure of a composite anchor bolt based on a composite pressure-bearing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the composite material anchor head structure 1 based on the composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an anchor bar 10, an anchoring device 20, a pressure-bearing pipe 30, a first pressure-bearing tray 40, a fixing nut 50, and a second pressure-bearing tray 60.

[0031] Anchor bar 10 is a composite material component. Anchoring device 20 is connected to one end of anchor bar 10. Pressure-bearing pipe 30 is a composite material component, sleeved outside anchoring device 20, and constructed to undergo stable axial crushing deformation when the axial load reaches a predetermined load. First pressure-bearing tray 40 is sleeved outside anchor bar 10 and axially located between pressure-bearing pipe 30 and the structure 2 to be anchored. Fixing nut 50 is connected to anchoring device 20. Second pressure-bearing tray 60 is sleeved outside anchoring device 20 and axially located between fixing nut 50 and pressure-bearing pipe 30.

[0032] Specifically, "stable axial crushing deformation" refers to the limitation of brittle failure, where the axial load-bearing capacity is not suddenly lost after axial crushing deformation occurs. In other words, "stable axial crushing deformation" refers to the mechanical behavior in which axial compression failure occurs in a gradual, continuous, and controllable manner, and the load-bearing capacity remains relatively constant with small fluctuations within the compression stroke.

[0033] For example, when crushing deformation occurs, the end of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 undergoes local crushing deformation, which gradually develops along the pipe body, while the pressure-bearing pipe 30 as a whole can still maintain a stable axial load-bearing capacity during the process.

[0034] The cross-sectional shape of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 perpendicular to the axial direction is circular or polygonal.

[0035] The pressure tube 30 can be manufactured by processes such as pultrusion, winding or coiling.

[0036] The pressure-bearing tube 30 can adjust the stability of the initial crushing load, crushing platform force, and total energy absorption by adjusting the ply angle, ply sequence, and ply thickness, thereby matching different large deformation design requirements.

[0037] The second pressure-bearing tray 60 is adapted to transfer loads between the fixing nut 50 and the pressure-bearing tube 30.

[0038] The first pressure-bearing tray 40 is adapted to transfer loads between the pressure-bearing pipe 30 and the structure 2 to be anchored.

[0039] The anchoring device 20 can be mechanically connected and / or adhesively connected to the anchor bar 10. For example, the anchoring device 20 may have a conical cavity, and the end of the anchor bar 10 is fitted into the conical cavity and adhesively bonded to the anchoring device 20.

[0040] First, anchor holes are drilled in the soil and rock mass, and anchor bars 10 with anchoring devices 20 are installed to the designed depth and anchored. Then, the first pressure-bearing tray 40, the pressure-bearing pipe 30, and the second pressure-bearing tray 60 are sequentially fitted onto the anchor bars 10 and the anchoring devices 20, so that the first pressure-bearing tray 40 is tightly attached to the outer surface of the structure 2 to be anchored. Finally, preload is applied and fixing nuts 50 are installed to ensure tight contact between all components, forming a complete load transfer path.

[0041] When the soil and rock mass deforms, the load is transferred to the first pressure-bearing tray 40 through the anchoring structure 2, and then acts on the pressure-bearing pipe 30. As the load increases, when the axial pressure reaches the critical crushing load of the pressure-bearing pipe 30, the pressure-bearing pipe 30 begins to undergo gradual axial crushing deformation. During this process, the length of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 continuously shortens, while absorbing a large amount of energy, maintaining the support resistance within a relatively stable and reliable range, and achieving a coordinated unity between pressure-bearing support and large deformation.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a composite material anchor head structure 1 based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube for large deformation is constructed by setting a pressure-bearing tube 30, a first pressure-bearing tray 40, and a second pressure-bearing tray 60. The first pressure-bearing tray 40 is sleeved outside the anchor bar 10 and is axially located between the pressure-bearing tube 30 and the structure 2 to be anchored. The second pressure-bearing tray 60 is sleeved outside the anchoring device 20 and is axially located between the fixing nut 50 and the pressure-bearing tube 30. The pressure-bearing tube 30 is a composite material component, and its construction is suitable for stable axial crushing deformation when the axial load reaches a predetermined load. Compared to composite material anchors in related technologies, when the deformation of the soil and rock causes the anchor system to bear a predetermined load, the pressure-bearing pipe 30 can undergo stable axial crushing deformation. This process can provide a large amount of deformation space for the soil and rock by continuously shortening its own length while maintaining relatively stable support resistance. The controllable deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 can effectively absorb the deformation energy of the soil and rock, avoiding premature fracture of composite material anchors in related technologies due to their inability to coordinate the deformation of the soil and rock when large deformations occur. This significantly improves the ductility and reliability of the anchor system.

