Method and system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open coal piles

Abstract

The application provides an open coal pile spontaneous combustion prevention control method and system, the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration of the target position inside the open coal pile in real time; determining the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate and flammable gas concentration change rate according to the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration of the target position in the preset time window; determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target position according to the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate and flammable gas concentration change rate and the corresponding preset change rate threshold; and executing the spontaneous combustion prevention warning measure according to the spontaneous combustion risk level. The application cooperatively judges the spontaneous combustion risk level through the change rate indexes of the three data of temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration, not only reduces the interference of environmental fluctuations on a single index, avoids the false alarm or missed alarm problem, but also can discover the risk in advance, timely performs the cooling spontaneous combustion prevention, and improves the coal pile safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of coal mine safety technology, and in particular to a method and system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles. Background Technology

[0002] During long-term storage, open-air coal piles are prone to developing high-temperature zones deep within the pile due to internal oxidation heat release, density of the pile, external ambient temperature, and ventilation conditions. This can lead to spontaneous combustion, resulting in coal resource loss, environmental pollution, and safety accidents.

[0003] In existing technologies, early warning systems for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles mainly rely on static thresholds for temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration. An alarm is triggered when a certain indicator exceeds a preset fixed value. However, spontaneous combustion of coal is a typical nonlinear, dynamically accelerating process. The static threshold method has two drawbacks: first, threshold setting relies on experience and has poor adaptability across coal types, making it prone to false alarms or missed alarms due to environmental fluctuations (such as diurnal temperature variations, rainfall, and air leakage); second, static warnings can only respond after the indicator reaches a dangerous absolute value, failing to capture the early inflection point of a sudden acceleration in the oxidation rate, often missing the optimal intervention window.

[0004] Therefore, existing early warning methods for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles based on static thresholds suffer from delayed warnings and difficulty in effectively controlling the risk of spontaneous combustion. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles, in order to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles, including: The temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration of the coal pile at the target location inside the open coal pile are acquired in real time. Based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window, determine the rate of temperature change, the rate of oxygen concentration change, and the rate of flammable gas concentration change. The spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. Based on the stated spontaneous combustion risk level, implement spontaneous combustion prevention and early warning measures.

[0007] Optionally, determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, includes: The first spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the temperature change rate and the preset temperature change rate threshold. The second spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the oxygen concentration change rate and the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold. The third spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the flammable gas concentration change rate and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. The spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined based on the first spontaneous combustion probability, the second natural probability, and the third natural probability.

[0008] Optionally, determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, includes: When at most one of the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate is greater than the corresponding change rate threshold, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the first risk level. When two of the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate are greater than their corresponding change rate thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the second risk level. When the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration are all greater than the corresponding rate of change thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the third risk level.

[0009] Optionally, the implementation of spontaneous combustion prevention early warning measures based on the spontaneous combustion risk level includes: When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level, a low-pressure slow-release cooling mode is executed to inject gaseous inert material into the target location. When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the third risk level, a high-pressure enhanced cooling mode is executed to inject liquid inert material into the target location.

[0010] Optionally, before determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, the method further includes: Obtain the coal type characteristics of the open-air coal pile; Based on the characteristics of the coal type, the preset temperature change rate threshold, the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold are determined.

[0011] Secondly, this application provides an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control system, including: a temperature sensor, an oxygen concentration detection sensor, a flammable gas concentration detection sensor, an inert gas spraying device, and a control device; The inert gas spraying device includes: a storage tank, a pipeline, and a nozzle, wherein the storage tank is connected to the nozzle through the pipeline; The temperature sensor, the oxygen concentration detection sensor, the flammable gas concentration detection sensor, and the nozzle are installed in a corresponding manner at multiple preset locations inside the open coal pile. The temperature sensor, the oxygen concentration detection sensor, the flammable gas concentration detection sensor, and the inert gas spraying device are connected to the control device. The control device is used to perform the method described in any of the first aspects.

[0012] Optionally, the temperature sensors are distributed at first preset distances along the depth direction of the open coal pile, and the temperature sensors in each layer are spaced at a second preset distance.

