Rear support of heading machine and heading machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment, and particularly provides a rear support of a heading machine and the heading machine. The rear support of the heading machine comprises an installation base body and a vertical oil cylinder, the vertical oil cylinder is hinged to a supporting arm assembly, the supporting arm assembly comprises a supporting arm installation base and two supporting oil cylinders stretching out and drawing back in the left-right direction, the fixed ends of the supporting oil cylinders are connected to the supporting arm installation base, the stretching ends of the supporting oil cylinders are connected with supporting bodies, and the stretching ends are arranged in a back-to-back mode. The supporting body is provided with a supporting face used for being attached to the wall of a tunnel. The heading machine comprises the heading machine rear support. The rear support supports the tunnel walls on the left side and the right side of the tunnel, slag removal operation at the bottom of the tunnel is not affected, arrangement of a slag removal device is not affected, and the length of the heading machine is convenient to control. And meanwhile, the vertical oil cylinder does not need to be frequently adjusted during steering, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment, in particular to a tunnel boring machine rear support and a tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of tunnel construction equipment and construction methods, full-section tunnel boring machines (hereinafter referred to as tunnel boring machines) are being applied to more and more fields. TBMs mainly include TBMs, shield machines, pipe jacking machines and other types, and different types are suitable for different tunneling conditions. For example, when tunneling coal mines, main beam TBMs or Kai-type TBMs are usually used, especially Kai-type TBMs with compact structures and small turning radius, which have broad application prospects.

[0003] The applicant's Chinese invention patent application with application publication number CN116658180A discloses a mining TBM, the inner shell of which is equipped with a rear support, which includes a mounting base (a seat body connected to the inner shell), a vertical oil cylinder that swings left and right, a horizontal adjustment oil cylinder, a leg box, and two legs (the two legs are on the same leg box), and the legs extend downward to fit with the bottom support of the tunnel wall. One end of the vertical oil cylinder is hinged on the mounting base, and the other end is hinged on the leg box. Controlling the extension and contraction of the vertical oil cylinder can make the legs support the bottom of the tunnel wall to provide support for the tunnel boring machine when changing steps or turning. When turning is required, the extension and contraction of the horizontal adjustment oil cylinder can be controlled to drive the legs to deflect to one side relative to the inner shell. That is, the vertical oil cylinder mainly controls the rear support to hold the tunnel wall tightly, and the horizontal adjustment oil cylinder mainly controls the posture of the rear support.

[0004] For coal mine tunnels, especially those close to coal seams, the geology is easily broken, and a large amount of slag is easily accumulated at the bottom of the tunnel wall. During the excavation process, the slag at the bottom needs to be cleaned in time to ensure the normal excavation of the equipment. However, the legs of the above-mentioned rear support extend downward, and when it is tightened, it needs to support the bottom of the tunnel wall to provide reaction force, so the rear support will affect the slag cleaning operation at the bottom of the tunnel wall. At the same time, in order to achieve mechanized slag cleaning, TBM is generally also equipped with slag cleaning devices (slag cleaning mechanical arms, push shovels, etc.), but the legs occupy part of the space at the bottom of the tunnel wall. When arranging the slag cleaning device, in the front and rear directions of the inner shell, the slag cleaning device needs to be at a large distance from the rear support to avoid interference between the slag cleaning device and the legs. This makes it difficult to control the length of the inner shell, and thus it is difficult to control the turning radius of the TBM. In addition, when turning and adjusting the direction is required, the above-mentioned rear support needs to first retract the vertical cylinder to lift the legs, and then extend the legs to tighten the bottom of the tunnel wall, and the adjustment process is also relatively cumbersome. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a rear support for a roadheader to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the rear support for a roadheader affects the bottom slag cleaning operation and the arrangement of the slag cleaning device and the cumbersome adjustment process during steering. The purpose of the utility model is also to provide a roadheader to solve the same technical problem.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the rear support of the tunnel boring machine provided by the utility model is:

[0007] A rear support for a tunnel boring machine comprises a mounting base and a vertical cylinder hinged at one end to the mounting base, a support arm assembly hinged at the other end of the vertical cylinder for supporting the left and right walls of a tunnel, the support arm assembly comprises a support arm mounting seat hingedly matched with the vertical cylinder and two support cylinders telescopic in left and right directions, the fixed ends of the two support cylinders are connected to the support arm mounting seat, the telescopic ends are arranged back to back, and the telescopic ends are connected to a support body, and the support body is provided with a support surface for fitting against the tunnel wall.

