Straw smashing device for harvester

Abstract

The utility model provides a straw smashing device for a harvester, and relates to the technical field of harvesters. The straw smashing device comprises a smashing box installed at a straw outlet of the harvester; the adjusting assembly is mounted at the feeding hole of the crushing box; the extrusion assembly is mounted on the adjusting assembly; the slitting assembly is mounted in the crushing box; the screen is mounted below the slitting assembly; the adjusting assembly comprises two mounting frames mounted on the opposite side walls of the crushing box, and mounting openings are formed in the middles of the mounting frames; the two mounting bearings are mounted in the mounting openings, and the extrusion assemblies are mounted in the mounting bearings; the screw rods are arranged on the two sides of the mounting opening; the receding spring is arranged on the screw rod in a sleeving manner; and the adjusting nut is arranged on the screw rod. Straw is crushed for the first time through the extrusion assembly, the straw which is not crushed in place falls into the screen, and then secondary slitting is carried out through the slitting assembly, so that the straw which is returned to a field is finer, and the straw can be conveniently fermented in the field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of harvesters, in particular to a straw crushing device for harvesters. Background Art

[0002] Crop straw itself is a very valuable biomass energy resource in the agricultural production system. The recycling and utilization of straw has important practical significance for the development of the agricultural economy. Most of the existing straw recycling and utilization methods mainly include two types: one is to return it to the field directly after crushing; the other is to collect it in bundles and then crush it for utilization.

[0003] Crushing and returning the straw directly to the field during the harvesting process can increase the organic matter content in the soil, improve the soil structure, and reduce environmental pollution. During the harvesting process, the straw may be mixed with gravel or other hard materials, which will affect the efficiency of returning the straw to the field. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a straw crushing device for a harvester, which crushes the straw for the first time through an extrusion component, and the straw that has not been crushed falls into a screen, and then is cut for the second time through a cutting component, so that the straw returned to the field for processing becomes smaller, which is convenient for the straw to ferment in the field.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

[0006] A straw crushing device for a harvester, comprising:

[0007] Crushing box, installed at the straw outlet of the harvester;

[0008] An adjusting component is installed at the feed inlet of the crushing box;

[0009] An extrusion assembly, mounted on the adjustment assembly;

[0010] A slitting assembly is installed in the crushing box, and a feed inlet of the slitting assembly is arranged corresponding to an outlet of the extrusion assembly;

[0011] A screen is installed below the slitting assembly;

[0012] Wherein, the adjustment component comprises:

[0013] Two mounting frames are mounted on opposite side walls of the crushing box, and the middle of the mounting frames has an oblong mounting opening;

[0014] two mounting bearings mounted in the mounting openings, the extrusion assembly being mounted in the mounting bearings;

[0015] A screw rod is horizontally arranged on both sides of the installation opening, and the other end of the screw rod is arranged toward the installation bearing;

[0016] A yield spring, sleeved on the screw rod, one end of the yield spring abutting against the mounting bearing;

[0017] An adjusting nut is arranged on the screw rod and abuts against the other end of the yield spring.

[0018] Optionally, the extrusion assembly comprises:

[0019] Two squeezing rollers are respectively mounted on the two mounting bearings;

[0020] Extrusion teeth are installed on the extrusion rollers, and the extrusion teeth of two adjacent extrusion rollers are staggered;

[0021] Two gears are respectively arranged on the two squeezing rollers, and the two gears are meshed with each other and rotate relatively after meshing;

[0022] A driving motor has a power output end connected to one of the squeezing rollers.

[0023] Optionally, the cut components include:

[0024] A rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the crushing box;

[0025] A rotating motor, whose power output end is connected to the rotating shaft;

[0026] A plurality of mounting seats, wherein the plurality of mounting seats are evenly arranged along the axis direction of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of rows of mounting seats along its circumferential direction, and the mounting seats in two adjacent rows are staggered;

[0027] The slitting knife is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat.

[0028] Optionally, the mounting base comprises:

[0029] Two mounting plates are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft;

[0030] The mounting shaft is mounted between the two mounting plates. After the mounting shaft is mounted, the axis of the mounting shaft is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. The slitting knife is rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft.

