Highway engineering soil compaction rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of highway test auxiliary instruments, and discloses a highway engineering soil compaction rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument, which comprises a bottom plate, four upright columns are fixedly installed on the top of the bottom plate, a top frame is fixedly installed among the tops of the four upright columns, a supporting seat is fixedly installed between the outer sides of the four upright columns and located below the top frame, a cylinder extending to the top of the supporting seat is movably installed on the inner side of the supporting seat, a supporting plate is fixedly installed on the left and right ends of the bottom of the supporting seat, a sealing mechanism extending to the inner side of the cylinder is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder, the sealing mechanism extends to the bottom of the supporting seat and is attached to the supporting plate, the highway engineering soil compaction rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument is provided with the sealing mechanism and the fixing mechanism, the soil sample after compaction can be conveniently taken out, the sealing mechanism and the extrusion mechanism are arranged, and the gas and moisture can be discharged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of highway testing auxiliary instruments, specifically a rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering is a specialized instrument used for geotechnical testing in highway engineering. It is mainly used for rapidly measuring and adjusting the thickness of soil samples during compaction. A search revealed Chinese Patent Publication No. CN211977768U, which discloses a novel rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering, including a compaction cylinder. The existing technical solutions described above have the following drawbacks: the single pressing plate design does not consider the influence of gas and moisture in the soil on the test results, making it impossible to expel gas and moisture, resulting in inaccurate experimental results. Furthermore, it is difficult to remove the compacted soil sample, and the inside of the compaction cylinder is difficult to clean thoroughly, affecting its use in subsequent tests. Therefore, this rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering is proposed to solve the aforementioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering. It has the advantages of being able to expel gas and moisture and making it easy to remove compacted soil samples, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution

[0006] To achieve the aforementioned objectives of venting gas and moisture and facilitating the removal of compacted soil samples, this invention provides the following technical solution: a rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering, comprising a base plate, four columns fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, a top frame fixedly installed between the tops of the four columns, a support base fixedly installed between the outer sides of the four columns and located below the top frame, a cylinder extending to the top of the support base movably installed on the inner side of the support base, a tray fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the bottom of the support base, a sealing mechanism extending to the inner side of the cylinder at the bottom of the cylinder, the sealing mechanism extending to the bottom of the support base and fitting against the tray, a fixing mechanism connected to the sealing mechanism at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the support base, a pressing mechanism extending to the top of the cylinder at the top of the top frame, and a drive assembly extending to the bottom of the top frame and connected to the pressing mechanism at the top of the top frame;

[0007] The sealing mechanism includes a bottom ring. The top of the support base has a circular groove, and the bottom of the support base has a circular hole communicating with the inner wall of the circular groove. The cylinder is movably installed inside the circular groove and fits against its inner wall. The diameter of the circular groove is larger than the diameter of the circular hole. The bottom ring is movably installed inside the circular groove and fits against the bottom of the cylinder. A circular plate with one end extending to the inner side of the cylinder and the other end extending to the inner side of the circular hole is fixedly installed on the inner side of the bottom ring. A sealing ring that fits against the inner side of the cylinder is movably installed on the outer side of the circular plate. Four locking blocks that extend to the inner side of the cylinder are fixedly installed on the top of the bottom ring. A first sponge block that fits against the top of the sealing ring is placed on the top of the circular plate. The first sponge block fits against the inner side of the cylinder. Fixing seats are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the circular plate.

[0008] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes an outer frame, with the outer frame fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the support base. The inner wall of the outer frame has strip-shaped holes on both the left and right sides. A sliding block extending to the inner side of the outer frame is slidably installed on the inner side of each strip-shaped hole. A sliding frame extending to the outer side of the outer frame is fixedly installed between the sliding blocks on both sides. A telescopic spring fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer frame is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding frame. A locking plate that engages with the fixing base is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding frame, and a U-shaped rod extending to the outer side of the outer frame is fixedly installed on the other side of the sliding frame.

