A guided positioning high-temperature alloy forging device

Abstract

This invention provides a high-temperature alloy forging device with guiding and positioning, belonging to the technical field of forging devices. It includes a base; a forging mechanism mounted on the base; two sets of feed tables slidably connected to the base, located on both sides of the forging mechanism; two sets of discharge plates symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base; and two sets of positioning components mounted on the base, respectively located on the side of the two feed tables closest to the forging mechanism. Each positioning component includes a support ring, a positioning ring, and multiple positioning columns. The support ring is connected to the base, and the positioning ring has a sealed annular cavity filled with magnetorheological fluid. Multiple positioning columns are evenly distributed circumferentially along the positioning ring and pass through it. One end of each positioning column extends into the sealed annular cavity and contacts the magnetorheological fluid, while the other end abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece. An excitation coil is provided on the inner wall of the support ring. This device avoids workpiece deformation caused by uneven local stress.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forging equipment technology, and more specifically, to a high-temperature alloy forging device with guiding and positioning. Background Technology

[0002] High-temperature alloys are widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace and energy equipment due to their excellent high-temperature strength, oxidation resistance and creep resistance.

[0003] In the forging process of high-temperature alloy long shaft and long profile workpieces, traditional processing methods often use center jaws to clamp and position the workpiece. Due to the large length and relatively high weight of long profiles, the center jaws can only clamp and fix the two ends of the workpiece, leaving the middle in a suspended state. Under its own weight, the middle part of the workpiece is prone to downward bending deformation, resulting in problems such as axial sagging and center offset. At the same time, the stiffness of long profiles decreases at high temperatures. Under the combined action of external force transmission and forging impact, this sagging deformation will be further aggravated, leading to workpiece axial wobble and overall bending. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a high-temperature alloy forging device with guiding and positioning capabilities, thereby resolving the technical issues in the prior art where traditional devices for forging long profiles suffer from inaccurate positioning, poor fit, and a tendency to collapse and deform.

[0005] The purpose and effect of the high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning of the present invention are achieved by the following specific technical means: This invention provides a guiding and positioning high-temperature alloy forging device, comprising: Base; A forging mechanism is mounted on the base; Two sets of feed tables are slidably connected to the base, and the two sets of feed tables are located on both sides of the forging mechanism; Two sets of feeding plates are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base; Two sets of positioning components are disposed on the base and are respectively located on the side of the two sets of feed tables near the forging mechanism; The positioning component is used for workpiece rotation centering and forging center correction. The positioning component includes a support ring, a positioning ring, and multiple sets of positioning columns. The support ring is connected to the base, and the positioning ring is coaxially rotated and aligned within the support ring by a driving component. The positioning ring has a sealed annular cavity filled with magnetorheological fluid. Multiple sets of positioning posts are evenly distributed around the circumference of the positioning ring and pass through the positioning ring. One end of the positioning post extends into the sealed annular cavity and contacts the magnetorheological fluid, while the other end of the positioning post abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece. The inner wall of the support ring is provided with an excitation coil, which is used to adjust the stiffness of the magnetorheological fluid to lock the extension and retraction position of the positioning column.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning post is integrally formed by a locking section and an abutment section; The inner wall of the sealed annular cavity has multiple sets of piston chambers, the positioning post is located in the piston chamber, the locking section is provided with a piston at the end away from the abutment section, and a return spring for resetting the positioning post is sleeved on the locking section. The abutment section is provided with a positioning plate at the end away from the locking section. The two ends of the positioning plate are inclined to guide the workpiece through.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning plate is a composite structure, comprising: A substrate, wherein the substrate is fixedly connected to the abutting section of the positioning post; A heat insulation plate is disposed on the side of the substrate away from the positioning post to prevent the high temperature of forging from being transmitted to the positioning post and the magnetorheological fluid. A bonding plate is disposed on the side of the heat insulation plate away from the substrate; Multiple sets of through holes are evenly opened on the bonding plate, and telescopic contacts are installed in the through holes; The telescopic contact includes a contact top, a guide rod, and a compression spring; The guide rod is slidably fitted into the through hole, with one end elastically supported on the heat insulation plate by the compression spring, and the other end connected to the top of the contact and extending out of the bonding plate.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the driving component includes a worm gear transmission pair and a drive motor, and a pressure sensor is provided on the contact surface between the piston and the magnetorheological fluid; When the workpiece is in the positioning state, the drive motor drives the positioning ring to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair. The workpiece rotates with the positioning ring, generating a radially outward compressive force and pushing the positioning column to move radially. The positioning column compresses the magnetorheological fluid to form radial support pressure.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, when the radial support pressure values ​​monitored by multiple sets of pressure sensors all reach the set range, the excitation coil is energized to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid is instantaneously solidified and hardened under the action of the magnetic field to form a rigid positioning and locking structure for fixing the center position of the workpiece.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the forging mechanism includes a forging table, a stamping die, and two sets of hydrostatic dies; The stamping die is installed on the top of the forging table, and the forging table is equipped with a lifting anvil. The stamping die is used to stamp and forge the workpiece. The hydrostatic module is slidably disposed on the forging table, and the hydrostatic module is used to perform axial hydrostatic forging of the workpiece.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the hydrostatic module includes two sets of hydraulic cylinders, two sets of pressure rods, and a guide slide, wherein the two sets of hydraulic cylinders and the two sets of pressure rods are symmetrically arranged relative to the guide slide. The guide slide is slidably mounted on the forging table, and the side wall of the guide slide is provided with a circular or square guide hole. The pressure rod passes through the guide slide, and the hydraulic cylinders are symmetrically installed on the outside of the guide slide; One end of the pressure rod faces the center of the guide hole and is provided with a flat-headed hammer or an arc-shaped hammer. The other end of the pressure rod is fixedly connected to the drive end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the forging mechanism has two operating states: Static pressure state: The stamping die rises to its minimum stroke section, the lifting anvil descends into the forging table, and one set of the hydrostatic die moves laterally along the forging table to perform radial hydrostatic forging on the workpiece. At the same time, the positioning component drives the workpiece to rotate circumferentially to achieve uniform hydrostatic forging of the workpiece. Forging condition: The static pressure module moves along the length of the forging table to both sides of the lifting anvil. The lifting anvil rises to a preset height to support the workpiece, and the stamping module descends to perform stamping and forging on the workpiece.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the feed table includes an electric slide, a support frame, and a first hydraulic push rod; The electric slide is slidably connected to the base and is used to drive the workpiece to reciprocate along the length of the base. The support frame is mounted on the top of the electric slide table, and the first hydraulic push rod is mounted on the top of the support frame; A guide cylinder is fitted onto the support frame, and the top of the guide cylinder is connected to the drive end of the first hydraulic push rod. Both ends of the guide cylinder are provided with fixing rings, and multiple sets of second hydraulic push rods are provided on the periphery of both sets of fixing rings. The second hydraulic push rods on the coaxial axis of the two sets of fixing rings are provided with fixing strips.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the feeding plate is equipped with a lifting platform and a gantry frame; The lifting platform is provided with a positioning groove, and the positioning groove has a V-shaped cross-section. The gantry frame is equipped with a three-axis moving module, which is used for loading or unloading workpieces.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention solves the problems of inaccurate positioning and poor fit during the forging of long profiles by setting up a positioning component and a composite positioning structure. The device can fit the surface of the long profile workpiece through the telescopic contacts and composite heat insulation structure in the positioning component, avoiding the drawback of traditional central grippers that can only hold the two ends and the middle is suspended. This reduces problems such as long profile collapse and axis offset, improves the stability and accuracy of long profile positioning, avoids workpiece deformation caused by uneven local stress, improves the forming quality of long profile forging, reduces the defect rate, and enhances the device's positioning adaptability to long profiles.

