Glass packaging structure and vacuum glass

Abstract

The utility model provides a glass packaging structure and vacuum glass. The glass packaging structure provided by the utility model comprises a first metallization layer, a first ultrasonic welding layer, a middle solder layer, a second ultrasonic welding layer and a second metallization layer which are arranged in sequence, in the using state, the glass packaging structure is arranged between the two glass substrates and packages the gap between the two glass substrates. The utility model further provides vacuum glass which comprises a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, and the glass packaging structure is arranged between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. According to the glass packaging structure provided by the utility model, the packaging of the glass can be realized at a lower temperature by virtue of the ultrasonic welding layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a glass packaging structure and vacuum glass, belonging to the technical field of glass preparation. Background Art

[0002] Vacuum glass is a glass deep-processing product that seals two sheets of flat glass, evacuates the gap between them and seals the exhaust holes. The gap between the two sheets of vacuum glass is generally no more than 0.3mm, and there are tiny support columns between the two sheets of glass to support the glass plates on both sides to prevent the two sheets of glass from bending and deforming significantly due to negative pressure.

[0003] PDLC is a polymer dispersed liquid crystal. PDLC glass uses the production process of laminated glass. It is a liquid crystal film that is compounded between two layers of glass through a special process to form dimming glass. Among them, the interlayer materials used are PVB, SGP, EVA, and PU. PDLC laminated glass has both good lighting and sight shielding functions, and has certain energy-saving, sound insulation, safety, and environmental protection characteristics. It also has many other properties such as UV and infrared protection.

[0004] The existing edge packaging materials of vacuum glass are divided into the following three categories: organic packaging materials, glass packaging materials, and metal packaging materials. Among them:

[0005] Organic packaging materials can bond glass and organic matter into a whole at a lower temperature, but the vacuum glass thus packaged is difficult to maintain a long-term effective vacuum degree, and the mechanical properties, durability and weather resistance of the vacuum glass are poor, which greatly reduces the service life of the vacuum glass.

[0006] Glass packaging materials are used for packaging. The glass materials and glass plates have good chemical and physical compatibility. However, the packaging temperature of environmentally friendly lead-free glass packaging materials is generally greater than 400°C. Such a high temperature will cause the glass to anneal and lose its safety characteristics, limiting the application of tempered technology on vacuum glass. Even if lead glass packaging materials are used, the packaging temperature can only be reduced to about 300°C. This temperature has far exceeded the PDLC high-pressure temperature requirement of no more than 145°C. Packaging at this temperature will cause the product to have appearance problems such as film wrinkles, as well as PDLC to have cloud patterns, black spots, white shifts, and even functional failures, limiting the application of PDLC laminated glass on vacuum composite glass.

[0007] When using metal packaging materials, the packaging temperature of Kovar alloy is generally 1420-1455℃, the packaging temperature of aluminum and aluminum alloy is above 500℃, and the packaging temperature of silver paste is generally above 450℃. The packaging temperature of these metal packaging materials is too high to be used for PDLC laminated glass. The metal brazing process temperature of low-temperature tin-containing solder used in the preparation of vacuum glass by sintering metallization layer is generally around 350℃, which is far higher than the requirement of PDLC high-pressure temperature not exceeding 145℃. Packaging at the above temperature will cause appearance problems such as film wrinkles and failure of PDLC dimmable function, which limits the application of PDLC laminated glass on vacuum composite glass. Moreover, high temperature is not energy-saving, and it needs to be carried out under the protection of inert gas or in an H2 gas or N2 gas environment, or in a vacuum environment. Therefore, the metal brazing process of vacuum glass has very strict requirements on the production environment and high equipment cost; the flux will emit a large amount of gas, which will affect the vacuum degree of the vacuum glass and greatly reduce the service life of the vacuum glass. In addition, the inorganic flux is corrosive to the metal layer and is not good for the welding strength / sealing.

[0008] PDLC dimmable glass with PDLC membrane produced by PVB, SGP, EVA, PU, ​​etc., generally uses an autoclave with a pressure of 0.2MPa-1.4MPa and a temperature of 110℃-145℃ when preparing the interlayer. This high pressure parameter completely limits the production process of vacuum first and then lamination. Vacuumed glass (or unsealed glass after edge sealing) cannot withstand the high pressure of the autoclave of laminated glass, and the glass will break, limiting the application of vacuum composite laminated glass.