[0009] Preferably, the extrusion mechanism includes vertical plates, and two vertical plates extending to their bottoms are slidably mounted on the top of the top frame. A pressure plate is fixedly mounted between the bottoms of the two vertical plates. An air leakage hole is opened on the inner side of the pressure plate, and a circular mounting hole is opened on the inner side of the pressure plate. A fixing rod extending to its bottom is movably mounted on the inner side of the circular mounting hole, and a second sponge block that fits against the bottom of the pressure plate is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the fixing rod.

[0010] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a threaded cylinder, the top of the top frame is rotatably connected to the threaded cylinder extending to its bottom, the top of the pressure plate is rotatably connected to a threaded rod, the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cylinder and extends to its top, a driven wheel is fixedly installed on the outer side of the threaded cylinder, a servo motor is fixedly installed on the top of the top frame, a drive wheel is fixedly installed at the output shaft of the servo motor, and a belt is drivingly connected between the outer sides of the drive wheel and the driven wheel.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the cylinder is provided with a rectangular groove that matches the locking block, and the four rectangular grooves are distributed in a ring at equal distances. The first sponge block is a relatively hard sponge block, the outer diameter of the bottom ring matches the inner diameter of the circular groove, and the diameter of the circular plate is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole.

[0012] Preferably, one side of the inner wall of the outer frame has a through hole adapted to the sliding frame, one side of the fixing seat has a rectangular groove adapted to the card plate, the number of telescopic springs inside a single sliding frame is two, and the outer side of the U-shaped rod is wrapped with a sponge sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the number and diameter of the air leakage holes can be set according to requirements, the size of the circular mounting holes is adapted to the fixing rod, the number of the circular mounting holes is six and they are distributed symmetrically in groups of three, and the second sponge block is a relatively hard sponge block.

[0014] Preferably, the inner side of the top frame is provided with a hole adapted to the threaded cylinder, a bearing is provided on the inner side of the hole, the threaded cylinder is rotatably connected to the hole through the bearing, and a stop is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded rod.

[0015] Preferably, the inner side of the top frame is provided with a through hole that matches the vertical plate, and the two vertical plates are symmetrically distributed from left to right.

[0016] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a rapid thickness adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This rapid thickness gauge for soil compaction in highway engineering, through the setting of a sealing mechanism and a fixing mechanism, allows the cylinder to be movably installed in the circular groove of the support base and fit against the inner wall. The bottom ring is also movably installed in the circular groove and fits against the bottom of the cylinder. Four locking blocks on the bottom ring are embedded into the corresponding rectangular grooves at the bottom of the cylinder, achieving initial positioning and connection between the bottom ring and the cylinder. The sealing ring on the outside of the circular plate fits tightly against the inside of the cylinder, providing a sealing function to prevent soil sample leakage from the bottom of the cylinder during compaction. The outer frame provides an installation framework for the internal structure, and the sliding block allows the sliding frame to slide within the outer frame. The telescopic spring... The spring provides elastic restoring force to the sliding frame. When the sealing mechanism needs to be fixed, pull the U-shaped rod to slide the sliding frame outward. The telescopic spring is stretched, and the sealing mechanism is placed in the appropriate position so that the rectangular groove on the fixing seat is aligned with the clamping plate. Release the U-shaped rod, and under the restoring force of the telescopic spring, the sliding frame slides inward, and the clamping plate is inserted into the rectangular groove of the fixing seat, thus fixing the sealing mechanism. When disassembling, simply pull the U-shaped rod to disassemble the cylinder and the sealing mechanism as a whole, making it easy to take out the soil sample inside, thus achieving the purpose of easy removal of the compacted soil sample.