[0008] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting seat has a support body mounting chamber for mounting the support body, and the support body guide is embedded in the support body mounting chamber.

[0009] As a further improvement, the supporting oil cylinder is embedded in the supporting body installation cabin.

[0010] As a further improvement, the support body has a support cylinder accommodating chamber for accommodating the support cylinder, and the support cylinder is at least partially located in the support cylinder accommodating chamber.

[0011] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting base is a closed box, and the internal space of the box forms a support body mounting cabin.

[0012] As a further improvement, the support body and the support body mounting compartment are fitted with each other in a non-rotatable manner.

[0013] As a further improvement, a wear-resistant structure is provided between the guide mating surfaces of the support body and the support body mounting compartment.

[0014] As a further improvement, an arc-shaped shoe plate is installed on the support body through a hinge structure, the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped shoe plate forms the supporting surface, and the hinge axis of the hinge structure extends along the front-back direction or the hinge structure is a universal hinge structure.

[0015] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting seat is an integrated structure, and the two support cylinders are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the support arm mounting seat.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model belongs to an improved invention. Specifically, when in use, the rear support can be installed on the tunnel boring machine (main beam or inner ke) through the installation base, and the vertical height of the support arm assembly can be adjusted through the vertical oil cylinder. The support oil cylinder can push the support body to extend to the left and right sides respectively relative to the support arm mounting seat, and the arc-shaped shoe plate is supported on the tunnel walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel to meet the support needs of the tunnel boring machine. Compared with the prior art, the rear support in the utility model supports the tunnel walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel, so it will not affect the slag cleaning operation at the bottom of the tunnel, nor will it affect the arrangement of the slag cleaning device, which is convenient for controlling the length of the tunnel boring machine and is more suitable for tunnel construction with a small turning radius. In addition, when steering is required, the extension and contraction of the two support oil cylinders can be actively controlled, for example, one support oil cylinder is extended and the other support oil cylinder is retracted, so the posture of the support arm assembly can be directly adjusted, and there is no need to frequently adjust the vertical oil cylinder, and the tunnel wall is kept tight, and the efficiency is also high.

[0017] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the tunnel boring machine provided by the utility model is:

[0018] A tunnel boring machine includes a rear support, which includes a mounting base and a vertical cylinder with one end hinged to the mounting base, the other end of the vertical cylinder is hinged to a support arm assembly for supporting the left and right walls of a tunnel, the support arm assembly includes a support arm mounting seat hingedly matched with the vertical cylinder and two support cylinders telescopic in left and right directions, the fixed ends of the two support cylinders are connected to the support arm mounting seat, the telescopic ends are arranged back to back, and the telescopic ends are connected to a support body, and the support body is provided with a support surface for fitting against the tunnel wall.

[0019] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting seat has a support body mounting chamber for mounting the support body, and the support body guide is embedded in the support body mounting chamber.

[0020] As a further improvement, the supporting oil cylinder is embedded in the supporting body installation cabin.

[0021] As a further improvement, the support body has a support cylinder accommodating chamber for accommodating the support cylinder, and the support cylinder is at least partially located in the support cylinder accommodating chamber.

[0022] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting base is a closed box, and the internal space of the box forms a support body mounting cabin.

[0023] As a further improvement, the support body and the support body mounting compartment are fitted with each other in a non-rotatable manner.

[0024] As a further improvement, a wear-resistant structure is provided between the guide mating surfaces of the support body and the support body mounting compartment.

[0025] As a further improvement, an arc-shaped shoe plate is installed on the support body through a hinge structure, the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped shoe plate forms the supporting surface, and the hinge axis of the hinge structure extends along the front-back direction or the hinge structure is a universal hinge structure.

