Hydrogen production device based on microwave-induced methanol water

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on microwave induced methanol water hydrogen production device, including inorganic electromagnetic preheating device, microwave energy induction reaction device, display and control device and pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device;The microwave energy induction reaction device is equipped with microwave energy emission system and built-in intelligent catalytic chip chemical reaction kettle, catalytic chip is constructed with periodic microcavity antenna and catalytic active site integrated structure array by micro-nano processing;Preheated raw material is uniformly delivered to the surface of chip by atomizing nozzle;Display and control device cooperatively regulate preheating power, raw material flow and microwave parameter, realize the space-time accurate programming of hot spot temperature on the surface of chip;Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device realizes hydrogen efficient collection by gas-liquid separation, condensation and membrane separation three-stage purification.The application realizes the accurate directional distribution of microwave energy on molecular scale and reaction process optimization regulation by innovating traditional catalyst into programmable chip structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydrogen energy production technology, specifically relating to a high-efficiency methanol-water hydrogen production device based on the synergistic effect of microwave energy and micro / nano structure catalytic chip. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient secondary energy source, relies on green and low-carbon production technologies as a core element in achieving energy structure transformation and the dual-carbon strategy. Among numerous hydrogen production routes, methanol-water reforming is considered an ideal distributed hydrogen source solution due to its advantages such as safe raw material storage and transportation, mild reaction temperature, and high hydrogen energy efficiency. However, this technology has long been constrained by reaction kinetics and thermodynamic bottlenecks in its industrialization process, resulting in hydrogen production efficiency, selectivity, and process economy that fail to meet the requirements for commercial applications. Currently, the industry mainly adopts two technical routes: traditional fixed-bed thermocatalytic reforming and conventional microwave-heated catalysis. For example, patent CN110272130A discloses a microwave-heated methanol-to-hydrogen system, but it still uses particulate catalysts. Traditional thermocatalytic reforming relies on external heating, which has problems such as low heat transfer efficiency, high energy consumption, and the easy formation of hot spots in the catalyst bed leading to sintering and deactivation. Although conventional microwave-heated catalysis can utilize the dielectric loss of materials for bulk heating to improve energy utilization efficiency, the powder or particulate catalysts used have mixed microwave absorption and catalytic functions in the microwave field, resulting in random generation of hot spots with uncontrollable position and temperature. This not only increases side reactions and poor product selectivity, but also causes the catalyst to deactivate rapidly due to local overheating, resulting in serious deficiencies in system operation stability and lifespan. At the level of energy transfer and reaction synergy, existing systems generally suffer from inherent defects such as unclear field-mass coupling mechanisms and mismatch between energy supply and reaction demand. The application of microwave energy is macroscopic and homogeneous, which cannot be precisely matched with the microscopic active sites on the catalyst surface and the reaction process; the control of the catalytic reaction process relies on the coarse adjustment of macroscopic parameters such as feed and temperature, lacking the ability to intervene in the reaction microenvironment in situ and dynamically; in addition, traditional systems lack the ability to perceive the reaction state in real time and control it in a closed loop, and cannot adaptively adjust the energy distribution strategy in time and space according to the reaction process, causing the system to operate under suboptimal conditions for a long time, making it difficult to achieve synergistic maximization of energy utilization efficiency and feed conversion rate; In summary, existing methanol-water hydrogen production technologies are no longer sufficient to meet the industrial demands for efficient, low-carbon, and low-cost hydrogen production in terms of energy transfer precision, catalyst design concepts, and process control logic. There is an urgent need to overcome key technological bottlenecks such as the directional transport of microwave energy at the molecular scale, the precise construction and programming of catalytic active sites, and the dynamic closed-loop regulation of the reaction process. The goal is to construct a microwave-induced methanol-water high-efficiency hydrogen production device that integrates a precise energy field, a programmable catalyst, and an intelligent control system. This would achieve a leapfrog improvement in the energy efficiency, selectivity, and controllability of the hydrogen production process, and promote the development of green hydrogen production technology towards intelligence and precision. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies in methanol-water hydrogen production, such as low reaction efficiency, insufficient utilization of microwave energy, inadequate control precision of the catalytic process, and poor product separation and purification. This invention provides a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device. By innovating traditional macroscopic particulate catalysts into micro / nano-scale programmable chip structures, this invention achieves precise localization and directional distribution of microwave energy at catalytic active sites, fundamentally solving the technical bottleneck of energy and reaction field separation. It boasts advantages such as high energy efficiency, pure products, fast response, and precise control.

[0004] This application provides a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device, including an inorganic electromagnetic preheating device, a microwave-induced reaction device, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device, and a display and control device.

[0005] Furthermore, the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device is located at the front end of the hydrogen production device, and includes an energy recovery coil and an electromagnetic heater; the energy recovery coil is located on the left side of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device, and its output end is sealed and connected to the inlet of the electromagnetic heater; the outlet of the electromagnetic heater is connected to the microwave energy induced reaction device through a pipe. Furthermore, the microwave-induced reaction device is located in the middle of the hydrogen production device, and includes a microwave cavity, a microwave energy emission system, and a chemical reaction vessel. The microwave cavity is a sealed cavity, with its left side connected to the outlet of the electromagnetic heater via a pipe, and a product outlet at the bottom. The microwave energy emission system is installed on the upper right wall of the microwave cavity and includes at least one microwave power source, a microwave isolator connected to the microwave power source, a microwave modulator, a microwave coupler, and a microwave power distributor that distributes power to the microwave cavity. The chemical reaction vessel is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the microwave cavity, filled with a catalyst, and isolated from the microwave cavity. The chemical reaction vessel also includes a smart catalytic chip, horizontally fixedly installed in its internal center, including a chip substrate and an insulating ceramic support set on the substrate. The upper surface of the chip substrate is provided with an integrated array of periodically fixedly arranged microcavity antennas and catalytic active sites integrated through micro-nano fabrication technology. Furthermore, the device also includes a raw material supply device located to the left of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device, comprising a raw material storage tank and a metering pump connected in sequence; the outlet of the metering pump is connected to the energy recovery coil via a corrosion-resistant pipeline. An atomizing nozzle is also provided on the upper left side of the chemical reactor of the microwave-induced reaction device, fixedly installed above the left side wall of the microwave cavity and connected to the outlet pipe of the electromagnetic heater; the atomizing nozzle adopts an ultrasonic atomization structure, including a piezoelectric transducer and a conical dispersion hood, with its nozzle facing downwards towards the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip; Furthermore, the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device is located at the end of the hydrogen production device, and includes a gas-liquid separator, a condenser, and a hydrogen purification membrane connected in sequence; the inlet of the gas-liquid separator is connected to the product outlet at the bottom of the microwave cavity through a gas pipe; the inlet of the condenser is connected to the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator through a gas pipe; and the inlet of the hydrogen purification membrane is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser through a gas pipe. Furthermore, the display and control device is electrically connected to each device, including a main control computer, a microwave power controller, a preheating controller, a flow controller, and a temperature sensing feedback component; the microwave power controller is used to adjust the output power, frequency, and phase of the microwave energy emission system; the preheating controller regulates the heating power and temperature of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device; the flow controller controls the raw material flow rate of the raw material supply device; the temperature sensing feedback component is equipped with an infrared temperature probe, installed below the microwave energy emission system and facing the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip; the display and control device is configured to compare the real-time temperature distribution data obtained by the temperature sensing feedback component with a preset temperature field, and then dynamically correct the microwave signal parameters to form a temperature field that varies with space and time on the integrated array.