[0013] Optionally, a pressure regulating valve and a flow controller are installed on the pipeline, and both the pressure regulating valve and the flow controller are connected to the control device.

[0014] Thirdly, this application provides an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control device, comprising: The acquisition module is used to acquire the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration at the target location inside the open coal pile in real time; and to determine the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate and flammable gas concentration change rate based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window. The rating determination module is used to determine the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. The execution module is used to implement anti-spontaneous combustion early warning measures based on the spontaneous combustion risk level.

[0015] Fourthly, this application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory; The memory stores the instructions that the computer executes; The processor executes computer execution instructions stored in memory, causing the processor to perform the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0016] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a readable storage medium including a program or instructions that, when run on a computer, execute the method described in any of the first aspects above.

[0017] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0018] The method and system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles provided in this application acquire the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at a target location inside the open-air coal pile in real time; determine the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window; determine the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold; and implement spontaneous combustion prevention early warning measures based on the spontaneous combustion risk level. This embodiment uses three data indicators—temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration—to collaboratively determine the spontaneous combustion risk level. This reduces the interference of environmental fluctuations (such as diurnal temperature differences, localized air leaks, and short-term rainfall) on a single indicator, avoiding false alarms or missed alarms. Furthermore, by using the rate of change of these three data points as a judgment indicator, the risk can be detected when the corresponding values ​​have not yet reached the danger threshold but the oxidation reaction has already begun to accelerate. This allows for timely cooling to prevent spontaneous combustion, achieving integrated linkage of "monitoring-early warning-cooling-spontaneous combustion prevention" without manual intervention, thus improving the safety of coal piles. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an embodiment of this application provides a method for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In existing technologies, early warning systems for preventing spontaneous combustion of coal piles rely on static thresholds for temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration. This means that an alarm is triggered when a certain indicator exceeds a preset fixed value, leading to delayed warnings and difficulty in effectively controlling the risk of spontaneous combustion. Furthermore, temperature monitoring inside coal piles often relies on surface infrared thermography or shallow single-point temperature measurement, which fails to accurately reflect the true temperature state at depth, resulting in monitoring blind spots.

[0023] Therefore, to address the technical problems existing in the prior art, this application proposes a method and system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles. By installing temperature sensors, oxygen concentration sensors, and flammable gas concentration sensors at multiple preset locations inside the open-air coal pile, the method collects temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration data at different locations inside the coal pile. Based on the rate of change of temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration inside the coal pile, the method determines the spontaneous combustion risk level of the coal pile, mitigating the impact of environmental factors such as diurnal temperature differences, rainfall, and air leakage. Compared to static thresholds, this method can provide early warning of spontaneous combustion and improve the accuracy of the warning.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control system provided in one embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the open-air coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion control system includes: a temperature sensor 101, an oxygen concentration detection sensor 102, a flammable gas concentration detection sensor 103, an inert gas spraying device 104, and a control device 105. The inert gas spraying device 104 includes: a storage tank, a pipeline, and a nozzle, wherein the storage tank is connected to the nozzle via the pipeline; Temperature sensor 101, oxygen concentration detection sensor 102, flammable gas concentration detection sensor 103, and nozzles are installed in multiple preset positions inside the open coal pile, one for each of them. Temperature sensor 101, oxygen concentration detection sensor 102, flammable gas concentration detection sensor 103, inert gas spraying device 104 are connected to control device 105; The control device 105 is used to perform the methods described in the following embodiments of this application.

[0025] In this embodiment, there are multiple temperature sensors 101, oxygen concentration detection sensors 102, and flammable gas concentration detection sensors 103. Each temperature sensor 101 corresponds to at least one oxygen concentration detection sensor 102 and one flammable gas concentration detection sensor 103. Each group of temperature sensors 101, oxygen concentration detection sensors 102, and flammable gas concentration detection sensors 103 is installed in a preset position inside the same open coal pile to detect the temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at that preset position.