[0031] Optionally, the slitting knife is arranged in a rectangular shape, one end of which has a mounting hole matched with the mounting shaft, the diameter of the mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the mounting shaft, and the other end of the slitting knife is an arc-shaped structure.

[0032] Optionally, the screen is installed in the crushing box through a shock absorbing assembly.

[0033] Optionally, the shock absorbing assembly comprises:

[0034] A plurality of mounting cylinders are mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box, and the interior of the mounting cylinders is in a convex shape;

[0035] A limiting rod, mounted on the screen, with one end thereof extending into the mounting cylinder;

[0036] A baffle plate is installed at the end of the limiting rod extending into the installation tube, and the size of the baffle plate is larger than the size of the entrance of the installation tube;

[0037] The shock absorbing spring is arranged in the installation tube, and one end of the top thereof abuts against the baffle.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

[0039] 1. The straw is crushed for the first time by the extrusion component, and the unbroken straw falls into the screen, and then it is cut for the second time by the cutting component, so that the straw returned to the field is smaller, which is convenient for the fermentation of the straw in the field.

[0040] 2. In order to avoid damage to the extrusion components during the extrusion process, an adjustment component is set to increase the service life of the extrusion components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a straw crushing device for a harvester.

[0043] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting base and the slitting knife.

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the matching structure of the adjustment component and the extrusion component.

[0046] Figure 5 A partial structural diagram of an extrusion component.

[0047] Reference numerals:

[0048] 1. Crushing box;

[0049] 2. Adjustment assembly; 21. Mounting frame; 22. Mounting opening; 23. Mounting bearing; 24. Screw rod; 25. Yield spring; 26. Adjustment nut;

[0050] 3. Extrusion assembly; 31. Extrusion roller; 32. Extrusion teeth; 33. Gear; 34. Driving motor;

[0051] 4. Slitting assembly; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Rotating motor; 43. Mounting seat; 431. Mounting plate; 432. Mounting shaft; 44. Slitting knife; 441. Mounting hole;

[0052] 5. Screen;

[0053] 6. Shock-absorbing assembly; 61. Mounting tube; 62. Limit rod; 63. Baffle; 64. Shock-absorbing spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will appreciate, the described embodiments may be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and descriptions are considered to be exemplary and non-restrictive in nature.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally placed when the product of the present invention is used, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0056] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication; it can be a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0057] In the present utility model, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include that the first and second features are in direct contact, or may include that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" and "above" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" and "below" a second feature includes that the first feature is directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0058] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0059] The embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0060] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the utility model provides a straw crushing device for a harvester, comprising: a crushing box 1, an adjusting component 2, an extruding component 3, a cutting component 4 and a screen 5. The crushing box 1 is installed at the straw outlet of the harvester. The adjusting component 2 is installed at the feed port of the crushing box 1, and the extruding component 3 is installed on the adjusting component 2. The cutting component 4 is installed in the crushing box 1, and the feed port of the cutting component 4 is correspondingly arranged to the discharge port of the extruding component 3, so that the extruded straw can enter the working area of ​​the cutting component 4. The screen 5 is installed below the cutting component 4 to receive the uncut straw.

[0061] When returning the straw to the field, the threshed straw enters the crushing box 1, and then is squeezed by the squeezing assembly 3 arranged at the feed port of the crushing box 1, and the harder part of the straw is crushed during squeezing to avoid being cut by the subsequent cutting assembly 4. The crushed straw can be directly discharged through the screen 5, and the straw that is not squeezed into place by the squeezing assembly 3 remains on the screen 5, and then is cut by the cutting assembly 4, and the cut straw passes through the screen 5 and is discharged.

[0062] It should be noted that during the harvesting process, some stones may enter the harvester, mix with the straw and then enter the crushing box 1. In order to increase the service life of the extrusion component 3, the extrusion component 3 is installed on the adjustment component 2. If hard objects that cannot be extruded are encountered during the extrusion process, the adjustment component 2 can make way for them to avoid damage to the extrusion teeth 32.

