Internal circulation type bract and kernel separating device of corn harvester and corn harvester
By designing a circulating bract and grain separation device in a corn harvester, and using the combination of scraper conveying separation device and screen, the problems of incomplete separation and large grain loss in the prior art are solved, and the further development is achieved The efficient separation effect reduces the loss of grains.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420286289.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-17
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-07
AI Technical Summary
The existing corn harvesters have problems of incomplete separation and large grain loss during the separation of bracts and grains.
A corn machine circulating bracts and grain separation device is designed, using scraper conveying and separation device and screen, and the conveying scraper is driven by a chain transmission mechanism to separate the bracts and grains. The conveying scraper is designed as a rear The inclination structure combines the unequal U-shaped carrier plate and the equilateral U-shaped plate to ensure a long and thorough separation path, preventing bracts and grain loss.
The full separation of bracts and grains is achieved, which reduces grain losses, ensures the length and thoroughness of the separation path, and avoids damage and losses of grains during transportation.
Smart Images
Figure CN222170507U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the technical field of corn harvesters, and particularly relates to a corn harvester internal circulation type husk and grain separation device and a corn harvester using the corn harvester internal circulation type husk and grain separation device. Background Art
[0002] When harvesting corn, after the corn ears are peeled by the peeling device of the corn harvester, the peeled kernels and husks fall into the lower space of the peeling roller, and then the husks are separated from the kernels by the husk separation mechanism and discharged out of the machine. The existing husk separation mechanisms include auger type and vibrating screen type, all of which have defects such as incomplete separation of husks and kernels and large kernel loss to varying degrees. Utility Model Content
[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings, the technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a corn machine internal circulation husk and grain separation device and a corn harvester which can fully separate the grains and husks, so as to reduce the loss of grains.
[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem of separation of bracts and seeds, the solution of the utility model is:
[0005] A corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device, comprising: a shell, the upper end of the shell is set as an inlet, the rear end of the shell is set as a husk discharge outlet, a scraper type conveying and separating device and a screen located below the scraper type conveying and separating device are arranged in the shell;
[0006] The scraper type conveying and separating device comprises a chain transmission mechanism, a carrier plate installed on the chain of the chain transmission mechanism and a throwing scraper fixed on the carrier plate, and the throwing scraper on the upper carrier plate is tilted backward.
[0007] Preferably, the angle α between the ejecting scraper and the vertical direction is between 10° and 30°.
[0008] Preferably, the carrier plate is an unequal-sided U-shaped structure, including an integrally formed front side plate, a rear side plate and a bottom plate, the rear side plate of the upper carrier plate is higher than the front side plate, the rear side plate is inclined backward, the ejection scraper is abutted against and fixed to the rear side plate of the carrier plate, and the ejection scraper is higher than the rear side plate.
[0009] Preferably, the throwing scraper is fixedly mounted on the rear side plate of the carrier plate by a U-shaped fastener and a threaded fastener, the U-shaped fastener is buckled on the lower part of the throwing scraper, and the threaded fastener passes through the U-shaped fastener, the throwing scraper and is connected to the rear side plate.
[0010] Preferably, an equilateral U-shaped plate is provided between two adjacent rows of the throwing scrapers, and the equilateral U-shaped plate is fixed to the chain.
[0011] Preferably, the front and rear adjacent throwing scrapers are staggered.
[0012] Preferably, a particle blocking member is provided at the bract discharge outlet.
[0013] Preferably, the chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and the chain, the driving sprocket is mounted on a driving shaft, and grass guards are respectively provided at both ends of the driving shaft.
[0014] Preferably, the grass baffle is an arc-shaped plate, and the grass baffle covers a side of the driving shaft close to the bract discharge outlet.
[0015] In order to solve the above technical problems about corn harvester, the technical solution of the utility model is:
[0016] A corn harvester, comprising: a peeling device, a bract and grain separating device located below the peeling device, and a grain box located below the bract and grain separating device, wherein the bract and grain separating device is an in-machine circulation type bract and grain separating device as described in any one of the above items.
[0017] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
[0018] When working, after the peeling device completes the peeling operation, the peeled grains and bracts fall from the entrance of the shell onto the upper carrier plate. The chain transmission mechanism drives the carrier plate to drive the throwing scraper to move. When the throwing scraper is located at the upper layer, it drives the bracts and grains to be transported inward. When the throwing scraper moves to the lower layer, the bracts and grains are scraped outward (i.e., in the direction of the bract discharge port). During the scraping process, the throwing scraper drives the bracts to turn over, so that the bracts and grains are fully separated. The separated grains fall into the grain box below through the sieve holes on the lower screen, and the bracts are driven by the throwing scraper to be discharged out of the machine through the bract discharge port. Since the bracts and grains are separated not only in the upper layer but also in the lower layer, the separation path is long, the separation is thorough, the grains are recovered as much as possible, and the grain loss is small.