[0016] 2. When using this device, the positioning ring is rotated by the drive component, and the pressure sensor monitors it in real time, which can realize the centering of long profiles and solve the problems of loose fit and large positioning deviation when using traditional center grippers. At the same time, the combination of composite heat insulation structure and telescopic contact can not only block the influence of high forging temperature on positioning components, but also ensure positioning stability through elastic reset structure, avoiding bending deformation of long profiles due to their own weight and high temperature, further improving the adaptability and practicality of the device, reducing the operation difficulty in the forging process of long profiles, and improving processing efficiency and product qualification rate. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the driving component of the invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning component of the invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the positioning plate of the invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the static pressure module and the stamping module of the invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the arc-shaped hammer head of the invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting structure of the flat-headed hammer of the invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the lifting anvil of the invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the guide tube of the invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing strip of the invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning column of the invention.

[0018] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and their corresponding reference numerals is as follows: 101. Base; 102. Feeding plate; 103. Lifting platform; 1031. Positioning groove; 104. Gantry frame; 105. Three-axis moving module; 201. Support ring; 202. Positioning ring; 203. Sealed annular cavity; 2031. Piston chamber; 204. Excitation coil; 205. Positioning column; 2051. Locking section; 2052. Abutment section; 2053. Piston; 206. Positioning plate; 2061. Base plate; 2062. Heat insulation plate; 2063. Bonding plate; 2064. Telescopic contact; 2065. Contact top; 2 066, Guide rod; 301, Worm gear transmission pair; 302, Drive motor; 303, Pressure sensor; 401, Forging table; 402, Stamping die; 403, Lifting anvil; 404, Static pressure die; 405, Guide slide; 406, Hydraulic cylinder; 407, Pressure rod; 408, Flat-headed hammer; 409, Arc-shaped hammer; 411, Guide hole; 501, Electric slide; 502, Support frame; 503, First hydraulic push rod; 504, Guide cylinder; 505, Fixing ring; 506, Second hydraulic push rod; 507, Fixing strip. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Example:

[0021] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the present invention provides a high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning, comprising: Base 101; A forging mechanism is mounted on base 101; Two sets of feed tables are slidably connected to the base 101, and the two sets of feed tables are located on both sides of the forging mechanism; Two sets of feeding plates 102 are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base 101; Two sets of positioning components are set on the base 101 and are respectively located on the side of the two feed tables near the forging mechanism; The positioning assembly is used for workpiece rotation centering and forging center correction. The positioning assembly includes a support ring 201, a positioning ring 202 and multiple sets of positioning columns 205. Among them, the support ring 201 is connected to the base 101, the positioning ring 202 rotates coaxially within the support ring 201 through a driving component, and the positioning ring 202 is provided with a sealed annular cavity 203, which is filled with magnetorheological fluid. Multiple sets of positioning posts 205 are evenly distributed around the positioning ring 202 and pass through the positioning ring 202. One end of the positioning post 205 extends into the closed annular cavity 203 and contacts the magnetorheological fluid, while the other end of the positioning post 205 abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece. The inner wall of the support ring 201 is provided with an excitation coil 204, which is used to adjust the stiffness of the magnetorheological fluid to lock the extension and retraction position of the positioning column 205.