[0019] 2. This rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering features a sealing mechanism and a compression mechanism. Two vertical plates are slidably installed on the top of the frame and extend to its bottom. A pressure plate is fixed between the bottom of the two vertical plates, allowing the pressure plate to move up and down below the frame. The number and diameter of the air leakage holes on the inner side of the pressure plate can be set according to requirements. During compaction, the air leakage holes can expel excess air from the cylinder, ensuring the compaction effect. The circular mounting hole is used to install the fixing rod, facilitating the installation of the second sponge block. The relatively hard second sponge block can contact the soil sample during compaction and absorb moisture from the soil sample. At the same time, the first sponge block of the sealing mechanism can also absorb moisture from the soil sample, achieving the purpose of expelling gas and moisture. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional view of the structure of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the connection between the extrusion mechanism and the drive assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the extrusion mechanism of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a partial bottom-view perspective view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a partial bottom sectional perspective view of the sealing mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a bottom perspective view of the sealing mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a bottom sectional perspective view of the connection between the sealing mechanism and the fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a bottom-view sectional perspective view of the fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0028] In the diagram: 1. Base plate, 2. Column, 3. Top frame, 4. Support base, 5. Cylinder, 6. Sealing mechanism, 61. Bottom ring, 62. Circular plate, 63. Sealing ring, 64. Locking block, 65. First sponge block, 66. Fixing base, 7. Fixing mechanism, 71. Outer frame, 72. Strip hole, 73. Sliding block, 74. Sliding frame, 75. Telescopic spring, 76. Locking plate, 77. U-shaped rod, 8. Extrusion mechanism, 81. Vertical plate, 82. Pressure plate, 83. Air leakage hole, 84. Circular mounting hole, 85. Fixing rod, 86. Second sponge block, 9. Drive assembly, 91. Threaded cylinder, 92. Threaded rod, 93. Driven wheel, 94. Servo motor, 95. Drive wheel, 96. Belt, 10. Support plate. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-8 This invention provides a technical solution: a rapid thickness gauge for soil compaction in highway engineering, comprising a base plate 1, providing a stable mounting surface for the columns 2, ensuring the overall structural stability of the instrument and preventing shaking or displacement during compaction operations. Four columns 2 are fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 1, connecting the base plate 1 and the top frame 3, providing support for the top frame 3, and constructing the basic framework structure of the instrument, ensuring accurate and stable relative positions between components. A top frame 3 is fixedly installed between the tops of the four columns 2, providing mounting positions for the extrusion mechanism 8 and the drive assembly 9, serving as the load-bearing platform for the upper structure of the instrument, and also a key component for force transmission and support during compaction operations. A support base 4 is fixedly installed between the outer sides of the four columns 2, located below the top frame 3, to support the cylinder 5, providing a stable placement position for the cylinder 5. Simultaneously, the circular grooves and holes on the support base 4 cooperate with the sealing mechanism 6 to seal and secure the bottom of the cylinder 5. A cylindrical body 5 extending to the top of the support base 4 is movably installed on the inner side of the support base 4. A scale is provided on the front side of the cylindrical body 5. The cylindrical body 5 is transparent and is the main container for soil compaction operations, used to hold the soil material to be compacted. Its bottom cooperates with the sealing mechanism 6 to ensure that the soil material does not leak during the compaction process. At the same time, its structure is easy to disassemble and install, and convenient to take out and put in the soil material. The left and right ends of the bottom of the support base 4 are fixedly installed with support plates 10, which provide support and contact surface for the sealing mechanism 6. Cooperating with the sealing mechanism 6, the sealing effect is enhanced and the soil material is prevented from leaking from the bottom of the cylindrical body 5. The bottom of the cylindrical body 5 is provided with a sealing mechanism 6 extending to its inner side. The sealing mechanism 6 extends to the bottom of the support base 4 and is in contact with the support plate 10. The front and rear ends of the bottom of the support base 4 are provided with fixing mechanisms 7 connected to the sealing mechanism 6. The top of the top frame 3 is provided with a pressing mechanism 8 extending to the top of the cylindrical body 5. The top of the top frame 3 is provided with a drive assembly 9 extending to its bottom and connected to the pressing mechanism 8.