[0006] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention achieves efficient and precise control of the entire process from methanol-water feedstock to high-purity hydrogen by combining the synergistic effect of intelligent catalytic chips and microwave energy with a closed-loop management mechanism of feed atomization, programmed temperature control, and product separation. Among them, the integrated design of periodic microcavity antenna and nano-catalytic sites realizes the localized enhancement and efficient conversion of microwave energy, forming a dynamic matching mechanism between the energy field and the reaction field, which significantly improves catalytic efficiency and energy utilization efficiency. The intelligent catalytic chip device enables precise spatiotemporal programming and dynamic control of the reaction interface temperature, effectively solving the problems of insufficient control precision and thermal runaway risk in traditional microwave heating processes. With the close coordination of the three-stage purification process of gas-liquid separation, deep condensation and membrane separation, the system achieves efficient extraction and purification of hydrogen, significantly improving the purity of hydrogen production and reducing system energy consumption, thus comprehensively optimizing the entire hydrogen production process in terms of economy, efficiency and controllability. Attached Figure Description

[0007] To better understand and implement this application, the technical solution is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device provided in this application; Figure 2 This is a structural detail diagram of an intelligent catalytic chip based on a microwave-induced reaction device in a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device. 1-Inorganic electromagnetic preheating device; 11-Energy recovery coil; 12-Electromagnetic heater; 2-Microwave energy induced reaction device; 21-Microwave cavity; 22-Microwave energy emission system; 23-Chemical reaction vessel; 231-Intelligent catalytic chip; 2311-Chip substrate; 2312-Integrated array; 2313-Dielectric substrate; 2314-Metal microcavity antenna layer; 2315-Nanocatalytic layer; 3-Pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device; 31-Gas-liquid separator; 311-Inlet chamber; 312-Separation chamber; 313-Liquid collection chamber; 32-Condenser; 321-Tube bundle; 322-Cooling medium cavity; 33-Hydrogen purification membrane; 331-Membrane core; 3311-Tube side; 3312-Shell side; 4-Display and control device; 5-Raw material supply device; 51-Raw material storage tank; 52-Metering pump. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, exemplary embodiments will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description relating to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of methods and systems consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0010] The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0011] The following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided in detail.

