Roadway top displacement and deformation quantity comprehensive measuring device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a comprehensive measuring device for roadway top displacement deformation quantity, which comprises bearing support plates, guide arms, a tension sensor, a gravity sensor, a driving circuit and a detection pipe, the surface of each bearing support plate is parallel to the roadway top, the bearing support plates are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the roadway, and the lower end surface of each bearing support plate is hinged with at least two guide arms; the lower end face of the bearing supporting plate is connected with detection pipes through guide arms, a gravity sensor and two tension sensors are arranged in each detection pipe, the gravity sensors are located at the gravity center positions of the detection pipes, the two tension sensors are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the gravity sensors, and an auxiliary sensor set is arranged on the outer side face of each detection pipe. On one hand, the displacement deformation quantity of the top of the roadway in the horizontal plane direction and the vertical direction can be effectively and accurately detected; and on the other hand, auxiliary reinforced bearing protection can be carried out on the roadway top structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a comprehensive measuring device for displacement deformation of a tunnel top, belonging to the technical field of mining machinery and equipment. Background Art

[0002] In the process of mining mineral resources, tunnel construction and other operations, due to factors such as geological structure deformation, tunnel roof collapse accidents often occur, posing a great hidden danger to production safety. To address this problem, a variety of tunnel top geological structure displacement detection devices have been developed, such as "A mining tunnel base point displacement measurement device" with patent application number "201520483380.9" and "Tunnel surface displacement monitoring device" with patent application number "201711485279.7". Although these technical equipment can meet the needs of use to a certain extent, on the one hand, the equipment structure is complex and easily restricted by the working environment. On the other hand, the detection accuracy is relatively low, and it is impossible to effectively conduct comprehensive detection of data such as displacement and displacement direction. In addition, it lacks effective safety protection capabilities when rocks fall from the tunnel top due to displacement during operation. Therefore, the equipment functions are relatively single.

[0003] Therefore, in view of this situation, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive measurement device for the displacement deformation of the tunnel top to solve the existing technical problems and meet the needs of practical work. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides a comprehensive measuring device for the displacement deformation of the tunnel top. The novel structure is simple, and the degree of integration and modularization is high, which can effectively meet the needs of supporting use of various tunnel structures. At the same time, during operation, on the one hand, it can effectively and accurately detect the displacement deformation of the tunnel top in the horizontal and vertical directions, so as to timely discover the safety hazards existing in the tunnel top; on the other hand, during operation, it can realize auxiliary enhanced load-bearing protection for the tunnel top structure to prevent safety hazards to the tunnel safety caused by falling rocks from the tunnel top.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A comprehensive measurement device for the displacement deformation of a tunnel top comprises a bearing support plate, a guide arm, a tension sensor, a gravity sensor, an auxiliary sensor group and a detection tube. The bearing support plate is a plate-shaped structure with a rectangular cross section, and its plate surface is parallel to the tunnel top. The upper end surface of the bearing support plate is connected to the tunnel top through at least four anchor rods. At the same time, there are a number of bearing support plates, each of which is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel, and the spacing between two adjacent bearing support plates is not less than 30 cm. At the same time, the lower end surface of each bearing support plate is hinged with at least two guide arms, and the lower end surface of the bearing support plate is connected to the detection tube through the guide arm. The detection tube has an axial cross section of A rectangular hollow columnar structure, the axis of the detection tube is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axis of the detection tube and the center line of the load-bearing pallet are located in the same plane that is perpendicular to the lower end surface of the load-bearing pallet. A gravity sensor and two tension sensors are arranged in the detection tube, wherein the gravity sensor is located at the center of gravity of the detection tube, the two tension sensors are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gravity sensor, and the tension sensors are coaxially distributed between the detection tubes, the number of auxiliary sensor groups is consistent with the number of detection tubes, and an auxiliary sensor group is arranged on the outer side of each detection tube, and the tension sensors in the detection tubes are connected by traction lines between two adjacent detection tubes in the detection tubes.

