V2X antenna structure, V2X antenna box and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of automotive electronics, in particular to a V2X antenna structure, a V2X antenna box and a vehicle, the two sides of a radiation antenna are respectively provided with a guider and a reflector, the antenna gain in the horizontal direction is greatly improved, and the problems of insufficient radiation gain, split lobes of a directional diagram, great environmental influence on the directional diagram, poor radiation gain and the like when the V2X antenna is placed in the vehicle are solved. And meanwhile, the size of the antenna is reduced, so that the product has higher consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of automotive electronics, and in particular to a V2X antenna structure, a V2X antenna box and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of autonomous driving technology and mobile communication technology, especially the advent of 5G communication and vehicle networking technology, the requirements for wireless communication functions in the vehicle field are getting higher and higher. For V2X antennas, car manufacturers require them to have good performance, low cost, and small size. At present, most vehicle-mounted V2X use array form, which will make the antenna size too high and too large. The gain of ordinary PCB-based V2X antennas is not high enough and is greatly affected by the environment, making it difficult to meet the performance requirements of longer communication distance and communication accuracy. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a V2X antenna structure, a V2X antenna box and a vehicle, which solves the technical problems that the gain of ordinary PCB-based V2X antennas is not high enough, is greatly affected by the environment, and is difficult to meet the performance requirements of longer communication distances and communication accuracy.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0005] A V2X antenna structure comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate is provided with a director, a radiating antenna, and a reflector in sequence, and the director, the radiating antenna, and the reflector are arranged at intervals;

[0006] A feeding terminal, a first grounding terminal and a second grounding terminal are also provided on one end surface of the substrate; the feeding terminal is connected to the radiated antenna, the first grounding terminal is connected to the guide, and the second grounding terminal is connected to the reflector.

[0007] In some embodiments, the length of the guide is L1, the length of the radiating antenna is L2, the length of the reflector is L3, and the length relationship between the guide, the radiating antenna, and the reflector is: L1 <L2<L3。

[0008] In some embodiments, the distance from the director to the radiating antenna is smaller than the distance from the radiating antenna to the reflector.

[0009] In some embodiments, the radiating antenna is a V2X antenna.

[0010] In addition, the utility model also provides a V2X antenna box, including a box body, a PCB board, a connector, and the above-mentioned V2X antenna structure, the PCB board is tilted and fixed in the box body, the V2X antenna structure is connected to the PCB board, one end of the connector is connected to the PCB board and the other end is connected to the vehicle controller through a wiring harness.

[0011] In some embodiments, the box body is provided with a plastic bottom plate, the plastic bottom plate is provided with a mounting column, and the PCB board is obliquely mounted on the plastic bottom plate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the angle between the PCB board and the plastic base plate is 5°-20°.

[0013] In some embodiments, the PCB board is provided with a feeding jack, a first grounding jack, and a second grounding jack, the V2X antenna structure is plugged into the feeding jack, the first grounding jack, and the second grounding jack, and the feeding end and the feeding jack, the first grounding end and the first grounding jack, and the second grounding end and the second grounding jack are fixed by welding.

[0014] In addition, the utility model also provides a vehicle, including a vehicle body, and at least one of the above-mentioned V2X antenna boxes, wherein the V2X antenna box is arranged at any one or more locations on the roof or under the roof of the vehicle body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the roof is provided with a first installation position, a second installation position, and a third installation position in sequence from front to back, and the two V2X antenna boxes are respectively arranged at any two positions among the first installation position, the second installation position, and the third installation position, and the two V2X antenna boxes are installed in opposite directions.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the V2X antenna structure, V2X antenna box and vehicle of the utility model are as follows: the utility model greatly improves the antenna gain in the horizontal direction by respectively arranging the director and the reflector on both sides of the radiating antenna, solves the problems of insufficient radiation gain of the V2X antenna placed in the vehicle, cracks in the radiation pattern, the radiation pattern being greatly affected by the environment, and the inability to realize the communication function, and at the same time reduces the size of the antenna, making the product more consistent.