[0026] Furthermore, by setting the nozzles in correspondence with the temperature sensor 101, the oxygen concentration detection sensor 102, and the flammable gas concentration detection sensor 103, the cooling pipe network and the temperature measurement points are laid out at the same location, enabling precise positioning and targeted cooling of high-temperature areas, avoiding resource waste, and preventing spontaneous combustion from the source.

[0027] The inert gas spraying device 104 is used to store, transport, and spray inert substances. The storage tank stores inert substances, which can be in gaseous or liquid form. Pipelines are used to transport the inert substances to the corresponding nozzles, from which they are sprayed out to replace the oxygen and flammable gases at that location. In addition, the inert substances can also be used to lower the temperature at that location and prevent spontaneous combustion of coal at that location.

[0028] Each preset location is marked with an identifier to identify it. The temperature sensor 101, oxygen concentration sensor 102, flammable gas concentration sensor 103, and the nozzle installed at each preset location are also identified by the identifier. Thus, after the control device 105 obtains the temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration, it determines the corresponding preset location based on the identifier. The control device 105 then determines the spontaneous combustion risk level of that preset location based on these parameters, and controls the corresponding nozzle to spray inert gas according to the spontaneous combustion risk level. The specific operation of the control device 105 is described in the embodiments of this application and will not be repeated here.

[0029] Optionally, in the prior art, temperature sensors 101 are generally set on the surface or shallow layer of the coal pile, making it difficult to detect the temperature at the depth of the coal pile. Therefore, in this embodiment, temperature sensors 101 are distributed at intervals of a first preset distance along the depth direction of the open coal pile, and the temperature sensors 101 in each layer are spaced apart by a second preset distance.

[0030] Specifically, the temperature sensor 101 is a fiber optic temperature sensing component, which is arranged in layers along the depth direction of the coal stack. The horizontal spacing of each layer of fiber optics is 1.5-2.0m, and a layer is arranged every 0.8-1.0m in the depth direction. The ends of the fibers extend to the outside of the coal stack and are connected to the control device 105. The fiber optic temperature measurement range is -20℃ to 150℃, and the temperature measurement accuracy is ≤±0.5℃. It can realize continuous and real-time temperature acquisition of the entire depth of the coal stack, eliminating monitoring blind spots.

[0031] Optionally, a pressure regulating valve and a flow controller are installed on the pipeline, both connected to the control device 105. By using the pressure regulating valve and flow controller to detect the pressure and flow rate of the inert substance in the pipeline, the pressure and flow rate are sent to the control device 105. The control device 105 then dynamically adjusts the pressure and flow rate of the inert substance in the pipeline according to the natural risk level, thereby ensuring that the pressure and flow rate correspond to the natural risk level and achieving graded early warning.

[0032] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating an embodiment of this application provides a method for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: S201. Real-time acquisition of coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at target locations inside open-air coal piles.

[0033] In this step, the distributed fiber optic temperature sensing component continuously collects temperature data from different depths and areas of the coal pile at a frequency of once every 1-5 minutes. Similarly, the oxygen concentration detection sensor and the flammable gas concentration detection sensor collect oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration. For the coal pile, the flammable gas is generally carbon monoxide.

[0034] Among them, the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing component, oxygen concentration detection sensor, and flammable gas concentration detection sensor need to be collected synchronously so that the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration correspond in both location and time.

[0035] This embodiment uses the target location as an example for explanation. Since the target location corresponds to a unique identifier, the distributed fiber optic temperature sensing component, oxygen concentration detection sensor, and flammable gas concentration detection sensor will carry the corresponding identifier when uploading data packets containing data to the control device.

[0036] In addition, when the distributed fiber optic temperature sensing component, oxygen concentration detection sensor, and flammable gas concentration detection sensor detect the corresponding coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration, they will record the timestamp corresponding to the detection time, thus carrying the corresponding timestamp on the data packet.

[0037] In this way, the control device uses the identifier and timestamp to determine that the data in the data packet is the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location at the time corresponding to the timestamp.

[0038] S202. Based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location within the preset time window, determine the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration.

