Fracturing operation site lightning protection system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a lightning protection system for a fracturing operation site, which belongs to the field of lightning protection and comprises a lightning receiving type lightning protection device arranged on a building in a high-voltage area of the fracturing operation site and used for direct lightning protection and a non-lightning receiving type lightning protection device arranged in a low-voltage area and used for personnel climbing safety protection. The controller is connected with the lightning arresting type lightning protection device and the non-lightning arresting type lightning protection device and used for monitoring resistance changes, and the alarm is connected with the controller. The lightning-receiving type lightning protection device and the non-lightning-receiving type lightning protection device are both connected with the grounding ground screen and are separated from construction equipment on the fracturing operation site, and all the construction equipment on the fracturing operation site are connected into the surrounding ground screen through grounding wires and form equipotential connection. Through combined application of various lightning protection measures, the safety of climbing personnel and equipment at high positions and the safety of precise instruments and personnel such as electrical equipment and instruments at low positions are achieved, and the safety of operation of the electrically-driven fracturing platform in thunder and lightning weather is comprehensively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a lightning protection system, in particular to a lightning protection system for a fracturing operation site. Background Art

[0002] Fracturing field operations are often accompanied by bad weather, among which rainstorms and lightning are the most common. Lightning strikes can cause damage to equipment, instrument circuits, and even casualties in the fracturing platform. Currently, there are a large number of instruments and electric drive equipment facilities in the fracturing platform. In the sudden thunderstorms during the rainy season every year, it is very easy to cause instrument damage, equipment paralysis, and eventually interruption of fracturing construction.

[0003] As the scale of development increases, the height of equipment on the construction site is also increasing. Cranes, hourglasses, and cubic tanks are all covered with insulating materials, without effective lightning-inducing grounding measures. The rest of the fracturing equipment and camping houses are only equipped with static grounding wires, and there is no perfect way to solve the problem of lightning strikes and equipment circuit damage. With the increase in electric-driven equipment, there is no corresponding implementation standard and method for lightning protection at fracturing sites in China. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to solve the problem that there is no lightning protection system that meets the implementation standards at the fracturing construction site, which is easy to cause lightning strikes and damage to equipment circuits. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations is proposed. The protection system achieves the safety of high-altitude climbing personnel and equipment, and the safety of electrical equipment, instruments and other precision instruments and personnel at low places through the combined application of multiple lightning protection measures.

[0005] In order to achieve the above utility model purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A lightning protection system for a fracturing operation site, characterized in that it comprises a lightning protection device for protecting against direct lightning strikes, which is arranged on a building in a high-voltage area of ​​the fracturing operation site; a non-lightning protection device for protecting personnel from climbing in a low-voltage area; a controller connected to the lightning protection device and the non-lightning protection device for monitoring resistance changes; and an alarm connected to the controller; the lightning protection device and the non-lightning protection device are both connected to a grounding grid and separated from construction equipment at the fracturing operation site; all construction equipment at the fracturing operation site is connected to the grounding grid using a grounding wire to form an equipotential connection.

[0007] Preferably, the lightning protection device is a movable lightning rod tower, and the number of the movable lightning rod towers is determined according to the protection range and the installation height.

[0008] Preferably, the non-lightning-termination lightning protection device adopts a skylight direct lightning protection device with a protection angle of 70°.

[0009] Preferably, the grounding grid includes a horizontal grounding body and a vertical grounding body, the horizontal grounding body is made of 40*4 hot-dip galvanized flat steel, and the vertical grounding body is made of Ф16*1500 copper-plated grounding rod.

[0010] Preferably, a resistance detector 1 is provided on the grounding wire of the lightning protection device, and the resistance detector 1 is connected to the controller and is used to send a signal to the controller when the grounding resistance of the lightning protection device is greater than 10 ohms, so that the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm.

[0011] Preferably, a resistance detector 2 is provided on the grounding wire of the non-lightning protection device, and the resistance detector 2 is connected to the controller, and is used to send a signal to the controller when the grounding resistance of the non-lightning protection device is greater than 30 ohms, so that the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm.

[0012] Preferably, a resistance detector three is provided on the surrounding ground network, and the resistance detector three is connected to the controller, and is used to send a signal to the controller when the grounding resistance of the surrounding ground network is greater than 4 ohms, so that the controller controls the alarm to sound an alarm.

[0013] Preferably, the safety distance between the lightning arrester and its grounding wire and the protected object is ≥ 3m, and the cross-section of the grounding wire is ≥ 16mm. 2 .

