Motor switching circuit of vehicle driver

Abstract

The utility model discloses a motor switching circuit of a vehicle driver, which is applied to the technical field of vehicle drivers, comprises U windings, V windings, W windings and a switching module, and is characterized in that the U windings are formed by electrically connecting a U1 wiring terminal and a U2 wiring terminal, the V windings are formed by electrically connecting a V1 wiring terminal and a V2 wiring terminal, and the W windings are formed by electrically connecting a V1 wiring terminal and a V2 wiring terminal. According to the utility model, the motor windings are independent coils, and the MOSFETs are used as change-over switch devices, so that the problem of contact resistance between winding switching is effectively solved, and meanwhile, the switching MOSFETs corresponding to each group of windings are connected with source electrodes, so that the problem that the MOSFETs are damaged by counter electromotive force during winding switching is effectively solved; and the driving principle of the MOSFET is that isolation driving and fixed PWM bootstrap boost are adopted, so that the switching requirement of the MOSFET is effectively solved, and the characteristics of small conduction internal resistance and large bearing current during operation are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of vehicle drivers, and in particular relates to a motor switching circuit of a vehicle driver. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid progress of social industrialization, while transportation tools are constantly developing, the pressure brought by transportation tools to the environment has also attracted much attention. Battery electric vehicles have been produced. Battery electric vehicles rely on the electric energy in the battery to drive the motor of the driver to rotate, thereby converting the electric energy into kinetic energy. Therefore, they are very popular in the vast cities. However, while the existing battery electric vehicles are popular with people, their own defects have also arisen;

[0003] Since existing electric vehicles lack a way to switch the motor operation during driving, especially to switch between high torque and high speed of the drive motor, and the motor torque is an important indicator to measure the motor performance, it will directly affect the overall performance of the electric vehicle. Therefore, it greatly limits the operating efficiency and driving distance of the electric vehicle. For this reason, we propose a motor switching circuit for the vehicle drive. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a motor switching circuit for a vehicle drive, which has the advantage of switching the motor operation mode so that the motor can exert maximum torque and a wider efficiency platform, thereby making the vehicle performance more superior.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the utility model are achieved through the following technical solutions: a motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive, including a U winding, a V winding, a W winding, and a switching module, wherein the U windings are electrically connected by U1 terminals and U2 terminals, the V windings are electrically connected by V1 terminals and V2 terminals, and the W windings are electrically connected by W1 terminals and W2 terminals, and N-channel Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET are also electrically connected between the U winding, V winding, and W winding, respectively.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor switching module determines the connection mode of the U winding, V winding and W winding of the motor according to the data uploaded by the driver to control the state of the motor operation, and the default Y connection is powered on; then the motor starts to run at low speed and high torque, and the three independent windings change the traditional fixed triangle connection or star connection, so that the whole vehicle can get the maximum starting power. When the whole vehicle is running, the motor is connected in two different modes, namely Y connection and triangle connection, and the real-time data of the motor uploaded by the driver, the motor speed and running current are received through the switching module, so that the motor switches the low-speed running state and the high-speed running state respectively, and then the motor operation mode is switched to make the motor play the maximum torque and a wider efficiency platform, thereby improving the overall performance of the vehicle; the motor winding is an independent coil and MOSFET is used as a switching switch device to effectively solve the contact resistance between the winding switching, and at the same time, the switching MOSFET corresponding to each group of windings is connected to the source to effectively solve the damage of the back electromotive force to the MOSFET during the winding switching; and the driving principle of the MOSFET is to use isolation drive and fixed PWM bootstrap boost to effectively solve the switching requirements of the MOSFET so that it has the characteristics of small internal resistance and large carrying current during operation.

[0007] The utility model is further configured as follows: the Q1 MOSFET and Q2 MOSFET have resistors R1 and R4 as gate drive resistors, and the Q3 MOSFET, Q4 MOSFET and Q9 MOSFET have resistors R2 and R5 as drive resistors.

[0008] The utility model is further configured as follows: the Q5MOSFET and Q6MOSFET have R3 and resistor R6 as driving resistors, and the Q7MOSFET and Q8MOSFET have resistors R7 and resistor R8 as driving resistors.

[0009] The utility model is further configured as follows: the resistance values ​​of the resistors R1 , R2 , R3 , and R7 are all 100 ohms.