[0031] The sealing mechanism 6 includes a bottom ring 61. A circular groove is formed on the top of the support base 4, and a circular hole is formed on the bottom of the support base 4, communicating with the inner wall of the groove. The cylinder 5 is movably installed inside the groove and fits against its inner wall. The diameter of the groove is larger than the diameter of the circular hole. The bottom ring 61 is movably installed inside the groove and fits against the bottom of the cylinder 5, serving to connect the cylinder 5 and the circular plate 62. Its outer diameter matches the inner diameter of the groove, ensuring a tight seal. A circular plate 6, with one end extending into the inner side of the cylinder 51 and the other end extending into the inner side of the circular hole, is fixedly installed inside the bottom ring 61. 2. A sealing ring 63 is movably installed on the outer side of the circular plate 62 to fit against the inner side of the cylinder 5, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the bottom of the cylinder 5 and preventing the geomaterial from leaking from the gaps during compaction. Four locking blocks 64 are fixedly installed on the top of the bottom ring 61 and extend to the inner side of the cylinder 5. A first sponge block 65 is placed on the top of the circular plate 62 to fit against the top of the sealing ring 63. The first sponge block 65 fits against the inner side of the cylinder 5 and absorbs the moisture in the soil sample. Fixing seats 66 are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the circular plate 62.

[0032] The bottom of the cylinder 5 is provided with a rectangular groove that matches the locking block 64. The four rectangular grooves are distributed in a ring at equal intervals. The first sponge block 65 is a relatively hard sponge block. The outer diameter of the bottom ring 61 matches the inner diameter of the circular groove. The diameter of the circular plate 62 is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole.

[0033] The fixing mechanism 7 includes an outer frame 71. The outer frame 71 is fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the support base 4. The inner wall of the outer frame 71 has strip holes 72 on both the left and right sides to provide a track for the sliding block 73 to slide and restrict the sliding direction of the sliding block 73 so that it can only slide along the direction of the strip hole 72. The sliding block 73 extending to the inner side of the outer frame 71 is slidably installed on the inner side of the strip hole 72, connecting the sliding frames 74 on the left and right sides so that the sliding frame 74 can slide smoothly. The sliding frame 74 extending to the outer side of the outer frame 71 is fixedly installed between the sliding blocks 73 on the left and right sides. The inner wall of the sliding frame 74 is fixedly installed with a telescopic spring 75 that is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer frame 71. A card plate 76 that engages with the fixing base 66 is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding frame 74. A U-shaped rod 77 extending to the outer side of the outer frame 71 is fixedly installed on the other side of the sliding frame 74 to facilitate the operator to pull.

[0034] One side of the inner wall of the outer frame 71 has a through hole that matches the sliding frame 74, and one side of the fixed seat 66 has a rectangular groove that matches the card plate 76. There are two telescopic springs 75 inside the single sliding frame 74, and the outside of the U-shaped rod 77 is covered with a sponge sleeve.

[0035] The extrusion mechanism 8 includes vertical plates 81. Two vertical plates 81 extending to the bottom of the top frame 3 are slidably installed on the top of the top frame 3 to provide support and sliding guidance for the pressure plate 82, allowing the pressure plate 82 to slide smoothly up and down below the top frame 3 to achieve the compaction operation. The pressure plate 82 is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two vertical plates 81. It compacts the geomaterial by moving up and down. The inner side of the pressure plate 82 is provided with air leakage holes 83. During the compaction process, the air leakage holes 83 can discharge the air between the pressure plate 82 and the geomaterial to prevent air accumulation from affecting the compaction effect and to ensure that the pressure can be evenly transmitted to the geomaterial. The inner side of the pressure plate 82 is provided with circular mounting holes 84. A fixing rod 85 extending to the bottom of the circular mounting hole 84 is movably installed inside the circular mounting hole 84. A second sponge block 86 that fits against the bottom of the pressure plate 82 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing rod 85.

[0036] The number and diameter of the air leakage holes 83 can be set according to the requirements. The size of the circular mounting holes 84 is adapted to the fixing rod 85. There are six circular mounting holes 84, and they are distributed symmetrically in groups of three. The second sponge block 86 is a relatively hard sponge block. The inner side of the top frame 3 is provided with a through hole adapted to the vertical plate 81. The two vertical plates 81 are distributed symmetrically from left to right.