[0026] As a further improvement, the support arm mounting seat is an integrated structure, and the two support cylinders are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the support arm mounting seat.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model belongs to an improved invention. Specifically, when in use, the vertical height of the support arm assembly can be adjusted by the vertical cylinder. The support cylinder can push the support body to extend to the left and right sides respectively relative to the support arm mounting seat, and support the arc-shaped boot plate against the tunnel walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel to meet the support needs of the tunnel boring machine. Compared with the prior art, the rear support in the utility model supports the tunnel walls on the left and right sides of the tunnel, so it will not affect the slag cleaning operation at the bottom of the tunnel, nor will it affect the layout of the slag cleaning device, which is convenient for controlling the length of the tunnel boring machine and is more suitable for tunnel construction with a small turning radius. In addition, when steering is required, the extension and retraction of the two support cylinders can be actively controlled, for example, one support cylinder is extended and the other support cylinder is retracted, so the posture of the rear support can be directly adjusted, and the tunnel wall can be kept tight, and there is no need to frequently adjust the vertical cylinder, and the efficiency is also high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear support embodiment of the tunnel boring machine in the utility model when the support body is retracted;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view at AA in the middle;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rear support embodiment of the tunnel boring machine in the utility model when the support body is extended outward.

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Installation base; 2. Vertical cylinder; 3. Support arm mounting seat; 4. Horizontal adjustment cylinder; 5. Support cylinder; 6. Support body; 7. Boot plate; 8. Articulated shaft; 9. Support body installation cabin; 10. Support cylinder accommodation cabin; 11. Wear-resistant structure; 100. Neike. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In view of the problems pointed out in the background technology, the basic technical concept of the utility model is to change the structure of the rear support used to tighten the tunnel wall support body from vertical extension to horizontal extension in the left and right directions, and to change the action of tightening the tunnel wall from vertical cylinder drive to independent support cylinder drive that extends and retracts in the left and right directions. In this way, when the rear support tightens the tunnel wall, it fits the left and right sides of the tunnel wall, freeing up the space at the bottom, and will not affect the slag cleaning operation at the bottom and the installation of the slag cleaning device. At the same time, the extension and retraction amount of the support cylinder can be actively adjusted to achieve the adjustment of the rear support posture, and it also has higher turning efficiency.

[0034] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0035] The specific embodiment of the rear support of the tunnel boring machine provided by the utility model is as follows:

[0036] The rear support of the tunnel boring machine provided in this embodiment (hereinafter referred to as the rear support) is as follows: Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a mounting base 1, through which the rear support can be installed on the tunnel boring machine. Taking the Kai type TBM as an example, the rear support can be installed on the Nei Kai 100 through the mounting base 1. Of course, for the main beam type TBM, the rear support can be installed on the main beam. In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model, the excavation direction of the tunnel boring machine during excavation is defined as the front-to-back direction. On the horizontal plane, the direction perpendicular to the front-to-back direction is the left-to-right direction. The rear support also includes a vertical cylinder 2, which can swing left and right. One end of the vertical cylinder 2 is hinged on the mounting base 1, and the other end is hinged with a support arm assembly. For the left and right swing of the vertical cylinder 2, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the hinge axis of the vertical cylinder 2 extends along the front-to-back direction. The support arm assembly is used to fit with the left and right side walls of the tunnel to play a supporting role.

[0037] Specifically, the support arm assembly includes a support arm mounting seat 3 and two support cylinders 5, and the other end of the vertical cylinder 2 is hinged to the support arm mounting seat 3. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides an integrated support arm mounting seat 3, and two support oil cylinders 5 are respectively installed on the left and right sides of the support arm mounting seat 3. The integrated support arm mounting seat 3 referred to here can be an integrated support arm mounting seat 3 that is longer in the left and right directions, or it can be two independent support arm mounting seats 3 spliced ​​into an integrated support arm mounting seat 3 by welding or bolting. Of course, the support arm mounting seat 3 can also be two split support arm mounting seats 3, and the two support arm mounting seats 3 are arranged one on the left and one on the right. However, the integrated support arm mounting seat 3 is more stable in force.