[0039] In this step, the preset time window includes the time corresponding to the timestamp recorded in the data packet received by the control device (i.e., the current time) and the previous time. For example, the preset time window includes the current time and the previous time, or the preset time window includes the current time and multiple consecutive previous times.

[0040] When the preset time window includes the current moment and the previous moment, the corresponding temperature change rate is determined based on the coal pile temperature and the sampling frequency corresponding to the current moment and the previous moment, respectively. When the preset time window includes the current moment and multiple consecutive previous moments, the temperature change rate between adjacent moments can be calculated sequentially, and then the corresponding temperature change rate is determined based on multiple temperature change rates.

[0041] Using the above methods, the rates of change in oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration were obtained respectively.

[0042] S203. Determine the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold.

[0043] In this step, spontaneous combustion of coal piles requires oxygen and carbon monoxide. Although coal piles are more likely to spontaneously combust when the temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration are high, temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration, especially temperature, are easily affected by the environment and fluctuate greatly. Therefore, even if the temperature is high and the oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration are also high, spontaneous combustion may not necessarily occur.

[0044] However, when a coal pile spontaneously combusts or is in the oxidation stage, the temperature rises rapidly, and due to combustion, the oxygen and carbon monoxide concentrations drop rapidly. Therefore, the rate of change of temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration can better reflect the probability of spontaneous combustion of a coal pile.

[0045] Therefore, the rate of temperature change is compared with a preset temperature change rate threshold, the rate of oxygen concentration change is compared with a preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and the rate of flammable gas concentration change is compared with a preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. Based on the results of these three comparisons, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined.

[0046] It should be noted that different types of coal have different conditions for spontaneous combustion. That is, even with the same rate of temperature change, oxygen concentration change, and flammable gas concentration change, some useful types of coal will spontaneously combust, while others will not. Therefore, it is necessary to set corresponding preset thresholds for the rate of temperature change, oxygen concentration change, and flammable gas concentration change based on the type of coal.

[0047] The preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold for each type of coal can be obtained through experiments.

[0048] Therefore, prior to S203, the method further includes: S21. Obtain the coal type characteristics of the open coal pile.

[0049] S22. Based on the characteristics of the coal type, determine the preset temperature change rate threshold, the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold.

[0050] For S21 and S22, the user inputs the coal type of the coal pile into the control device through the human-machine interface, so that the control device determines the coal type characteristics of the open-pit coal pile based on the coal type. The control device pre-stores the coal type characteristics corresponding to different coal types, and also pre-stores preset threshold values ​​for temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate corresponding to the coal type characteristics.

[0051] Therefore, the control device matches the coal type characteristics to the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold.

[0052] In this way, by pre-storing the characteristics of each type of coal and their corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, the adaptability and flexibility of the method shown in the embodiments of this application can be improved, making it suitable for temperature measurement and cooling control of different types of coal.

[0053] S204. Implement spontaneous combustion prevention and early warning measures according to the spontaneous combustion risk level.

[0054] In this step, different spontaneous combustion risk levels are set according to the three comparison results corresponding to the target location. Different spontaneous combustion risk levels correspond to different probabilities of spontaneous combustion. For example, in this embodiment, the spontaneous combustion risk level is set to three risk levels, namely the first risk level, the second risk level, and the third risk level, with the probability of spontaneous combustion increasing in sequence.

[0055] Furthermore, different spontaneous combustion risk levels are set up with different early warning measures to prevent spontaneous combustion. Once the spontaneous combustion risk level is determined, the corresponding early warning measures are implemented. The higher the spontaneous combustion risk level, the stronger and more efficient the corresponding early warning measures are, in order to quickly eliminate the risk of spontaneous combustion and ensure the safety of the coal pile.