[0037] The drive assembly 9 includes a threaded cylinder 91. The top of the top frame 3 is rotatably connected to the threaded cylinder 91 extending to its bottom, converting the rotational motion into the linear motion of the threaded rod 92, thereby driving the pressure plate 82 to move up and down. The top of the pressure plate 82 is rotatably connected to the threaded rod 92, which is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cylinder 91 and extends to its top. A driven wheel 93 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the threaded cylinder 91, which is connected to the driving wheel 95 via a belt 96. The driven wheel 93 rotates under the drive of the driving wheel 95, thereby driving the threaded cylinder 91 to rotate. A servo motor 94 is fixedly installed on the top of the top frame 3. A driving wheel 95 is fixedly installed at the output shaft of the servo motor 94. A belt 96 is connected between the outer side of the driving wheel 95 and the driven wheel 93, so that the power of the servo motor 94 can be smoothly transmitted to the threaded cylinder 91 to drive the pressure plate 82 to perform the compaction operation.

[0038] The inner side of the top frame 3 is provided with a hole that is compatible with the threaded cylinder 91. A bearing is provided on the inner side of the hole. The threaded cylinder 91 is rotatably connected to the hole through the bearing. A stop is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded rod 92.

[0039] During use, check that all parts of the instrument are intact, ensuring that the base plate 1 is placed stably and that the columns 2, top frame 3, and support base 4 are securely connected. Prepare the soil sample to be used for the compaction test and pre-treat the soil sample according to the test requirements, such as drying and sieving. Place the bottom ring 61 into the circular groove, and place the cylinder 5 into the circular groove of the support base 4, ensuring that the cylinder 5 is in contact with the inner wall of the circular groove. Make the locking block 64 embed into the rectangular groove at the bottom of the cylinder 5, while ensuring that the sealing ring 63 on the outside of the circular plate 62 is in close contact with the inside of the cylinder 5. Place the first sponge block 65 on the top of the circular plate 62 and make it in contact with the sealing ring 63 and the inside of the cylinder 5. Pull the U-shaped rod 77 on the outer frame 71 at both ends of the bottom of the support base 4 to make the sliding frame 74 slide outward, and the telescopic spring 75 is stretched. Adjust the sealing mechanism 6 to a suitable position so that the rectangular groove on the fixed base 66 is aligned with the locking plate 76. Release the U-shaped rod 77, and under the restoring force of the telescopic spring 75, the locking plate 76 is locked. The sealing mechanism 6 is fixed in the rectangular groove of the fixed seat 66. The pre-treated soil sample is slowly loaded into the cylinder 5. The loading amount and uniformity of the soil sample are carefully controlled to avoid local accumulation or gaps. Ensure that the vertical plate 81 of the extrusion mechanism 8 is correctly installed in the through hole at the top of the top frame 3 and that the pressure plate 82 is located directly above the cylinder 5. Check whether the threaded cylinder 91, threaded rod 92, driven wheel 93, driving wheel 95 and belt 96 of the drive assembly 9 are installed correctly. Ensure that the servo motor 94 is connected normally. Set the parameters of the servo motor 94 according to the test requirements, such as speed and rotation direction. Start the servo motor 94. The driving wheel 95 drives the driven wheel 93 to rotate through the belt 96, which in turn makes the threaded cylinder 91 rotate. The threaded rod 92 moves downward along the threaded cylinder 91, which drives the pressure plate 82 to press down and compact the soil sample in the cylinder 5. During the compaction process, excess air in the cylinder 5 is discharged through the air leakage hole 83 on the pressure plate 82. The second sponge block 86 contacts the soil sample, applies pressure evenly to ensure compaction, and absorbs moisture from the soil sample. After the test, the servo motor 94 is turned off, and the pressure plate 82 stops moving. The U-shaped rod 77 is pulled to separate the clamping plate 76 from the fixed seat 66. The sealing mechanism 6 is removed, and the cylinder 5 is taken out from the circular groove of the support seat 4. The compacted soil sample is taken out from the cylinder 5 for subsequent thickness measurement and other test analysis. All parts of the instrument are cleaned, and the cylinder 5, sealing mechanism 6, etc. are cleaned and properly stored for future use.