[0017] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the utility model. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the embodiment of the utility model, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the utility model are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the V2X antenna structure of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a V2X antenna box according to Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

[0020] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional diagram of the internal structure of the V2X antenna box of Example 2 of the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a side view of the internal structure of the V2X antenna box of Example 2 of the utility model;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a vehicle according to Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

[0023] Figure 6 The antenna performance of the third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 7 The antenna performance of the third embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 .

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 100, V2X antenna structure, 101, substrate, 102, radiating antenna, 103, director, 104, reflector, 105, feeding terminal, 106, first ground terminal, 107, second ground terminal;

[0027] 200, box body, 201, plastic bottom plate;

[0028] 300, connector;

[0029] 400, PCB board;

[0030] 500, vehicle body, 501, first installation position, 502, second installation position, 503, third installation position. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, and the detailed description in the specific implementation method should be understood as an explanation of the purpose of the present invention and should not be regarded as an improper limitation on the present invention.

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the specific technical solution of the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiment of the utility model. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the utility model, but are not used to limit the scope of the utility model.

[0033] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0034] In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0035] In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0036] In the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element.

[0037] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0038] Embodiment 1:

[0039] Figure 1The first embodiment of a V2X antenna structure 100 of the utility model is shown, including a substrate 101, on which a guide 103, a radiating antenna 102, and a reflector 104 are sequentially arranged, and the guide 103, the radiating antenna 102, and the reflector 104 are arranged at intervals; a feeding terminal 105, a first grounding terminal 106, and a second grounding terminal 107 are also arranged on one end surface of the substrate 101; the feeding terminal 105 is connected to the radiating antenna 102, the first grounding terminal 106 is connected to the guide 103, and the second connecting terminal is connected to the reflector 104. In this embodiment, the radiating antenna 102 is connected to the feeding terminal 105, and is used to obtain the feeder signal transmitted from the vehicle controller, and radiates through the radiating antenna 102. The guide 103 is connected to the first grounding terminal 106, and the guide 103 is arranged in front of the radiating antenna 102, and is used to guide and strengthen the signal, which plays a key role in improving the gain and directivity of the antenna. The reflector 104 is connected to the second ground terminal 107, and the reflector 104 is located behind the radiating antenna 102. The function of the reflector 104 is to reflect the signal from the radiating antenna 102 to enhance the directivity and gain of the antenna. The utility model greatly improves the antenna gain in the horizontal direction by arranging the director 103 and the reflector 104 on both sides of the radiating antenna 102, solves the problem that the radiation gain of the V2X antenna placed in the car is insufficient, the directional pattern has cracks, the directional pattern is greatly affected by the environment, and the communication function cannot be realized. At the same time, the size of the antenna is reduced, so that the product has higher consistency.

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the length of the director 103 is L1, the length of the radiating antenna 102 is L2, and the length of the reflector 104 is L3. The length relationship among the director 103, the radiating antenna 102, and the reflector 104 is: L1 < L2 < L3. The length of the director 103 is the length from the first grounding end 106 to the other end of the director 103. The radiating antenna 102 is the length from the feeding end 105 to the other end of the radiating antenna 102, and the reflector 104 is the length from the second grounding end 107 to the other end of the reflector 104. In this embodiment, the lengths of the reflector 104, the radiating antenna 102, and the director 103 gradually decrease, so that the antenna radiation direction is along the direction of the director 103. The distance from the director 103 to the radiating antenna 102 is less than the distance from the radiating antenna 102 to the reflector 104. The substrate 101 can be a plate with a length of 22 mm, a width of 11.3 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm. Among them, the feeding end 105, the first grounding end 106, and the second grounding end 107 protrude from one side of the substrate 101. The reflector 104 and the director 103 are respectively arranged along two edges of the substrate 101, and the radiating antenna 102 is arranged in the middle of the substrate 101. The reflector 104, the radiating antenna 102, and the director 103 can be printed and manufactured on the substrate 101 with a kind of metal. The radiating antenna 102 is a V2X antenna. The V2X antenna is an antenna that can communicate between vehicle and vehicle, vehicle and base station, and base station and base station. Thus, a series of traffic information such as real-time road conditions, road information, and pedestrian information can be obtained, thereby improving driving safety, reducing congestion, improving traffic efficiency, and providing in-vehicle entertainment information, etc.