[0009] The vacuum glass structure provided by CN209584006U attempts to solve the above technical problems, and proposes a structure in which two pieces of glass are connected together using metal indium wire and a circle of sealant is filled on the periphery. Although such a structure can use the structural strength of the sealant to adopt an indium alloy with a melting point lower than 135°C and weaker bonding strength, due to the inherent physical and chemical properties of metal materials and glass materials, if the indium alloy is directly melted on the glass surface, the indium alloy will agglomerate itself and show a non-stick phenomenon with the glass. After such a structure is thermally expanded and contracted, a gap will appear between the indium alloy and the glass, which is equivalent to the sealant directly contacting the vacuum cavity. The sealant gas that is decomposed by aging or volatilized in a vacuum state will enter the vacuum cavity, and the vacuum degree of the vacuum cavity cannot be maintained.

[0010] So far, the vacuum glass production lines that have been built are all "single furnace" intermittent production, that is, the original glass is made into semi-finished products through a series of processes, and then the semi-finished products are loaded onto multi-layered material carts and sent to the single furnace for heating and edge sealing, and then vacuumed and sealed, cooled and taken out of the furnace. After one furnace is out, the next furnace is loaded, and each furnace takes about 8-10 hours. This method has low efficiency, high energy consumption, high cost, and is difficult to achieve industrialization. Utility Model Content

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a glass packaging structure, which can realize the packaging of glass at a lower temperature by means of an ultrasonic welding layer.

[0012] The utility model also aims to provide a vacuum glass based on the above glass packaging structure.

[0013] To achieve the above object, the utility model first provides a glass packaging structure, wherein the glass packaging structure comprises a first metallization layer, a first ultrasonic welding layer, an intermediate solder layer, a second ultrasonic welding layer and a second metallization layer which are arranged in sequence;

[0014] In use, the glass packaging structure is arranged between two glass substrates and seals the gap between the two glass substrates.

[0015] The glass packaging structure provided by the utility model can be used for the gap between two glass substrates of vacuum glass. The glass packaging structure is arranged around the four sides of the glass substrate, and the surrounded part in the middle is the vacuum chamber of the vacuum glass.

[0016] In the above-mentioned glass packaging structure, preferably, the glass packaging structure further comprises a metal ring, which is connected end to end and is arranged on the inner side of the glass packaging structure. The metal ring is connected end to end to form a closed loop, in which the vacuum chamber is located, and the first metallization layer, the first ultrasonic welding layer, the middle solder layer, the second ultrasonic welding layer and the second metallization layer of the glass packaging structure are located on the outer side. The metal ring can play a role in the sealing of the vacuum chamber.

[0017] In the above-mentioned glass packaging structure, the first ultrasonic welding layer and the second ultrasonic welding layer are formed by ultrasonic welding. Ultrasonic waves have a cavitation effect. The cavitation effect is the shock wave generated when the bubbles generated by ultrasonic waves in the solder burst. It can remove and activate the oxide film on the surface of the molten solder and the oil, dust, dirt and other dirt on the surface of the base material, thereby producing a stronger bonding force.

[0018] In the above-mentioned glass packaging structure, preferably, the material of the first ultrasonic welding layer is indium tin alloy solder, silver indium alloy solder, aluminum alloy solder or CERASOLZER alloy, more preferably indium tin alloy solder. CERASOLZER contains a small amount of the following elements: zinc, titanium, silicon, aluminum and rare earth, etc., all of which have a strong chemical affinity for oxygen. During the welding process, these elements combine with oxygen in the air to form oxides, and form an oxide layer on the surface of glass, ceramics, metal oxides, etc. through chemical reactions, thereby providing good bonding strength.

[0019] In the above-mentioned glass packaging structure, preferably, the material of the second ultrasonic welding layer is indium tin alloy solder, silver indium alloy solder, aluminum alloy solder or CERASOLZER alloy, more preferably indium tin alloy solder.

[0020] In the above glass packaging structure, preferably, the material of the middle solder layer is metal solder and / or alloy solder with a hot melting temperature ≤ 135° C., such as metal solder wire, metal solder sheet, alloy solder wire or alloy solder sheet.

[0021] The utility model also provides a vacuum glass, which comprises a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, wherein a glass packaging structure provided by the utility model is arranged between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate.