[0040] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0041] In summary, this rapid thickness gauge for soil compaction in highway engineering, through the setting of a sealing mechanism 6 and a fixing mechanism 7, allows the cylinder 5 to be movably installed in the circular groove of the support base 4 and to fit against the inner wall. The bottom ring 61 is also movably installed in the circular groove and fits against the bottom of the cylinder 5. The four locking blocks 64 on the bottom ring 61 are embedded in the corresponding rectangular grooves at the bottom of the cylinder 5, achieving the initial positioning and connection between the bottom ring 61 and the cylinder 5. The sealing ring 63 on the outer side of the circular plate 62 fits tightly against the inner side of the cylinder 5, playing a sealing role and preventing soil samples from leaking from the bottom of the cylinder 5 during the compaction process. The outer frame 71 provides an installation frame for the internal structure. The sliding block 73 allows the sliding frame 74 to slide within the outer frame 71. The telescopic spring 75 provides elastic restoring force to the sliding frame 74. When it is necessary to fix the sealing mechanism 6, pull the U-shaped rod 77 to slide the sliding frame 74 outward from the outer frame 71. The telescopic spring 75 is stretched. At this time, place the sealing mechanism 6 in a suitable position so that the rectangular groove on the fixing seat 66 is aligned with the clamping plate 76. Release the U-shaped rod 77. Under the restoring force of the telescopic spring 75, the sliding frame 74 slides inward, and the clamping plate 76 is inserted into the rectangular groove of the fixing seat 66, thus fixing the sealing mechanism 6. To disassemble, simply pull the U-shaped rod. 77, the cylinder 5 and sealing mechanism 6 can be disassembled as a whole, making it easy to remove the soil sample from its inside, thus achieving the purpose of easy removal of the compacted soil sample. By setting the sealing mechanism 6 and the squeezing mechanism 8, two vertical plates 81 are slidably installed on the top of the top frame 3 and extend to its bottom. The pressure plate 82 is fixed between the bottom of the two vertical plates 81, so that the pressure plate 82 can move up and down under the top frame 3. The number and diameter of the air leakage holes 83 opened on the inner side of the pressure plate 82 can be set according to the requirements. During the compaction process, the air leakage holes 83 can discharge excess air in the cylinder 5 to ensure the compaction effect. The circular mounting hole 84 is used for The mounting rod 85 facilitates the installation of the second sponge block 86. The relatively hard second sponge block 86 can contact the soil sample during compaction and absorb the moisture in the soil sample. At the same time, the first sponge block 65 of the sealing mechanism 6 can also absorb the moisture in the soil sample, thus achieving the purpose of expelling gas and moisture. This solves the problem that the single pressing plate design does not take into account the influence of gas and moisture in the soil on the test results, and cannot expel gas and moisture, resulting in inaccurate test results. In addition, it is difficult to remove the compacted soil sample, and the inside of the compaction cylinder is difficult to clean thoroughly, affecting the use of the next test.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rapid thickness measuring and adjusting instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering, comprising a base plate (1), four columns (2) fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (1), a top frame (3) fixedly installed between the tops of the four columns (2), a support base (4) fixedly installed between the outer sides of the four columns (2) and located below the top frame (3), a cylinder (5) extending to the top of the support base (4) is movably installed on the inner side of the support base (4), and a support plate (10) is fixedly installed at both the left and right ends of the bottom of the support base (4), characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (5) is provided with a sealing mechanism (6) extending to its inner side. The sealing mechanism (6) extends to the bottom of the support base (4) and fits against the tray (10). The bottom front and rear ends of the support base (4) are provided with fixing mechanisms (7) connected to the sealing mechanism (6). The top of the top frame (3) is provided with a pressing mechanism (8) extending to the top of the cylinder (5). The top of the top frame (3) is provided with a driving assembly (9) extending to its bottom and connected to the pressing mechanism (8). The sealing mechanism (6) includes a bottom ring (61). The top of the support base (4) has a circular groove, and the bottom of the support base (4) has a circular hole that communicates with the bottom wall of the circular groove. The cylinder (5) is movably installed inside the circular groove and fits against its inner wall. The diameter of the circular groove is larger than the diameter of the circular hole. The bottom ring (61) is movably installed inside the circular groove and fits against the bottom of the cylinder (5). One end of the bottom ring (61) extends to the inside of the cylinder (51) and the other end extends to the circular groove. A circular plate (62) is placed inside the shaped hole. A sealing ring (63) that fits against the inner side of the cylinder (5) is movably installed on the outer side of the circular plate (62). Four locking blocks (64) that extend to the inner side of the cylinder (5) are fixedly installed on the top of the bottom ring (61). A first sponge block (65) that fits against the top of the sealing ring (63) is placed on the top of the circular plate (62). The first sponge block (65) fits against the inner side of the cylinder (5). Fixing seats (66) are fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the circular plate (62).

2. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism (7) includes an outer frame (71). The outer frame (71) is fixedly installed at both the front and rear ends of the bottom of the support base (4). The inner wall of the outer frame (71) has strip holes (72) on both the left and right sides. A sliding block (73) extending to the inner side of the strip hole (72) is slidably installed on the inner side of the strip hole (72). A sliding frame (74) extending to the outer side of the outer frame (71) is fixedly installed between the sliding blocks (73) on the left and right sides. A telescopic spring (75) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sliding frame (71) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the sliding frame (74). A card plate (76) that engages with the fixing base (66) is fixedly installed on one side of the sliding frame (74). A U-shaped rod (77) extending to the outer side of the outer frame (71) is fixedly installed on the other side of the sliding frame (74).

3. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extrusion mechanism (8) includes a vertical plate (81). Two vertical plates (81) extending to the bottom are slidably installed on the top of the top frame (3). A pressure plate (82) is fixedly installed between the bottoms of the two vertical plates (81). An air leakage hole (83) is opened on the inner side of the pressure plate (82). A circular mounting hole (84) is opened on the inner side of the pressure plate (82). A fixing rod (85) extending to the bottom of the circular mounting hole (84) is movably installed on the inner side of the circular mounting hole (84). A second sponge block (86) that fits against the bottom of the pressure plate (82) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixing rod (85).

4. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (9) includes a threaded cylinder (91), the top of the top frame (3) is rotatably connected to the threaded cylinder (91) extending to its bottom, the top of the pressure plate (82) is rotatably connected to a threaded rod (92), the threaded rod (92) is threadedly connected to the inner side of the threaded cylinder (91) and extends to its top, a driven wheel (93) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the threaded cylinder (91), a servo motor (94) is fixedly installed on the top of the top frame (3), a drive wheel (95) is fixedly installed at the output shaft of the servo motor (94), and a belt (96) is connected between the drive wheel (95) and the outer side of the driven wheel (93).

5. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the cylinder (5) is provided with a rectangular groove that matches the locking block (64). The four rectangular grooves are distributed in a ring at equal distances. The first sponge block (65) is a relatively hard sponge block. The outer diameter of the bottom ring (61) matches the inner diameter of the circular groove. The diameter of the circular plate (62) is smaller than the diameter of the circular hole.

6. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of one side of the outer frame (71) is provided with a through hole that matches the sliding frame (74), and the side of the fixing seat (66) is provided with a rectangular groove that matches the card plate (76). The number of telescopic springs (75) inside a single sliding frame (74) is two, and the outer side of the U-shaped rod (77) is covered with a sponge sleeve.

7. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number and diameter of the air leakage holes (83) can be set according to the requirements. The size of the circular mounting hole (84) is adapted to the fixing rod (85). The number of the circular mounting holes (84) is six, and they are distributed symmetrically in groups of three. The second sponge block (86) is a relatively hard sponge block.

8. The rapid thickness measurement and adjustment instrument for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top frame (3) has a hole adapted to the threaded cylinder (91) on its inner side. A bearing is provided on the inner side of the hole. The threaded cylinder (91) is rotatably connected to the hole through the bearing. A stop block is fixedly installed on the top of the threaded rod (92).

9. A rapid thickness gauge for soil compaction in highway engineering according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top frame (3) has through holes on its inner side that are compatible with the vertical plates (81), and the two vertical plates (81) are symmetrically distributed from left to right.

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