Individual-soldier moped double-switch reluctance motor controller

Abstract

The utility model provides a double-switch reluctance motor controller for an individual moped, which is used for controlling the rotating speed of left and right wheels of the moped and adjusting the direction of the moped, and comprises a power supply management unit, an MCU (Microprogrammed Control Unit), an isolation driving unit, an acquisition unit, a power control unit and an isolation digital communication unit, the power supply management unit is responsible for providing secondary power supply and power supply for each unit; the MCU unit collects three-phase circuits of all motors, battery voltage and position signals of all the motors, meanwhile, accelerator and vehicle steering signals are received through the isolation digital communication unit to calculate motor rotating speed PWM control signals, and the PWM control signals drive the power control unit to adjust the rotating speed of the motors after being isolated and amplified through the isolation driving unit. Wherein the vehicle steering signal is realized according to the rotating speed difference of left and right wheel motors. Through the integrated design, the rotating speed of the two motors can be controlled at the same time, and the product space and cost are effectively saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to a motor controller, in particular to a double-switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle. Background Art

[0002] The switched reluctance motor has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, large starting torque and low starting current, which has gradually attracted widespread attention. Based on the low cost and high torque of the switched reluctance motor, a certain single-soldier power-assisted vehicle uses a switched reluctance motor as the drive motor for the left and right wheels. During use, the speed of the power-assisted vehicle is controlled by adjusting the speed of the switched reluctance motor, and the steering of the power-assisted vehicle is controlled by adjusting the speed difference between the left and right motors. In order to effectively reduce the weight of the power-assisted vehicle and increase the load space, the switched reluctance motor controller provided by the utility model can control the speed of the two motors at the same time through an integrated design, and can adjust the speed of the left and right wheel motors according to the vehicle steering command, effectively saving product space and cost. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides a dual-switched reluctance motor controller for an individual power-assisted vehicle, which is used for controlling the switched reluctance motor of the power-assisted vehicle.

[0004] A dual-switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle is used for speed control of two motors of left and right wheels and vehicle direction adjustment, characterized in that the motor controller comprises a power supply management unit, an MCU unit, an isolation drive unit, a collection unit, a power control unit, and an isolation digital communication unit; the power supply management unit provides the MCU unit, the isolation drive unit, the collection unit, the power control unit, and the isolation digital communication unit with their respective power supplies; the MCU unit collects the three-phase current, battery voltage, and motor position signals of the two motors through the collection unit, and receives the throttle speed and vehicle steering signal through the isolation digital communication unit, and calculates the PWM control signal corresponding to each motor, and the PWM control signal is transmitted to the power control unit after isolation and signal amplification by the isolation drive unit, thereby adjusting the motor speed signal; the collection unit is mainly used to collect the three-phase current signal and battery voltage of each motor; the power control unit controls the conduction of the MOS tube according to the isolated PWM signal, thereby realizing the adjustment of the motor speed.

[0005] Preferably, the power supply management unit also includes a secondary power supply circuit and a distribution circuit, the secondary power supply circuit is used to generate a variety of DC voltage sources required by the MCU unit, the isolation drive unit, the acquisition unit, and the isolated digital communication unit, and the distribution circuit is used to realize the up and down power control of the power supply of the two switched reluctance motors.

[0006] Preferably, the MCU unit obtains the throttle and steering signals of the power-assisted vehicle through the isolated digital communication unit, and calculates the PWM control signal of each motor according to the current signal and motor speed signal collected by the acquisition unit, thereby realizing the speed and direction adjustment of the power-assisted vehicle, wherein the vehicle direction adjustment is adjusted by the speed difference between the two motors of the left and right wheels.

[0007] Preferably, the isolation driving unit includes multiple identical isolation driving circuits for isolating and amplifying the PWM signal generated by the MCU unit.