[0022] Understandably, this device is mainly used for continuous forging and radial static pressing of long shafts and long profiles of high-temperature alloy workpieces. It is especially suitable for processing high-temperature alloy workpieces that are long, prone to collapse due to their own weight, and difficult to position due to irregular cross-sections. It can achieve full-process guidance, positioning and centering in workpiece conveying, rotation centering, static pressing and rounding and axial forging processes.

[0023] Specifically, during processing, the high-temperature alloy long profile workpiece is placed on one of the feeding plates 102. The workpiece is then conveyed to two sets of positioning components by sliding the feed table along the base 101. The drive unit is activated, causing the positioning ring 202 to rotate coaxially within the support ring 201 for centering. Simultaneously, the positioning ring 202 drives multiple sets of positioning posts 205 to rotate, with the end of the positioning post 205 furthest from the magnetorheological fluid abutting against the outer wall of the workpiece. Due to the long profile's tendency to collapse under its own weight and its irregular cross-section, the positioning post 205 will radially expand and contract under the workpiece's compressive force, compressing the magnetorheological fluid at one end of the post extending into the sealed annular cavity 203, thus forming a radial support force. When the positioning ring 202 rotates to the point where it is coaxial with the workpiece center and the forging center, the excitation coil 204 on the inner wall of the support ring 201 is energized to generate a magnetic field, controlling the instantaneous solidification and hardening of the magnetorheological fluid, locking the expansion and contraction position of the positioning post 205, achieving workpiece centering, and suppressing the collapse and axial displacement of the long profile. Subsequently, the forging mechanism is started, and the feed table moves the workpiece along the base 101 to ensure that the workpiece is always in the positioning center during the forging process. The entire process realizes rotational centering and forging center correction, which is suitable for the processing needs of long profiles and irregular cross-section workpieces. The structure is simplified and the operation is convenient, improving the forging positioning accuracy and processing stability.

[0024] The positioning post 205 is integrally formed by the locking section 2051 and the abutment section 2052; The inner wall of the sealed annular cavity 203 has multiple sets of piston chambers 2031. The positioning post 205 is located in the piston chamber 2031. The locking section 2051 is provided with a piston 2053 at the end away from the abutting section 2052. A reset spring for resetting the positioning post 205 is sleeved on the locking section 2051. The abutting section 2052 is provided with a positioning plate 206 at one end away from the locking section 2051. The two ends of the positioning plate 206 are inclined to guide the workpiece through.

[0025] Specifically, during the feeding and positioning process of the workpiece through the positioning assembly, the inclined structures at both ends of the positioning plate 206 guide the workpiece, allowing it to smoothly pass through the positioning area enclosed by multiple positioning plates 206, avoiding end jamming or collision. When the positioning ring 202 rotates for self-alignment, the outer wall of the workpiece pushes against the positioning plate 206, causing the contact section 2052 and the locking section 2051 to perform radial extension and retraction along the piston cavity 2031. The piston 2053 at the end of the locking section 2051 synchronously compresses the magnetorheological fluid in the sealed annular cavity 203, causing the return spring on the locking section 2051 to undergo elastic deformation. The multiple circumferentially evenly distributed positioning columns 205 can adaptively adjust their radial extension length according to the shape of the long profile workpiece and its own weight, ensuring that the positioning plate 206 always fits against the outer wall of the workpiece, guaranteeing balanced force distribution. After the workpiece center is aligned with the forging center, the excitation coil 204 is energized, causing the magnetorheological fluid to solidify and harden. The extension and retraction positions of the piston 2053 and the positioning pin 205 are rigidly locked, achieving stable centering and suppressing workpiece collapse and axial displacement. After forging is completed, the excitation coil 204 is de-energized, the magnetorheological fluid resumes its flow state, the return spring releases its elastic potential energy, and the positioning pin 205 automatically resets, preparing for the next workpiece pass-through positioning. The overall structure is reliable, ensuring positioning accuracy and improving the stability of continuous processing.

[0026] The positioning plate 206 is a composite structure, which includes: a base plate 2061, and the base plate 2061 is fixedly connected to the abutment section 2052 of the positioning post 205; Heat insulation plate 2062 is disposed on the side of substrate 2061 away from positioning post 205 to block the high temperature of forging from being transmitted to positioning post 205 and magnetorheological fluid. The bonding plate 2063 is disposed on the side of the heat insulation plate 2062 away from the substrate 2061; Multiple sets of through holes are evenly opened on the bonding plate 2063, and telescopic contacts 2064 are installed in the through holes; The telescopic contact 2064 includes a contact top 2065, a guide rod 2066, and a compression spring; The guide rod 2066 is slidably fitted in the through hole, one end of which is elastically supported on the heat insulation plate 2062 by a compression spring, and the other end is connected to the top of the contact 2065 and extends out of the bonding plate 2063.