[0056] This embodiment acquires the temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration of the coal pile at a target location inside the open-air coal pile in real time. Based on the temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window, it determines the rate of change of temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration. Based on these rates of change, along with corresponding preset thresholds for temperature, oxygen, and flammable gas concentration, it determines the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location. Based on the spontaneous combustion risk level, it implements early warning measures to prevent spontaneous combustion. This embodiment uses three data indicators—temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration—to collaboratively determine the spontaneous combustion risk level, reducing the interference of environmental fluctuations (such as diurnal temperature differences, localized air leakage, and short-term rainfall) on a single indicator and avoiding false alarms or missed alarms. Furthermore, by using the rate of change of these three data points as a judgment indicator, it can detect risks even before the corresponding values ​​reach the danger threshold, but when the oxidation reaction has already begun to accelerate, thus enabling timely cooling to prevent spontaneous combustion. This achieves integrated linkage of "monitoring-early warning-cooling-spontaneous combustion prevention" without manual intervention, improving the safety of the coal pile.

[0057] Alternatively, another specific implementation of S203 is as follows: S311. Determine the first spontaneous combustion probability based on the temperature change rate and the preset temperature change rate threshold.

[0058] S312. Determine the second spontaneous combustion probability based on the oxygen concentration change rate and the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold.

[0059] S313. Determine the third spontaneous combustion probability based on the flammable gas concentration change rate and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold.

[0060] S314. Determine the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the first spontaneous combustion probability, the second natural probability, and the third natural probability.

[0061] In this embodiment, for S311-S314, when the coal pile is in the oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion and during spontaneous combustion, the temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration will all change. However, the degree of influence on the changes in temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration varies. For example, when the coal pile is in the oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion and during spontaneous combustion, the temperature changes more rapidly, while the changes in oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration are slower compared to the temperature. Therefore, when the temperature changes more rapidly, it indicates that the probability of the coal pile being in the oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion or during spontaneous combustion is relatively high. If the temperature change is small, but the changes in oxygen concentration and carbon monoxide concentration are more significant, it may be due to environmental influences.

[0062] Therefore, corresponding probabilities can be set for changes in temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration to determine the risk level of spontaneous combustion.

[0063] Specifically, the first spontaneous combustion probability related to temperature is determined based on the temperature change rate and the preset temperature change rate threshold. For example, when the temperature change rate is greater than or equal to the preset temperature change rate threshold, the first spontaneous combustion probability is 1, and when the temperature change rate is less than the preset temperature change rate threshold, the first spontaneous combustion probability is 0.

[0064] Similarly, when the rate of change of oxygen concentration is greater than or equal to the preset threshold for the rate of change of oxygen concentration, the second probability of spontaneous combustion is 1, and when the rate of change of oxygen concentration is less than the preset threshold for the rate of change of oxygen concentration, the second probability of spontaneous combustion is 0.

[0065] When the rate of change of carbon monoxide concentration is greater than or equal to the preset threshold for the rate of change of flammable gas concentration, the third probability of spontaneous combustion is 1; when the rate of change of carbon monoxide concentration is less than the preset threshold for the rate of change of flammable gas concentration, the third probability of spontaneous combustion is 0.

[0066] Then, based on pre-set first, second, and third weights, as well as the first spontaneous combustion probability, second natural probability, and third natural probability, the spontaneous combustion risk level is determined. The first, second, and third weights represent the degree of influence of the first, second, and third natural probabilities on the spontaneous combustion risk level, respectively, and can be set manually based on experience or obtained through big data training. Generally, the first weight is greater than the second and third weights.

[0067] When determining the spontaneous combustion risk level based on the first weight, second weight, and third weight, as well as the first spontaneous combustion probability, second natural probability, and third natural probability, a spontaneous combustion probability is output using the first weight, second weight, and third weight, as well as the first spontaneous combustion probability, second natural probability, and third natural probability.

[0068] When the probability of spontaneous combustion is less than or equal to the first preset spontaneous combustion probability, the spontaneous combustion risk level is the first risk level; when the probability of spontaneous combustion is greater than the first preset natural probability and less than or equal to the second preset natural probability, the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level; when the probability of spontaneous combustion is greater than the second preset natural probability, the spontaneous combustion risk level is the third risk level.

[0069] The first preset spontaneous combustion probability and the second preset natural probability are set by humans based on experience or obtained through big data training.