[0012] Example 1 Please see Figures 1-2This embodiment provides a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device, including an inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, a microwave-induced reaction device 2, a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification device 3, and a display and control device 4. The inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1 serves as the front-end pretreatment unit of the hydrogen production device, including an energy recovery coil 11 and an electromagnetic heater 12. The energy recovery coil 11 is sealed to the inlet of the electromagnetic heater 12 via a corrosion-resistant pipeline. The microwave-induced reaction device 2 is integrated in the middle of the entire device and includes a microwave cavity 21, a microwave energy emission system 22, and a chemical reaction vessel 23. The PSA hydrogen purification device 3 is located at the end of the hydrogen production device and is responsible for the separation and purification of hydrogen. The display and control device 4 coordinates the operation of each system. This embodiment solves the technical problems of low energy utilization efficiency, insufficient reaction control precision, and incomplete product separation in traditional hydrogen production technology by using a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device that includes an inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, a microwave energy-induced reaction device 2, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3, and a display and control device 4. It realizes intelligent control of the entire process of methanol-water raw material from efficient preheating and precise catalytic reforming to high-purity hydrogen collection. The inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1 is located at the front end of the hydrogen production device and includes an energy recovery coil 11 and an electromagnetic heater 12. The energy recovery coil 11 is located on the left side of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, and its output end is sealed to the inlet of the electromagnetic heater 12 through a flange. The right outlet of the electromagnetic heater 12 is connected to the left inlet of the microwave energy induced reaction device 2 through a high-temperature resistant and corrosion-resistant pipe. Specifically, the waste heat from the energy recovery coil 11 is used to preheat the raw materials, which solves the problem of serious heat energy waste in traditional devices and improves the overall energy efficiency of the system. The precise and rapid heating of the electromagnetic heater 12 solves the problems of unstable preheating temperature and slow response of the raw materials, providing a stable and suitable raw material gas for subsequent reactions. The microwave-induced reaction device 2 is located in the middle of the hydrogen production device and includes a microwave cavity 21, a microwave energy emission system 22 and a chemical reaction vessel 23. The microwave cavity 21 is a circular sealed cavity made of stainless steel. Its left side is connected to the outlet of the electromagnetic heater 12 through a pipe, and the bottom is provided with a product outlet. The top and bottom of the microwave cavity 21 are provided with detachable metal reflective partitions (connected by quick-connect flanges). The surface of the partitions is evenly distributed with honeycomb holes, which allows microwaves to pass through and reflect energy, while facilitating the opening and closing of the cavity. The microwave energy transmission system 22 includes a microwave power source, a microwave isolator, a microwave tuner, a microwave coupler, a microwave power divider, and at least one set of microwave antenna elements. The microwave antenna elements (such as slot antennas) are fixedly mounted on the sidewall of the microwave cavity 21 and are uniformly distributed according to integer multiples of the microwave wavelength to ensure a uniform microwave field distribution within the cavity. The chemical reactor 23 is equipped with upper and lower cover plates, the outer diameter of which is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the microwave cavity 21. When the upper and lower reflective partitions of the microwave cavity 21 are closed, the upper and lower cover plates of the chemical reactor 23 are in close contact with the upper and lower reflective partitions of the microwave cavity 21. The chemical reactor 23 itself is sealed by its cover plates, thereby forming a sealed reaction space isolated from the microwave cavity 21, preventing reactants from contaminating the microwave components. A smart catalytic chip 231 is horizontally fixedly installed at the center inside the chemical reactor 23. The sealed design of the microwave cavity 21 and the metal reflective partition solve the hidden dangers of microwave leakage and uneven energy distribution, ensuring operational safety and reaction efficiency. The multi-level control of the microwave energy emission system 22 solves the problem of mismatch between microwave power and reaction requirements, realizing precise and controllable energy input. The isolation design between the chemical reactor 23 and the microwave cavity 21 solves the problems of catalyst contamination of the microwave system and microwave interference with temperature measuring elements, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system. The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3 is located at the end of the hydrogen production device and includes a gas-liquid separator 31, a condenser 32, and a hydrogen purification membrane 33 connected in sequence. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the product outlet at the bottom of the microwave cavity 21 through a gas pipe, and is used to perform preliminary separation of the gaseous product from the reactor to remove any trace droplets that may be entrained therein. The condenser 32 is located to the right of the gas-liquid separator 31, and its inlet is connected to the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 31 through a gas pipe, and is used to cool the gaseous product to below the dew point temperature to deeply remove water vapor. The hydrogen purification membrane 33 is located to the right of the condenser 32, and its inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser 32 through a gas pipe, and allows for efficient and selective permeation of hydrogen to output high-purity hydrogen. The combined design of baffles and sedimentation in the gas-liquid separator 31 solves the problem of increased load on subsequent equipment caused by entrained droplets in the gas-liquid two-phase flow, achieving efficient primary purification of reaction products. The countercurrent heat exchange structure of the condenser 32 overcomes the shortcomings of low efficiency and high energy consumption in traditional cooling methods, achieving deep removal of water vapor and effective recovery of system waste heat. The high selective separation characteristics of the hydrogen purification membrane 33 solve the technical bottleneck of high impurity gas content and substandard purity in hydrogen products, enabling stable output of high-purity hydrogen. The display and control device 4 is electrically connected to the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, the microwave energy induced reaction device 2, and the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3 via signal cables. It is used to monitor and regulate the operation of the devices. The device integrates an industrial-grade programmable logic controller and a touch screen human-machine interface, monitors the operating parameters of each device in real time, and regulates its operating status based on preset algorithms to realize automated control and intelligent decision-making of the entire hydrogen production process. The closed-loop control of the entire system constructed by the display and control device 4 solves the pain point of independent operation and poor coordination of each unit in traditional hydrogen production equipment. It realizes integrated intelligent management and control of the entire process from raw material preheating and microwave-induced reaction to hydrogen purification, which significantly improves the stability, safety and economy of the system.