[0038] This embodiment is also equipped with a horizontal adjustment cylinder 4, one end of which is hinged on the support arm mounting seat 3, and the other end is hinged on the connection foundation (mounting seat, ear plate, etc.) provided on the inner Kai 100. Of course, for a main beam type tunnel boring machine, the other end of the horizontal adjustment cylinder 4 corresponds to the connection foundation provided on the hinged main beam. For a split support arm mounting seat 3, both split support arm mounting seats 3 need to be equipped with a corresponding horizontal adjustment cylinder 4. Under the connecting action of the horizontal adjustment cylinder 4, the vertical cylinder 2 and the support arm assembly form a stable force-bearing structure.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the fixed end of the support cylinder 5 is connected to the support arm mounting seat 3, and the telescopic end is connected to the support body 6. The support body 6 is provided with a support surface for fitting with the tunnel wall. In this embodiment, the support body 6 is connected with an arc-shaped boot plate 7, and the outer arc surface of the boot plate 7 forms the support surface. In addition, the telescopic ends of the two support cylinders 5 are arranged back to back, and the support cylinders 5 can be extended outward in the left and right directions respectively. In other embodiments, the arc surface can also be directly processed at the end of the support body 6, and the boot plate 7 can be configured separately at this time. In this way, in this embodiment, when the support cylinders 5 on the left and right sides extend outward, they can push the support body 6 to move outward, and the boot plate 7 holds the tunnel wall tightly to ensure the support stability of the rear support. Specifically, the support arm mounting seat 3 is a hollow structure, which has a support body installation cabin 9 for installing the support body 6, and the support body 6 is guided and embedded in the support body installation cabin 9. For ease of understanding, the guide embedding referred to here can be compared to a telescopic sleeve structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the support body 6 and the inner wall of the support body installation cabin 9 are guided and matched, so that when the cave wall is tightened, the support reaction force from the cave wall is mainly borne by the support arm mounting seat 3, which improves the force of the support oil cylinder 5. The support arm mounting seat 3 can be a closed box, for example, directly made of a box beam, in which case the internal space of the support arm mounting seat 3 forms a support body installation cabin 9, and the support oil cylinder 5 and the support body 6 are both arranged in the support body installation cabin 9, so that the design can maximize the guide contact area between the support body 6 and the support body installation cabin 9. Of course, in other embodiments, the support arm mounting seat 3 can be an incompletely closed structure, for example, a narrow slot can be opened on one side wall of the box structure, in which case the support oil cylinder 5 can also be installed outside the support arm mounting seat 3, and the support body 6 can be equipped with a pin extending from the slot, and the movable end (piston rod) of the support oil cylinder 5 can be connected to the pin, thereby pushing the support body 6 to move outward. In this embodiment, the supporting cylinder 5 can of course also be installed inside the supporting arm mounting base 3 .

[0040] like Figure 2As shown, on the basis that the support cylinder 5 is installed inside the support arm mounting seat 3, the support body 6 in this embodiment is also a hollow structure, and a support cylinder accommodating compartment 10 is formed inside it, and at least a part of the support cylinder 5 is located in the support cylinder accommodating compartment 10 (the support cylinder 5 can be completely located in the support cylinder accommodating compartment 10, and the fixed end can be connected to the support arm mounting seat 3 through a connecting rod or other structure). In this way, it can first ensure that there is a long guide section for guiding cooperation between the support body 6 and the support arm mounting seat 3, and at the same time, it can better control the width of the support arm assembly in the left and right directions, which is also conducive to improving the steering flexibility of the tunnel boring machine. It is not difficult to understand that in other embodiments, the support body 6 may not be a hollow structure, for example, it is a solid support column, and one end of the support cylinder 5 is directly connected to the end of the support column. In this case, the size of the support arm assembly will be increased, but it can still be used for tunneling of larger diameters.

[0041] In addition, regarding the guiding matching relationship between the support body 6 and the support body mounting cabin 9, this embodiment provides a form of anti-rotation matching between the support body 6 and the support body mounting cabin 9. Specifically, the inner wall of the support body mounting cabin 9 is a polygonal structure, such as a quadrilateral or hexagon, and the outer peripheral surface of the support body 6 is also a polygonal structure. This anti-rotation matching can transfer the counter torque received by the support body 6 to the support arm mounting seat 3, and the stability is better. Of course, in other embodiments, the inner wall of the support body mounting cabin 9 can also be a circular structure, and the support body 6 is a cylindrical structure.

[0042] In this embodiment, a wear-resistant structure 11 is provided between the guide mating surfaces of the support body 6 and the support body installation chamber 9, so that the wear of the support body 6 and the support body installation chamber 9 can be improved and the service life can be increased. Specifically, the wear-resistant structure 11 can be a wear-resistant sleeve (such as a copper sleeve) sleeved on the outside of the support body 6, or it can be a plurality of wear-resistant blocks arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction. Of course, in other embodiments, the support body 6 and the support body installation chamber 9 can also be directly made of wear-resistant materials, so that the wear-resistant structure 11 does not need to be provided separately.

