Porous carrier immobilized microorganism packed denitrification reaction device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of denitrification reaction devices, and particularly relates to a porous carrier immobilized microbial filling type denitrification reaction device, which comprises a reaction assembly arranged along a second direction, and the reaction assembly comprises a reaction shell; and an elastic carrier layer is arranged in the reaction shell along the second direction. The output end of a rotary mechanism is arranged to rotate around the second direction and cooperate with an inclined block to drive a supporting sieve plate to periodically and linearly reciprocate along the second direction, so that the elastic carrier layer is extruded by the cooperation of the supporting sieve plate and a limiting sieve plate, and then the elastic carrier layer is periodically compressed and rebounded to generate breathing type micro-movement, which can break the hardening and adhesion caused by the thickening of the biofilm attached to the elastic carrier layer, discharge the denitrification gas attached to the inside of the elastic carrier layer, reduce the water head loss, improve the liquid phase mass transfer inside and outside the elastic carrier layer, and prolong the backwashing period.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of denitrification reaction equipment technology, specifically to a porous carrier immobilized microorganism packed denitrification reaction equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In existing biological denitrification reactors, porous carrier immobilized microbial technology has been widely used in wastewater treatment due to its advantages such as high biomass, strong resistance to shock loads, low sludge production, and simple solid-liquid separation. However, in actual engineering operation, this type of device generally faces a prominent operational bottleneck: as the operating time continues to extend, microorganisms proliferate in large quantities on the surface and in the internal pores of the elastic porous carrier, gradually forming a biofilm with increasing thickness and a dense structure. These biofilms intertwine and adhere with suspended particles carried in the influent, causing the carrier layer to gradually harden and harden, and the originally loose and porous carrier structure becomes... The compacted structure significantly reduces porosity. Meanwhile, during the process of denitrifying bacteria reducing nitrates to nitrogen in an anaerobic environment, the nitrogen bubbles produced easily adhere to the tiny pores inside the carrier. Due to the physical obstruction of the carrier structure and the surface tension of the bubbles themselves, these bubbles are difficult to detach and escape upwards on their own, gradually accumulating inside the carrier. The nitrogen bubbles occupy a large amount of effective space, further aggravating the blockage of the carrier layer, narrowing the water flow channel, increasing water flow resistance, and causing a sharp increase in head loss. The continuous increase in head loss will lead to increased system energy consumption, decreased treatment capacity, and in severe cases, even overflow or shutdown accidents.

[0003] Traditional methods mainly rely on shutdown for air-water backwashing, which uses the combined flushing action of high-speed water flow and compressed air to remove and expel blockages. However, backwashing has several inherent drawbacks: First, backwashing requires interrupting the normal operation of the reactor, leading to a disruption in the treatment process and affecting the continuity of effluent quality. Second, the backwashing process consumes a large amount of clean water and electricity, increasing operating costs and resource consumption. Third, the strong flushing action can easily cause a large loss of immobilized microorganisms, weakening the system's biological treatment capacity and shortening the effective lifespan of the carrier. In addition, frequent backwashing can cause fatigue damage or even breakage of the elastic carrier structure due to repeated and intense mechanical action, seriously affecting the long-term stable operation of the device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a porous carrier-immobilized microbial packed denitrification reaction device, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reaction device, comprising a reaction component arranged along a second direction, wherein the reaction component includes a reaction shell; The elastic carrier layer is disposed within the reaction shell along the second direction; The mechanical loosening assembly includes a supporting screen plate, an inclined block, a rotating mechanism, and a limiting screen plate. The supporting screen plate is slidably connected within the reaction shell along a second direction and abuts against the surface of the elastic carrier layer along the second direction. The inclined block is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting screen plate along the second direction. The rotating mechanism is disposed on the reaction shell along the second direction, and its output end can rotate around the second direction to cooperate with the inclined block to control the periodic movement of the supporting screen plate along the second direction. The limiting screen plate, the elastic carrier layer, and the supporting screen plate are arranged sequentially along the second direction, and the limiting screen plate abuts against the surface of the elastic carrier layer along the second direction.

[0006] Preferably, the reaction assembly further includes a water distribution plate and a water inlet pipe. The water distribution plate is disposed inside the reaction shell along the second direction. The water inlet pipe extends radially out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell along the water distribution plate and communicates with the inner cavity of the water distribution plate.