[0041] Embodiment 2,

[0042] Figure 2-4An embodiment of a V2X antenna box of the utility model is shown, comprising a box body 200, a PCB board 400, a connector 300, and the above-mentioned V2X antenna structure 100, the PCB board 400 is fixed obliquely in the box body 200, the V2X antenna structure 100 is connected to the PCB board 400, one end of the connector 300 is connected to the PCB board 400 and the other end is used to connect to the vehicle controller through a wiring harness. The box body 200 is provided with a plastic bottom plate 201, the plastic bottom plate 201 is provided with a mounting column, and the PCB board 400 is obliquely mounted on the plastic bottom plate 201. The angle a between the PCB board 400 and the plastic bottom plate 201 is 5°-20°, and the preferred angle a between the PCB board 400 and the plastic bottom plate 201 is 10°. The PCB board 400 is provided with a feed jack, a first ground jack, and a second ground jack, and the V2X antenna structure 100 is plugged into the feed jack, the first ground jack, and the second ground jack, and the feed end 105 and the feed jack, the first ground end 106 and the first ground jack, and the second ground end 107 and the second ground jack are fixed by welding. The connector 300 can be a Fakra connector or other connectors. The Fakra connector is a high-speed transmission coaxial connector used inside the car to transmit the data of the in-car antenna and camera, etc.

[0043] In a specific embodiment, the V2X antenna box has a simple structure. A V2X antenna structure, a Fakra connector 300, and an inclined PCB board 400 can be set in the box body 200. The angle between the PCB board 400 and the bottom shell is about 10°. In this design, the PCB board 400 and the roof form two large reflectors, which mostly reflect the electromagnetic waves radiated by the V2X toward the top and bottom to the horizontal plane, greatly improving the gain in the horizontal direction. At the same time, the V2X antenna is welded on the substrate 101 in the form of a PCB antenna, which has high reliability and low cost. When the V2X antenna is separated from the vehicle-mounted communication box, it is directly connected through the Fakra connector 300. When the V2X antenna is built-in, since the antenna and the PCB board 400 it carries are very small in size, they can be directly integrated into the main board of the communication box, saving wiring harnesses and reducing antenna line losses.

[0044] The main advantage of this patent is that it is smaller than the traditional array V2X antenna. A small guide 103 is added in front of the radiating antenna 102, a reflector 104 is added at the rear, and the PCB board 400 is tilted 10° to form two large reflectors with the roof, which greatly improves the horizontal gain. The traditional solution uses an array antenna to design the V2X antenna. The antenna itself needs to be large, especially the height requirement of the antenna is high. The antenna size of this solution is small, which is more conducive to integration in various positions of the vehicle body and meets the miniaturization design. Not only does it greatly improve the antenna gain in the horizontal direction; it also successfully solves the problem of pattern deterioration caused by the structure. The V2X antenna structure, V2X antenna box and vehicle of the utility model have the following effects: the utility model greatly improves the antenna gain in the horizontal direction by arranging guides and reflectors on both sides of the radiating antenna, solves the problem that the V2X antenna is placed in the car with insufficient radiation gain, cracked lobes in the pattern, and the pattern is greatly affected by the environment, and the communication function cannot be realized. At the same time, the size of the antenna is reduced, so that the product has higher consistency.