[0014] Preferably, the non-lightning protection device uses a support rod with a height of 6m, which is installed on one side of the sand mixing truck at the top of the sand glass at the fracturing operation site.

[0015] Preferably, the surrounding ground grid is arranged around the fracturing equipment at the fracturing operation site, and connects all the column grounding ends at the fracturing operation site together, and the grounding resistance value of the surrounding ground grid is not greater than 4 ohms.

[0016] In summary, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. The lightning protection system of the utility model realizes the safety of climbing personnel and equipment at high places, the safety of electrical equipment, instruments and other precision instruments and personnel at low places through the combined application of multiple lightning protection measures. It can also arrange the reasonable position of lightning towers and lightning protection devices according to the on-site conditions of each platform, provide full coverage of lightning protection for key areas during fracturing construction, and comprehensively improve the safety of electric-driven fracturing platforms in lightning weather operations;

[0018] 2. The lightning protection system of the utility model includes the following parts: the first part is the direct lightning protection at the electric-driven fracturing site, and its main function is to lead the direct lightning into the ground to ensure the safety of the equipment and the surrounding personnel; the second part is the electric-driven climbing safety protection, and its main function is to avoid the introduction of lightning into the ground to the greatest extent during the climbing operation to prevent casualties; the third part is the grounding at the electric-driven fracturing site, and the grounding grid is the guarantee for the effective functioning of the protective facilities such as lightning rods, lightning strips, equipotential connection, and shielding;

[0019] 3. The lightning protection system of the utility model can monitor the resistance change of the lightning protection device in real time and give an alarm, so that on-site personnel can promptly grasp the information of the failure of the protection system and take countermeasures to avoid the occurrence of safety accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The drawings in the specification, which constitute a part of the present application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 A layout diagram of a lightning protection system for a fracturing operation site of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the protection range of a mobile lightning rod tower;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lightning protection system of the present invention;

[0024] In the figure:

[0025] 1. Lightning-termination lightning protection device, 2. Non-lightning-termination lightning protection device, 3. Grounding grid, 4. Resistance tester 1, 5. Resistance tester 2, 6. Controller, 7. Alarm, 8. Resistance tester 3, 9. Surrounding ground grid. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the utility model clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the utility model described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to be protected, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0029] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "vertical", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or position relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use, or the orientation or position relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art, which is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present utility model. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] The utility model provides a lightning protection system for a fracturing operation site, comprising a lightning protection device 1 for protecting against direct lightning strikes and arranged on a building in a high-voltage area of ​​the fracturing operation site, a non-lightning protection device 2 for protecting personnel from climbing in a low-voltage area, a controller 6 connected to the lightning protection device 1 and the non-lightning protection device 2 and used for monitoring resistance changes, and an alarm 7 connected to the controller 6; the lightning protection device 1 and the non-lightning protection device 2 are both connected to a grounding grid 3 and separated from construction equipment at the fracturing operation site, and all construction equipment at the fracturing operation site are connected to a surrounding grounding grid 9 using a grounding wire to form an equipotential connection.

[0033] In this embodiment, the lightning arrester 1 is a movable lightning rod tower, the number of which is determined according to the protection range and the installation height, and the movable lightning rod tower does not contain electronic components, has no aging problem, and works stably and reliably. Due to its light structure, easy installation and low grounding resistance requirements, it can be used for direct lightning protection of buildings, structures and electronic information systems.

[0034] Preferably, the lightning rod tower is set at a height of 20m, its rolling ball is connected to an independent grounding grid, and the rolling ball radius is 30m. The number of field equipment varies according to the configuration of electric drive well site, conventional well site, and electric drive conventional mixed well site. Usually, the electric drive equipment is arranged at a height of about 3 meters, and the conventional diesel drive fracturing equipment is arranged at a height of about 4 meters.

[0035] With A and B as the center, h r Draw an arc with a radius of 1 / 4, which intersects the needle tip and is tangent to the ground. The entire conical space from the arc to the ground is the protection range of the lightning rod.

[0036] like Figure 2 As shown, the lightning rod tower is at h x The protection radius on the height level is:

[0037] ;

[0038] The protection radius of the lightning rod on the ground is: .

[0039] After installation, the protection radius of the lightning rod tower for ground equipment is 28.3 meters, the protection radius for equipment at a height of 3 meters is 15.21 meters, the protection radius for equipment at a height of 3.6 meters is 14 meters, and the protection radius for equipment at a height of 4 meters is 13.31 meters.