[0027] Specifically, the positioning plate 206 adopts a composite structure. The base plate 2061 is fixedly connected to the abutment section 2052 of the positioning post 205, which can provide stable support for the positioning post 205 and prevent the positioning post 205 from shifting due to force, thus affecting the positioning accuracy. The heat insulation plate 2062 is sandwiched between the base plate 2061 and the bonding plate 2063, blocking the high temperature generated during forging and preventing the high temperature from being transmitted to the positioning post 205 and the magnetorheological fluid, thus avoiding affecting the positioning effect and the service life of the equipment. The through holes on the bonding plate 2063 correspond one-to-one with the telescopic contacts 2064. The guide rod 2066 can slide freely in the through holes. One end of the guide rod is connected to the top of the contact head 2065, and the other end is elastically connected to the heat insulation plate 2062 through a compression spring. When the workpiece contacts the top of the contact head 2065, the top of the contact head 2065 is subjected to pressure, which drives the guide rod 2066 to move. The compression spring undergoes elastic deformation to adapt to the shape contour of the workpiece, ensuring that the top of the contact head 2065 fits the workpiece. Regardless of whether the workpiece surface is flat or has shape deviation, the telescopic contact 2064 can achieve adaptive adjustment through the elastic extension and contraction of the compression spring, ensuring that the top of each contact 2065 can contact the workpiece surface, with uniform force, avoiding local suspension or uneven pressure. At the same time, in conjunction with the rotational self-alignment of the positioning component, the positioning accuracy is further improved, reducing the problem of workpiece collapse and offset, and adapting to the positioning needs of long profiles.

[0028] The driving components include a worm gear transmission pair 301 and a drive motor 302, and a pressure sensor 303 is provided on the contact surface between the piston 2053 and the magnetorheological fluid. When the workpiece is in the positioning state, the drive motor 302 drives the positioning ring 202 to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair 301. The workpiece rotates with the positioning ring 202, generating a radially outward compressive force that pushes the positioning post 205 to move radially. The positioning post 205 compresses the magnetorheological fluid to form radial support pressure. When the radial support pressure values ​​monitored by multiple pressure sensors 303 all reach the set range, the excitation coil 204 is energized to generate a magnetic field. Under the action of the magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid instantly solidifies and hardens, forming a rigid positioning and locking structure to fix the center position of the workpiece.

[0029] Understandably, the above process is based on the principle of rigid body rotation stability around its center of mass to achieve automatic centering of the workpiece. The detailed breakdown of the device structure is as follows: The core of the principle of rigid body rotation stability around its center of mass is that when there is no external torque interference, the rigid body will always maintain a uniform rotation around its own center of mass, and the axis of rotation will spontaneously tend to pass through the principal axis of inertia of the rigid body's center of mass, thereby achieving stability of the rotational posture. If the axis of rotation of a rigid body does not coincide with its center of mass (i.e., there is eccentricity), centrifugal force will be generated. This centrifugal force will produce a corrective torque on the rigid body, forcing it to adjust its posture until the axis of rotation coincides with the center of mass, achieving the most stable rotational state. This device utilizes this principle, driving the workpiece to rotate through the positioning ring 202, and combining it with the positioning column 205, pressure sensor 303, and other structures to achieve automatic centering of long profile workpieces.

[0030] Specifically, the high-temperature alloy long profile workpiece to be processed can be regarded as a rigid body. When initially placed, due to its long length, tendency to collapse under its own weight, or irregular shape, there is often an eccentricity problem where the center of mass does not coincide with the rotation center of the positioning ring 202 (i.e., the forging center). At this time, the workpiece is in an unstable rotational state. When the drive motor 302 drives the positioning ring 202 to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair 301, the positioning ring 202 abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece through the positioning pin 205 and the positioning plate 206, thereby driving the workpiece to rotate together. At this time, the workpiece enters the rotation process around the rotation center of the positioning ring 202. Because the workpiece is initially eccentric, it will generate a radially outward centrifugal force when rotating, and the magnitude of the centrifugal force is proportional to the eccentricity. The distance from the center of mass on the eccentric side to the axis of rotation is greater, and the centrifugal force generated is stronger. This will generate a greater radial compressive force on the positioning post 205 on that side, pushing the positioning post 205 to move along the piston cavity 2031 towards the closed annular cavity 203. The piston 2053 compresses the magnetorheological fluid, and the pressure sensor 303 at the corresponding position will collect a higher pressure signal. The distance from the center of mass to the rotation axis on the non-eccentric side is smaller, resulting in weaker centrifugal force and less compressive force on the positioning post 205. Consequently, the magnetorheological fluid compressibility is low, and the pressure sensor 303 collects a lower pressure signal. Simultaneously, the return spring on the locking section 2051 of the positioning post 205 provides a reverse elastic return force, which works in conjunction with the rheological resistance of the magnetorheological fluid, enabling the positioning post 205 to adaptively extend and retract radially according to the magnitude of the centrifugal force. The telescopic contacts 2064 on the positioning plate 206 are adjusted by the elasticity of the compression spring to fit the outer contour of the workpiece, ensuring that each contact can fit with the workpiece, avoiding uneven centrifugal force transmission caused by local suspension, and ensuring that the centrifugal force can act on the positioning column 205.

[0031] Based on the principle of rigid body rotational stability around its center of mass, the workpiece will spontaneously tend towards the most stable rotational state during continuous rotation—that is, the rotation axis coincides with its own center of mass. Therefore, under the corrective torque generated by centrifugal force, the workpiece will gradually adjust its posture, and the eccentricity will continuously decrease: the centrifugal force on the originally eccentric side will gradually weaken with the posture adjustment, while the centrifugal force on the non-eccentric side will gradually increase, and the compressive force on each positioning post 205 will gradually tend to be balanced. When multiple pressure sensors 303 (PT124G-210 high-temperature diffused silicon pressure sensors can be used) continuously monitor the radial support pressure values ​​at each circumferential point within the set range and remain stable without fluctuation, it indicates that the center of mass of the workpiece has completely coincided with the rotation center (forging center) of the positioning ring 202, and the workpiece has achieved stable rotation around its own center of mass, completing automatic centering. At this time, the excitation coil 204 on the inner wall of the support ring 201 is energized to generate a strong magnetic field. The magnetorheological fluid instantly solidifies and hardens, rigidly locking the extension and retraction position of the positioning column 205, fixing the centering state of the workpiece, and ensuring that the workpiece always rotates stably around its own center of mass during the subsequent forging process. This suppresses the collapse and axial displacement of the long profile caused by its own weight and forging impact, and ensures forging accuracy.