[0007] Preferably, the rotary mechanism includes a motor, a square rod, a slide cylinder, and a stop block. The motor is fixedly mounted on the surface of the reaction shell along the second direction, and the motor shaft extends through the surface of the reaction shell along the second direction. The square rod is fixedly mounted on the surface of the motor shaft along the second direction. The slide cylinder is slidably connected to the outside of the square rod along the second direction. A stop block is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the slide cylinder, and the slope of the stop block abuts against the inclined surface of the inclined block.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes a segmented opening gas distribution assembly, which includes multiple gas distribution mechanisms, multiple gas distribution mechanisms and a flow splitting mechanism. The multiple gas distribution mechanisms are sequentially arranged on the reaction shell along a second direction. The output end of the gas distribution mechanism is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism along a first direction, and the flow splitting mechanism is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the gas distribution mechanism includes an inlet pipe, a support pipe, a baffle, a connecting pipe, a long groove, an annular pipe, and an outlet. The inlet pipe extends radially out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell. A support pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the circumferential surface of the inlet pipe. The support pipe is slidably connected to the elastic carrier layer in a second direction. The baffle is slidably connected to the outer side of the support pipe in a second direction. The connecting pipe extends radially out of the surface of the baffle. A long groove is formed on the circumferential surface of the baffle. An annular pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the end of the connecting pipe. The annular pipe is fitted into an annular groove formed along the circumferential surface of the elastic carrier layer. Multiple evenly distributed outlets are formed on the circumferential surface of the annular pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the gas distribution mechanism includes a fixed cylinder, a fixed gate, a sealing cylinder, and a movable gate. The fixed cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the intake pipe. The fixed gate is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder. The sealing cylinder is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder around the axial direction. The movable gate is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder. The movable gate abuts against the surface of the fixed gate along the first direction. The movable gate and the fixed gate are misaligned around the axial direction to create a flow channel.

[0011] Preferably, the diversion mechanism includes a connecting pipe, an air distribution pipe, and an air inlet cylinder. The connecting pipe extends out of the surface of the fixed cylinder along a first direction. The air distribution pipe is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe, and the air inlet cylinder is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the air distribution pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the mechanical loosening assembly further includes an opening and closing control mechanism, which includes a guide rod, a sliding sleeve, a rack, an incomplete toothed ring, a sliding pin, a fixing ring, and a torsion spring. The guide rod is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the supporting screen plate and extends beyond the circumferential surface of the reaction shell. The guide rod can move along a second direction, and a sliding sleeve is fixedly connected to the end of the guide rod. The sliding sleeve can slide along the second direction on the circumferential surface of the reaction shell. The rack is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding sleeve along the second direction, and the incomplete toothed ring rotates axially. The incomplete toothed ring and the rack mesh, the sliding pin is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the incomplete toothed ring, the sliding pin passes through the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder, the sliding pin can rotate around the circumference of the fixed cylinder, the sliding pin is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder, the fixed ring is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder, the torsion spring is disposed between the fixed ring and the incomplete toothed ring along the first direction, one end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed ring along the first direction, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the surface of the incomplete toothed ring along the first direction.

[0013] Preferably, a sealing ring is fitted on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve, and the sealing ring abuts against the circumferential surface of the reaction shell.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention sets up a rotary mechanism whose output end rotates around a second direction and cooperates with an inclined block to drive the supporting screen plate to reciprocate in a periodic linear motion along the second direction. This causes the elastic carrier layer to be compressed by the supporting screen plate and the limiting screen plate, resulting in the periodic compression and rebound of the elastic carrier layer. This generates a breathing-like micro-movement, which can break up the caking and adhesion caused by the thickening of the biofilm attached to the elastic carrier layer, discharge the denitrification gas attached to the inside of the elastic carrier layer, reduce head loss, improve the liquid phase mass transfer between the inside and outside of the elastic carrier layer, and extend the backwashing cycle. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the reaction shell of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the supporting sieve plate of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a perspective view of the annular tube of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the support tube of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the support tube of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the fixed cylinder of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the water distribution plate of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the water distribution plate of the present invention.