[0022] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, the glass packaging structure is arranged around the vacuum chamber of the vacuum glass. The glass packaging structure can be arranged at the edge of the vacuum glass and has an appropriate width, and the vacuum chamber of the vacuum glass is surrounded in the middle.

[0023] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, the first glass substrate is a soda-lime glass plate, a high-aluminum glass plate, a medium-aluminum glass plate or a borosilicate glass plate.

[0024] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, the second glass substrate is a soda-lime glass plate, a high-aluminum glass plate, a medium-aluminum glass plate or a borosilicate glass plate.

[0025] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, at least one of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate is laminated glass.

[0026] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, the laminated glass is composed of a first glass plate, a first laminated film, a PDLC film, a second laminated film, and a second glass plate. In this case, the vacuum glass can be called vacuum composite PDLC dimmable glass.

[0027] In the above vacuum glass, preferably, a plurality of tiny pillars are provided in the vacuum chamber.

[0028] The vacuum glass of the utility model can be prepared by the following methods:

[0029] 1. Forming a metallized layer: Print a layer of metal paste (metal conductive paste composed of metal powder, glass powder, resin, and solvent) on the surface of the two original glass plates to be made into vacuum glass. The metal paste is sintered at a temperature of 400-800°C for 3 to 10 minutes. After sintering, the metal paste is tightly combined with the glass surface to form a dense metallized layer. After the preparation is completed, metallized glasses A and B are obtained.

[0030] 2. Preparation of PDLC laminated glass (when composite laminated glass is required): metallized glass A or metallized glass B is laminated with a glass plate to be laminated with PDLC, with the metallized layer facing outwards, and a first laminated film, a PDLC film, and a second laminated film are placed between two adjacent glass substrates. The electrodes of the PDLC film are connected to an external controller through a lead-out harness, and PDLC laminated glass C is prepared;

[0031] 3. Plasma surface treatment: The metallized glass A, metallized glass B or PDLC laminated glass C to be evacuated is subjected to plasma treatment; the high-frequency electric field generated by the plasma generator ionizes the process gas to generate plasma, and the plasma reacts with the material in the treatment chamber. The ions and free radicals react with the surface of the material to break the surface chemical bonds and form new chemical bonds, thereby changing the surface properties. There are also various physical and chemical reactions. After the treatment, the product reaches a clean state and the surface performance is improved;

[0032] 4. Ultrasonic welding: The metallized glass A or metallized glass B to be compounded and the surface metallized layer of the PDLC laminated glass C, or the metallized glass A and the metallized glass B are ultrasonically welded to form an ultrasonic welding layer. The frequency of the ultrasonic welding process is 20-80kHz, the ultrasonic temperature is less than 180°C, the local working time is less than 5 seconds, and the ultrasonic welding is carried out when the glass surface temperature is indoor to 80°C;

[0033] 5. Edge sealing: ① Use a metal sealing ring in the glass vacuum to limit the solder; use the glass edge wrapping technology and upper and lower positive and negative molds to form a constraint cavity in the area to be sealed at the edge of the glass. The cavity temperature is ±10°C of the alloy melting point temperature. The hot-melt alloy solder is sealed by injection molding, and then naturally cooled and solidified to form an intermediate solder layer; or, ② Place the alloy solder and apply a certain pressure to the upper and lower glass, hot melt it in an environment of the alloy melting point temperature, and then cool it to form an intermediate solder layer to achieve the effect of solder fusion sealing.

[0034] 6. The vacuum glass is evacuated and the evacuation port is sealed to obtain vacuum glass.

[0035] The utility model provides a simple, easy-to-operate, low-temperature energy-saving and consumption-reducing (edge ​​packaging temperature) efficient glass packaging structure that can improve the degree of production automation, can solve the problems of product safety and cost-effectiveness, is suitable for the packaging of vacuum glass, especially vacuum composite PDLC dimmable glass, and can solve the contradiction between PDLC film and laminated film and edge packaging temperature, and the inability of vacuum glass or unsealed glass after edge sealing to withstand the high pressure strength of the autoclave.

