Mechanical chuck

Abstract

The utility model discloses a mechanical chuck, and belongs to workpiece machining, clamping and positioning equipment. The mechanical chuck is used for clamping and positioning in the workpiece machining process and comprises a chuck body, clamping grooves communicated with the center of the chuck body are formed in the chuck body, the chuck body comprises a main clamping groove and auxiliary clamping grooves, a clamping assembly can be arranged in the main clamping groove to achieve clamping and fixing of a workpiece, at least one set of auxiliary clamping grooves are oppositely arranged and penetrate through the chuck body, and the clamping assemblies are arranged in the auxiliary clamping grooves. The clamping device is used for clamping plate-type workpieces. The mechanical chuck provided by the utility model can be suitable for clamping and positioning a cylindrical workpiece or a plate-type workpiece, and is suitable for flexible assembly and application in a small-scale test.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to workpiece processing and manufacturing equipment, in particular to a mechanical chuck. Background Art

[0002] Generally speaking, a mechanical chuck is a mechanical device used to clamp a workpiece on a machine tool, that is, a machine tool accessory that uses the radial movement of the movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body to clamp and position the workpiece. According to the number of jaws, the chuck can be divided into: two-jaw chuck, three-jaw chuck, four-jaw chuck, six-jaw chuck and special chuck. According to the power used, it can be divided into: manual chuck, pneumatic chuck, hydraulic chuck, electric chuck and mechanical chuck. According to the structure, it can also be divided into: hollow type and solid type.

[0003] On the other hand, chucks are widely used in CNC machine tools and are more suitable for processing bar materials or through-hole workpieces. However, in other mechanical processing equipment, such as the need to fix plate-type workpieces and then drill them, the need cannot be met, which is inconvenient. Summary of the invention

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a mechanical chuck which can realize flexible clamping of bar materials or plate materials.

[0005] Technical solution: A mechanical chuck, which is used for clamping and positioning during the processing of workpieces, includes a disc body, and the disc body is provided with a clamping groove connected to the center of the disc body, including a main clamping groove and an auxiliary clamping groove. The main clamping groove can be provided with a clamping assembly to clamp and fix the workpiece. There is at least one group of auxiliary clamping grooves that are relatively arranged and pass through the disc body, and are used for clamping plate-type workpieces.

[0006] Furthermore, the clamping assembly includes a pneumatic clamping assembly, a hydraulic clamping assembly or an electric clamping assembly.

[0007] In the above scheme, the clamping assembly is a screw module, including a drive motor, a ball screw, and a screw slider. The screw slider moves toward the center of the disk under the action of the drive motor and the ball screw, thereby clamping the workpiece. The ball screw is provided in two groups, distributed on the side wall of the main clamping groove, and the two groups of ball screws jointly drive the screw slider to move.

[0008] Furthermore, the main clamping grooves include two groups that are arranged opposite to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, an auxiliary positioning strip may be provided in the auxiliary clamping groove, and the auxiliary positioning strip is used to realize auxiliary positioning when only the center of the mechanical chuck is required for clamping;

[0010] The end of the auxiliary positioning strip close to the center of the disc body is a replacement block, and the replacement block is used to adapt to different workpiece shapes, thereby achieving auxiliary clamping by fitting the shape of the workpiece.

[0011] Furthermore, the mechanical chuck includes a clamping device for bar and plate-type workpieces.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure sensor is provided at the fitting portion of the lead screw slider workpiece.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom of the tray includes a motor to control the overall rotation of the tray.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the chuck provided by the utility model can be used for clamping bar materials and plate-type workpieces. For the processing of bar materials, it can be fixed in the center of the disc body and clamped by the clamping assembly. At this time, the auxiliary positioning strip in the auxiliary clamping groove can be used to assist positioning. In this clamping situation, the chuck can be fixed on a CNC machine tool, and the rotation of the disc body can be achieved by a motor, which can be used for processing operations such as grinding and cutting of the workpiece. When the chuck is used for clamping a plate-type workpiece, the chuck can be directly fixed, and then it is confined in the auxiliary clamping groove (the auxiliary positioning strip is not required at this time), and then clamping is achieved under the action of the clamping assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 The overall structure of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0016] Figure 2 The overall structure of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0017] Figure 3 The overall structure of the utility model is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .

[0018] In the figure: 1. disk body; 2. main clamping groove; 3. auxiliary clamping groove; 4. first screw module; 5. ball screw; 6. screw slider; 7. positioning assembly; 8. first electric telescopic rod; 9. positioning block; 10. disk body center; 11. auxiliary positioning strip; 12. support plate; 13. assembly groove; 14. second screw module; 15. clamping block; 16. second electric telescopic rod; 17. bracket; 18. third electric telescopic rod; 19. push block; 20. pressure sensing sheet; 21. replacement block; 22. positioning pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0020] See also Figure 1-3 The mechanical chuck provided by the utility model can be used for processing bar materials and can also be used for processing plate-type workpieces. Example 1

[0021] Example 1 introduces the processing operation of the mechanical chuck described in the utility model on the bar material.

[0022] The processing of the bar includes drilling, grinding and cutting. The bottom of the mechanical chuck provided by the utility model can be fixed on the CNC machine tool through threaded holes or other mechanisms, including two groups, corresponding to the two ends of the bar. The bottom of the mechanical chuck can also be directly provided with a motor to realize the rotation of the disc body 1, thereby realizing the rotation of the bar.