[0019] The throwing scraper is designed as a backward tilting structure, which can prevent the lower layer of husks from winding around the driving shaft of the chain transmission mechanism. Further, grass baffles are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the driving shaft, which can further prevent the husks from winding around the driving shaft.
[0020] A relatively closed space is formed between the upper and lower layers of the scraper-type conveying and separating device. In order to prevent the grains from falling into the closed space, the carrier plate is an unequal-sided U-shaped structure. An equilateral U-shaped plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of throwing scrapers. The grains separated from the upper layer are stored in the U-shape. When the carrier plate moves to the lower layer, the grains fall into the grain box through the screen, so that the grains are fully recovered. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device according to the embodiment of the utility model;
[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure without the scraper type conveying and separating device;
[0024] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a scraper conveying and separating device;
[0025] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the middle carrier board;
[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a corn harvester according to an embodiment of the utility model;
[0027] In the figure:
[0028] Ⅰ. Peeling device; Ⅱ. In-machine circulating husk and kernel separation device; Ⅲ. Kernel box;
[0029] 1. Shell; 11. Inlet; 12. Husk outlet; 13. Particle blocking member; 2. Scraper-type conveying and separation device; 20. Grass blocking plate; 21. Active shaft; 22a. Carrier plate; 22a1. Front side plate; 22a2. Rear side plate; 22a3. Bottom plate; 22b. Equilateral U-shaped plate; 23. Throwing scraper; 24. U-shaped fastener; 241. Mounting hole; 25. Active sprocket; 26. Driven sprocket; 27. Driven shaft; 28. Roller; 29. Roller shaft; 3. Screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model more clear, the utility model is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model and are not used to limit the utility model.
[0031] In the description of this specification, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships described as "up and down", "left and right", "front and back", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.
[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, for the convenience of description, the end of the shell body 1 provided with the bract discharge port 12 is defined as the "rear", and the closed end of the shell body 1 opposite to the "rear" is defined as the "front".
[0033] like Figure 6 As shown, the corn harvester includes: a peeling device I, a corn machine internal circulating husk and grain separation device II located below the peeling device I, and a grain box III located below the corn machine internal circulating husk and grain separation device II.
[0034] like Figure 1-4 As shown together, the corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device II includes: a shell 1, the upper end of the shell 1 is set as an inlet 11, the rear end of the shell 1 is set as a husk discharge port 12, and a scraper type conveying and separating device 2 and a screen 3 located below the scraper type conveying and separating device 2 are provided in the shell 1.
[0035] The scraper conveying and separating device 2 comprises a chain transmission mechanism, a carrier plate 22a mounted on the chain of the chain transmission mechanism, and a throwing scraper 23 fixed on the carrier plate 22a, wherein the throwing scraper 23 on the upper carrier plate 22a is tilted backward. Chains are respectively arranged on the left and right sides of the housing 1.
[0036] During operation, after the peeling device I completes the peeling operation, the peeled grains and bracts fall from the entrance 11 of the shell 1 to the upper carrier 22a together, and the chain transmission mechanism drives the carrier 22a and the throwing scraper 23 to move. When the throwing scraper 23 is located at the upper layer, it drives the bracts and grains to be transported inward (i.e. forward), and when the throwing scraper 23 is transferred to the lower layer, the bracts and grains are transported to the bract discharge port 12 (i.e. backward). During the scraping process, the throwing scraper 23 drives the bracts to turn over, so that the bracts and grains are fully separated. The separated grains fall into the grain box III below through the sieve holes on the lower screen 3, and the bracts are driven by the throwing scraper 23 to be discharged out of the machine through the bract discharge port 12. Since the bracts and grains are separated not only in the upper layer, but also in the lower layer, the separation path is long and the separation is thorough. In addition, during the separation process, the grains will not be damaged, and the grains can be recovered as intact as possible, with less grain loss.
[0037] In order to prevent the bracts of the lower layer from being entangled on the driving shaft 21 of the chain transmission mechanism, the throwing scraper 23 is designed to have a backward tilt angle structure. Preferably, the backward tilt angle is α, 10°≤α≤30°.
[0038] The chain transmission mechanism includes a driving sprocket 25, a driven sprocket 26 and a chain. The driving sprocket 25 is mounted on the driving shaft 21, and the driven sprocket 26 is mounted on the driven shaft 27. Grass guards 20 are provided on both ends of the driving shaft 21 near the bract discharge port 12 to prevent the bracts of the lower layer from being entangled on the driving shaft 21. Preferably, in the illustrated embodiment, the grass guard 20 is an arc-shaped structure, and the grass guard 20 covers the side of the driving shaft 21 near the bract discharge port 12. In other embodiments, the grass guard 20 can also be a circular structure surrounding the driving shaft 21. The housing 1 is rotatably mounted with a roller 28 supporting the upper chain of the chain to prevent the upper chain from sagging, and the roller 28 is mounted on a roller shaft 29.