[0007] Furthermore, the bearing support plate includes a base plate, an expansion plate, an elastic hinge, an inclination sensor and an elastic pad, wherein the base plate is a rectangular grating plate structure, the expansion plates are all isosceles trapezoidal grating plate structures, the base plate surface is distributed parallel to the top of the tunnel, the base plate is connected to the top of the tunnel by at least four anchor rods, the lower end surface of the base plate and the upper end surface of the guide arm are hinged by an elastic hinge, there are several expansion plates, each expansion plate is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the base plate, and forms a fishbone plate structure with the base plate, at least one elastic pad is provided on the upper end surface of the expansion plate, and it is against the top of the tunnel through the elastic pad, and at the same time, an inclination sensor is provided on the upper end surface of each expansion plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the guide arms connected to the substrate are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the substrate, and two guide arms symmetrically distributed on the center line of the substrate constitute a connection group, and the substrate is connected to the detection tube through at least one connection group; and when there are two or more connection groups, each connection group is distributed along the center line direction of the substrate.

[0009] Furthermore, the detection tube includes a load-bearing tube, a slider, a hook, a connecting spring, a clamp, and a hinge mechanism, wherein the load-bearing tube is a hollow tubular structure with a rectangular axial cross-section, and at least two clamps evenly distributed along its axial direction are arranged on the outer side surface of the load-bearing tube, the clamp is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube, and a hinge mechanism is arranged on the left and right sides of the clamp, the clamp is hinged to the guide arm through the hinge mechanism, the tension sensor and the gravity sensor are both located in the load-bearing tube and distributed along the axial direction of the load-bearing tube, there are two sliders, the two sliders are respectively embedded in the two ends of the load-bearing tube, are coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube, and are slidably connected with the inner side surface of the load-bearing tube, the rear end surface of the slider is connected to the tension sensor through the connecting spring and is coaxially distributed, the front end surface of the slider is connected to a hook coaxially distributed with it, and the slider is connected to the traction line through the hook.

[0010] Furthermore, a detection port is provided on the wall of the load-bearing tube, and the detection ports are respectively distributed corresponding to the positions of the tension sensor and the gravity sensor, and a protective cover is provided at the detection port. At the same time, a mounting frame is provided in the load-bearing tube, and the mounting frame is a grid plate structure with a rectangular cross-section. The mounting frame is connected to the inner side surface of the load-bearing tube through a slide groove, and is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube. At the same time, the tension sensor and the gravity sensor are respectively connected to the load-bearing tube through the mounting frame.

[0011] Furthermore, the auxiliary sensor group includes a carrying sleeve, an air quality sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the carrying sleeve is a closed annular cavity structure, which is wrapped around the outside of the detection tube and coaxially distributed with the detection tube, and the air quality sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are both embedded in the carrying sleeve and connected to the inner side of the carrying sleeve.

[0012] The utility model has a simple structure, a high degree of integration and modularization, and can effectively meet the needs of supporting the use of various tunnel structures. During operation, on the one hand, it can effectively and accurately detect the displacement deformation of the tunnel top in the horizontal and vertical directions, so as to timely discover the safety hazards existing in the tunnel top; on the other hand, during operation, it can realize auxiliary enhanced load-bearing protection for the tunnel top structure to prevent safety hazards to the tunnel caused by falling rocks from the tunnel top. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The utility model is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments;

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the connection relationship between the bearing support plate and the detection tube from the side view;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the load-bearing pallet viewed from above;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cross-section of the detection tube;

[0018] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the local structure of the auxiliary sensor group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to construct, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0020] like Figure 1-5 As shown, a comprehensive measurement device for displacement deformation of a tunnel top comprises a bearing support plate 1, a guide arm 2, a tension sensor 3, a gravity sensor 4, an auxiliary sensor group 5, and a detection tube 7. The bearing support plate 1 is a plate-like structure with a rectangular cross section, and its plate surface is parallel to the tunnel top. The upper end surface of the bearing support plate 1 is connected to the tunnel top through at least four anchor rods 8. At the same time, there are a plurality of bearing support plates 1, and each bearing support plate 1 is evenly distributed along the axial direction of the tunnel. The spacing between two adjacent bearing support plates 1 is not less than 30 cm. At the same time, the lower end surface of each bearing support plate 1 is hinged to at least two guide arms 2, and the lower end surface of the bearing support plate 1 is connected to the detection tube 7 through the guide arm 2. The detection tube 7 is a rectangular cross section in the axial direction. The hollow columnar structure has an axis of the detection tube 7 parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axis of the detection tube 7 and the center line of the load-bearing pallet 1 are located in the same plane perpendicular to the lower end surface of the load-bearing pallet 1. A gravity sensor 4 and two tension sensors 3 are arranged in the detection tube 7, wherein the gravity sensor 4 is located at the center of gravity of the detection tube 7, the two tension sensors 3 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gravity sensor 4, and the tension sensors 3 are coaxially distributed with the detection tube 7, the number of auxiliary sensor groups 5 is consistent with the number of detection tubes 7, and an auxiliary sensor group 5 is arranged on the outer side of each detection tube 7, and the tension sensors 3 in the detection tubes 7 are connected by a traction line 9 between two adjacent detection tubes 7 in the detection tubes 7.