[0043] Therefore, although the material properties of the anchor bar 10 itself limit its deformation capacity, the composite material anchor head structure 1 based on the composite material pressure-bearing pipe, by setting the pressure-bearing pipe 30, the first pressure-bearing tray 40 and the second pressure-bearing tray 60, enables the anchor bar 10 to be connected in series with the pressure-bearing pipe 30 with constant resistance and large deformation capacity when bearing axial load, and to cooperate in bearing the force, thereby achieving the overall constant resistance and large deformation effect of the anchor system.

[0044] Therefore, the composite material anchor head structure 1 based on composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to the present invention can provide deformation space for the rock and soil mass that far exceeds the axial elastic deformation capacity of the anchor bar 10 itself while continuously providing support resistance, and has the advantages of good ductility and high reliability.

[0045] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a composite material anchor head structure 1 based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, which involves large deformation.

[0046] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-3As shown, the composite material anchor head structure 1 based on the composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an anchor bar 10, an anchoring device 20, a pressure-bearing pipe 30, a first pressure-bearing tray 40, a fixing nut 50, and a second pressure-bearing tray 60.

[0047] Specifically, the pressure-bearing pipe 30 is constructed to limit brittle fracture after axial crushing deformation while maintaining axial load-bearing capacity. This prevents the pressure-bearing pipe 30 from suddenly losing its load-bearing capacity after crushing deformation.

[0048] More specifically, the pressure-bearing pipe 30 is a fiber-reinforced composite material with a ply structure, which includes at least an oblique fiber layer and a circumferential fiber layer. The oblique fiber layer is inclined circumferentially to the pressure-bearing pipe 30. The circumferential fiber layer extends circumferentially along the pressure-bearing pipe 30. This allows the circumferential fiber layer to limit the radial deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe 30, maintain the stability of the pipe body shape, and prevent premature splitting failure. Furthermore, the oblique fiber layer gives the pressure-bearing pipe 30 excellent axial compressive strength and energy absorption performance. The synergistic effect of the oblique and circumferential fiber layers improves the stability of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 during the crushing deformation process, preventing sudden loss of the pressure-bearing capacity of the pressure-bearing pipe 30.

[0049] Figure 3 The diagram illustrates a composite anchor head construction 1 with a large deformation composite pressure-bearing tube based on some examples of the present invention, comprising a pressure-bearing tube 30. For example... Figure 3 As shown, one end of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 is provided with a crushing guide structure, which is adapted to guide the crushing deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 to start from that end. This allows the crushing deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 to start from that end and expand stably along the axial direction of the pressure-bearing pipe 30, avoiding irregular crushing patterns and ensuring the stability of the bearing capacity during the crushing process. Optionally, as... Figure 3 As shown, the crushing guide structure includes one or more of the following: a chamfer 31, a weakening groove 32, and a guide head 33 formed at one end of the pressure-bearing pipe 30. Specifically, the guide head 33 may include an inward portion and an outward end portion. The outer diameter of the inward portion is smaller than the inner diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 and extends into the pressure-bearing pipe 30. The outer diameter of the outward end portion is larger than the pressure-bearing pipe 30 and abuts against the end of the pressure-bearing pipe 30. This allows the crushing deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 to begin from its respective end.

