An automatic trigger broken belt capturing device for a belt conveyer comprises a machine frame formed by two machine frame lateral plates, wherein an upper braking mechanism is arranged in the middle of the machine frame, a trigger mechanism and a locking mechanism are arranged in the front of the upper braking mechanism, a torque loading mechanism is arranged behind the upper braking mechanism, a lower braking mechanism is arranged below the upper braking mechanism, an upper braking beam mechanism is arranged above the upper braking mechanism, a lower braking beam is arranged below a lower braking beam, and the whole capturing device is in the to-start state under driving of energy stored by a torsion spring and a compressed spring. Once belt breaking happens, the trigger mechanism and a bearing mechanism act to lead the locking mechanism to be unlocked, the upper braking mechanism and the lower braking mechanism simultaneously act, and an upward belt and a downward belt are respectively braked through the eccentric self-locking principle. The automatic trigger broken belt capturing device is simple in structure, high in capturing success rate, uniform in capturing force, small in impact, economical, reasonable, convenient to maintain and capable of being automatically triggered without being driven by a power source.