[0013] Example 2 Please see Figures 1-2 This embodiment provides a microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device, including an inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, a microwave energy-induced reaction device 2, a pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3, and a display and control device 4. The inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1 is located at the front end of the hydrogen production device, and includes an energy recovery coil 11 and an electromagnetic heater 12. The energy recovery coil 11 is located on the left side of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, and an output end is provided on the right side of the energy recovery coil 11, which is sealed and connected to the inlet of the electromagnetic heater 12. The electromagnetic heater 12 also has an outlet on the right side, which is connected to the microwave energy induced reaction device 2 through a pipe. The microwave-induced reaction device 2 is located at the center of the device and includes a microwave cavity 21, a microwave energy emission system 22, and a chemical reaction vessel 23. The microwave cavity 21 constitutes the sealed core reaction space of the device and has a product outlet at the bottom. The microwave energy emission system 22 is fixedly installed on the upper right wall of the microwave cavity 21 and includes at least one microwave power source, a microwave isolator connected to the microwave power source, a microwave modulator, a microwave coupler, and a microwave power distributor that distributes power to the microwave cavity 21. The chemical reaction vessel 23 is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the microwave cavity 21, and a catalyst is filled in the upper part of the chemical reaction vessel 23. The reaction vessel is isolated from the microwave cavity 21. The intelligent catalytic chip 231 is horizontally fixedly installed in the center of the chemical reactor 23, and includes a chip substrate 2311 and an integrated array 2312. Insulating ceramic supports are respectively provided on both sides of the chip substrate 2311 to fix and support the chip substrate 2311 on the inner wall of the chemical reactor 23. The integrated array 2312 is integrated on the upper surface of the chip substrate 2311 through micro-nano fabrication technology, and is used to receive microwave energy and catalyze the methanol-water reforming reaction. The integrated array 2312 comprises, from bottom to top, a dielectric substrate 2313, a metal microcavity antenna layer 2314, and a nanocatalytic layer 2315. The dielectric substrate 2313 is made of high-purity alumina ceramic, serving as the mechanical support and microwave field medium for the entire array. The metal microcavity antenna layer 2314 is fabricated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 2313 using photolithography and etching processes to form a periodically arranged open resonant ring structure. The nanocatalytic layer 2315 is made of a platinum and zinc oxide composite nanomaterial. The platinum and zinc oxide composite nanomaterial is selectively grown in the gap region and local high-temperature hot spots of the open resonant ring structure using atomic layer deposition technology. The deposition thickness (approximately 50 nm) in the gap between the rings and the opening gap is significantly greater than the thickness (approximately 5 nm) in other surface regions of the metal microcavity antenna layer 2314. The local high-temperature hot spots are used as activation energy to catalyze the reforming reaction of methanol and water vapor to generate hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Specifically, the fabrication process of the intelligent catalytic chip 231 is as follows: 2313 dielectric substrate treatment: High-purity (≥99.6%) alumina ceramic sheets with surface polished to Ra<0.5 nm were selected as dielectric substrate 2313. They were ultrasonically cleaned for 15 minutes each in acetone, ethanol and deionized water, and then dried with nitrogen gas for later use. Fabrication of the metal microcavity antenna layer 2314: First, a 10 nm thick titanium adhesion layer and a 200 nm thick copper layer are sequentially deposited on the cleaned dielectric substrate 2313 using magnetron sputtering; subsequently, ultraviolet lithography is employed using positive photoresist at a wavelength of 365 nm and a flow rate of 150 mJ / cm². 2 The exposure dose is patterned to transfer the designed periodic open resonant ring structure pattern onto the photoresist; then, FeCl3 solution is used as the etching solution for wet etching to precisely remove the unprotected metal areas; finally, acetone is used to strip the remaining photoresist to form a metal microcavity antenna layer 2314 with a period of λ / 4 (approximately 30.6 mm at 2.45 GHz). Selective deposition of the 2315 nanocatalytic layer: Using atomic layer deposition (ALD) technology, at a reaction temperature of 200°C, tetramethylplatinum and deionized water were used as precursors for 100 deposition cycles. Nucleation and growth preferentially occurred in the interstitial regions of the open resonant ring structure and at local high-temperature hot spots, forming a platinum nanoparticle layer with an average thickness of approximately 50 nm. Subsequently, the precursors were switched to diethylzinc and deionized water, and 50 cycles were performed to grow a zinc oxide coating layer in situ, together forming the platinum-zinc oxide composite nanocatalytic layer 2315. This process utilizes the selective growth characteristics of ALD to precisely position the catalytic material in the interstitial regions with the strongest microwave field, achieving spatial matching between the catalytic active sites and the energy field. Specifically, through the integrated array 2312 design in the intelligent catalytic chip 231, combined with the efficient microwave transmission of the high-purity alumina substrate 2313, the local field enhancement and thermal energy conversion of the open resonant ring structure, and the selective deposition of the nano-catalytic layer 2315 consistent with the hot spot distribution, the technical problems of low energy transfer efficiency and separation of catalytic active sites and thermal field in traditional catalytic reactions have been solved. The efficient and directional conversion and utilization of microwave energy into reaction activation energy has been achieved. At a microwave frequency of 2.45 GHz, the reaction rate has been increased by more than 3 times that of the traditional method and the microwave energy utilization rate has exceeded 65%, providing a core reaction interface for the efficient production of hydrogen from methanol and water. The hydrogen production device also includes a raw material supply device 5, located to the left of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1, which includes a raw material storage tank 51 and a metering pump 52 connected in sequence. The raw material storage tank 51 is connected to the inlet of the metering pump 52 through a delivery pipeline and is used to store raw materials for stable supply. The outlet of the metering pump 52 is connected to the energy recovery coil 11 through a corrosion-resistant pipeline and is used to control and deliver a constant liquid flow rate. The microwave cavity 21 of the microwave energy induced reaction device 2 is also provided with an atomizing nozzle 53 on the upper left side, which is fixedly installed and connected to the upper left side wall of the microwave cavity 21 and the outlet pipe of the electromagnetic heater 12; the atomizing nozzle 53 faces downward and is directly facing the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip 231, and is used to uniformly atomize the methanol aqueous solution and spray it onto the entire upper surface of the intelligent catalytic chip 231. The atomizing nozzle 53 adopts an ultrasonic atomization structure, including a piezoelectric transducer 531 and a conical dispersion hood 532; the piezoelectric transducer 531 is fixedly installed inside the center of the atomizing nozzle 53, and breaks the incoming methanol aqueous solution into micron-sized droplets through high-frequency vibration; the conical dispersion hood 532 is fixedly installed at the right outlet of the piezoelectric transducer 531, and disperses the micron-sized droplets radially through the conical structure to form a uniform fan-shaped mist field; Specifically, through the synergistic design of the ultrasonic atomization structure of the atomizing nozzle 53 and the conical dispersion hood 532, combined with the precise flow control of the metering pump 52, the technical bottlenecks of uneven droplet size, poor coverage on the chip surface, and low mass transfer efficiency in traditional feeding methods have been solved. This has achieved uniform distribution and full contact of reactants on catalytic active sites, resulting in ideal atomization and distribution effects with an average droplet size distribution in the range of 1-50 micrometers and a liquid film coverage of no less than 95% on the chip surface. This creates the best mass transfer conditions for efficient surface reforming reactions. The display and control device 4 includes a main control computer, a microwave power controller, a preheating controller, a flow controller, and a temperature sensing feedback component. The main control computer is electrically connected to the microwave power controller, the preheating controller, the flow controller, and the temperature sensing feedback component via a data bus. The microwave power controller, located to the right of the main control computer, is electrically connected to the microwave power source of the microwave energy emission system 22 via a coaxial cable and is used to adjust the output power, frequency, and phase of the microwave energy emission system 22. The preheating controller and the flow controller are used to regulate the heating power and temperature of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device 1 and the raw material flow rate of the raw material supply device 5, respectively. The temperature sensing feedback component, located to the right of the microwave power controller, has an infrared temperature probe installed below the microwave energy emission system 22 via a sealed interface, facing the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip 231, for real-time monitoring of the temperature of each catalytic site and feedback to the main control computer. Specifically, the display and control device 4 constructs a closed-loop intelligent control system that comprehensively senses, decides, and executes microwave, preheating, and raw material flow. The main control computer obtains the real-time temperature field distribution of the catalytic site through an infrared temperature probe and forms a fast feedback loop with multiple controllers. This solves the technical bottlenecks of temperature monitoring lag, insufficient control accuracy, and high risk of thermal runaway in traditional microwave heating processes. Through a pre-set adaptive PID algorithm, it achieves precise spatiotemporal programming and dynamic control of the reaction interface temperature, achieving a precise thermal management effect with a temperature control accuracy of ±5℃ and independent controllable hot spot temperature, ensuring the high efficiency and stability of the reaction process. The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3 is located to the right of the microwave-induced reaction device 2, and includes a gas-liquid separator 31, a condenser 32, and a hydrogen purification membrane 33 connected in sequence. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 31 is connected to the product outlet at the bottom of the microwave cavity 21 through a gas pipe, for preliminary separation of any possible entrained trace droplets. The condenser 32 is located to the right of the gas-liquid separator 31, and its inlet is connected to the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator 31 through a gas pipe, for cooling the gaseous product to below the dew point and deeply removing water vapor. The hydrogen purification membrane 33 is located to the right of the condenser 32, and its inlet is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser 32 through a gas pipe, for efficient and selective permeation of hydrogen and output of high-purity hydrogen. The condenser 32 is a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a shell, tube bundle 321 and cooling medium chamber 322, forming a countercurrent heat exchange structure in which gas products flow from top to bottom and cooling medium flows from bottom to top; the hydrogen purification membrane 33 adopts a hollow fiber palladium composite membrane structure, including a membrane shell and a membrane core 331, dividing the internal space into a tube side 3311 for collecting high-purity hydrogen and a shell side 3312 for flowing crude hydrogen mixed gas; The purification process is as follows: Cooling gas from condenser 32 enters the shell-side channel 3312 of the membrane from the left side. Hydrogen molecules selectively permeate through the hollow fiber palladium composite membrane wall into the tube-side channel 3311 and gather upwards to be discharged from the top high-purity hydrogen outlet. Gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide that fail to permeate continue to flow downwards in the shell-side channel 3312 and are finally discharged from the bottom tail gas outlet, completing the final purification of hydrogen. The gas-liquid separator 31 includes an inlet chamber 311, a separation chamber 312, and a liquid collection chamber 313 connected sequentially from top to bottom via gas pipes; the separation chamber 312 is provided with multiple sets of staggered baffles and a gravity settling zone below; Optionally, to further improve the hydrogen purification effect and protect the hydrogen purification membrane 33, a carbon dioxide chemical adsorption tank can be installed on the gas pipeline between the gas-liquid separator 31 and the hydrogen purification membrane 33; the adsorption tank is filled with solid sodium peroxide or sodium hydroxide particles. Before entering the hydrogen purification membrane 33, the gaseous product from the gas-liquid separator 31 passes through this adsorption tank, where the carbon dioxide component undergoes an irreversible chemical reaction with the sodium peroxide or sodium hydroxide (e.g., 2Na₂O₂ + 2CO₂ → 2Na₂CO₃ + O₂ or 2NaOH + CO₂ → Na₂CO₃ + H₂O), and is efficiently removed. The adsorption tank can greatly reduce the separation load on the subsequent hydrogen purification membrane 33, effectively prevent the membrane's performance from degrading due to impurities such as CO₂, and produce ultra-high purity hydrogen with a purity higher than 99.995%. Specifically, through the close coordination of the three-stage purification process of deep condensation of condenser 32, baffle collision and gravity sedimentation of gas-liquid separator 31, and selective permeation of hydrogen purification membrane 33 in pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device 3, the technical problems of incomplete product separation, low hydrogen purity and high energy consumption of traditional hydrogen production devices are solved. Optionally, a carbon monoxide preferential oxidation reactor can be set before the hydrogen purification membrane 33 to protect the palladium membrane; this achieves efficient extraction and purification of hydrogen from the reaction products, and achieves excellent separation effect with hydrogen purity of not less than 99.99% and effective recovery of liquid by-products, significantly improving the output quality and economy of the entire hydrogen production system. The main control computer is configured to perform molar calculations for hydrogen production prediction and intelligent control. Based on the real-time temperature distribution data of each catalytic point fed back by the infrared temperature probe of the temperature sensing feedback component, the main control computer compares this data with a preset temperature field, dynamically corrects and instructs the microwave power controller to adjust the microwave signal parameters output to the microwave energy emission system 22. This alters the energy distribution of the microwave field, ultimately creating a temperature field on the nanocatalytic layer 2315 that varies with space and time and matches ideal reaction conditions. Simultaneously, the main control computer optimizes and adjusts the feed rate of the raw material supply device 5 based on operational data. Specifically, the process of using molar calculation for hydrogen production prediction and intelligent control is as follows: The preset hydrogen production prediction in the main control computer is based on the stoichiometric principle of the methanol steam reforming reaction (CH3OH + H2O → CO2 + 3H2). It reads the mass flow rate of the methanol aqueous solution feed from the metering pump 52 and the preset concentration in real time, first calculating the instantaneous molar flow rate of methanol; then, according to the stoichiometric relationship between methanol and hydrogen in the reaction formula (1:3), it dynamically calculates the corresponding theoretical instantaneous hydrogen production molar flow rate, and integrates and accumulates to obtain the expected total hydrogen production. The main control computer is configured to execute the following closed-loop management strategy: the theoretical hydrogen production data calculated above is used as a feedforward signal and compared in real time with the actual hydrogen production data measured by the hydrogen mass flow meter installed at the outlet of the hydrogen purification membrane 33; the significant deviation of the comparison is used to calibrate the production status in real time and diagnose potential faults such as catalyst activity decay and feed abnormalities; at the same time, combined with the hydrogen production task target preset by the operator (such as total hydrogen production volume or running time), after the main control computer confirms that the production target has been achieved, it can automatically trigger a safety shutdown procedure or switch to a low-power standby mode, thus making a leap from passive reaction process control to active full-cycle intelligent capacity management; Specifically, the display and control device 4 constructs a closed-loop intelligent control system for perception, decision-making, and execution through Mohr's calculation. The main control computer acquires real-time global temperature field distribution data on the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip 231 via an infrared temperature probe and forms a fast feedback loop with the microwave power controller to dynamically adjust the output power, frequency, and phase of the microwave energy emission system 22, thereby precisely controlling the spatial and temporal distribution of microwave energy on the catalytic chip. This solves the technical problems of hot and cold spots coexisting, low overall reaction efficiency, and local sintering deactivation of catalysts caused by uneven microwave field distribution in traditional microwave reactors. It achieves millisecond-level real-time monitoring and precise spatiotemporal programming of the reforming reaction temperature, achieving precise thermal management effects such as controlling the working temperature fluctuation of the catalytic site within ±5℃ and increasing the microwave energy utilization efficiency to over 65%, providing a core guarantee for efficient and stable hydrogen production reactions. This embodiment systematically solves the comprehensive technical bottlenecks of traditional methanol-water hydrogen production units by combining raw material preheating, precision atomized feeding, chip-based local catalysis, intelligent closed-loop temperature control, and tiered high-efficiency separation through a synergistic design and operation of the entire chain. This includes low feed mass transfer efficiency, insufficient microwave energy utilization, crude reaction process control, and low product purity. It achieves efficient, stable, and controllable conversion from raw materials to high-purity hydrogen. Under rated operating conditions (methanol-water solution feed rate 10 mL / min, reaction temperature 280℃), it achieves excellent results such as a 40% reduction in unit hydrogen production energy consumption, a significant extension of catalyst life, and a stable hydrogen purity of over 99.99%. This significantly improves the overall performance, operational economy, and reliability of the distributed hydrogen production system. Example 3 Please see Figures 1-2 This embodiment is applied to the on-demand hydrogen production scenario of a distributed energy station. Its goal is to stably produce high-purity hydrogen from methanol-water feedstock, and the device is required to quickly respond and adjust the hydrogen production rate when the load fluctuates, while maintaining high energy efficiency and hydrogen purity. To fully verify the performance of the device, this embodiment specifically demonstrates its excellent adaptability under non-rated operating conditions such as low temperature start-up and raw material concentration fluctuations; the initial state is that the device is in standby mode, the display and control devices have completed self-test, and the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device, raw material supply device and pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device are ready. The implementation process specifically includes: Low-temperature start-up process: Start the device under cold conditions with an ambient temperature of 5℃; The main control computer of the display and control device executes a proprietary low-temperature start-up sequence: First, it instructs the preheating controller to operate the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device at maximum power to rapidly preheat the energy recovery coil and subsequent pipelines; simultaneously, it instructs the microwave power controller to apply a low-power (initial 300W) microwave field in an intermittent pulse mode (2 seconds of operation, 1 second of rest) to avoid instantaneous overheating damage to the cold-state chip, and utilizes the bulk heating effect of microwaves on the dielectric substrate to assist in uniform temperature rise; the infrared temperature probe monitors the chip temperature in real time, and when the lowest temperature detected on the chip surface exceeds 80°C, the metering pump begins to inject raw materials at a low flow rate (5 mL / min), and the atomizing nozzle begins to work; with the synergistic effect of the reforming reaction exothermic and microwave heating, the main control computer gradually and smoothly increases all parameters (feed rate, preheating power, microwave power) to the rated operating conditions; the entire smooth start-up process from cold state to rated operating conditions is successfully completed within 15 minutes, demonstrating the reliable start-up capability of the device in harsh environments; Rated operating conditions and variable load response: After the device enters stable operation, the operator sets the preset operating parameters through the main control computer of the display and control device: methanol aqueous solution feed rate 10 mL / min (concentration 50 wt%), target reaction temperature of intelligent catalytic chip 280℃, and microwave energy emission system power maintained at 800W; During operation, the main control computer of the display and control device can dynamically adjust the microwave power, preheating power, and raw material flow rate according to real-time operating conditions and output requirements. When the main control computer recognizes that the hydrogen production needs to be increased by 20% within 30 seconds according to the energy station load command, it controls the metering pump of the raw material supply device to increase the feed rate to 12 mL / min through the flow controller; it increases the heating power of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device through the preheating controller; at the same time, based on the temperature distribution data fed back by the infrared temperature probe of the temperature sensing feedback component, it dynamically adjusts the microwave energy emission system through the microwave power controller to increase the total microwave power to 950W and fine-tunes the microwave phase. Through this multi-parameter collaborative closed-loop control mechanism of raw materials, preheating, and microwave, a 20% increase in hydrogen production is achieved within 30 seconds, and the hydrogen production rate fluctuation rate is less than 2.8%, with the unit hydrogen production energy consumption reduced by 38% compared to the traditional fixed-bed device. Adaptability Test for Variable Concentration Feedstock: To verify the robustness to fluctuations in feedstock quality, a simulation test was conducted in this embodiment. The main control computer received a signal from the online concentration sensor in the feedstock storage tank, showing that the concentration of the methanol-water solution instantaneously fluctuated from the preset 50 wt% to 40 wt%. The main control computer immediately activated the adaptive algorithm: First, it recalculated the feed rate required to achieve the target hydrogen production rate based on the new concentration, and increased the flow rate of the metering pump from 10 mL / min to 12.5 mL / min through the flow controller to compensate for the reduction in effective reactants. At the same time, the algorithm predicted that the increase in water content might lead to enhanced endothermic reaction and a risk of chip temperature drop. Therefore, it appropriately increased the preheating temperature through the preheating controller and instructed the microwave power controller to fine-tune the total microwave power to 920W to maintain a stable reaction temperature of 280°C on the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip. The entire adjustment process was completed within 60 seconds, and the hydrogen production rate and hydrogen purity remained stable, demonstrating the system's strong adaptability to changes in feedstock concentration. The pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit operates synchronously and efficiently. The high-temperature gaseous products after the reaction first enter the condenser and are cooled to below 40°C, causing most of the water vapor and unreacted methanol to condense into liquid. Subsequently, the gas-liquid mixture enters the gas-liquid separator, where primary separation is achieved through baffle collision and gravity settling. The separated gas then enters the hydrogen purification membrane, where hydrogen molecules selectively permeate through the hollow fiber palladium composite membrane wall, and hydrogen with a purity higher than 99.99% is output from the top high-purity hydrogen outlet. After 500 hours of continuous operation, the main control computer automatically generates an operation report, including total hydrogen production, average energy consumption, catalytic activity retention rate, and key component status assessment. All operation data show that the catalytic activity retention rate is above 98.5%, and the overall system performance is significantly better than that of traditional methanol-to-hydrogen units. In this embodiment, the pressure swing adsorption (PSA) hydrogen purification unit is optionally equipped with a carbon dioxide chemical adsorption (CBA) tank. The gas, after initial separation by the gas-liquid separator, first passes through the adsorption tank to remove most of the CO2 before entering the hydrogen purification membrane for final purification. This measure ensures that the performance of the hydrogen purification membrane does not degrade during continuous operation for up to 500 hours. This embodiment also successfully achieves efficient, on-demand hydrogen production at the distributed energy station, demonstrating excellent adaptability in low-temperature start-up, rapid load response, and handling feedstock fluctuations. During long-term continuous operation, catalyst activity remains stable, and hydrogen purity and system energy efficiency are consistently maintained at a high level. Its overall performance is significantly superior to traditional methanol-to-hydrogen units, effectively improving the flexibility, economy, and reliability of the distributed hydrogen supply system.