[0016] In the diagram: 100, reaction assembly; 110, reaction shell; 120, water distribution plate; 130, water inlet pipe; 200, elastic carrier layer; 300, mechanical loosening assembly; 400, segmented opening gas distribution assembly; 310, supporting screen plate; 320, inclined block; 330, rotary mechanism; 331, motor; 332, square rod; 333, sliding cylinder; 334, stop block; 340, limiting screen plate; 350, opening and closing control mechanism; 351, guide rod; 352, sliding sleeve; 353, rack; 35 4. Incomplete toothed ring; 355. Sliding pin; 356. Fixed ring; 357. Torsion spring; 410. Air distribution mechanism; 411. Air inlet pipe; 412. Support pipe; 413. Sleeve; 414. Connecting pipe; 415. Long groove; 416. Ring pipe; 417. Air outlet; 420. Air distribution mechanism; 421. Fixed cylinder; 422. Fixed gate; 423. Sealing cylinder; 424. Movable gate; 430. Diverting mechanism; 431. Connecting pipe; 432. Air distribution pipe; 433. Air inlet cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please see Figures 1-9A porous carrier-immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor includes a reaction assembly 100 arranged along a second direction. The reaction assembly 100 includes a reaction shell 110; an elastic carrier layer 200 arranged along the second direction within the reaction shell 110; and a mechanical loosening assembly 300, including a supporting sieve plate 310, an inclined block 320, a rotating mechanism 330, and a limiting sieve plate 340. The supporting sieve plate 310 is slidably connected within the reaction shell 110 along the second direction and abuts against the elastic carrier layer 200. Along the second direction, the inclined block 320 is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting screen plate 310 along the second direction. The rotary mechanism 330 is arranged on the reaction shell 110 along the second direction. The output end of the rotary mechanism 330 can rotate around the second direction and is used to cooperate with the inclined block 320 to control the periodic movement of the supporting screen plate 310 along the second direction. The limiting screen plate 340, the elastic carrier layer 200 and the supporting screen plate 310 are arranged in sequence along the second direction. The limiting screen plate 340 abuts against the surface of the elastic carrier layer 200 along the second direction. The reaction assembly 100 is used to construct the supporting shell and reaction space of the entire device. The reaction shell 110 serves as the main container, providing the installation base and fluid channel for the internal components. The elastic carrier layer 200 serves as the main attachment substrate for immobilized microorganisms. Its elastic deformation characteristics enable periodic compression and rebound to promote internal mass transfer and gas discharge. The mechanical loosening assembly 300 compresses the elastic carrier layer 200. The supporting sieve plate 310 serves as a direct force application element to transmit driving force to the elastic carrier layer 200. The inclined block 320 serves as a motion conversion interface to convert rotary motion into linear motion. The rotary mechanism 330 serves as a power source to cooperate with the inclined block 320 to drive the supporting sieve plate 310 to perform periodic lifting and lowering motion in the second direction. The limiting sieve plate 340, together with the supporting sieve plate 310, forms an upper and lower limiting structure to constrain the expansion direction of the elastic carrier layer 200 under pressure and prevent the carrier from being lost with the water flow. By setting the output end of the rotary mechanism 330 to rotate around the second direction and cooperate with the inclined block 320, the supporting screen plate 310 is driven to periodically reciprocate in a straight line along the second direction. This causes the elastic carrier layer 200 to be squeezed by the supporting screen plate 310 and the limiting screen plate 340, which in turn causes the elastic carrier layer 200 to be periodically compressed and rebounded, generating a breathing-like micro-movement. This can break the caking and adhesion caused by the thickening of the biofilm attached to the elastic carrier layer 200, discharge the denitrification gas attached to the inside of the elastic carrier layer 200, reduce head loss, improve the liquid phase mass transfer between the inside and outside of the elastic carrier layer 200, and extend the backwashing cycle.

[0019] Specifically, the reaction assembly 100 also includes a water distribution plate 120 and a water inlet pipe 130. The water distribution plate 120 is disposed inside the reaction housing 110 along the second direction. The water inlet pipe 130 passes through the circumferential surface of the reaction housing 110 along the radial direction of the water distribution plate 120. The water inlet pipe 130 passes through the circumferential surface of the water distribution plate 120 and communicates with the inner cavity of the water distribution plate 120. By setting up a water distribution plate 120, the raw water entering the reactor is evenly distributed to the entire cross-section of the reactor, avoiding water flow short circuits or local impacts, and providing uniform water inlet conditions for the subsequent elastic carrier layer 200. By setting up an inlet pipe 130, the external sewage to be treated is introduced into the water distribution plate 120 as the inlet channel for raw water.

