Mechanical grab for dismounting bearings and pulleys

Abstract

The application provides a mechanical grab for disassembling a bearing and a pulley, and relates to the field of mechanical equipment maintenance, and comprises an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises two wire tongs, handle heads of the two wire tongs are processed with grooves to form grab hooks, the two wire tongs are cross combined at a connecting shaft and are drilled, and are fixed in two clamping plates of a fixing device through bolts and nuts; a jaw end of one wire tong is provided with a threaded hole, a full-thread bolt is arranged in the threaded hole; the fixing device comprises two clamping plates, holes are arranged on the two clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are connected with the adjusting mechanism through bolts; a screw rod is welded at the other end of the two steel plates, a baffle is welded on the screw rod; a sliding hammer is sleeved on the screw rod and is used for impacting the baffle to generate an axial disassembling force; and the application further comprises a combined opening device, the combined opening device is detachably connected with the screw rod through a connecting rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment maintenance, and more particularly to a mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys. Background Technology

[0002] In mechanical equipment, bearings are the joints, their core function being to support rotating shafts and reduce frictional resistance during rotation, while also bearing radial, axial, or combined loads transmitted by the shaft. Meanwhile, pulleys are key components of belt drive systems, working in conjunction with conveyor belts, V-belts, etc., to transmit power, and are widely used in mining conveyors, fans, and pumps.

[0003] If a bearing seizes up or breaks, the rotating shaft will not operate normally, directly causing the machinery to stop. Wear, cracking, or deformation of the pulley grooves can cause the belt to slip or fall off, preventing effective power transmission, reducing equipment speed, or causing it to stop completely, thus affecting the operation of mining machinery.

[0004] In traditional maintenance operations, bearings, bearing outer rings, and pulleys are disassembled by hammering or flame cutting. Improper operation can easily damage components such as shafts, bearing housings, and pulleys. Purchasing specialized tools is time-consuming and sometimes insufficient for on-site needs, resulting in prolonged equipment downtime during disassembly and further extending the overall maintenance time. Furthermore, traditional operating methods pose significant safety hazards, having led to numerous disassembly accidents that have resulted in operator injuries, component damage, and severely reduced equipment uptime, directly impacting mine production continuity and the company's capacity and economic benefits.

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, a mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys is provided to ensure operational safety, improve operational efficiency, and reduce the labor intensity of workers. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides a mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys, which solves the problems of easy damage to parts, high operational risks, long equipment downtime, and low maintenance efficiency caused by relying on hammering or flame cutting to disassemble bearings, bearing outer rings, and pulleys in the prior art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys includes an adjustment mechanism comprising two wire cutters. The handles of the two wire cutters have grooves machined into their heads to form gripping hooks. The two wire cutters are crosswise and joined together at a connecting shaft, drilled, and fixed to two clamping plates of a fixing device by bolts and nuts. One of the wire cutters has a threaded hole at its jaw end, into which a fully threaded bolt is installed. The fixing device includes two clamping plates with holes for connection to the adjustment mechanism via bolts. A screw is welded to the other end of the two plates, and a baffle is welded to the screw. A sliding hammer is fitted onto the screw for striking the baffle to generate an axial disassembly force. It also includes a combined opening device, which is detachably connected to the screw via a connecting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, the holes on the two clamping plates of the fixing device are located on the center line of the clamping plate width, 30mm from the left end of the steel plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the diameter of the screw is greater than the thickness of the adjusting mechanism, allowing the adjusting mechanism to rotate within the fixed device.

[0010] Furthermore, the baffle is a circular steel plate with an inner diameter larger than the screw diameter. It is welded to the right end of the screw and is used to limit the displacement of the sliding hammer and withstand the impact force.

[0011] Furthermore, the right end of the screw is machined with an internal thread for connection with the external thread of the connecting rod of the combined opening device.

[0012] Furthermore, the combined opening device includes opening grippers with various opening sizes, and the opening grippers have connecting holes on the center line of their openings for fixing to the connecting rod by means of nuts; One end of the connecting rod is provided with an external thread for connection with the screw; the other end is provided with a boss and a thread for fixing to the open gripper plate by a nut.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves direct, rapid hooking and reliable fixing of the inner or outer ring of a bearing by setting an adjustment mechanism; the combined opening device is adaptable to different shaft diameters, precisely aligning the disassembly force with the part to be disassembled and rigidly transmitting it; by setting a sliding hammer fitted on the screw and impacting the baffle, the manual impact is converted into a controllable axial disassembly force parallel to the axis. This achieves safe and efficient disassembly, significantly reduces the damage rate of parts, greatly improves equipment maintenance efficiency, and saves manpower.

[0014] By applying bidirectional disassembly mechanical grippers, the disassembly speed of bearings and pulleys on mechanical equipment can be improved, the integrity rate of parts can be increased, the safety during equipment maintenance can be improved, and work efficiency can be increased. It can save 2 maintenance workers and shorten the maintenance time by 30 minutes. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical gripper structure for disassembling the bearing and pulley in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the bearing, bearing inner sleeve, and bearing outer ring disassembly and adjustment mechanism in the embodiment. Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding hammer in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combined opening device in the embodiment.