[0040] In this embodiment, the non-lightning-terminal lightning protection device 2 adopts a skylight direct lightning protection device with a protection angle of 70°. The non-lightning-terminal lightning protection device adopts the principle of neutralizing (intercepting) the downward leader of lightning with ground charge, which greatly reduces the probability of being struck by lightning, and prevents the protected object from being struck by lightning under the premise of less lightning connection and less lightning induction. In addition, the non-lightning-terminal lightning protection device has the advantage of low grounding requirements. In this embodiment, in order to avoid blocking the crane boom, a support rod with a height of 6m is used, which is installed on one side of the sand mixing truck at the top of the sandglass. The protection diameter for a person or object with a height of 2 meters is 21.6m.

[0041] For the grounding protection of the electric drive fracturing site, both the lightning arrester and non-lightning arrester are grounded nearby by separate grounding. An overall surrounding ground grid is built around the fracturing equipment at the construction site, and the grounding ends of the columns are connected together.

[0042] like Figure 1The figure shows a fracturing site layout diagram of the utility model. Figure 1 The protection area for fracturing construction in the operation site is 40m*16m. Lightning towers and lightning protection devices are arranged according to the on-site conditions of each platform to provide full coverage of lightning protection for key areas during fracturing construction. In the figure, mobile lightning rod towers are set up at points A and B, and a canopy direct lightning protection device is installed at point C. The protection radius can cover the entire fracturing construction area.

[0043] The equipment placement method and well site construction area of ​​the fracturing construction site are not fixed. Various equipment such as lightning protection devices are deployed on site according to the actual situation to form a full range of protection combinations. The number of lightning towers, lightning protection devices, and grounding grids deployed on site is also optimized according to the above protection scope and principles, and is not unique.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the grounding grid 3 is generally composed of a horizontal grounding body and a vertical grounding body, wherein the horizontal grounding body adopts 40*4 hot-dip galvanized flat steel, and the vertical grounding body adopts Ф16*1500 copper-plated grounding rod, and the grounding resistance value of the newly built grounding grid is not greater than 4 ohms.

[0045] The construction site adopts a combined grounding method of grounding grid + grounding wire, and the grounding wires of all construction equipment and facilities on site are connected to the surrounding ground grid 9 to form an equipotential connection. All lightning towers and non-lightning protection devices on site are grounded separately and separated from the construction equipment.

[0046] After the installation of the utility model's on-site lightning protection system, the on-site inspection is carried out. The grounding resistance for lightning protection is ≤10Ω; the grounding resistance for anti-static is ≤100Ω; the grounding resistance for electrical devices is ≤4Ω; the cross-connection resistance is ≤0.03Ω. The safety distance between the lightning protection device, down conductor and grounding device and the protected object is ≥3m, and the cross-section of the grounding wire is ≥16mm. 2 .

[0047] Furthermore, the structure of the lightning protection system is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, a resistance detector 14 is provided on the grounding line of the lightning protection device 1, and the resistance detector 14 is connected to the controller 6, and is used to send a signal to the controller 6 when the grounding resistance of the lightning protection device is greater than 10 ohms, so that the controller 6 controls the alarm 7 to sound an alarm. A resistance detector 25 is provided on the grounding line of the non-lightning protection device 2, and the resistance detector 22 is connected to the controller 6, and is used to send a signal to the controller 6 when the grounding resistance of the non-lightning protection device 2 is greater than 30 ohms, so that the controller 6 controls the alarm 7 to sound an alarm. Preferably, a resistance detector 38 is provided on the surrounding ground network 9, and the resistance detector 38 is connected to the controller 6, and is used to send a signal to the controller 6 when the grounding resistance of the surrounding ground network 9 is greater than 4 ohms, so that the controller 6 controls the alarm 7 to sound an alarm.