[0020] Specifically, the rotary mechanism 330 includes a motor 331, a square rod 332, a slide cylinder 333, and a stop block 334. The motor 331 is fixedly installed on the surface of the reaction shell 110 along the second direction, and the rotating shaft of the motor 331 extends through the surface of the reaction shell 110 along the second direction. The square rod 332 is fixedly installed on the surface of the rotating shaft of the motor 331 along the second direction. The slide cylinder 333 is slidably connected to the outside of the square rod 332 along the second direction. The stop block 334 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the slide cylinder 333, and the slope of the stop block 334 abuts against the inclined surface of the inclined block 320. A motor 331 is provided to provide a power source for rotation around the second direction. A square rod 332 is provided as a torque transmission component, whose square cross-section can transmit rotational motion while allowing the mating parts to slide axially. A slide cylinder 333 is provided to receive the rotational motion transmitted by the square rod 332 and to slide freely in the second direction to adapt to the lifting stroke of the supporting screen plate 310. A stop block 334 is provided as a motion conversion element to convert the rotational motion of the slide cylinder 333 into the linear motion of the inclined block 320 along the second direction through inclined surface cooperation.

[0021] Specifically, it also includes a segmented opening gas distribution assembly 400, which includes multiple gas distribution mechanisms 410, multiple gas distribution mechanisms 420, and a flow splitting mechanism 430. The multiple gas distribution mechanisms 410 are sequentially arranged on the reaction shell 110 along the second direction. The output end of the gas distribution mechanism 420 is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism 410 along the first direction. The flow splitting mechanism 430 is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism 420. By setting multiple gas distribution mechanisms 410, gas is delivered to different depths of the elastic carrier layer 200 along the height of the reactor, realizing spatial zoned gas supply. By setting multiple gas distribution mechanisms 420, the air intake opening of each layer of gas distribution mechanism 410 is independently controlled, thereby adjusting the gas supply flow of each layer. By setting a diversion mechanism 430, compressed air from the external gas source is evenly distributed to each gas distribution mechanism 420 to ensure stable gas pressure in each branch.

[0022] Specifically, the gas distribution mechanism 410 includes an inlet pipe 411, a support pipe 412, a baffle 413, a connecting pipe 414, a long groove 415, an annular pipe 416, and an outlet hole 417. The inlet pipe 411 extends radially out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell 110. The support pipe 412 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the circumferential surface of the inlet pipe 411. The support pipe 412 can slide along the second direction within the elastic carrier layer 200. The baffle 413 can slide along the second direction to the outer side of the support pipe 412. The connecting pipe 414 extends radially out of the surface of the baffle 413. A long groove 415 is provided on the circumferential surface of the baffle 413. An annular pipe 416 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the end of the connecting pipe 414. The annular pipe 416 is fitted into an annular groove provided along the circumferential surface of the elastic carrier layer 200. Multiple evenly distributed outlet holes 417 are provided on the circumferential surface of the annular pipe 416. An inlet pipe 411 is provided to introduce external gas into the reactor. A support pipe 412 is provided as a guide and support to provide an axial sliding track for subsequent components and to bear radial loads. A baffle 413 is provided to slide along the second direction on the surface of the support pipe 412 to adapt to the deformation of the elastic carrier layer 200. A connecting pipe 414 is provided as a gas flow channel to transport gas in the inlet pipe 411. A long groove 415 is provided to accommodate the connecting pipe 414 and allow it to move along the groove when the baffle 413 slides, avoiding interference. An annular pipe 416 is provided as an annular gas distribution element to evenly distribute gas in the same circumferential direction at the same height of the elastic carrier layer 200. Multiple evenly distributed outlet holes 417 are provided to spray gas into the interior of the elastic carrier layer 200 in the form of fine bubbles.

[0023] Specifically, the air distribution mechanism 420 includes a fixed cylinder 421, a fixed gate 422, a sealing cylinder 423, and a movable gate 424. The fixed cylinder 421 is fixedly sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the air intake pipe 411. The fixed gate 422 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder 421. The sealing cylinder 423 is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder 421 around the axial direction. The movable gate 424 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder 423. The movable gate 424 abuts against the surface of the fixed gate 422 along the first direction. The movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 are misaligned around the axial direction to create a flow channel. By setting a fixed cylinder 421, a fixed mounting base and sealing shell are provided for the internal valve plate assembly. By setting a fixed gate 422 as a stator valve plate, a fixed airflow blocking surface is formed. By setting a sealing cylinder 423 as a rotor element, the movable gate 424 is supported and its rotation is adjusted. By setting a movable gate 424 as a rotor valve plate, it cooperates with the fixed gate 422 to form a variable flow channel opening. The movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 are axially misaligned to create a flow channel. When they rotate relative to each other, the size of the overlapping area changes, thereby adjusting the cross-sectional area through which the gas passes.