[0010] The utility model is further configured as follows: the resistance values ​​of the resistors R4, R5, R6 and R8 are all 10K / 1%.

[0011] The utility model is further configured as follows: the ends of the U1 terminal and the U2 terminal are electrically connected to the H4 terminal motor winding terminal and the H1 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0012] The utility model is further configured as follows: the ends of the V1 terminal and the V2 terminal are electrically connected to the H2 terminal motor winding terminal and the H5 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0013] The utility model is further configured as follows: the ends of the W1 terminal and the W2 terminal are electrically connected to the H3 terminal motor winding terminal and the H6 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0014] The utility model is further configured as follows: the Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET all adopt high-voltage and high-current field effect tubes.

[0015] In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The motor switching module determines the connection mode of the U winding, V winding and W winding according to the data uploaded by the driver to control the state of the motor. The default Y connection mode is used when the power is turned on.

[0017] Then the motor starts running at low speed and high torque. The three independent windings change the traditional fixed triangle connection or star connection to maximize the starting power of the vehicle. When the vehicle is running, the motor is connected in two different modes: Y-connection and triangle connection. The switching module receives the real-time data of the motor uploaded by the driver, including the motor speed and running current, so that the motor switches between the low-speed running state and the high-speed running state respectively, and then switches the motor running mode, so that the motor can exert the maximum torque and a wider efficiency platform, thereby improving the overall performance of the vehicle.

[0018] 2. The motor winding is an independent coil and MOSFET is used as a switching switch device to effectively solve the contact resistance between winding switching. At the same time, the switching MOSFET corresponding to each set of windings is connected to the source to effectively solve the damage to the MOSFET caused by the back electromotive force during winding switching. The driving principle of MOSFET is to use isolated drive and fixed PWM bootstrap to effectively solve the switching requirements of MOSFET so that it has the characteristics of small internal resistance and large carrying current during operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a motor winding switching module circuit of the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a motor winding circuit of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 This is the Y-shaped connection method of the motor winding circuit of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 The utility model discloses a triangle connection method for a motor winding circuit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0024] Embodiment 1:

[0025] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 A motor switching circuit for a vehicle driver comprises a U winding, a V winding, a W winding and a switching module, wherein the U windings are electrically connected by U1 terminals and U2 terminals, the V windings are electrically connected by V1 terminals and V2 terminals, and the W windings are electrically connected by W1 terminals and W2 terminals, and the U winding, the V winding and the W winding are also electrically connected with N-channel Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET and Q9MOSFET respectively; the motor switching module determines the need to switch the connection mode of the U winding, the V winding and the W winding according to the data uploaded by the driver to control the state operation of the motor, and the default Y-connection mode is used when the power is turned on; then the motor starts to run at a low speed and with a large torque, and the three independent windings change the traditional fixed triangle connection mode or star connection mode to obtain the maximum starting power for the whole vehicle. When the whole vehicle is running, the motor is operated in two different modes, namely, the Y-connection mode and the triangle connection mode, and receives the driver signal through the switching module. The device uploads the real-time data of the motor, including the motor speed and the operating current, so that the motor can switch between the low-speed operation state and the high-speed operation state respectively, and then switch the motor operation mode, so that the motor can exert the maximum torque and a wider efficiency platform, thereby improving the overall performance of the vehicle; the motor winding is an independent coil and MOSFET is used as a switching switch device to effectively solve the contact resistance between the winding switching. At the same time, the switching MOSFET corresponding to each set of windings is connected to the source to effectively solve the damage to the MOSFET caused by the back electromotive force during the winding switching; and the driving principle of the MOSFET is to use isolated drive and fixed PWM bootstrap boost to effectively solve the switching requirements of the MOSFET so that it has the characteristics of small on-resistance and large carrying current during operation.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 , Q1 MOSFET and Q2 MOSFET have resistors R1 and R4 gate drivers, serving as on-switches for V1 and U2, with the two sources of Q1 and Q2 connected, with resistors R1 and R4 in between, serving as gate drive resistors for Q1 and Q2, Q3 MOSFET, Q4 MOSFET and Q9 MOSFET have resistors R2 and R5 gate drivers, serving as on-switches for connecting U2, V2 and W2, with the three sources of Q3, Q4 and Q9 connected, with resistors R2 and R5 in between, serving as gate drive resistors for Q3, Q4 and Q9.