[0021] In this embodiment, a driving circuit 6 is further provided on the lower end surface of the carrying pallet 1, and the driving circuit 6 is electrically connected to each group of the tension sensor 3, the gravity sensor 4, and the auxiliary sensor 5 respectively.

[0022] Further optimized, the driving circuit is a circuit system based on any one of a DSP chip and an FPGA chip.

[0023] In this embodiment, the bearing support plate 1 includes a base plate 11, an expansion plate 12, an elastic hinge 13, an inclination sensor 14 and an elastic pad 15, wherein the base plate 11 is a rectangular grid plate structure, and the expansion plates 12 are all isosceles trapezoidal grid plate structures. The plate surface of the base plate 11 is parallel to the top of the tunnel, and the base plate 11 is connected to the top of the tunnel through at least four anchor rods 8. The lower end surface of the base plate 11 is hinged to the upper end surface of the guide arm 2 through an elastic hinge 13. There are several expansion plates 12, and each expansion plate 12 is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the base plate 11, and forms a fishbone plate structure with the base plate 11. At least one elastic pad 15 is provided on the upper end surface of the expansion plate 12, and it is against the top of the tunnel through the elastic pad 15. At the same time, a inclination sensor 14 is provided on the upper end surface of each expansion plate 12, and the inclination sensor 14 is electrically connected to the drive circuit 6.

[0024] The expansion plate set at the same time can effectively increase the supporting and protection area of ​​the bearing plate on the top of the tunnel, thereby effectively increasing the reliability of the support operation on the top of the tunnel and further increasing the protection against falling rocks on the top of the tunnel; on the other hand, the inclination sensor set on the expansion plate can further realize the detection of the deformation amount of the rock formation on the top of the tunnel when it is deformed.

[0025] Among them, the guide arms 2 connected to the substrate 11 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the center line of the substrate 11, and the two guide arms 2 symmetrically distributed on the center line of a substrate 11 constitute a connection group, and the substrate 11 is connected to the detection tube 7 through at least one connection group; and when there are two or more connection groups, each connection group is distributed along the center line direction of the substrate 11.

[0026] In particular, the detection tube 7 includes a supporting tube 71, a slider 72, a hook 73, a connecting spring 74, a hoop 75, and a hinge mechanism 76, wherein the supporting tube 71 is a hollow tubular structure with a rectangular axial cross section, and the outer side of the supporting tube 71 is provided with at least two hoops 75 evenly distributed along its axial direction, the hoop 75 is coaxially distributed with the supporting tube 71, and a hinge mechanism 76 is provided on the left and right sides of the hoop 75, and the hoop 75 is hinged to the guide arm 2 through the hinge mechanism 76, and the pull The force sensor 3 and the gravity sensor 4 are both located inside the supporting tube 71 and distributed along the axis direction of the supporting tube 71. There are two sliders 72, which are respectively embedded at both ends of the supporting tube 71, coaxially distributed with the supporting tube 71 and slidably connected with the inner side surface of the supporting tube 71. The rear end face of the slider 72 is connected to the tension sensor 3 through a connecting spring 74 and is coaxially distributed. The front end face of the slider 72 is connected to a hook 73 coaxially distributed with it, and the slider 72 is connected to the traction line 9 through the hook 73.