[0017] Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Adjustment mechanism; 1-1. Grab hook; 1-2. Drill hole; 1-3. Fully threaded bolt; 2. Fixing device; 3. Sliding hammer; 4. Baffle; 5. Screw; 6. First opening grab plate; 7. Second opening grab plate; 8. Third opening grab plate; 9. Fourth opening grab plate; 10. Connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0018] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0021] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0023] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0024] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, these terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] This invention provides a technical solution: a mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys, such as... Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes an adjustment mechanism 1, which is formed by secondary precision machining of wire cutters. The two handle heads are grooved by angle grinding to form gripping hooks 1-1. Holes 1-2 are drilled at the connecting shaft of the two wire cutters, which are placed in the two clamps of the fixing device 2. The holes are aligned and then connected and fastened with bolts and nuts. A hole is drilled and threaded at one end of the wire cutter jaws, and a threaded bolt 1-3 with the same pitch is installed. The bolt 1-3 has the function of adjusting the size of the handle opening and fastening the disassembly parts.

[0026] The fixing device 2 includes two clamping plates made of two rectangular steel plates. The center of the width of the two clamping plates is drilled 30mm from the left end. The right end of the two steel plates is welded with a screw 5. The diameter of the screw 5 is greater than the thickness of the adjusting mechanism, so as to ensure that the adjusting mechanism 1 can be installed in the fixing device 2 with bolts and nuts and rotate freely.

[0027] The sliding hammer 3 is machined by a lathe, and its size is determined by the disassembly of the bearing or pulley; the inner diameter of the sliding hammer 3 is larger than that of the screw 5.

[0028] The baffle 4 is machined from a steel plate with a diameter greater than 10mm on a lathe. The inner diameter of the baffle 4 is larger than that of the screw 5, and it is welded to the screw 5.

[0029] The screw 5 is machined from an iron bar with a diameter greater than 30mm on a lathe. The right end of the screw 5 is drilled to form a thread, which facilitates connection with the external thread of the connecting rod at one end of the combined opening device.

[0030] The combined opening device includes different opening grippers, connecting rods 10, and nut connectors. The opening grippers are formed by cutting steel plates according to a drawing, including a first opening gripper 6, a second opening gripper 7, a third opening gripper 8, and a fourth opening gripper 9 with sequentially increasing opening sizes. Holes are drilled along the center lines of the openings for easy fixing to the connecting rods 10. One end of the connecting rod 10 is machined with external threads to connect to the screw 5, and the other end is machined with a boss and threads for easy fixing to the opening grippers with nuts.

[0031] All connecting parts are polished smooth for easy operation. The machining dimensions of the mechanical gripper are determined by the size of the disassembled bearings and pulleys.

[0032] How to use: Step 1: Disassembly of the bearing or damaged outer ring of the bearing in the bearing housing of the mechanical equipment. The operator hooks the two gripping rods 1-1 of the adjustment mechanism 1 with the inner ring of the bearing to be disassembled or the outer ring of the damaged bearing, and manually operates the threaded bolts 1-3 on the adjustment mechanism 1 until the two gripping rods are firmly fixed to the disassembled parts.

[0033] Step 2: Remove the bearing or pulley from the shaft of the mechanical equipment. The operator selects an opening gripper of appropriate size according to the thickness of the shaft journal of the part to be removed, and places the opening gripper in the part to be removed to ensure a firm connection.

[0034] Step 3: In both of the above situations, the operator needs to hold the mechanical assembly with one hand, adjust it to be on the same axis as the disassembled part, and hold the sliding hammer 3 with the other hand. The hammer slides on the axis to strike the baffle 4 until the disassembled part is separated and removed.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys, characterized in that, The device includes an adjustment mechanism comprising two wire cutters. The handles of the wire cutters have grooves machined into their heads to form gripping hooks. The two wire cutters are cross-jointed and drilled at a connecting shaft, and then fixed to two clamping plates of a fixing device using bolts and nuts. One of the wire cutters has a threaded hole at its jaw end, into which a fully threaded bolt is installed. The fixing device includes two clamping plates with holes for connection to the adjustment mechanism via bolts. A screw is welded to the other end of each clamping plate, and a baffle is welded to the screw. A sliding hammer is fitted onto the screw to strike the baffle and generate an axial disassembly force. It also includes a combined opening device, which is detachably connected to the screw via a connecting rod.

2. The mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The holes on the two clamping plates of the fixing device are located on the center line of the width of the clamping plates, 30mm from the left end of the steel plate.

3. The mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the screw is greater than the thickness of the adjusting mechanism, so that the adjusting mechanism can rotate within the fixed device.

4. The mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baffle is a circular steel plate with an inner diameter larger than the screw diameter. It is welded to the right end of the screw and is used to limit the displacement of the sliding hammer and withstand the impact force.

5. A mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right end of the screw is machined with an internal thread for connecting with the external thread at one end of the connecting rod of the combined opening device.

6. A mechanical gripper for disassembling bearings and pulleys according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combined opening device includes opening grippers with various opening sizes, and the opening grippers have connecting holes on the center line of the opening for fixing to the connecting rod by nuts; One end of the connecting rod is provided with an external thread for connection with the screw; the other end is provided with a boss and a thread for fixing to the open gripper plate by a nut.

Images