[0024] Specifically, the diversion mechanism 430 includes a connecting pipe 431, an air distribution pipe 432, and an air inlet cylinder 433. The connecting pipe 431 extends out of the surface of the fixed cylinder 421 along the first direction. The air distribution pipe 432 is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe 431. The air inlet cylinder 433 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the air distribution pipe 432. By setting a connecting pipe 431, gas is introduced into the fixed cylinder 421. By setting a gas distribution pipe 432, gas is distributed to multiple connecting pipes 431. By setting an air inlet cylinder 433, compressed air is introduced into the gas distribution pipe 432 as an interface for an external gas source pipeline. By setting multiple ring pipes 416 sequentially in the annular groove of the elastic carrier layer 200 along the second direction, and by adjusting the relative angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 in each layer of the gas distribution mechanism 420, the air inlet opening of each layer of ring pipe 416 can be independently controlled, thereby forming a stable dissolved oxygen gradient in the elastic carrier layer 200 along the second direction. The gas distribution mechanism 420 with a small opening along the second direction near the supporting sieve plate 310 has a lower oxygen supply rate than the oxygen consumption rate, forming an anoxic zone. The gas distribution mechanism 420 with a large opening along the second direction away from the supporting sieve plate 310 has a higher oxygen supply rate than the oxygen consumption rate, forming an aerobic zone, thus achieving spatial partitioning denitrification within the same reactor.

[0025] Specifically, the mechanical loosening assembly 300 also includes an opening and closing control mechanism 350. The opening and closing control mechanism 350 includes a guide rod 351, a sliding sleeve 352, a rack 353, an incomplete toothed ring 354, a sliding pin 355, a fixing ring 356, and a torsion spring 357. The guide rod 351 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the supporting screen plate 310. The guide rod 351 extends beyond the circumferential surface of the reaction shell 110 and can move along a second direction. The end of the guide rod 351 is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve 352, which can slide along the second direction on the circumferential surface of the reaction shell 110. The rack 353 is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding sleeve 352 along the second direction. The incomplete toothed ring 354... 4. Rotating around the axial direction, the incomplete toothed ring 354 and the rack 353 mesh, the sliding pin 355 is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the incomplete toothed ring 354, the sliding pin 355 passes through the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder 421, the sliding pin 355 can rotate around the circumference of the fixed cylinder 421, the sliding pin 355 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder 423, the fixed ring 356 is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder 421, the torsion spring 357 is arranged between the fixed ring 356 and the incomplete toothed ring 354 along the first direction, one end of the torsion spring 357 is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed ring 356 along the first direction, and the other end of the torsion spring 357 is fixedly connected to the surface of the incomplete toothed ring 354 along the first direction; By setting guide rod 351, the linear motion of the supporting sieve plate 310 is transmitted to the outside of the reaction shell 110. By setting sliding sleeve 352, the groove on the reaction shell 110 for the guide rod 351 to pass through is closed. By setting rack 353, the linear motion is converted into rotational motion. By setting incomplete toothed ring 354, the linear motion of rack 353 is converted into its own rotational motion, and its incomplete tooth structure limits the rotation angle range. By setting sliding pin 355, the rotational motion of incomplete toothed ring 354 is transmitted to sealing cylinder 423, thereby driving movable gate 424 to rotate. By setting fixed ring 356, a fixed end point is provided for torsion spring 357, and a reset torque is provided after incomplete toothed ring 354 rotates, so that it automatically returns to its original position when rack 353 moves in the opposite direction. When the supporting screen plate 310 moves to compress the elastic carrier layer 200, the supporting screen plate 310 drives the sliding sleeve 352 to slide in the second direction via the guide rod 351. The rack 353 on the sliding sleeve 352 drives the incomplete toothed ring 354 to rotate. The incomplete toothed ring 354 drives the sealing cylinder 423 to rotate via the sliding pin 355, changing the relative angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422. By pre-setting the initial installation angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 in each layer of the air distribution mechanism 420, when the incomplete toothed ring 354 rotates by the same angle, the movable gate 424 of the air distribution mechanism 420 closer to the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the closing direction, reducing the flow channel opening, while the movable gate 424 of the air distribution mechanism 420 farther from the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the closing direction. The rotation of the movable gate 424 in the opening direction increases the flow channel opening. When the supporting screen plate 310 descends and resets, the rack 353 moves in the opposite direction, and each movable gate 424 returns to the reference opening. This causes the oxygen supply of the gas distribution mechanism 420 near the supporting screen plate 310 to actively decrease and the oxygen supply of the gas distribution mechanism 420 away from the supporting screen plate 310 to actively increase when the supporting screen plate 310 moves to compress and loosen the material in the elastic carrier layer 200. The material loosening action of the supporting screen plate 310 synchronously reconstructs the dissolved oxygen zoning, so that the elastic carrier layer 200 is always in the optimal dissolved oxygen alternation microenvironment during the compression and rebound process. This avoids the overall change in dissolved oxygen caused by the change in pore size during the compression and rebound process of the elastic carrier layer 200, which would damage the denitrification environment and reduce the impact on denitrification efficiency.