[0048] The lightning protection system of the utility model has the following features: the first part is the direct lightning protection at the electric-driven fracturing site, and its main function is to lead the direct lightning into the ground to ensure the safety of the equipment and the surrounding personnel; the second part is the electric-driven climbing safety protection, and its main function is to avoid the introduction of lightning into the ground to the maximum extent during the climbing operation to prevent casualties; the third part is the grounding at the electric-driven fracturing site, and the grounding grid is the guarantee for the effective functioning of protection facilities such as lightning rods, lightning strips, equipotential connections, and shielding. At the same time, the lightning protection system can monitor the resistance changes of the lightning protection device in real time and alarm, so that the on-site personnel can grasp the information of the failure of the protection system in time, so as to take countermeasures to avoid the occurrence of safety accidents. The utility model realizes the safety of the climbing personnel and equipment at high places, the safety of the electrical equipment, instruments and other precision instruments and personnel at low places through the combined application of multiple lightning protection measures, and can arrange the reasonable position of the lightning tower and the lightning protection device according to the on-site conditions of each platform, and fully cover the key areas in the fracturing construction with lightning protection, and comprehensively improve the safety of the electric-driven fracturing platform in thunder and lightning weather operations.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] In order to further improve the protection effect, on the basis of the lightning protection system of Example 1, a surge protector can also be configured for the power surge protection of the electric drive fracturing field distribution system. When a peak current or voltage suddenly occurs in the electrical circuit or communication line due to external interference, the surge protector can conduct and shunt in a very short time, thereby avoiding damage to other equipment in the circuit caused by the surge. At the same time, power surge protectors are installed on the power circuits of important equipment such as instrument vehicles and instrument skids. Before on-site matching installation, it is necessary to determine whether to install and the number of configurations based on the importance of the actual equipment and the configuration of the equipment. In actual implementation, the length of the connecting wires at both ends of the surge protector is ≤0.5m.

[0051] This utility model scheme realizes the safety of personnel and equipment at high places, the safety of electrical equipment, instruments and other precision instruments and personnel at low places through the combined application of multiple lightning protection measures, and can arrange lightning towers and lightning protection devices according to the on-site conditions of each fracturing platform to provide full coverage of lightning protection for key areas during fracturing construction. All implementation standards comply with GB50057-2010 "Design Specification for Lightning Protection of Buildings" and GB50343-2012 "Technical Specification for Lightning Protection of Electronic Information Systems in Buildings", and are designed in accordance with the safety specifications for oil and gas well operation sites.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations. It is characterized in that The invention comprises a lightning protection device (1) installed on a building in a high-voltage area of ​​a fracturing operation site for protection against direct lightning strikes, a non-lightning protection device (2) installed in a low-voltage area for safety protection of personnel climbing, a controller (6) connected to the lightning protection device (1) and the non-lightning protection device (2) for monitoring resistance changes, and an alarm (7) connected to the controller (6); the lightning protection device (1) and the non-lightning protection device (2) are both connected to an independent grounding grid (3) and separated from the construction equipment at the fracturing operation site; all the construction equipment at the fracturing operation site are connected to a surrounding ground grid (9) using a grounding wire to form an equipotential connection.

2. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The lightning arrester device (1) is a movable lightning rod tower, and the number of the movable lightning rod towers is determined according to the protection range and the installation height.

3. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The non-lightning-termination lightning protection device (2) adopts a skylight direct lightning protection device with a protection angle of 70°.

4. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The grounding grid (3) comprises a horizontal grounding body and a vertical grounding body, wherein the horizontal grounding body is made of 40*4 hot-dip galvanized flat steel, and the vertical grounding body is made of Ф16*1500 copper-plated grounding rod.

5. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A resistance detector (4) is provided on the grounding wire of the lightning arrester (1). The resistance detector (4) is connected to the controller (6) and is used to send a signal to the controller (6) when the grounding resistance of the lightning arrester (1) is greater than 10 ohms, so that the controller (6) controls the alarm (7) to sound an alarm.

6. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A second resistance detector (5) is provided on the grounding line of the non-lightning-termination lightning protection device (2). The second resistance detector (5) is connected to the controller (6) and is used to send a signal to the controller (6) when the grounding resistance of the non-lightning-termination lightning protection device (2) is greater than 30 ohms, so that the controller (6) controls the alarm (7) to sound an alarm.

7. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A resistance detector three (8) is provided on the surrounding ground grid (9), and the resistance detector three (8) is connected to the controller (6) and is used to send a signal to the controller (6) when the grounding resistance of the surrounding ground grid (9) is greater than 4 ohms, so that the controller (6) controls the alarm (7) to sound an alarm.

8. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The safety distance between the lightning arrester (1) and its grounding wire and the protected object is ≥ 3m, and the cross-section of the grounding wire is ≥ 16mm. 2 .

9. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The non-lightning-connection lightning protection device (2) uses a support rod with a height of 6 m and is installed on one side of a sand mixing truck at the top of a sand filter at a fracturing operation site.

10. A lightning protection system for fracturing operations according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The surrounding ground grid (9) is arranged around the fracturing equipment at the fracturing operation site, and connects all the column grounding ends at the fracturing operation site together. The grounding resistance value of the surrounding ground grid (9) is not greater than 4 ohms.

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