[0070] In this embodiment, by converting the change rates of temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration into independent spontaneous combustion probabilities before making a comprehensive evaluation, it is possible to finely characterize the differentiated contribution of the degree of abnormality of each indicator to the overall risk, thereby achieving a more accurate and reasonable graded early warning than simple counting.

[0071] Alternatively, another specific implementation of S203 is as follows: S321. When at most one of the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration is greater than the corresponding rate of change threshold, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the first risk level.

[0072] S322. When two of the following factors—temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate—are greater than their corresponding change rate thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the second risk level.

[0073] S323. When the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration are all greater than the corresponding rate of change threshold, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the third risk level.

[0074] In this embodiment, for S321-S323, when the coal pile is in the oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion and during spontaneous combustion, the temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration will all change rapidly. When the temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration do not change, it indicates that the coal pile is in the installation state and there is no risk of spontaneous combustion. If only one changes, it is in the initial oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion of the coal pile. Generally, two of the three data points will change, such as an increase in temperature and an increase in carbon monoxide concentration. Therefore, if only one changes, it is very likely a change caused by the environment, such as a sudden drop in temperature or rainfall. At this time, the probability of spontaneous combustion is extremely small. Therefore, the spontaneous combustion risk level at this time is set as the first risk level.

[0075] When a coal pile is in the initial oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion, there will be two changes in temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration. This is because the coal pile releases heat, causing the temperature to rise, and releases carbon monoxide, causing the carbon monoxide concentration to rise. Therefore, when there are two changes in temperature, oxygen concentration, and carbon monoxide concentration, it indicates that the coal pile is in the initial oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion, and thus the probability of spontaneous combustion is also high. The corresponding risk level is set as the second risk level.

[0076] When a coal pile is in the accelerated oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion or in a state of spontaneous combustion, it not only releases a large amount of heat and carbon monoxide but also rapidly consumes oxygen. This leads to an increase in temperature and carbon monoxide concentration, and a decrease in oxygen concentration, causing the rates of change for temperature, carbon monoxide, and oxygen concentration to all exceed their corresponding threshold values. Therefore, when the rates of change for temperature, carbon monoxide, and oxygen concentration all exceed their corresponding threshold values, it indicates that the probability of the coal pile being in the accelerated oxidation stage before spontaneous combustion or in a state of spontaneous combustion is extremely high, thus setting the spontaneous combustion risk level to the third risk level.

[0077] In this embodiment, the temperature change rate, oxygen consumption rate, and carbon monoxide production rate are used to reflect the characteristics of the same coal pile's spontaneous combustion or oxidation stage from three independent indicators: "heat release, oxygen consumption, and gas production." Based on the number of indicators exceeding the threshold among the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and carbon monoxide concentration change rate, the spontaneous combustion risk is divided into three progressive levels. This achieves a collaborative quantitative assessment of the dynamic trends of multiple indicators, effectively avoiding misjudgments caused by environmental fluctuations due to a single indicator, and providing a reliable basis for graded and precise cooling.

[0078] Optionally, one specific implementation of S204 is as follows: S2041. When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level, a low-pressure slow-release cooling mode is implemented to inject gaseous inert substances into the target location; and when the spontaneous combustion risk level is the third risk level, a high-pressure enhanced cooling mode is implemented to inject liquid inert substances into the target location.

[0079] Specifically, when the spontaneous combustion risk level is the first risk level, it means that the risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile is low. At this time, the coal pile can be cooled down in real time according to the method shown in the embodiment of this application.

[0080] When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level, the probability of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile increases. At this time, a low-pressure slow-release cooling mode is implemented, that is, the control device controls the storage tank to start outputting the stored inert substance. In this embodiment, carbon dioxide is used as an example of the inert substance. Furthermore, the control device controls the opening of the pressure regulating valve on the pipeline and adjusts the flow rate through the flow controller, so that the carbon dioxide supply pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa and the flow rate is 5-10 m³ / h. Simultaneously, the control device controls the nozzle corresponding to the target location to slowly inject gaseous carbon dioxide into the target location. On the one hand, the gaseous carbon dioxide replaces the oxygen and flammable gases in the target area, inhibiting the oxidation reaction; on the other hand, the gaseous carbon dioxide absorbs heat, achieving a slight cooling, delaying the temperature rise, and avoiding excessively rapid cooling that could cause the coal pile to clump.