[0045] Embodiment 3,

[0046] Figure 5 An embodiment of a vehicle of the utility model is shown, comprising a vehicle body 500, and at least one V2X antenna box as described in the above embodiment 2, the V2X antenna box being arranged at any one or more locations on the roof or below the roof of the vehicle body 500. The roof is provided with a first installation position 501, a second installation position 502, and a third installation position 503 in sequence from front to back, and two V2X antenna boxes are respectively arranged at any two locations among the first installation position 501, the second installation position 502, and the third installation position 503, and the two V2X antenna boxes are installed in opposite directions. In a specific embodiment, by Figure 5 It can be seen that the V2X antenna structure 100 is installed inside the V2X antenna box. The box is arranged under the roof cover and can be close to the roof. The specific arrangement can be flexibly adjusted. In order to facilitate the entire V2X antenna to radiate toward the rear of the car, the V2X antenna needs to face the rear. Similarly, the V2X antenna radiating forward needs to face the front. If the car has a spoiler, the V2X antenna box can also be placed under the spoiler. See Figure 6-7Reflects the performance of the antenna. It can be clearly seen that the VSWR of the antenna is less than 2, the efficiency is higher than 60%, and the gain of the V2X antenna in the direction of -90 to 90° is greater than -1dBi, the gain from -60 to 60° is about 3dBi, and even the gain near 0° is as high as 9dBi. Since our simulated structure has the appearance of the whole vehicle, this leads to many burrs in the gain curve, but this result is closer to the actual measured result of the whole vehicle. The V2X antenna directional pattern of this solution is full, and it also has a large enough gain in the radiation direction to meet the realization of the communication function. With the increase of the antenna gain, the V2X can communicate farther and more stably. The V2X antenna structure, V2X antenna box and vehicle of the utility model have the following effects: The utility model greatly improves the antenna gain in the horizontal direction by arranging guides and reflectors on both sides of the radiating antenna, solves the problem that the radiation gain of the V2X antenna placed in the car is insufficient, the directional pattern has cracks, the directional pattern is greatly affected by the environment, and the communication function cannot be realized. At the same time, the size of the antenna is reduced, so that the product has higher consistency.

[0047] The serial numbers of the embodiments of the utility model are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The above are only preferred embodiments of the utility model, and do not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent device or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the utility model specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A V2X antenna structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate (101), wherein the substrate (101) is provided with a guide (103), a radiation antenna (102), and a reflector (104) in sequence, and the guide (103), the radiation antenna (102), and the reflector (104) are arranged at intervals; One end surface of the substrate (101) is also provided with a feeding end (105), a first grounding end (106), and a second grounding end (107); the feeding end (105) is connected to the radiating antenna (102), the first grounding end (106) is connected to the guide (103), and the second grounding end (107) is connected to the reflector (104).

2. A V2X antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the guide (103) is L1, the length of the radiating antenna (102) is L2, and the length of the reflector (104) is L3. The length relationship between the guide (103), the radiating antenna (102), and the reflector (104) is: L1 <L2<L3。 3. A V2X antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance from the director (103) to the radiating antenna (102) is smaller than the distance from the radiating antenna (102) to the reflector (104).

4. The V2X antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiating antenna (102) is a V2X antenna.

5. A V2X antenna box, characterized in that: The invention comprises a box body (200), a PCB board (400), a connector (300), and a V2X antenna structure (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the PCB board (400) is fixed obliquely in the box body (200), the V2X antenna structure (100) is connected to the PCB board (400), and one end of the connector (300) is connected to the PCB board (400) and the other end is used to be connected to a vehicle controller through a wiring harness.

6. A V2X antenna box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The box body (200) is provided with a plastic bottom plate (201), the plastic bottom plate (201) is provided with a mounting column, and the PCB board (400) is obliquely mounted on the plastic bottom plate (201).

7. A V2X antenna box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle between the PCB board (400) and the plastic bottom board (201) is 5°-20°.

8. The V2X antenna box according to claim 6, characterized in that: The PCB board (400) is provided with a feeding jack, a first grounding jack, and a second grounding jack, the V2X antenna structure (100) is plugged into the feeding jack, the first grounding jack, and the second grounding jack, and the feeding end (105) and the feeding jack, the first grounding end (106) and the first grounding jack, and the second grounding end (107) and the second grounding jack are fixed by welding.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises a vehicle body (500), and at least one V2X antenna box according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the V2X antenna box is arranged at any one or more places on the roof or below the roof of the vehicle body (500).

10. A vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The roof of the vehicle body (500) is provided with a first installation position (501), a second installation position (502), and a third installation position (503) in sequence from front to back, and the two V2X antenna boxes are respectively arranged at any two positions among the first installation position (501), the second installation position (502), and the third installation position (503), and the two V2X antenna boxes are installed in opposite directions.

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