[0032] It should be noted that the pressure sensor 303 of this device uses a conductive slip ring for power supply and signal transmission. The stator end of the conductive slip ring is fixed to the inner wall of the support ring 201, and the rotor end rotates synchronously with the positioning ring 202. The stator and rotor achieve stable transmission of electrical energy and detection signals through sliding contact, which can meet the power requirements of the pressure sensor 303 under continuous rotation of the positioning ring 202. This power supply method is a conventional technical means for powering rotating parts in this field, and therefore is not shown in the accompanying drawings and will not be described further here.

[0033] The aforementioned setting range specifically refers to the average standard pressure value corresponding to each circumferential positioning support point obtained after the equipment has been tested and calibrated in advance based on the shape and specifications of the workpiece to be processed, its overall weight, radial dimensions, the equipment's preset rotation speed, and the actual forging process parameters on site, as well as the allowable upper and lower fluctuation error value of the standard pressure value; during the automatic centering adjustment of the workpiece, the difference between the measured pressure value collected in real time by all pressure sensors and the average standard pressure value obtained from the calibration of the corresponding points is all within the preset fluctuation error range, and the pressure value has no instantaneous change or continuous deviation. This value range is the stable and qualified pressure value range for determining that the workpiece is centered in place.

[0034] For example, the average standard pressure corresponding to each of the above positioning support points is determined by first calibrating the equipment under no-load zero point to eliminate the detection deviation caused by the vibration of the equipment itself and the weight of the structure. Then, a standard sample with the same specifications, material and weight as the workpiece to be processed is selected, and the automatic centering adjustment is completed according to the preset rotation speed and the sample is in a stable rotation state. Pressure detection data at each point is collected multiple times, and the arithmetic mean is calculated after removing abnormal fluctuation values. At the same time, the value is adapted and corrected in combination with the on-site forging process conditions. Finally, the value is determined, and this value can be flexibly recalibrated according to the actual processing conditions.

[0035] For example, under stable conditions at the same support point, the pressure values ​​measured sequentially are 7.9MPa, 8.0MPa, 8.1MPa, 8.0MPa, and 7.9MPa. The arithmetic mean calculated is 7.98MPa. This value is set as the standard average pressure for the corresponding point of this workpiece specification. Combined with a preset floating error range, the centering determination can be completed. The allowable fluctuation is set to ±3%. In practical applications, a new standard average pressure can be recalculated based on the workpiece length, wall thickness difference, and rotation speed, and is not limited to the value calibrated in this test.

[0036] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the forging mechanism includes a forging table 401, a stamping die 402, and two sets of hydrostatic dies 404; The stamping die 402 is installed on the top of the forging table 401. The forging table 401 is equipped with a lifting anvil 403. The stamping die 402 is used to stamp and forge the workpiece. The hydrostatic module 404 is slidably mounted on the forging table 401. The hydrostatic module 404 is used to perform axial hydrostatic forging on the workpiece.

[0037] The static pressure module 404 includes two sets of hydraulic cylinders 406, two sets of pressure rods 407 and a guide slide 405. The two sets of hydraulic cylinders 406 and the two sets of pressure rods 407 are symmetrically arranged relative to the guide slide 405. The guide slide 405 is slidably mounted on the forging table 401, and the side wall of the guide slide 405 is provided with a circular or square guide hole 411. The pressure rod 407 is inserted through the guide slide 405, and the hydraulic cylinder 406 is symmetrically installed on the outside of the guide slide 405. One end of the pressure rod 407 faces the center of the guide hole 411 and is provided with a flat-headed hammer 408 or an arc-shaped hammer 409. The other end of the pressure rod 407 is fixedly connected to the drive end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder 406.

[0038] Specifically, the forging mechanism integrates stamping forging and radial hydrostatic forging functions, and can switch working modes according to the processing steps of high-temperature alloy long profiles. The stamping die 402 is installed on the top of the forging table 401, and works with the lifting anvil 403 inside the forging table 401 to achieve vertical stamping forging of the workpiece. The lifting anvil 403 can be adjusted in vertical height to provide stable support for long profiles with different outer diameters. Two sets of hydrostatic dies 404 can slide and move on the forging table 401 to adapt to the processing requirements of different axial positions of the workpiece. The hydrostatic die 404 uses the guide slide 405 as a support carrier, and the guide hole 411 on its side wall forms a radial limit for the workpiece to prevent the workpiece from swaying during the hydrostatic process. Two sets of hydraulic cylinders 406 and pressure rods 407 are symmetrically arranged. The hydraulic cylinders 406 act as a power source to drive the pressure rods 407 to make radial feed movements along the guide slide 405. The flat-headed hammers 408 or arc-shaped hammers 409 at the ends of the pressure rods 407 can match the cross-sectional shape of the workpiece and apply radial pressure to the outer wall of the workpiece. In the static pressure straightening process, the symmetrically arranged hydraulic cylinders 406 and pressure rods 407 can ensure balanced radial force. Together with the positioning components, they drive the workpiece to rotate, so that the static pressure is evenly distributed along the circumference of the workpiece, correcting the shape error of the long profile caused by its own weight collapse and eccentricity. When switching to stamping and forging, the static pressure module 404 can slide along the forging table 401 to both sides of the lifting anvil 403 to avoid obstacles. The lifting anvil 403 rises to support the workpiece, and the stamping module 402 descends to complete the forging operation. The two modes work together to achieve multiple forms of forging processing.