[0063] More specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment assembly 2 includes: a mounting frame 21, two mounting bearings 23, a screw rod 24, a yield spring 25 and an adjustment nut 26. The mounting frame 21 is mounted on the opposite side walls of the crushing box 1, and the middle part of the mounting frame 21 has an oblong mounting opening 22. The two mounting bearings 23 are mounted in the mounting opening 22, and the extrusion assembly 3 is mounted in the mounting bearing 23. The screw rod 24 is horizontally arranged in the mounting opening 22, and one end of the screw rod 24 is arranged toward the mounting bearing 23. The yield spring 25 is sleeved on the screw rod 24, and one end of the yield spring 25 abuts against the mounting bearing 23. The adjustment nut 26 is arranged on the screw rod 24, and the other end of the yield spring 25 abuts against the adjustment nut 26.

[0064] When the extrusion component 3 extrude the straw, in order to avoid damage to the extrusion component 3, when a hard object is squeezed, the extrusion force is transmitted to the mounting bearing 23, and the mounting bearing 23 slides to squeeze the yield spring 25, thereby increasing the gap of the extrusion component 3 to ensure that the hard object can pass smoothly and avoid damage to the extrusion component 3.

[0065] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the squeezing assembly 3 includes: two squeezing rollers 31, squeezing teeth 32, two gears 33 and a driving motor 34. The two squeezing rollers 31 are respectively mounted on two mounting bearings 23. The squeezing teeth 32 are mounted on the squeezing rollers 31, and the squeezing teeth 32 on two adjacent squeezing rollers 31 are staggered. Two gears 33 are respectively arranged on the two squeezing rollers 31, and the other gears 33 are meshed with each other. The power output end of the driving motor 34 is connected to one of the squeezing rollers 31 to drive the squeezing roller 31 to rotate. The gear 33 on the squeezing roller 31 connected to the driving motor 34 is meshed with the gear 33 on the other squeezing roller 31 during the rotation process, and drives the other squeezing roller 31 to rotate relatively. The straw entering between the two squeezing rollers 31 is squeezed.

[0066] In one embodiment, if Figure 1As shown, the slitting assembly 4 includes: a rotating shaft 41, a rotating motor 42, a plurality of mounting seats 43 and a slitting knife 44. The rotating shaft 41 is mounted on the crushing box 1, and the power output end of the rotating motor 42 is connected to the rotating shaft 41. A plurality of mounting seats 43 are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 41, and a plurality of mounting seats 43 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 41, and two adjacent rows of mounting seats 43 are staggered. The slitting knife 44 is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat 43.

[0067] When in use, the rotating motor 42 drives the rotating shaft 41 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 41 drives the slitting knife 44 to rotate during the rotation process. The slitting knife 44 uses the inertia principle to swing out the tail during the rotation process to cut the straw on the screen 5. If a hard object is encountered during the slitting process, the slitting knife 44 will be offset after being hit during the rotation process, thereby reducing damage to the slitting knife 44.

[0068] In order to avoid the problem of mutual interference between two adjacent cutting knives 44, two adjacent rows of mounting seats 43 are staggered.

[0069] In one embodiment, if Figure 3 As shown, the mounting seat 43 includes: two mounting plates 431 and a mounting shaft 432. The two mounting plates 431 are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 41. The mounting shaft 432 is installed between the two mounting plates 431. After the mounting shaft 432 is installed, its axis is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft 41, and the slitting knife 44 is rotatably installed on the mounting shaft 432.

[0070] When in use, in order to facilitate the replacement of the slitting knife 44, the slitting knife 44 is installed on the mounting shaft 432. When the slitting knife 44 is damaged, the mounting shaft 432 is removed from between the two mounting plates 431, and then the slitting knife 44 is replaced.

[0071] More specifically, the slitting knife 44 is rectangular, one end of which has a mounting hole 441 that matches the mounting shaft 432, the diameter of the mounting hole 441 is larger than the diameter of the mounting shaft 432, and the other end of the slitting knife 44 is an arc-shaped structure.

[0072] The slitting knife 44 is arranged in a rectangular shape, and the cutting shape of the slitting knife 44 on the market is larger, so that more straw can be cut by one rotation, thereby improving work efficiency. At the same time, the end of the slitting knife 44 away from the mounting shaft 432 is in an arc shape, so as to avoid the problem of stress concentration, which causes the slitting knife 44 to be quickly damaged by hard objects.