[0008] Preferably, the acquisition unit further comprises a current acquisition circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit and a motor position signal acquisition circuit, and the position feedback sensor used by the motor position signal acquisition circuit is a Hall sensor. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a structural block diagram of the utility model;

[0010] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the power supply management unit of the utility model;

[0011] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the MCU unit of the utility model;

[0012] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation drive unit of the utility model;

[0013] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the motor position signal acquisition principle of the acquisition unit of the utility model;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a current collection principle diagram of the collection unit of the utility model;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a voltage collection principle diagram of the collection unit of the utility model;

[0016] Figure 8 This is a power control principle diagram of the utility model;

[0017] Fig. 9 This is a schematic diagram of the isolated digital communication unit of the utility model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the implementation objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] See Figure 1A dual-switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle includes a power supply management unit 1, an MCU unit 2, an isolation drive unit 3, a collection unit 4, a power control unit 5, and an isolation digital communication unit 6.

[0020] Figure 1 The power supply management unit 1 in the embodiment provides the DC power required by the MCU unit 2, the isolation drive unit 3, the acquisition unit 4, the power control unit 5, and the isolation digital communication unit 6; in the schematic diagram of this embodiment, there are 6 circuits Figure 4 , 2 road Figure 5 , 6 road Figure 6 , 2 road Figure 8 , 2 road Fig. 9 The schematic diagram described.

[0021] Figure 2 The specific structure diagram of the power supply management unit 1 is described. The power input of the power supply management unit 1 is a lithium battery. The lithium battery generates a 15V secondary power supply after voltage reduction. The 15V power supply is then used to power the MCU unit 2, the isolated digital communication unit 6, and the acquisition unit 4 through a 5V isolated power supply. At the same time, the 15V power supply also directly powers the isolated drive unit 3. Figure 2 The power distribution circuit in the power-assisted vehicle is composed of MOS tubes, and the conduction of the MOS is controlled by the MCU unit 2, thereby realizing the power-on and power-off operations of the two wheel motors of the power-assisted vehicle, that is, the power distribution circuit supplies power to the power control circuit 5.

[0022] See Figure 3 The core component of the MCU unit 2 is the MCU chip. In this embodiment, 12 PWM pins, 2 serial ports, 7 AD sampling channels, and 12 IO port pins of the MCU chip are used; the PWM pins are used to drive Figure 8 The MOS tube of the power control unit 5 is turned on. The power control unit 5 of each switched reluctance motor receives 6 PWM signals, which are amplified and isolated by the isolation drive unit 3 and then transmitted to the power control unit 5. Fig. 9 The isolated digital communication unit 6 shown is used for digital communication with the outside world; the AD pin is connected through 6 channels Figure 6 The current acquisition circuit shown in the figure respectively acquires the three-phase current of the two switched reluctance motors. Figure 7 The voltage acquisition circuit shown collects the voltage signal of the lithium battery; the IO port is used to realize the power-on and power-off operation of the power distribution circuit in the power supply management unit 1 and Figure 5 Reading of the motor Hall position signal; the storage circuit is used to store and read the MCU unit system parameters.

[0023] In this embodiment, a total of 6 channels are used. Figure 4 The isolation drive circuit, U7 is an H-bridge drive chip, which can receive two PWM signals and control Figure 8 The power control circuit turns on and off any upper and lower bridge MOS tubes (such as Q1 and Q4); U6 and U8 are high-speed optocoupler isolation devices, used for isolation and power amplification of PWM signals; Figure 5 PWM_OUT1 and PWM_OUT2 pin connections Figure 3 PWM pins, pins UH and UL are connected Figure 8 The gates of Q1 and Q4, resistors R28~R30 and R32~R35 are current limiting resistors.

[0024] Figure 5 It is the motor position signal acquisition circuit. In this embodiment, there are 2 Figure 5 The acquisition circuit shown in the figure corresponds to two switched reluctance motors; HA, HB, and HC are connected to three Hall sensors respectively, and HAA, HBB, and HCC are connected Figure 3 The IO port in.

[0025] Figure 6 The current collection circuit of the collection unit 5 uses 6 circuits in total in this embodiment. Figure 6 The circuit shown in the figure uses three channels to sample the three-phase current of each motor. Figure 6 The acquisition circuit shown in the figure; U4 is a Hall current sensor, which is powered by a 5V power supply and outputs the current measurement signal in the form of a 1-5V voltage; U5A is an operational amplifier, which is used as a voltage follower in this circuit. U5A mainly filters the voltage signal output by U4, and the output terminal AD_1 is connected to Figure 3 The AD pin in.