[0036] The technical solution of the utility model can solve the technical difficulties of existing vacuum composite laminated glass and bring the following advantages:

[0037] 1. The metallization layer is tightly integrated with the glass, and the ultrasonic welding layer tightly combines the intermediate solder layer with the metallization layer. The ultrasonic welding layer and the metallization layer can indirectly weld the intermediate solder layer and the glass substrate tightly, solving the technical bottleneck that the solder such as indium tin alloy and the metallization layer cannot be welded in the air environment without using materials such as flux / flux paste / rosin, and ensuring the airtightness, packaging strength and service life of the vacuum glass;

[0038] 2. Low melting point metal solder (melting point below 135°C) can be used, which can be applied to vacuum composite PDLC dimmable glass processing to ensure the function and appearance of PDLC. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum glass provided in Example 1.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum glass provided in Example 2.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum glass provided in Example 3.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vacuum glass provided in Example 4.

[0043] Description of main figures:

[0044] A first glass substrate 11, a second glass substrate 12, a first metallized layer 21, a second metallized layer 22, a first ultrasonic welding layer 31, a second ultrasonic welding layer 32, an intermediate solder layer 4, a vacuum chamber 5, a metal ring 6, a stainless steel pillar 7, a first glass plate 111, a first laminated film 112, a PDLC film 113, a second laminated film 114, and a second glass plate 115. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In order to have a clearer understanding of the technical features, purposes and beneficial effects of the utility model, the technical solution of the utility model is now described in detail below, but it should not be understood as limiting the applicable scope of the utility model.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] This embodiment provides a vacuum glass, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the vacuum glass comprises a first glass substrate 11, a first metallized layer 21, a first ultrasonic welding layer 31, an intermediate solder layer 4, a second ultrasonic welding layer 32, a second metallized layer 22, and a second glass substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence;

[0048] in:

[0049] The first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22 are arranged at the edges of the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 to enclose the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass and realize the encapsulation of the edge of the vacuum glass;

[0050] A plurality of stainless steel pillars 7 are provided in the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] This embodiment provides a vacuum glass, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the vacuum glass includes a metal ring 6, and a first glass substrate 11, a first metallized layer 21, a first ultrasonic welding layer 31, an intermediate solder layer 4, a second ultrasonic welding layer 32, a second metallized layer 22, and a second glass substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence;

[0053] in:

[0054] The first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22 are arranged at the edges of the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 to enclose the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass and realize the encapsulation of the edge of the vacuum glass;

[0055] The metal ring 6 is made of metal strips connected end to end, and is arranged on the inner side of the first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22, and forms a vacuum chamber 5 with the inner surface of the first glass substrate 11 and the inner surface of the second glass substrate 12.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment provides a vacuum glass, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 3As shown, the vacuum glass comprises a first glass substrate 11, a first metallized layer 21, a first ultrasonic welding layer 31, an intermediate solder layer 4, a second ultrasonic welding layer 32, a second metallized layer 22, and a second glass substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence;

[0058] in:

[0059] The first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22 are arranged at the edges of the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 to enclose the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass and realize the encapsulation of the edge of the vacuum glass;

[0060] A plurality of stainless steel pillars 7 are provided in the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass;

[0061] The first glass substrate 11 is composed of a first glass plate 111, a first laminated film 112, a PDLC film 113, a second laminated film 114, and a second glass plate 115 which are arranged in sequence;

[0062] The first glass plate 111, the second glass plate 115 and the second glass substrate 12 of the first glass substrate 11 are respectively 4 mm ordinary soda-lime glass;

[0063] The first interlayer film sheet 112 and the second interlayer film sheet 114 are EVA films or PVB films respectively.

[0064] The vacuum glass can be prepared in the following ways:

[0065] 1. Print a circle of conductive silver paste on the edge of the two pieces of glass to be composited by screen printing, with a width of about 10mm and a wet film thickness of 10-30μm; adopt the traditional automotive glass sintering / tempered / semi-tempered process, pre-bake at 150℃ for 60s-600s, sintering temperature of 550-770℃, and maintain time of 90-300s; adopt glass sintering process or glass tempering process to sinter the conductive silver paste layer on the glass surface to form a metallized layer.

[0066] 2. Use a glass fiber polishing rod to polish the upper whitish organic layer to remove the organic matter and expose the metallized layer.

[0067] 3. The metallized layer and the glass surface on one side of the vacuum chamber are subjected to plasma surface treatment to completely remove dirt, dust and other impurities on the glass surface to make the product clean, improve the effect and strength of ultrasonic dip welding, and ensure the service life of the vacuum glass.

[0068] 4. On the metallization layer of the two pieces of glass, ultrasonic welding equipment is used to weld In52Sn48 solder to form an ultrasonic welding layer. The ultrasonic welding layer is connected end to end to form an ultrasonic metal welding circle. The width of the ultrasonic welding layer is the same as the width of the metallization layer.