[0043] The boot plate 7 in this embodiment is mounted on the support body 6 through a hinge structure. Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hinge structure can be a hinged shaft structure, in which the hinge axis extends in the front-rear direction, so that when the vertical oil cylinder 2 drives the support arm assembly to rise or fall to different heights, the angle of the shoe plate 7 can be fine-tuned to ensure that the shoe plate 7 can have a larger contact area with the cave wall, disperse the counter-support force, and improve the force of the support arm mounting seat 3 and the support body 6. Of course, the hinge structure can also be a universal hinge structure, such as a ball joint or a Hook joint.

[0044] In this embodiment, when working, Figure 3As shown, the support cylinders 5 on the left and right sides can extend outward, push the support body 6 to move outward, and the shoe plate 7 holds the cave wall tightly, playing the supporting effect of the rear support. After analysis, it can be seen that the rear support in this embodiment holds the cave walls on the left and right sides tightly, which relieves the rear support from occupying the bottom space, facilitates the slag cleaning operation, and also facilitates the arrangement of the slag cleaning device and controls the length of the tunnel boring machine. In addition, when steering is required, the telescopic oil cylinders on both sides can be actively controlled to have different telescopic amounts, for example Figure 3 The telescopic cylinder on the middle right has a larger telescopic range, which can push the support arm assembly to the left by a certain angle, directly realizing the adjustment of the rear support posture during steering. There is no need to frequently adjust the vertical cylinder 2, and the efficiency is also high.

[0045] When steering is required, the posture of the support arm assembly can also be adjusted through the horizontal adjustment cylinder 4. In this way, the extension and contraction of the support cylinder 5 are coordinated and controlled, and the extension and contraction adjustment of the horizontal adjustment cylinder 4 are superimposed, so that the posture adjustment range of the support arm assembly can be expanded. At the same time, the support cylinder 5 and the horizontal adjustment cylinder 4 do not need to be equipped with a cylinder with a large stroke, that is, the size of each cylinder is small, and the overall structure is still compact, which is more suitable for tunnel projects with small diameters and small turning radius.

[0046] Specific embodiment of the tunnel boring machine in the utility model:

[0047] The tunnel boring machine includes a rear support, and the structure of the rear support is consistent with the above-mentioned embodiment of the tunnel boring machine rear support, which will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A rear support for a roadheader, comprising a mounting base and a vertical cylinder hinged at one end to the mounting base, characterized in that: The other end of the vertical cylinder is hinged with a support arm assembly for supporting the left and right walls of the tunnel. The support arm assembly includes a support arm mounting seat hinged with the vertical cylinder and two support cylinders that can be telescoped in the left and right directions. The fixed ends of the two support cylinders are connected to the support arm mounting seat, and the telescopic ends are arranged back to back. The telescopic ends are connected to a support body, and the support body is provided with a support surface for fitting against the tunnel wall.

2. The rear support of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support arm mounting seat has a support body mounting cabin for mounting the support body, and the support body guide is embedded in the support body mounting cabin.

3. The rear support of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting oil cylinder is embedded in the supporting body installation cabin.

4. The rear support of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The supporting body has a supporting cylinder accommodating chamber for accommodating the supporting cylinder, and the supporting cylinder is at least partially located in the supporting cylinder accommodating chamber.

5. The rear support of the tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The support arm mounting seat is a closed box, and the internal space of the box forms a support body mounting cabin.

6. The rear support of a roadheader according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The support body and the support body mounting compartment are anti-rotationally matched.

7. The rear support of a roadheader according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: A wear-resistant structure is provided between the guide matching surfaces of the support body and the support body mounting cabin.

8. The rear support of a roadheader according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An arc-shaped shoe plate is installed on the support body through a hinge structure, and the outer arc surface of the arc-shaped shoe plate forms the supporting surface. The hinge axis of the hinge structure extends along the front-back direction or the hinge structure is a universal hinge structure.

9. The rear support of a roadheader according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The support arm mounting seat is an integrated structure, and two support oil cylinders are respectively mounted on the left and right sides of the support arm mounting seat.

10. A roadheader, comprising a rear support, characterized in that: The rear support is the rear support in any one of claims 1-9.

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