[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the carrier plate 22a is an unequal U-shaped structure, including an integrally formed front side plate 22a1, a rear side plate 22a2 and a bottom plate 22a3. The rear side plate 22a2 of the upper carrier plate is higher than the front side plate 22a1, and the rear side plate 22a2 is tilted backwards, and the tilt angle is consistent with the throwing scraper 23. The throwing scraper 23 is attached to and fixed on the rear side plate 22a2 of the carrier plate 22a. The throwing scraper 23 is higher than the rear side plate 22a2, and the bottom plate 22a3 is fixedly connected to the chain. A relatively closed space is formed between the upper and lower layers of the scraper conveying and separating device 2. In order to prevent the grains from falling into the closed space, the carrier plate 22a is an unequal U-shaped structure. The grains separated from the upper layer are stored in the U-shaped of the carrier plate 22a. When the carrier plate 22a moves to the lower layer, the grains fall into the grain box III through the screen 3 to recover the grains.
[0040] The throwing scraper 23 is fixedly mounted on the rear side plate 22a2 of the carrier plate 22a by a U-shaped fastener 24 and a threaded fastener. The U-shaped fastener 24 is buckled on the lower part of the throwing scraper 23. The rear side plate 22a2 is provided with a mounting hole 241. The threaded fastener passes through the U-shaped fastener 24, the throwing scraper 23 and is connected to the rear side plate 22a2. The threaded fastener is preferably a bolt or a screw, and the mounting hole 241 is a threaded hole. The bolt or the screw is threadedly connected to the mounting hole 241. In another embodiment, the threaded fastener is a bolt and a nut, and the mounting hole 241 is a plain hole. The bolt passes through the mounting hole 241 and is connected to the nut.
[0041] An equilateral U-shaped plate 22b is arranged between two adjacent rows of throwing scrapers 23. The equilateral U-shaped plate 22b is fixed to the chain. The carrier plate 22a and the equilateral U-shaped plate 22b are arranged alternately, which increases the separation space between bracts and grains. The upper equilateral U-shaped plate 22b can store the separated grains to prevent the grains from falling into a relatively closed space. When the equilateral U-shaped plate 22b moves to the lower layer, the grains fall into the grain box III through the screen 3 to recover the grains.
[0042] The front and rear adjacent throwing scrapers 23 are staggered, which not only provides a larger space for separating bracts and grains, but also provides a more uniform driving force on the bracts. The throwing scrapers 23 are evenly spaced on the carrier plate 22a.
[0043] In order to prevent the loss of grains caused by the bracts, a grain blocking member 13, such as a blocking rod or a baffle, is provided at the bract discharge port 12. The above is an example of the best implementation of the utility model, and the parts not described in detail are common knowledge of ordinary technicians in this field. The protection scope of the utility model shall be based on the content of the claims, and any equivalent transformation based on the technical enlightenment of the utility model is also within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A corn machine internal circulation type husk and kernel separation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises: a shell, wherein the upper end of the shell is set as an inlet, the rear end of the shell is set as a husk discharge outlet, and a scraper-type conveying and separating device and a screen located below the scraper-type conveying and separating device are arranged in the shell; The scraper type conveying and separating device comprises a chain transmission mechanism, a carrier plate mounted on the chain of the chain transmission mechanism, and a throwing scraper fixed on the carrier plate, wherein the throwing scraper on the upper carrier plate is tilted backwards; The carrier plate is an unequal-sided U-shaped structure, including an integrally formed front side plate, a rear side plate and a bottom plate. The rear side plate of the upper carrier plate is higher than the front side plate, and the rear side plate is inclined backward. The projection scraper is attached to and fixed to the rear side plate of the carrier plate, and the projection scraper is higher than the rear side plate.
2. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The angle α between the throwing scraper and the vertical direction is between 10° and 30°.
3. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The chain transmission mechanism comprises a driving sprocket, a driven sprocket and the chain. The driving sprocket is mounted on a driving shaft. Both ends of the driving shaft are respectively provided with grass baffles.
4. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The grass baffle is an arc-shaped plate, and the grass baffle covers a side of the driving shaft close to the bract discharge outlet.
5. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The throwing scraper is installed on the rear side plate of the carrier plate through a U-shaped fastener and a threaded fastener. The U-shaped fastener is fastened to the lower part of the throwing scraper, and the threaded fastener passes through the U-shaped fastener, the throwing scraper and is connected to the rear side plate.
6. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: An equilateral U-shaped plate is arranged between two adjacent rows of the throwing scrapers, and the equilateral U-shaped plate is fixed to the chain.
7. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear adjacent throwing scrapers are arranged in a staggered manner.
8. The corn machine internal circulation type husk and grain separation device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: A particle blocking member is provided at the bract discharge outlet.
9. A corn harvester, comprising: A peeling device, a bract and grain separating device located below the peeling device, and a grain box located below the bract and grain separating device, characterized in that the bract and grain separating device is the corn machine internal circulation type bract and grain separating device as described in any one of claims 1-8.