[0027] In addition, a detection port 77 is provided on the wall of the supporting tube 71, and the detection port 77 is respectively distributed corresponding to the positions of the tension sensor 3 and the gravity sensor 4, and a protective cover 78 is provided at the detection port 77. At the same time, a mounting frame 79 is provided in the supporting tube 71, and the mounting frame 79 is a grid plate structure with a rectangular cross section. The mounting frame 79 is connected to the inner side surface of the supporting tube 71 through a slide groove, and is coaxially distributed with the supporting tube 71. At the same time, the tension sensor and the gravity sensor 4 are respectively connected to the supporting tube 71 through the mounting frame 79.

[0028] In this embodiment, the auxiliary sensor group 5 includes a carrying sleeve 51, an air quality sensor 52, and a temperature and humidity sensor 53, wherein the carrying sleeve 51 is a closed annular cavity structure, which is covered on the outside of the detection tube 7 and coaxially distributed with the detection tube 7. The air quality sensor 52 and the temperature and humidity sensor 53 are both embedded in the carrying sleeve 51 and connected to the inner side of the carrying sleeve 51. At the same time, the air quality sensor 52 and the temperature and humidity sensor 53 are both electrically connected to the driving circuit 6 through wires. At the same time, a number of air holes 54 are evenly distributed on the carrying sleeves 51 corresponding to the air quality sensors 52 and the temperature and humidity sensors 53.

[0029] In the specific implementation of the present invention, firstly, the structure of the bearing pallet is set according to the top structure of the tunnel, and each bearing pallet is connected to the top of the tunnel, then the bearing pallet is connected to the guide arm, and connected to the detection tube equipped with the tension sensor, gravity sensor and auxiliary sensor group through the guide arm, and the position of the detection tube is adjusted, and finally each driving circuit is electrically connected to each tension sensor, gravity sensor and auxiliary sensor group respectively, and the driving circuit is connected to the external power supply system and data acquisition system, and the detection values ​​of the tension sensor, gravity sensor and auxiliary sensor group are detected and filed, so as to complete the equipment assembly.

[0030] When the rock formation at the top of the tunnel is deformed, the bearing support plate connected to it is displaced and deformed along with the rock formation, causing the displaced bearing support plate to transfer the deformation to the detection tube through the guide arm, so that the detection tube is displaced synchronously. During the displacement of the detection tube, on the one hand, the direction and displacement are detected by the gravity sensor in the detection tube; on the other hand, when the detection tube is displaced, the relative position between the detection tube and the adjacent displacement tube changes, so that the force state caused by the displacement of the detection tube is transmitted to the tension sensor through the traction line, and the position state between adjacent detection tubes is indirectly detected through the change of tension value detected by the tension sensor. At the same time, the displacement between two adjacent detection tubes can be indirectly detected through the change of tension value, and the greater the increase of tension value, the greater the displacement between the detection tubes, thereby indirectly proving that the displacement of the top of the tunnel is also greater. At the same time, combined with the value detected by the gravity sensor, the displacement direction of the tunnel top wall is determined.

[0031] At the same time, the auxiliary sensor group is used to detect the air quality environment in the tunnel, so as to realize timely detection of harmful gas environment in the tunnel.

[0032] In addition, during operation, the load-bearing pallet can be set up to carry and protect the fallen gravel when rocks fall from the top of the tunnel due to displacement, thereby improving the safety of passage in the tunnel.

[0033] The utility model has a simple structure, a high degree of integration and modularization, and can effectively meet the needs of supporting the use of various tunnel structures. During operation, on the one hand, it can effectively and accurately detect the displacement deformation of the tunnel top in the horizontal and vertical directions, so as to timely discover the safety hazards existing in the tunnel top; on the other hand, during operation, it can realize auxiliary enhanced load-bearing protection for the tunnel top structure to prevent safety hazards to the tunnel caused by falling rocks from the tunnel top.