[0073] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, in order to further improve the service life of the slitting knife 44, the screen 5 is installed in the crushing box 1 through a shock absorbing assembly 6.

[0074] More specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the shock absorbing assembly 6 comprises: a plurality of mounting tubes 61, a limiting rod 62, a baffle 63 and a shock absorbing spring 64. The plurality of mounting tubes 61 are mounted on the inner side wall of the crushing box 1, and the interior of the mounting tube 61 is a convex structure. The limiting rod 62 is mounted on the screen 5, and one end thereof extends into the mounting tube 61. The baffle 63 is mounted on the end of the limiting rod 62 extending into the mounting tube 61, and the size of the baffle 63 is larger than the size at the entrance of the mounting tube 61. The shock absorbing spring 64 is arranged in the mounting tube 61, and the two ends of the shock absorbing spring 64 are respectively abutted against the bottom of the mounting tube 61 and the baffle 63.

[0075] When in use, the shock absorbing spring 64 contracts when subjected to pressure, and the shock absorbing spring 64 provides space for the screen 5 during the contraction process to prevent hard objects from being squeezed between the screen 5 and the slitting knife 44, thereby avoiding damage to the slitting knife 44 or the screen 5.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A straw crushing device for a harvester, It is characterized in that include: Crushing box, installed at the straw outlet of the harvester; An adjusting component is installed at the feed inlet of the crushing box; An extrusion assembly mounted on the adjustment assembly; A slitting assembly is installed in the crushing box, and a feed inlet of the slitting assembly is arranged corresponding to an outlet of the extrusion assembly; A screen is installed below the slitting assembly; Wherein, the adjustment component comprises: Two mounting frames are mounted on opposite side walls of the crushing box, and the middle of the mounting frames has an oblong mounting opening; two mounting bearings mounted in the mounting openings, the extrusion assembly being mounted in the mounting bearings; A screw rod is horizontally arranged on both sides of the installation opening, and the other end of the screw rod is arranged toward the installation bearing; A yield spring, sleeved on the screw rod, one end of the yield spring abutting against the mounting bearing; An adjusting nut is arranged on the screw rod and abuts against the other end of the yield spring.

2. The straw crushing device for a harvester according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The extrusion assembly comprises: Two squeezing rollers are respectively mounted on the two mounting bearings; Extrusion teeth are installed on the extrusion rollers, and the extrusion teeth of two adjacent extrusion rollers are staggered; Two gears are respectively arranged on the two squeezing rollers, and the two gears are meshed with each other and rotate relatively after meshing; A driving motor has a power output end connected to one of the squeezing rollers.

3. The straw crushing device for a harvester according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The cut components include: A rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the crushing box; A rotating motor, whose power output end is connected to the rotating shaft; A plurality of mounting seats, wherein the plurality of mounting seats are evenly arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of rows of mounting seats along its circumferential direction, and the mounting seats in two adjacent rows are staggered; The slitting knife is rotatably mounted on the mounting seat.

4. The straw crushing device for a harvester according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The mounting base comprises: Two mounting plates are fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; The mounting shaft is mounted between the two mounting plates. After the mounting shaft is mounted, the axis of the mounting shaft is parallel to the axis of the rotating shaft. The slitting knife is rotatably mounted on the mounting shaft.

5. The straw chopping device for a harvester according to claim 4, It is characterized in that The slitting knife is arranged in a rectangular shape, one end of which is provided with a mounting hole matched with the mounting shaft, the diameter of the mounting hole is larger than the diameter of the mounting shaft, and the other end of the slitting knife is in an arc structure.

6. The straw chopping device for a harvester according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The screen is installed in the crushing box through a shock absorbing assembly.

7. The straw pulverizing device for a harvester according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The shock absorbing assembly comprises: A plurality of mounting cylinders are mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box, and the interior of the mounting cylinders is in a convex shape; A limiting rod, mounted on the screen, with one end thereof extending into the mounting cylinder; A baffle plate is installed at the end of the limiting rod extending into the installation tube, and the size of the baffle plate is larger than the size of the entrance of the installation tube; The shock absorbing spring is arranged in the installation tube, and one end of the top thereof abuts against the baffle.

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