[0081] When the spontaneous combustion risk level is level three, the probability of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile is extremely high. At this time, a high-pressure enhanced cooling mode is implemented. The opening of the pressure regulating valve on the control pipeline is increased, and the flow rate is increased through the flow controller. The carbon dioxide supply pressure is adjusted to 1.5-2.0 MPa, and the flow rate is increased to 15-20 m³ / h, injecting liquid carbon dioxide directionally into the high-temperature point. Utilizing the principle that the liquid carbon dioxide rapidly vaporizes upon contact with the high-temperature area and absorbs a large amount of heat, rapid cooling is achieved, with a cooling rate of 5-8℃ / h. At the same time, a large amount of gaseous carbon dioxide rapidly replaces the oxygen inside the coal pile, reducing the oxygen concentration to below 10%, inhibiting the oxidation reaction at its source and preventing spontaneous combustion.

[0082] It should be noted that after implementing the anti-spontaneous combustion warning measures, the temperature of the coal pile still needs to be measured according to the embodiments shown in this application to determine the effectiveness of the anti-spontaneous combustion warning measures.

[0083] It should be noted that if the temperature of the coal pile still rises after the implementation of the spontaneous combustion prevention warning measures, emergency layer stripping auxiliary measures should be activated to strip the coal at the target location to a safe area to further control the risk of spontaneous combustion.

[0084] In this embodiment, by automatically matching the precise graded injection of low-pressure slow-release gaseous carbon dioxide or high-pressure enhanced liquid carbon dioxide according to the spontaneous combustion risk level, the synergy of targeted cooling and efficient inerting is achieved. After implementing the spontaneous combustion prevention early warning measures, the effect feedback is provided, and emergency stripping is carried out when necessary, ensuring the controllable handling and closed-loop safety guarantee of the spontaneous combustion risk of coal piles.

[0085] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control device provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the open-air coal pile spontaneous combustion prevention control device includes: acquisition module 301, level determination module 302, and execution module 303.

[0086] The acquisition module 301 is used to acquire in real time the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration at the target location inside the open coal pile; and to determine the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate and flammable gas concentration change rate based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window. The rating determination module 302 is used to determine the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. The execution module 303 is used to execute anti-spontaneous combustion early warning measures according to the spontaneous combustion risk level.

[0087] Optionally, the level determination module 302 determines the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, specifically for: The first spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the temperature change rate and the preset temperature change rate threshold. The second spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the oxygen concentration change rate and the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold. The third spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the flammable gas concentration change rate and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. The spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined based on the first spontaneous combustion probability, the second natural probability, and the third natural probability.

[0088] Optionally, the level determination module 302 determines the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, specifically for: When at most one of the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate is greater than the corresponding change rate threshold, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the first risk level. When two of the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate are greater than their corresponding change rate thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the second risk level. When the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration are all greater than the corresponding rate of change thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the third risk level.

[0089] Optionally, the execution module 303 executes anti-spontaneous combustion early warning measures according to the spontaneous combustion risk level, specifically for: When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level, a low-pressure slow-release cooling mode is executed to inject gaseous inert material into the target location. When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the third risk level, a high-pressure enhanced cooling mode is executed to inject liquid inert material into the target location.

[0090] Optionally, before determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, the acquisition module 301 is further configured to: Obtain the coal type characteristics of the open-air coal pile; Based on the characteristics of the coal type, the preset temperature change rate threshold, the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold are determined.

[0091] The open-air coal pile anti-spontaneous combustion control device provided in this application embodiment can be referred to the above method embodiment for its specific implementation process. Its implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0092] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may be... Figure 1 Control devices in, such as Figure 4 As shown, the electronic device includes a processor 401 and a memory 402.

[0093] The memory 402 stores computer-executed instructions.

[0094] The processor 401 executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 402, causing the processor 401 to perform the method described in any of the above embodiments.