[0039] The forging mechanism has two working states: static pressure state: the stamping module 402 rises to the minimum stroke section, the lifting anvil 403 descends into the forging table 401, one set of static pressure modules 404 moves laterally along the forging table 401 to perform radial static pressure forging on the workpiece, and at the same time, the positioning component drives the workpiece to rotate circumferentially to achieve uniform static pressure forging of the workpiece. Forging state: The static pressure module 404 moves along the length of the forging table 401 to both sides of the lifting anvil 403. The lifting anvil 403 rises to a preset height to support the workpiece, and the stamping module 402 descends to perform stamping and forging on the workpiece.

[0040] Traditional forging processes typically employ a method of driving the workpiece to move and rotate to achieve circumferential processing. During the active movement of long profile workpieces, they are prone to collapsing under their own weight or loosening of the clamps, leading to a continuous misalignment between the rotation center and the forging center. This inability to maintain centering results in uneven stress and poor forming accuracy. This device fundamentally avoids this problem by using a dual-state switching mechanism for the forging mechanism in conjunction with a positioning component for locking and centering. In the static pressure state, the stamping module 402 rises and retracts, while the lifting anvil 403 descends to avoid obstruction. One set of static pressure modules 404 moves laterally to the workpiece position for radial static pressure forging. The workpiece is only driven by the positioning component to perform stable circumferential rotation, and its center is always locked in place, preventing eccentric wobbling and thus achieving uniform circumferential static pressure shaping. During the forging process, the static pressure module 404 moves along the length of the forging table 401 to both sides of the lifting anvil 403 to avoid it. The lifting anvil 403 rises to support the workpiece, and the stamping module 402 descends to complete the stamping forging. The position of the workpiece remains fixed throughout the process, and the center no longer changes frequently due to its own movement. This ensures that the center of the long profile is stable and the axis is not deviated during the entire forging process, thereby improving the forging accuracy and forming quality.

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figures 8 to 9 As shown, the feed table includes an electric slide 501, a support frame 502, and a first hydraulic push rod 503; The electric slide table 501 is slidably connected to the base 101 and is used to drive the workpiece to reciprocate along the length of the base 101. The support frame 502 is mounted on the top of the electric slide table 501, and the first hydraulic push rod 503 is mounted on the top of the support frame 502; A guide cylinder 504 is sleeved on the support frame 502, and the top of the guide cylinder 504 is connected to the drive end of the first hydraulic push rod 503; Both ends of the guide cylinder 504 are provided with fixing rings 505. Multiple sets of second hydraulic push rods 506 are provided around the two sets of fixing rings 505. The second hydraulic push rods 506 on the coaxial axis of the two sets of fixing rings 505 are provided with fixing strips 507.

[0042] Specifically, traditional feeding devices often use a single clamping structure to move the workpiece. Long workpieces are prone to wobbling during feeding due to unstable clamping and uneven force. Furthermore, when the workpiece moves actively, its center position easily shifts with the feeding action, affecting subsequent positioning and forging accuracy. This device's feeding table achieves stable workpiece transport while maintaining a constant center position through the coordinated operation of multiple components. The electric slide table 501 is slidably connected to the base 101, serving as the power carrier for the feeding motion. It drives the entire feeding table and workpiece to move smoothly back and forth along the length of the base 101, transporting the workpiece to the positioning assembly or forging mechanism, adapting to the positional requirements of different forging processes. The support frame 502 is fixed to the top of the electric slide table 501, providing stable support for the first hydraulic push rod 503 and the guide cylinder 504, ensuring coordinated operation of all components. The first hydraulic push rod 503 is installed on the top of the support frame 502 and can drive the guide cylinder 504 to move up and down along the support frame 502 to adjust the height of the workpiece and keep it aligned with the center of the positioning component and the forging mechanism, thus avoiding inaccurate positioning caused by height deviation. The guide cylinder 504 is sleeved on the support frame 502 and serves as a guide and limiter to prevent the guide cylinder 504 from swaying during lifting. The fixing rings 505 at both ends of the guide cylinder 504 are used to install the second hydraulic push rods 506. Multiple sets of second hydraulic push rods 506 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the fixing rings 505, and the second hydraulic push rods 506 on the coaxial axis of the two sets of fixing rings 505 are correspondingly connected to the fixing bars 507. When the workpiece is placed between the two sets of fixing rings 505, the second hydraulic push rods 506 extend and retract synchronously, driving the fixing bars 507 to clamp the workpiece from both sides, thereby clamping the long profile workpiece and preventing the workpiece from sliding or shaking during the feeding process.

[0043] Meanwhile, the symmetrically arranged fixing bars 507 can ensure balanced clamping force, prevent the workpiece from being crushed by excessive clamping or the workpiece from shifting due to excessive clamping. Together with the smooth movement of the electric slide table 501, it ensures that the center position of the workpiece remains stable throughout the entire feeding process, providing a guarantee for subsequent positioning and forging accuracy.