[0034] The above shows and describes the basic principle and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the utility model to be protected. The scope of protection claimed by the utility model is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A comprehensive measurement device for displacement deformation of tunnel top, characterized by: The comprehensive measuring device for the displacement deformation of the tunnel top includes a bearing support plate, a guide arm, a tension sensor, a gravity sensor, an auxiliary sensor group and a detection tube. The bearing support plate is a plate-like structure with a rectangular cross section, and its plate surface is parallel to the tunnel top. The bearing support plate is connected to the tunnel top through at least four anchor rods. At the same time, there are a number of bearing support plates, each of which is evenly distributed along the axis of the tunnel, and the spacing between two adjacent bearing support plates is not less than 30 cm. At the same time, the lower end surface of each bearing support plate is hinged to at least two guide arms, and the lower end surface of the bearing support plate is connected to the detection tube through the guide arm. The detection tube is a rectangular axial section. A hollow cylindrical structure, wherein the axis of the detection tube is parallel to the horizontal plane, and the axis of the detection tube and the center line of the load-bearing pallet are located in the same plane perpendicular to the lower end surface of the load-bearing pallet. A gravity sensor and two tension sensors are arranged in the detection tube, wherein the gravity sensor is located at the center of gravity of the detection tube, the two tension sensors are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the gravity sensor, and the tension sensors are coaxially distributed with the detection tube, the number of the auxiliary sensor groups is consistent with the number of the detection tubes, and an auxiliary sensor group is arranged on the outer side of each detection tube, and the tension sensors in the detection tubes are connected by traction lines between two adjacent detection tubes in the detection tubes.

2. A tunnel top displacement deformation comprehensive measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing support plate includes a base plate, an expansion plate, an elastic hinge, an inclination sensor and an elastic pad, wherein the base plate is a rectangular grating plate structure, and the expansion plates are all isosceles trapezoidal grating plate structures. The base plate surface is distributed parallel to the top of the tunnel, and the base plate is connected to the top of the tunnel through at least four anchor rods. The lower end surface of the base plate and the upper end surface of the guide arm are hinged through an elastic hinge. There are several expansion plates, and each expansion plate is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the base plate, and forms a fishbone plate structure with the base plate. At least one elastic pad is provided on the upper end surface of the expansion plate, and it is against the top of the tunnel through the elastic pad. At the same time, an inclination sensor is provided on the upper end surface of each expansion plate.

3. A tunnel top displacement deformation comprehensive measurement device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide arms connected to the substrate are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the substrate centerline, and two guide arms symmetrically distributed on the substrate centerline constitute a connection group, and the substrate is connected to the detection tube through at least one connection group; and when there are two or more connection groups, each connection group is distributed along the centerline direction of the substrate.

4. The device for measuring the displacement and deformation of a tunnel top according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection tube includes a load-bearing tube, a slider, a hook, a connecting spring, a clamp, and a hinge mechanism, wherein the load-bearing tube is a hollow tubular structure with a rectangular axial cross-section, and at least two clamps evenly distributed along its axial direction are arranged on the outer side of the load-bearing tube, the clamp is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube, and a hinge mechanism is arranged on the left and right sides of the clamp, and the clamp is hinged to the guide arm through the hinge mechanism, the tension sensor and the gravity sensor are both located in the load-bearing tube and distributed along the axial direction of the load-bearing tube, there are two sliders in total, and the two sliders are respectively embedded in the two ends of the load-bearing tube, are coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube, and are slidably connected with the inner side of the load-bearing tube, the rear end face of the slider is connected to the tension sensor through the connecting spring and is coaxially distributed, the front end face of the slider is connected to a hook coaxially distributed with it, and the slider is connected to the traction line through the hook.

5. The device for measuring the displacement and deformation of a tunnel top according to claim 4, characterized in that: A detection port is arranged on the wall of the load-bearing tube, and the detection ports are respectively distributed corresponding to the positions of the tension sensor and the gravity sensor, and a protective cover is arranged at the detection port. At the same time, a mounting frame is arranged in the load-bearing tube, and the mounting frame is a grid plate structure with a rectangular cross section. The mounting frame is connected to the inner side surface of the load-bearing tube through a slide groove, and is coaxially distributed with the load-bearing tube. At the same time, the tension sensor and the gravity sensor are respectively connected to the load-bearing tube through the mounting frame.

6. The device for measuring the displacement and deformation of a tunnel top according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary sensor group includes a carrying sleeve, an air quality sensor, and a temperature and humidity sensor, wherein the carrying sleeve is a closed annular cavity structure, which is wrapped around the outside of the detection tube and coaxially distributed with the detection tube. The air quality sensor and the temperature and humidity sensor are both embedded in the carrying sleeve and connected to the inner side of the carrying sleeve.

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