[0026] Specifically, a sealing ring is fitted on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 352, and the sealing ring abuts against the circumferential surface of the reaction shell 110. By setting the sealing ring on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve 352, it is used to fill the annular gap between the sliding sleeve 352 and the reaction shell 110, forming a dynamic seal.

[0027] The specific implementation process of the present invention is as follows: Sewage first enters the inner cavity of the water distribution plate 120 radially through the inlet pipe 130. After the water flow is initially stabilized in the water distribution plate 120, it passes through the supporting screen plate 310 upward with a uniform flow rate and direction and enters the elastic carrier layer 200, ensuring that the hydraulic distribution of the entire reactor cross section is consistent and avoiding local impact or short circuit. The motor 331 is started, driving the square rod 332 to rotate. The square rod 332 drives the slide cylinder 333 to rotate, and the slide cylinder 333 drives the stop block 334 to make a circular motion around the second direction. The slope of the stop block 334 slides along the inclined surface of the inclined block 320, generating a thrust perpendicular to the inclined surface, forcing the inclined block 320 to move along the second direction, thereby driving the supporting screen plate 310 to rise, which in turn causes the elastic carrier layer 200 to deform. During the deformation of the elastic carrier layer 200, the ring pipe 4... 16 Displaces along the second direction, the ring pipe 416 drives the connecting pipe 414 to move along the second direction, the connecting pipe 414 drives the sleeve 413 to move along the second direction, so that the sleeve 413 slides on the surface of the support pipe 412 along the second direction. When the stop block 334 rotates past the highest point and is misaligned with the inclined block 320, the inclined block 320 falls back under the action of gravity and the rebound force of the carrier, and the supporting screen plate 310 falls back accordingly. The motor 331 rotates continuously, and the supporting screen plate 310 obtains periodic lifting and lowering motion. When the supporting screen plate 310 rises, it squeezes the elastic carrier layer 200, causing the elastic carrier layer 200 to be compressed and deformed by being pushed against the limiting screen plate 340. When it falls, the elastic carrier layer 200 rebounds and recovers. When the device is running, the wastewater to be treated enters the water distribution plate 120 through the inlet pipe 130. After being evenly distributed, it flows through the elastic carrier layer 200 in the second direction. External compressed air is distributed to the air distribution mechanism 420 of each layer through the diversion mechanism 430, and then sprayed into the carrier layer through the air outlet 417 of the ring pipe 416 of the air distribution mechanism 410. At the same time, the mechanical loosening component 300 drives the supporting screen plate 310 to perform periodic lifting and lowering, causing the elastic carrier layer 200 to be compressed and rebounded. The opening and closing control mechanism 350 synchronously converts the linear motion of the supporting screen plate 310 into the rotational motion of the movable gate plate 424 in the air distribution mechanism 420 of each layer, thereby automatically adjusting the air intake opening of each layer during the loosening phase to achieve synergistic optimization of anti-blocking and denitrification. External compressed air first enters the inlet cylinder 433, is collected by the air distribution pipe 432 to the connecting pipe 431, and then enters the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 421. When the sealing cylinder 423 rotates, the misalignment angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 changes, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the flow channel changes accordingly, thereby adjusting the gas flow rate to the corresponding air distribution mechanism 410. The adjusted gas enters the support pipe 412 through the inlet pipe 411, and then reaches the ring pipe 416 through the connecting pipe 414. Finally, it is evenly sprayed into the corresponding height area of ​​the elastic carrier layer 200 through the air outlet 417 on the circumference of the ring pipe 416. Each ring pipe 416 is supplied with air independently. By preset the reference opening of each layer's air distribution mechanism 420, a dissolved oxygen gradient from bottom to top is formed in the elastic carrier layer 200, realizing spatial partition denitrification. When the supporting sieve plate 310 moves, the guide rod 351 moves accordingly. The guide rod 351 drives the sliding sleeve 352 to move, so that the sliding sleeve 352 slides along the second direction on the circumferential surface of the reaction shell 110. The sliding sleeve 352 drives the rack 353 to move along the second direction. The rack 353 drives the incomplete toothed ring 354 to rotate. The linear motion of the rack 353 is converted into the rotational motion of the incomplete toothed ring 354. The incomplete toothed ring 354 drives the sealing cylinder 423 to rotate through the sliding pin 355. The sealing cylinder 423 drives the movable gate 424 to rotate. Since the number of teeth of the incomplete toothed rings 354 arranged sequentially along the second direction is different, when the supporting screen plate 310 travels the same distance along the second direction, the movable gate 424 in the air distribution mechanism 420 near the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the closing direction, causing the opening to decrease, while the movable gate 424 in the air distribution mechanism 420 away from the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the opening direction, causing the opening to increase. When the incomplete toothed rings 354 rotate, the torsion spring 357 rotates to store energy. When the supporting screen plate 310 is reset, the rack 353 moves in the opposite direction, and the torsion spring 357 releases energy, so that the incomplete toothed rings 354 and each layer of movable gates 424 return to the reference opening. When the supporting screen plate 310 moves to compress the elastic carrier layer 200, the supporting screen plate 310 drives the sliding sleeve 352 to slide in the second direction via the guide rod 351. The rack 353 on the sliding sleeve 352 drives the incomplete toothed ring 354 to rotate. The incomplete toothed ring 354 drives the sealing cylinder 423 to rotate via the sliding pin 355, changing the relative angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422. By pre-setting the initial installation angle between the movable gate 424 and the fixed gate 422 in each layer of the air distribution mechanism 420, when the incomplete toothed ring 354 rotates by the same angle, the movable gate 424 of the air distribution mechanism 420 closer to the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the closing direction, reducing the flow channel opening, while the movable gate 424 of the air distribution mechanism 420 farther from the supporting screen plate 310 rotates in the closing direction. The rotation of the movable gate 424 in the opening direction increases the flow channel opening. When the supporting screen plate 310 descends and resets, the rack 353 moves in the opposite direction, and each movable gate 424 returns to the reference opening. This causes the oxygen supply of the gas distribution mechanism 420 near the supporting screen plate 310 to actively decrease and the oxygen supply of the gas distribution mechanism 420 away from the supporting screen plate 310 to actively increase when the supporting screen plate 310 moves to compress and loosen the material in the elastic carrier layer 200. The material loosening action of the supporting screen plate 310 synchronously reconstructs the dissolved oxygen zoning, so that the elastic carrier layer 200 is always in the optimal dissolved oxygen alternation microenvironment during the compression and rebound process. This avoids the overall change in dissolved oxygen caused by the change in pore size during the compression and rebound process of the elastic carrier layer 200, which would damage the denitrification environment and reduce the impact on denitrification efficiency.