[0027] refer to Figure 1 Q5MOSFET and Q6MOSFET have gate drivers with resistors R3 and R6, which serve as the on-switch tubes connecting V2 and W1. The resistors R3 and R6 between them serve as the gate drive resistors of Q5 and Q6. Q7MOSFET and Q8MOSFET have gate drivers with resistors R7 and R8, which serve as the on-switch tubes connecting U1 and W2. The resistors R7 and R8 between them serve as the gate drive resistors of Q7 and Q8.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 The resistance values ​​of resistors R1, R2, R3 and R7 are all 100 ohms.

[0029] refer to Figure 1 The resistance values ​​of resistors R4, R5, R6 and R8 are all 10K / 1%.

[0030] refer to Figure 1 The ends of the U1 terminal and the U2 terminal are electrically connected to the H4 terminal motor winding terminal and the H1 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0031] refer to Figure 1 The ends of the V1 terminal and the V2 terminal are electrically connected to the H2 terminal motor winding terminal and the H5 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 The ends of the W1 terminal and the W2 terminal are electrically connected to the H3 terminal motor winding terminal and the H6 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

[0033] refer to Figure 1 Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET all use high-voltage and high-current field-effect transistors.

[0034] Brief description of the usage process: First, power on the motor driver of the electric vehicle, and connect the motor driver to the UART port of the switching module to communicate, so that the driver can upload the motor's operating data (current speed, current operating current) in real time, and then switch the wiring methods of the U winding, V winding, and W winding respectively;

[0035] When the vehicle is stationary, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET are turned on to switch the motor to Y-connection. The motor starts at low speed and high torque, giving the vehicle maximum starting power.

[0036] When the vehicle is running, the motor data is uploaded in real time. The motor is connected in Y-shape. The switching module detects that the motor speed and running current are less than the set current limit value, and the high-speed switching condition is met. Then, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET are turned off, and Q1MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, and Q8MOSFET are turned on, so that the motor is switched to the high-speed running state of the triangle-connected motor.

[0037] When the vehicle is running, the motor data is uploaded in real time, and the motor runs in a triangle connection. The switching module detects that the motor is less than full speed and the running current is greater than the set current limit value, meeting the low-speed switching conditions. It turns off Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET and turns on Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q9MOSFET, so that the motor switches to the Y-connection motor low-speed running state.

[0038] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed, but such modifications are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A motor switching circuit for a vehicle drive, comprising a U winding, a V winding, a W winding, and a switching module, Features: The U windings are formed by electrically connecting U1 terminals and U2 terminals, the V windings are formed by electrically connecting V1 terminals and V2 terminals, and the W windings are formed by electrically connecting W1 terminals and W2 terminals. N-channel Q1 MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET, and Q9MOSFET are also electrically connected between the U winding, V winding, and W winding, respectively.

2. A motor switching circuit for a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The Q1MOSFET and Q2MOSFET have resistors R1 and R4 as gate drive resistors, and the Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET and Q9MOSFET have resistors R2 and R5 as drive resistors.

3. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The Q5MOSFET and Q6MOSFET have R3 and resistor R6 as driving resistors, and the Q7MOSFET and Q8MOSFET have resistor R7 and resistor R8 as driving resistors.

4. A motor switching circuit for a vehicle drive according to claim 3, Features: The resistance values ​​of the resistors R1 , R2 , R3 and R7 are all 100 ohms.

5. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 3, Features: The resistance values ​​of the resistors R4 , R5 , R6 and R8 are all 10K / 1%.

6. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The ends of the U1 terminal and the U2 terminal are electrically connected to the H4 terminal motor winding terminal and the H1 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

7. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The ends of the V1 terminal and the V2 terminal are electrically connected to the H2 terminal motor winding terminal and the H5 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

8. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The ends of the W1 terminal and the W2 terminal are electrically connected to the H3 terminal motor winding terminal and the H6 terminal motor winding terminal respectively.

9. The motor switching circuit of a vehicle drive according to claim 1, Features: The Q1MOSFET, Q2MOSFET, Q3MOSFET, Q4MOSFET, Q5MOSFET, Q6MOSFET, Q7MOSFET, Q8MOSFET and Q9MOSFET are all high-voltage and high-current field effect transistors.

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