[0044] The material feeding plate 102 is equipped with a lifting platform 103 and a gantry frame 104; A positioning groove 1031 is provided on the lifting platform 103, and the positioning groove 1031 has a V-shaped cross section; The gantry frame 104 is equipped with a three-axis moving module 105, which is used for loading or unloading workpieces.

[0045] Specifically, the unloading plate 102 serves as a transitional support structure for workpiece loading and unloading. The lifting platform 103 on it cooperates with the gantry frame 104 to complete the initial positioning and conveying of the workpiece. The V-shaped positioning groove 1031 on the lifting platform 103 guides the workpiece to a position close to the axis of the device during placement, preventing initial workpiece offset and laying the foundation for subsequent positioning. The gantry frame 104 is fixed to the unloading plate 102, and its three-axis moving module 105 can be adjusted to align with the workpiece, achieving automated loading and unloading operations without manual workpiece handling. Traditional manual handling is not only labor-intensive but also prone to workpiece collisions and offsets due to improper operation, even causing surface damage or center offset, affecting subsequent positioning accuracy. This device, through the automated operation of the three-axis moving module 105, can grasp the workpiece and convey it to the designated processing position, while avoiding collisions and positional offsets caused by manual handling. In conjunction with the centering function of the positioning components, it ensures that the center position of the workpiece remains stable during the loading and unloading process, thus meeting the processing requirements of long profile workpieces.

[0046] Detailed implementation of this embodiment: Before the workpiece is processed, the three-axis moving module 105 on the gantry 104 first completes the gripping and loading of the workpiece, and places the high-temperature alloy long profile workpiece on the lifting platform 103 of the feeding plate 102. The V-shaped positioning groove 1031 of the lifting platform 103 guides the workpiece according to its own contour, so that the workpiece is roughly in the center of the lifting platform 103, and completes the rough positioning of the loading stage.

[0047] Then the feed table is started, and the electric slide table 501 moves along the length of the base 101, conveying the support frame 502, guide cylinder 504 and clamping assembly to the corresponding position of the workpiece; The first hydraulic push rod 503 drives the guide cylinder 504 to rise and fall, adjusting the coaxial height of the fixing ring 505 and the workpiece. Simultaneously, the circumferentially distributed second hydraulic push rods 506 extend, driving the coaxial fixing bars 507 to clamp both ends of the workpiece, ensuring balanced clamping force while maintaining the workpiece's initial centering posture. The electric slide table 501 then actuates again, conveying the clamped workpiece along the base 101 between the two sets of positioning components, completing the feed conveying.

[0048] After entering the positioning process, the drive motor 302 drives the positioning ring 202 to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair 301. The workpiece rotates synchronously with the positioning ring 202. Based on the principle of rigid body rotational stability around the center of mass, the workpiece, which is initially eccentric or has slumped, spontaneously corrects its posture under the action of rotational centrifugal force. The circumferentially distributed positioning columns 205 cooperate with the telescopic contacts 2064 on the positioning plate 206 to adaptively extend and retract radially, fitting against the outer wall of the workpiece and transmitting radial support pressure. The pressure sensor 303 at the end of the piston 2053 collects pressure data in all directions. When the circumferential pressure value tends to reach the set range, it indicates that the center of mass of the workpiece coincides with the rotation center of the positioning ring 202. The excitation coil 204 is energized to instantly solidify the magnetorheological fluid, locking the position of the positioning column 205 and realizing the rigid centering of the workpiece.

[0049] Two working states can be switched during the forging stage: In the static pressure state, the stamping module 402 moves upward and retracts, the lifting anvil 403 moves downward to avoid it, and a set of static pressure modules 404 moves laterally along the forging table 401 to the workpiece position. The hydraulic cylinder 406 drives the pressure rod 407 and the hammer head to feed radially, and in conjunction with the positioning component, drives the workpiece to rotate at a uniform speed to achieve circumferential uniform static pressure shaping. In the forging state, the static pressure module 404 slides to both sides of the lifting anvil 403 to avoid it. The lifting anvil 403 rises to support the workpiece, and the stamping module 402 descends to complete the stamping and forging. The center of the workpiece remains fixed throughout the process to avoid center displacement caused by the active movement of the workpiece.

[0050] After processing, the excitation coil 204 is de-energized, the magnetorheological fluid resumes its flow state, the reset spring drives the positioning column 205 to reset, the feed table transports the workpiece to the unloading plate 102 area, the three-axis moving module 105 completes the workpiece unloading, and the lifting platform 103 cooperates to receive the workpiece, thus completing the overall guiding, positioning and forging processing of a long profile workpiece.

[0051] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guided positioning superalloy forging apparatus, characterized by, include: Base (101); A forging mechanism is provided on the base (101); Two sets of feed tables are slidably connected to the base (101), and the two sets of feed tables are located on both sides of the forging mechanism; Two sets of feeding plates (102) are symmetrically arranged at both ends of the base (101); Two sets of positioning components are disposed on the base (101) and are respectively located on the side of the two sets of feed tables near the forging mechanism; The positioning component is used for workpiece rotation centering and forging center correction. The positioning component includes a support ring (201), a positioning ring (202), and multiple sets of positioning columns (205). The support ring (201) is connected to the base (101), and the positioning ring (202) is coaxially rotated and aligned within the support ring (201) by a driving member. The positioning ring (202) is provided with a sealed annular cavity (203), which is filled with magnetorheological fluid. Multiple sets of positioning posts (205) are evenly distributed around the positioning ring (202) and pass through the positioning ring (202). One end of the positioning post (205) extends into the sealed annular cavity (203) and contacts the magnetorheological fluid, while the other end of the positioning post (205) abuts against the outer wall of the workpiece. The inner wall of the support ring (201) is provided with an excitation coil (204) for adjusting the stiffness of the magnetorheological fluid to lock the extension and retraction position of the positioning column (205).

2. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning post (205) is integrally formed by the locking section (2051) and the abutment section (2052); The inner wall of the sealed annular cavity (203) has multiple sets of piston chambers (2031), the positioning post (205) is located in the piston chamber (2031), the locking section (2051) is provided with a piston (2053) at the end away from the abutment section (2052), and a reset spring for resetting the positioning post (205) is sleeved on the locking section (2051); The abutting section (2052) is provided with a positioning plate (206) at the end away from the locking section (2051). The two ends of the positioning plate (206) are inclined to guide the workpiece through.

3. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning plate (206) is a composite structure, comprising: The substrate (2061) is fixedly connected to the abutting section (2052) of the positioning post (205); A heat insulation plate (2062) is disposed on the side of the substrate (2061) away from the positioning post (205) to block the transmission of high forging temperature to the positioning post (205) and the magnetorheological fluid; A bonding plate (2063) is disposed on the side of the heat insulation plate (2062) away from the substrate (2061); Multiple sets of through holes are evenly opened on the bonding plate (2063), and telescopic contacts (2064) are installed in the through holes. The telescopic contact (2064) includes a contact top (2065), a guide rod (2066), and a compression spring; The guide rod (2066) is slidably fitted in the through hole, one end of which is elastically supported on the heat insulation plate (2062) by the compression spring, and the other end is connected to the top of the contact (2065) and extends out of the bonding plate (2063).

4. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving component includes a worm gear transmission pair (301) and a drive motor (302), and a pressure sensor (303) is provided on the contact surface between the piston (2053) and the magnetorheological fluid. When the workpiece is in the positioning state, the drive motor (302) drives the positioning ring (202) to rotate through the worm gear transmission pair (301). The workpiece rotates with the positioning ring (202) to generate radial outward extrusion force and push the positioning column (205) to move radially. The positioning column (205) compresses the magnetorheological fluid to form radial support pressure.

5. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the radial support pressure values ​​detected by multiple pressure sensors (303) all reach the set range, the excitation coil (204) is energized to generate a magnetic field, and the magnetorheological fluid is instantly solidified and hardened under the action of the magnetic field to form a rigid positioning and locking structure for fixing the center position of the workpiece.

6. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forging mechanism includes a forging table (401), a stamping module (402), and two sets of hydrostatic modules (404). The stamping die (402) is installed on the top of the forging table (401), and the forging table (401) is provided with a lifting anvil (403). The stamping die (402) is used to stamp and forge the workpiece. The hydrostatic module (404) is slidably disposed on the forging table (401), and the hydrostatic module (404) is used to perform axial hydrostatic forging on the workpiece.

7. The high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 6, characterized in that: The static pressure module (404) includes two sets of hydraulic cylinders (406), two sets of pressure rods (407) and a guide slide (405). The two sets of hydraulic cylinders (406) and the two sets of pressure rods (407) are arranged symmetrically relative to the guide slide (405). The guide slide (405) is slidably disposed on the forging table (401), and the side wall of the guide slide (405) is provided with a circular or square guide hole (411). The pressure rod (407) passes through the guide slide (405), and the hydraulic cylinder (406) is symmetrically installed on the outside of the guide slide (405); One end of the pressure rod (407) faces the center of the guide hole (411) and is provided with a flat-headed hammer (408) or an arc-shaped hammer (409). The other end of the pressure rod (407) is fixedly connected to the drive end of the corresponding hydraulic cylinder (406).

8. A guided positioning superalloy forging device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The forging mechanism has two working states: Static pressure state: The stamping die (402) rises to the minimum stroke section, the lifting anvil (403) descends into the forging table (401), and one set of the hydrostatic die (404) moves laterally along the forging table (401) to perform radial hydrostatic forging on the workpiece. At the same time, the positioning component drives the workpiece to rotate circumferentially to achieve uniform hydrostatic forging of the workpiece. Forging condition: The static pressure module (404) moves along the length of the forging table (401) to both sides of the lifting anvil (403). The lifting anvil (403) rises to a preset height to support the workpiece, and the stamping module (402) descends to perform stamping and forging on the workpiece.

9. A high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed table includes an electric slide (501), a support frame (502), and a first hydraulic push rod (503). The electric slide (501) is slidably connected to the base (101) and is used to drive the workpiece to reciprocate along the length direction of the base (101); The support frame (502) is mounted on the top of the electric slide table (501), and the first hydraulic push rod (503) is mounted on the top of the support frame (502); A guide cylinder (504) is sleeved on the support frame (502), and the top of the guide cylinder (504) is connected to the driving end of the first hydraulic push rod (503). Both ends of the guide cylinder (504) are provided with fixing rings (505), and multiple sets of second hydraulic push rods (506) are provided around the two sets of fixing rings (505). The second hydraulic push rods (506) on the two sets of fixing rings (505) are provided with fixing strips (507) on the coaxial second hydraulic push rods (506).

10. A high-temperature alloy forging device for guidance and positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding plate (102) is equipped with a lifting platform (103) and a gantry frame (104). The lifting platform (103) is provided with a positioning groove (1031), and the positioning groove (1031) has a V-shaped cross section; The gantry (104) is equipped with a three-axis moving module (105), which is used to load or unload workpieces.

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