[0050] Advantageously, the fixing nut 50 is detachably connected to the anchoring device 20, and the second pressure-bearing tray 60 and the pressure-bearing pipe 30 are detachably fitted onto the anchoring device 20. Specifically, the fixing nut 50 is threadedly connected to the anchoring device 20. By removing the fixing nut 50, the second pressure-bearing tray 60 and the pressure-bearing pipe 30 can be detached from the anchoring device 20, allowing the pressure-bearing pipe 30 to be replaced. Thus, if the deformation of the soil and rock mass is still unstable after the pressure-bearing pipe 30 has been fully compressed to its deformation limit, a new pressure-bearing pipe 30 can be replaced. This allows the anchor system to regain its large deformation capacity, thereby achieving a total deformation far exceeding the deformation limit of a single pressure-bearing pipe 30, providing an effective solution for dealing with extreme large deformation conditions.

[0051] Furthermore, the second pressure-bearing tray 60 includes two semicircular rings that are detachably connected. Specifically, the two semicircular rings can be detachably connected by threaded fasteners. This further facilitates the disassembly of the second pressure-bearing tray 60, thereby facilitating the disassembly and replacement of the pressure-bearing pipe 30.

[0052] More advantageously, both the first pressure-bearing tray 40 and the second pressure-bearing tray 60 have positioning grooves on their respective ends facing the pressure-bearing pipe 30, with the two ends of the pressure-bearing pipe 30 fitting into the two positioning grooves. This allows the positioning grooves to position the pressure-bearing pipe 30, preventing radial displacement, preventing radial force, limiting radial offset instability and damage, and improving system stability.

[0053] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the outer diameter of the first pressure-bearing tray 40 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe 30, and the outer diameter of the second pressure-bearing tray 60 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe 30. This facilitates the effective transfer of loads.

[0054] More specifically, the anchor bar 10 is made of fiber-reinforced composite material. This facilitates the improvement of the structural strength and corrosion resistance of the anchor bar 10, while also making it easier to control its weight.

[0055] Other components and operations of the composite material anchor head structure 1 based on the composite material pressure-bearing tube according to the present invention are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0056] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0057] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube, characterized in that, include: Anchor bars, wherein the anchor bars are composite material components; An anchoring device, wherein the anchoring device is connected to one end of the anchor bar; The pressure-bearing pipe is a composite material component. The pressure-bearing pipe is sleeved outside the anchoring device. The pressure-bearing pipe is constructed to be suitable for stable axial crushing deformation when the axial load reaches a predetermined load. The first pressure-bearing tray is sleeved outside the anchor bar and is located axially between the pressure-bearing pipe and the structure to be anchored. A fixing nut is connected to the anchoring device; The second pressure-bearing tray is sleeved outside the anchoring device and is located axially between the fixing nut and the pressure-bearing tube.

2. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-bearing pipe is designed to limit brittle fracture after axial crushing deformation and maintain axial load-bearing capacity.

3. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure-bearing pipe is a fiber-reinforced composite material with a ply structure, the ply structure comprising at least: An oblique fiber layer is provided at an angle to the circumference of the pressure-bearing pipe; A circumferential fiber layer that extends circumferentially along the pressure-bearing tube.

4. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the pressure-bearing pipe is provided with a crushing guide structure, which is adapted to guide the crushing deformation of the pressure-bearing pipe to start from that end.

5. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing guide structure includes one or more of a chamfer, a weakening groove, and a guide head formed at one end of the pressure-bearing pipe.

6. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing nut is detachably connected to the anchoring device, and the second pressure-bearing tray and the pressure-bearing pipe are detachably sleeved outside the anchoring device.

7. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pressure-bearing tray includes two semicircular rings that are detachably connected.

8. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pressure-bearing tray has a positioning groove on one end face facing the pressure-bearing pipe, and the second pressure-bearing tray has a positioning groove on one end face facing the pressure-bearing pipe. The two ends of the pressure-bearing pipe are respectively fitted into the two positioning grooves.

9. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the first pressure-bearing tray is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe, and the outer diameter of the second pressure-bearing tray is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the pressure-bearing pipe.

10. The composite material anchor head structure for large deformation based on a composite material pressure-bearing tube according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor bar is made of fiber-reinforced composite material.

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