[0069] 5. A low-melting-point metal / alloy solder (welding sheet) of In52Sn48 with a width of 5 mm and a thickness of 0.85 mm is placed in the ultrasonic welding layer of one of the glass sheets to form an intermediate solder layer. The metal alloy solder is a continuous and complete structure, overlapping / welded together head and tail, and stainless steel support columns are evenly placed 2-4 mm away from the solder. The size of the stainless steel support columns is 0.57 (diameter) × 0.3 mm (height), the interval is 10 mm, and it is flush with the inner edge of the metallization layer.

[0070] 6. Stainless steel support columns are evenly placed in the vacuum chamber surrounded by the solder. The size of the support columns is 0.57 (diameter) × 0.3 mm (height) and the interval is 30 mm.

[0071] 7. Align the ultrasonic welding layers of the two pieces of glass and put them together, and apply force on the edge of the glass to act on the edge support point to tightly connect the two pieces of glass, the metallized layer, the ultrasonic welding layer, the middle solder layer, and the stainless steel support column together; while maintaining the edge pressure, melt the solder at normal pressure, set the temperature to 130°C, and last for 5 minutes to achieve a dense connection between the middle solder layer, ultrasonic welding layer, metallized layer and glass.

[0072] 8. Finally, the glass is vacuum-sealed to obtain vacuum glass.

[0073] Example 4

[0074] This embodiment provides a vacuum glass, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the vacuum glass includes a metal ring 6, and a first glass substrate 11, a first metallized layer 21, a first ultrasonic welding layer 31, an intermediate solder layer 4, a second ultrasonic welding layer 32, a second metallized layer 22, and a second glass substrate 12 which are arranged in sequence;

[0075] in:

[0076] The first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22 are arranged at the edges of the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 to enclose the vacuum chamber 5 of the vacuum glass and realize the encapsulation of the edge of the vacuum glass;

[0077] The metal ring 6 is made of metal strips connected end to end, and is disposed inside the first metallization layer 21, the first ultrasonic welding layer 31, the intermediate solder layer 4, the second ultrasonic welding layer 32, and the second metallization layer 22, and forms a vacuum chamber with the inner surface of the first glass substrate 11 and the inner surface of the second glass substrate 12;

[0078] A plurality of stainless steel pillars are provided in the vacuum chamber of the vacuum glass;

[0079] The first glass substrate 11 is composed of a first glass plate 111 , a first laminated film 112 , a PDLC film 113 , a second laminated film 114 , and a second glass plate 115 which are sequentially arranged.

Claims

1. A glass packaging structure, It is characterized in that The glass packaging structure comprises a first metallization layer, a first ultrasonic welding layer, an intermediate solder layer, a second ultrasonic welding layer and a second metallization layer which are arranged in sequence; In use, the glass packaging structure is arranged between two glass substrates and seals the gap between the two glass substrates.

2. The glass packaging structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The glass packaging structure also includes a metal ring, which is connected end to end and is arranged on the inner side of the glass packaging structure.

3. The glass packaging structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The material of the first ultrasonic welding layer is indium-tin alloy solder, silver-indium alloy solder, aluminum alloy solder or CERASOLZER alloy.

4. The glass packaging structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The material of the second ultrasonic welding layer is indium-tin alloy solder, silver-indium alloy solder, aluminum alloy solder or CERASOLZER alloy.

5. The glass packaging structure according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The material of the middle solder layer is metal solder and / or alloy solder with a hot melting temperature of ≤135°C.

6. A vacuum glass comprising a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate, Features: The glass packaging structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is disposed between the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate.

7. The vacuum glass according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The glass packaging structure is arranged around the vacuum chamber of the vacuum glass.

8. The vacuum glass according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The first glass substrate is a soda-lime glass plate, a high-aluminum glass plate, a medium-aluminum glass plate or a borosilicate glass plate; The second glass substrate is a soda-lime glass plate, a high-aluminum glass plate, a medium-aluminum glass plate or a borosilicate glass plate.

9. The vacuum glass according to claim 6, It is characterized in that At least one of the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate is laminated glass.

10. The vacuum glass according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The laminated glass consists of a first glass plate, a first laminated film, a PDLC film, a second laminated film, and a second glass plate.

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