[0014] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device, characterized in that, include: Inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1), microwave energy induced reaction device (2), and pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device (3), as well as display and control device (4) electrically connected to each device; The inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1) is located at the front end of the hydrogen production device and includes an energy recovery coil (11) and an electromagnetic heater (12). The energy recovery coil (11) is located on the left side of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1), and an output end is provided on the right side of the energy recovery coil (11) to be sealed and connected to the inlet of the electromagnetic heater (12). The electromagnetic heater (12) also has an outlet on the right side that is connected to the microwave energy induced reaction device (2) through a pipe. The microwave-induced reaction device (2) is located in the middle of the hydrogen production device and includes a microwave cavity (21), a microwave energy emission system (22), and a chemical reaction vessel (23). The microwave cavity (21) is a sealed cavity, connected to the outlet of the electromagnetic heater (12) on the left side through a pipe, and has a product outlet at the bottom. The microwave energy emission system (22) is fixedly installed on the upper right side wall of the microwave cavity (21) and includes at least one microwave power source, a microwave isolator connected to the microwave power source, a microwave modulator, a microwave coupler, and a microwave power distributor that distributes power to the microwave cavity (21). The chemical reaction vessel (23) is located at the bottom of the inner cavity of the microwave cavity (21), and a catalyst is filled in the upper part of the chemical reaction vessel (23), and the reaction vessel is isolated from the microwave cavity (21). The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device (3) is located at the end of the hydrogen production device. The pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device (3) includes a gas-liquid separator (31), a condenser (32), and a hydrogen purification membrane (33) connected in sequence. The inlet of the gas-liquid separator (31) is connected to the product outlet at the bottom of the microwave cavity (21) through a gas pipe, which is used to initially separate any trace droplets that may be entrained. The condenser (32) is located to the right of the gas-liquid separator (31). The inlet of the condenser (32) is connected to the gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator (31) through a gas pipe, which is used to cool the gas product to below the dew point and remove water vapor from it. The hydrogen purification membrane (33) is located on the right side of the condenser (32). The inlet of the hydrogen purification membrane (33) is connected to the gas outlet of the condenser (32) through a gas pipe, so as to selectively and efficiently permeate hydrogen and output high-purity hydrogen. The display and control device (4) is electrically connected to the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1), the microwave energy induced reaction device (2), and the pressure swing adsorption hydrogen purification device (3) for monitoring and regulating the operation of the device.

2. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave energy emission system (22) also includes at least one set of microwave antenna elements disposed in the microwave cavity (21). The antenna elements are selected from slot antennas, and the number is even and evenly distributed on the inner wall of the microwave cavity (21) according to an integer multiple of the microwave wavelength. The number of antennas increases with the increase of the target hydrogen production. The microwave cavity (21) is a cylindrical barrel made of stainless steel. Two metal reflective partitions are provided on the top and bottom of the cavity inside the microwave cavity (21). The surface of the reflective partitions is evenly distributed with honeycomb holes, and the reflective partitions are detachable for taking out and putting in the chemical reaction vessel (23) and replacing the catalyst. The chemical reactor (23) is a circular barrel with an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the microwave cavity (21). The chemical reactor (23) is provided with upper and lower cover plates, which are sealed to the chemical reactor (23) and in close contact with the upper and lower reflective partitions of the microwave cavity (21) to isolate and seal the reactor from the microwave cavity (21). The chemical reactor (23) also includes a smart catalytic chip (231), which is horizontally fixedly installed in the center of the chemical reactor (23). The chip includes a chip substrate (2311), and insulating ceramic supports are provided on both sides of the chip substrate (2311) to fix and support the chip substrate (2311) on the inner wall of the chemical reactor (23). The upper surface of the chip substrate (2311) is also provided with an integrated array (2312) composed of periodically fixedly arranged microcavity antennas and catalytic active sites integrated by micro-nano processing technology, which acts on the methanol flowing through the surface of the integrated array (2312) to catalyze the methanol-water reforming reaction.

3. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen production device also includes a raw material supply device (5), located to the left of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1), which includes a raw material storage tank (51) and a metering pump (52) connected in sequence. The raw material storage tank (51) is connected to the inlet of the metering pump (52) through a pipeline and is used to store raw materials for stable supply. The outlet of the metering pump (52) is connected to the energy recovery coil (11) through a corrosion-resistant pipeline and is used to control and deliver a constant liquid flow rate. The upper left side of the chemical reaction vessel (23) of the microwave energy induced reaction device (2) is also provided with an atomizing nozzle, which is fixedly installed and connected to the upper left side wall of the microwave cavity (21) and connected to the outlet pipe of the electromagnetic heater (12); the atomizing nozzle adopts an ultrasonic atomizing structure, including a piezoelectric transducer and a conical dispersion hood; The piezoelectric transducer is fixedly installed inside the center of the atomizing nozzle, and breaks the incoming methanol aqueous solution into micron-sized droplets through high-frequency vibration; The conical dispersion hood is fixedly installed at the right outlet of the piezoelectric transducer. Through the conical nozzle, it faces downwards directly at the surface of the smart catalytic chip (231), radially dispersing the micron-sized droplets to form a uniform fan-shaped mist field that covers the entire upper surface of the smart catalytic chip (231).

4. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The integrated array (2312) formed by integrating periodically fixed microcavity antennas and catalytic active sites through micro-nano fabrication technology includes, from bottom to top, a dielectric substrate (2313), a metal microcavity antenna layer (2314), and a nanocatalytic layer (2315). The dielectric substrate (2313) serves as the mechanical support and microwave field medium for the entire array. It is made of high-purity alumina ceramic to reinforce and stabilize the array and ensure efficient transmission of microwave energy. The metal microcavity antenna layer (2314) is fabricated on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (2313) using micro-nano processing technology to form a periodically arranged open resonant ring structure. It resonates with the microwave field, localizes the microwave energy and converts it into heat energy, forming local high-temperature hot spots on the periodically arranged open resonant ring structure. The nanocatalytic layer (2315) is made of a composite nanomaterial of platinum and zinc oxide. The composite nanomaterial of platinum and zinc oxide is selectively grown in the gap region and local high-temperature hot spot of the open resonant ring structure by atomic layer deposition technology, and is used to adsorb methanol water molecules.

5. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The periodically arranged open-loop resonant ring structure specifically includes: The periodically arranged open resonant ring structure consists of multiple composite resonant structures arranged at a fixed period on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate (2313) to form a periodic array. Each of the composite resonant structures adopts a concentric double-ring configuration, consisting of an inner ring and an outer ring that concentrically surrounds the inner ring, with an inter-ring gap formed between the inner ring and the outer ring; Both the inner and outer rings have 60-degree openings in the same radial direction on their ring walls, and the openings are strictly aligned circumferentially to form an opening gap. The gap between the rings and the gap between the openings form a gap region where local high-temperature hot spots are located, which together constitute an open resonant ring structure that synergistically enhances microwave energy.

6. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 4, characterized in that... The nanocatalytic layer (2315) is selectively grown using atomic layer deposition technology to grow a composite nanomaterial of platinum and zinc oxide in the gap region and local high-temperature hot spots of the open resonant ring structure. Specifically, it includes: The thickness of the nanocatalytic layer (2315) at the interring gap and opening gap of the open resonant ring structure is greater than the thickness of the nanocatalytic layer (2315) in other surface areas of the metal microcavity antenna layer (2314), so that the spatial distribution of the platinum and zinc oxide composite nanomaterial is consistent with the distribution of the local high temperature hot spot.

7. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator (31) includes an inlet chamber (311), a separation chamber (312), and a liquid collection chamber (313) connected sequentially from top to bottom via gas pipes; The inlet chamber (311) is located above the separation chamber (312). A mixture inlet is provided at the top of the inlet chamber (311), which is connected to the product outlet at the bottom of the microwave cavity (21) through a corrosion-resistant pipe. It is used to receive and guide the gaseous products after the reaction and the entrained micro-droplets downward into the separation chamber (312). After receiving gaseous products and possible entrained trace droplets through a gas pipeline, the separation chamber (312) uses multiple sets of staggered baffles arranged above it to change the direction of the rising airflow, causing the droplets to collide and aggregate with the surface of the baffles. Then, the larger droplets formed after the collision are allowed to settle naturally under gravity in a gravity settling zone set below the separation chamber (312), thus performing preliminary separation of possible entrained trace droplets. The gas after primary separation enters the condenser (32) through the gas phase outlet located on the upper right side wall of the separation chamber (312). The liquid collection chamber (313) is located directly below the separation chamber (312) and is used to receive the liquid that settles down from the separation chamber (312). A liquid return port is provided at the bottom of the liquid collection chamber (313) for discharging the recovered liquid.

8. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The condenser (32) is a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a shell, tube bundle (321) and cooling medium chamber (322). The upper part of the left side wall of the housing is provided with a gas inlet, which is connected to the gas phase outlet of the right side wall of the gas-liquid separator (31) through a gas pipe, and is used to receive the gas that has been preliminarily purified. The tube bundle (321) is vertically arranged inside the shell. The upper end of the tube bundle (321) is connected to the gas inlet, and the lower end of the tube bundle (321) is connected to the cooling gas outlet located on the right side of the bottom of the shell. The cooling medium cavity (322) is arranged around the tube bundle (321). The bottom of the cooling medium cavity (322) is provided with a cooling medium inlet, and the top of the cooling medium cavity (322) is provided with a cooling medium outlet, forming a counter-current heat exchange structure. Specifically, the countercurrent heat exchange structure is as follows: after the gaseous product enters the condenser (32) from the left, it flows from top to bottom in the tube bundle (321), and the cooling medium flows from bottom to top in the cooling medium chamber (322) to form countercurrent heat exchange and remove residual water vapor in the gaseous product; the cooled gas enters the hydrogen purification membrane (33) from the cooling gas outlet.

9. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen purification membrane (33) adopts a hollow fiber palladium composite membrane structure, including a membrane shell and a membrane core (331). The membrane shell is a cylindrical pressure-resistant container with a crude hydrogen inlet on the left side wall. It is connected to the cooling gas outlet of the condenser (32) through a gas pipe to receive the cooled gas. The membrane core (331) is composed of multiple bundles of hollow fiber palladium composite membranes arranged in parallel and vertically encapsulated in the center of the membrane shell. The inner cavity of the hollow fiber palladium composite membrane forms a tube side (3311) channel for collecting and exporting hydrogen gas, and divides the inside of the membrane shell into a tube side (3311) and a shell side (3312). The tube side (3311) and shell side (3312) refer to the tube side (3311) channel of the hollow fiber palladium composite membrane and the shell side (3312) channel between the inside of the membrane shell and the outside of the hollow fiber palladium composite membrane, respectively, which constitutes the flow of crude hydrogen mixed gas. The membrane shell has a high-purity hydrogen outlet at the center of the top, which is directly connected to the tube side (3311) channel to collect the permeated high-purity hydrogen; the membrane shell has a tail gas outlet at the center of the bottom, which is connected to the shell side (3312) channel to discharge the unpermeated carbon dioxide and other impurity gases.

10. The microwave-induced methanol-water hydrogen production device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The display and control device (4) includes a main control computer, a microwave power controller, a preheating controller, a flow controller, and a temperature sensing feedback component; the microwave power controller is used to adjust the output power, frequency, and phase of the microwave energy emission system (22); the preheating controller regulates the heating power and temperature of the inorganic electromagnetic preheating device (1); the flow controller controls the raw material flow rate of the raw material supply device (5); the temperature sensing feedback component is equipped with an infrared temperature probe installed below the microwave energy emission system (22) through a sealed interface and facing the surface of the intelligent catalytic chip (231) for real-time monitoring of the temperature of each catalytic site and feedback to the main control computer; The display and control device (4) is configured to acquire real-time temperature distribution data of each catalytic site on the smart catalytic chip (231) based on the temperature sensing feedback component, and compare it with the preset temperature field, thereby dynamically correcting the microwave signal parameters to form a temperature field that varies with space and time on the integrated array (2312).

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