[0026] Figure 7 It is a lithium battery voltage acquisition circuit. Resistors R1, R5, and R8 form a voltage-dividing sampling network, which proportionally converts the high voltage of the lithium battery into a low-voltage signal acceptable to U3. U3 is a differential linear operational amplifier. The device is powered by dual power supplies to achieve analog signal isolation and signal amplification. U3 and the front-end resistor form an isolation amplifier circuit. U2 is an ordinary operational amplifier, which realizes the conversion and signal amplification of the differential signal output by U3. The output pin 1 of U2 is connected to the AD sampling channel of MCU unit 2.

[0027] Figure 8 For the power control circuit of any motor, in this embodiment, two circuits are used Figure 8 The power control circuit shown; Q1~Q6 are NMOS tubes, D1~D6 are freewheeling diodes, the opening and closing of Q1~Q6 are controlled by the PWM signal of MCU unit 2, U1 and U2, V1 and V2, W1 and W2 are respectively connected to the corresponding windings of the motor.

[0028] In this embodiment, the isolated digital communication unit adopts Fig. 9 The two identical serial communication circuits shown in the figure, U1 is a serial transceiver chip, which has its own 5V isolated power supply and digital signal isolation function, and supports two communication modes, RS485 and RS422. The two communication modes can be selected by hardware through resistors R10 and R14. Fig. 9 It is RS485 communication mode; U1 pins 7 and 4 are connected to the serial port sending and receiving pins of MCU unit 2, U1 pin 5 is the sending and receiving mode switching pin, pin 5 is connected to the IO pin of MCU unit 2, pins 15 and 17 are differential signal pins connected to external devices, and resistors R13 and R18 are total terminal resistance configuration resistors.

Claims

1. A dual switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle, used for speed control of two motors on the left and right wheels and vehicle direction adjustment, characterized in that: The motor controller includes a power supply management unit, an MCU unit, an isolation drive unit, a collection unit, a power control unit, and an isolation digital communication unit; the power supply management unit provides the MCU unit, the isolation drive unit, the collection unit, the power control unit, and the isolation digital communication unit with their respective power supplies; the MCU unit collects the three-phase current, battery voltage, and motor speed signals of the two motors through the collection unit, and receives the throttle speed and vehicle steering signal through the isolation digital communication unit, and calculates the PWM control signal corresponding to each motor, and the PWM control signal is transmitted to the power control unit after isolation and signal amplification by the isolation drive unit; the collection unit is mainly used to collect the three-phase current signal, battery voltage, and motor position signal of each motor; the power control unit controls the conduction of the MOS tube according to the isolated PWM signal, thereby realizing the adjustment of the motor speed.

2. A dual switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply management unit also includes a secondary power supply circuit and a distribution circuit. The secondary power supply circuit is used to generate a variety of DC voltage sources required by the MCU unit, the isolation drive unit, the acquisition unit, and the isolation digital communication unit. The distribution circuit is used to realize the up and down power control of the power supply of the two switched reluctance motors.

3. A dual switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MCU unit obtains the throttle and steering signals of the power-assisted vehicle through the isolated digital communication unit, and calculates the PWM control signal of each motor according to the current signal and motor speed collected by the acquisition unit, thereby realizing the speed and direction adjustment of the power-assisted vehicle, wherein the vehicle direction adjustment is adjusted by the speed difference between the two motors of the left and right wheels.

4. A dual switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The isolation driving unit includes multiple identical isolation driving circuits for isolating and amplifying the PWM signal generated by the MCU unit.

5. A dual switched reluctance motor controller for a single-soldier power-assisted vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The acquisition unit also includes a current acquisition circuit, a voltage acquisition circuit and a motor position signal acquisition circuit. The position feedback sensor used by the motor position signal acquisition circuit is a Hall sensor. The MCU unit calculates the motor speed information according to the motor position signal.

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