[0028] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A porous carrier-immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor, characterized in that: It includes a reaction assembly (100) disposed along a second direction, the reaction assembly (100) including a reaction shell (110). An elastic carrier layer (200) is disposed within the reaction shell (110) along a second direction; A mechanical loosening assembly (300) includes a supporting screen plate (310), an inclined block (320), a rotating mechanism (330), and a limiting screen plate (340). The supporting screen plate (310) is slidably connected within the reaction shell (110) along a second direction. The supporting screen plate (310) abuts against the surface of the elastic carrier layer (200) along the second direction. The inclined block (320) is fixedly connected to the surface of the supporting screen plate (310) along the second direction. The rotating mechanism (340) The rotating mechanism (330) is arranged on the reaction shell (110) along the second direction. The output end of the rotating mechanism (330) can rotate around the second direction and is used to cooperate with the inclined block (320) to control the periodic movement of the supporting screen plate (310) along the second direction. The limiting screen plate (340), the elastic carrier layer (200) and the supporting screen plate (310) are arranged in sequence along the second direction. The limiting screen plate (340) abuts against the surface of the elastic carrier layer (200) along the second direction.

2. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reaction assembly (100) further includes a water distribution plate (120) and a water inlet pipe (130). The water distribution plate (120) is disposed inside the reaction shell (110) along the second direction. The water inlet pipe (130) extends radially out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell (110) along the water distribution plate (120) and extends out of the circumferential surface of the water distribution plate (120) and communicates with the inner cavity of the water distribution plate (120).