[0095] The electronic device provided in this application embodiment can be referred to the above method embodiment for its specific implementation process. The implementation principle and technical effect are similar, and will not be repeated here.

[0096] In the above Figure 4In the illustrated embodiments, it should be understood that the processor can be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this invention can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0097] The memory may include high-speed RAM, and may also include non-volatile storage (NVM), such as at least one disk storage.

[0098] The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. Buses can be categorized as address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, the buses shown in the accompanying drawings are not limited to a single bus or a single type of bus.

[0099] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a processor, implement the method shown in the above-described method embodiments.

[0100] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk. The readable storage medium can be any available medium accessible to a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0101] An exemplary readable storage medium is coupled to a processor, enabling the processor to read information from and write information to the readable storage medium. Of course, the readable storage medium can also be a component of the processor. The processor and the readable storage medium can reside in an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC). Alternatively, the processor and the readable storage medium can exist as discrete components in the device.

[0102] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the above-described method embodiments can be implemented by hardware related to program instructions. The aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed, the program performs the steps of the above-described method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0103] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles, characterized in that, include: The temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration of the coal pile at the target location inside the open coal pile are acquired in real time. Based on the coal pile temperature, oxygen concentration, and flammable gas concentration at the target location within a preset time window, determine the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate. The spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. Based on the stated spontaneous combustion risk level, implement spontaneous combustion prevention and early warning measures.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, includes: The first spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the temperature change rate and the preset temperature change rate threshold. The second spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the oxygen concentration change rate and the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold. The third spontaneous combustion probability is determined based on the flammable gas concentration change rate and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold. The spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined based on the first spontaneous combustion probability, the second natural probability, and the third natural probability.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, includes: When at most one of the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate is greater than the corresponding change rate threshold, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the first risk level. When two of the temperature change rate, oxygen concentration change rate, and flammable gas concentration change rate are greater than their corresponding change rate thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the second risk level. When the rate of change of temperature, the rate of change of oxygen concentration, and the rate of change of flammable gas concentration are all greater than the corresponding rate of change thresholds, the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location is determined to be the third risk level.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The aforementioned measures for preventing spontaneous combustion, based on the risk level of spontaneous combustion, include: When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the second risk level, a low-pressure slow-release cooling mode is executed to inject gaseous inert material into the target location. When the spontaneous combustion risk level is the third risk level, a high-pressure enhanced cooling mode is executed to inject liquid inert material into the target location.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Before determining the spontaneous combustion risk level of the target location based on the temperature change rate, the oxygen concentration change rate, and the flammable gas concentration change rate, as well as the corresponding preset temperature change rate threshold, preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold, the method further includes: Obtain the coal type characteristics of the open-air coal pile; Based on the characteristics of the coal type, the preset temperature change rate threshold, the preset oxygen concentration change rate threshold, and the preset flammable gas concentration change rate threshold are determined.

6. A control system for preventing spontaneous combustion of open-air coal piles, characterized in that, include: Temperature sensor, oxygen concentration sensor, flammable gas concentration sensor, inert gas spraying device and control device; The inert gas spraying device includes: a storage tank, a pipeline, and a nozzle, wherein the storage tank is connected to the nozzle through the pipeline; The temperature sensor, the oxygen concentration detection sensor, the flammable gas concentration detection sensor, and the nozzle are installed in a corresponding manner at multiple preset locations inside the open coal pile. The temperature sensor, the oxygen concentration detection sensor, the flammable gas concentration detection sensor, and the inert gas spraying device are connected to the control device. The control device is used to perform the method described in any one of claims 1-5.

7. The open-air coal pile self-ignition prevention control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature sensors are distributed at first preset distances along the depth direction of the open coal pile, and the temperature sensors in each layer are spaced at a second preset distance.

8. The open-air coal pile spontaneous combustion prevention control system according to claim 6, characterized in that, A pressure regulating valve and a flow controller are installed on the pipeline, and both the pressure regulating valve and the flow controller are connected to the control device.

9. A readable storage medium, characterized in that, include: A program or instruction that, when run on a computer, performs the method described in any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that, Includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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