3. The porous carrier immobilized microorganism packed denitrification reaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotary mechanism (330) includes a motor (331), a square rod (332), a slide cylinder (333), and a stop block (334). The motor (331) is fixedly installed on the surface of the reaction shell (110) along the second direction. The shaft of the motor (331) extends through the surface of the reaction shell (110) along the second direction. The square rod (332) is fixedly installed on the surface of the shaft of the motor (331) along the second direction. The slide cylinder (333) is slidably connected to the outside of the square rod (332) along the second direction. The stop block (334) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the slide cylinder (333). The slope of the stop block (334) abuts against the inclined surface of the inclined block (320).

4. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a segmented opening gas distribution assembly (400), which includes multiple gas distribution mechanisms (410), multiple gas distribution mechanisms (420), and a flow splitting mechanism (430). The multiple gas distribution mechanisms (410) are arranged sequentially on the reaction shell (110) along a second direction. The output end of the gas distribution mechanism (420) is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism (410) along a first direction. The flow splitting mechanism (430) is fixedly installed on the gas inlet end of the gas distribution mechanism (420).

5. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gas distribution mechanism (410) includes an inlet pipe (411), a support pipe (412), a baffle (413), a connecting pipe (414), a long groove (415), a ring pipe (416), and an outlet (417). The inlet pipe (411) extends radially out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell (110). The support pipe (412) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the circumferential surface of the inlet pipe (411). The support pipe (412) can slide along the second direction within the elastic carrier layer (200). The baffle (413) 413) It can slide along the second direction to the outside of the support tube (412). The connecting tube (414) passes through the surface of the retainer (413) along the radial direction of the support tube (412). The retainer (413) has a long groove (415) on its circumferential surface. The end of the connecting tube (414) is fixedly connected to a ring tube (416). The ring tube (416) is sleeved in the ring groove opened along the circumferential surface of the elastic carrier layer (200). The ring tube (416) has a plurality of evenly distributed air outlet holes (417) on its circumferential surface.

6. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas distribution mechanism (420) includes a fixed cylinder (421), a fixed gate (422), a sealing cylinder (423), and a movable gate (424). The fixed cylinder (421) is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the circumferential surface of the air inlet pipe (411). The fixed gate (422) is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder (421). The sealing cylinder (423) is rotatably connected to the fixed cylinder (421) around the axial direction. The movable gate (424) is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder (423). The movable gate (424) abuts against the surface of the fixed gate (422) along the first direction. The movable gate (424) and the fixed gate (422) are misaligned around the axial direction to create a flow channel.

7. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The diversion mechanism (430) includes a connecting pipe (431), an air distribution pipe (432), and an air inlet cylinder (433). The connecting pipe (431) extends out of the surface of the fixed cylinder (421) along the first direction. The air distribution pipe (432) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting pipe (431). The air inlet cylinder (433) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the air distribution pipe (432).

8. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical loosening assembly (300) further includes an opening and closing control mechanism (350), which includes a guide rod (351), a sliding sleeve (352), a rack (353), an incomplete toothed ring (354), a sliding pin (355), a fixing ring (356), and a torsion spring (357). The guide rod (351) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the supporting screen plate (310), and the guide rod (351) extends out of the circumferential surface of the reaction shell (110). The guide rod (351) can move along a second direction, and the end of the guide rod (351) is fixedly connected to a sliding sleeve (352). The sliding sleeve (352) can slide along the second direction on the circumferential surface of the reaction shell (110). The rack (353) is fixedly connected to the surface of the sliding sleeve (352) along the second direction. The incomplete toothed ring (354) is fixedly connected to the sliding sleeve (355) along the second direction. 4) Rotating around the axial direction, the incomplete toothed ring (354) and the rack (353) mesh, the sliding pin (355) is fixedly connected to the inner circumferential surface of the incomplete toothed ring (354), the sliding pin (355) passes through the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder (421), the sliding pin (355) can rotate around the circumference of the fixed cylinder (421), the sliding pin (355) is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the sealing cylinder (423), the fixed ring (356) is fixedly sleeved on the circumferential surface of the fixed cylinder (421), the torsion spring (357) is arranged between the fixed ring (356) and the incomplete toothed ring (354) along the first direction, one end of the torsion spring (357) is fixedly connected to the surface of the fixed ring (356) along the first direction, and the other end of the torsion spring (357) is fixedly connected to the surface of the incomplete toothed ring (354) along the first direction.

9. The porous carrier immobilized microbial packed denitrification reaction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sealing ring is fitted on the inner circumferential surface of the sliding sleeve (352), and the sealing ring abuts against the circumferential surface of the reaction shell (110).

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