[0023] The center 10 of the disc body is the end clamping and fixing part of the bar material. The disc body 1 is provided with transverse and longitudinal clamping grooves, including a main clamping groove 2 and an auxiliary clamping groove 3. The main clamping groove 2 includes two, which are arranged oppositely and pass through the disc body 1. The two main clamping grooves 3 can be provided with a first screw module 4 or a second screw module 14, which are specifically described as follows:

[0024] The first screw module 4 includes a driving motor and a ball screw 5. The ball screw 5 is provided with a screw slider 6. The screw slider 6 approaches the center 10 of the disc body, thereby achieving the operation of clamping the workpiece. Then, in order to improve the stability and clamping force, as Figure 1 As shown, the first screw module 4 is embedded in the inner wall of the main clamping groove 2, and both side walls have it, and then jointly control the movement of the screw slider 6. In order to increase the contact surface with the workpiece, a positioning component 7 or a clamping block 14 can be further set for the screw slider 6, such as the second screw module 14.

[0025] Regarding the setting of the positioning component 7, firstly, the clamping height relative to the workpiece can be adjusted, and secondly, the clamping stroke can be expanded, including being set as a telescopic motor, a hydraulic telescopic mechanism, a pneumatic telescopic mechanism, etc.

[0026] Relative to the first screw module 4, the installation method indicated by the second screw module 14 is to open an assembly groove 13 at the bottom of the main clamping groove 2 for embedding, and then clamping is achieved by slidingly connecting the screw slider 6 with the clamping block 15. For the clamping block 15, relevant structural matching can be made according to the end shape of the workpiece to make it better fit and wrap the end of the workpiece.

[0027] At this time, a support plate 11 or an auxiliary positioning strip 11 can be provided in the auxiliary clamping groove 3, that is, the groove is filled or protruded by the auxiliary positioning strip 11, and a replacement block 21 can be provided at its end to realize the function of the above-mentioned clamping block 15, and a positioning pin 22 can also be provided to achieve further stabilization.

[0028] Based on the above structure, the clamping block 15 or the positioning assembly 7 can be configured as follows: Figure 2 The first electric telescopic rod 8 shown in FIG. Figure 3 The second electric telescopic rod 16 and the third electric telescopic rod 18 shown in the figure can be arranged in a stacked manner. In addition, the ends thereof include further arranged push blocks 19. Example 2

[0029] The structure provided in Example 2 is capable of clamping and processing plate-type workpieces.

[0030] First, the disc body 1 is directly fixed on the operating table or the processing frame. For clamping the plate-type workpiece, the auxiliary clamping groove 3 is mainly used. At this time, there is no auxiliary positioning strip 11 in the auxiliary clamping groove 3, or the auxiliary clamping groove 3 is not fully filled. It is used to embed one end of the plate-type workpiece into the auxiliary clamping groove 3 set throughout the disc body 1, and then the clamping component in the main clamping groove 2 realizes clamping.

[0031] In either the above-mentioned embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, in order to achieve precise control, a pressure sensing sheet may be provided on the end portion that is in contact with the workpiece, thereby obtaining the size of the clamping force, and also preventing excessive pressure from causing deformation of the workpiece or depression of the clamping portion.

[0032] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-mentioned exemplary embodiments, and that other structures of the present invention that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of the present invention should be regarded as direct replacements by equivalent technical means.

Claims

1. A mechanical chuck used for clamping and positioning a bar or plate-type workpiece during machining, comprising a chuck body (1), characterized in that: The disc body (1) is provided with a clamping groove connected to the disc body center (10), including a main clamping groove (2) and an auxiliary clamping groove (3). The main clamping groove (2) can be provided with a clamping assembly to clamp and fix the workpiece. The auxiliary clamping groove (3) has at least one set of relatively arranged auxiliary clamping grooves (3) and passes through the disc body (1) for clamping a plate-type workpiece.

2. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly includes a pneumatic clamping assembly, a hydraulic clamping assembly or an electric clamping assembly.

3. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping assembly is a screw module, comprising a drive motor, a ball screw (5), and a screw slider (6). The screw slider (6) moves toward the center (10) of the disc under the action of the drive motor and the ball screw (5), thereby achieving clamping of the workpiece.

4. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main clamping grooves (2) include two groups that are arranged opposite to each other.

5. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: An auxiliary positioning strip (11) may be provided in the auxiliary clamping groove (3), and the auxiliary positioning strip (11) is used to realize auxiliary positioning when only the mechanical chuck center (10) is required for clamping; The end of the auxiliary positioning strip (11) close to the center (10) of the disc body is a replacement block (21), and the replacement block (21) is used to adapt to different workpiece shapes, thereby achieving auxiliary clamping in accordance with the shape of the workpiece.

6. The mechanical chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ball screw (5) is provided in two groups and is distributed on the side wall of the main clamping groove (2). The two groups of ball screws (5) jointly drive the screw slider (6) to move.

7. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical chuck includes clamping for bar and plate type workpieces.

8. The mechanical chuck according to claim 3, characterized in that: The contact portion of the lead screw slider (6) with the workpiece is provided with a pressure sensor.

9. The mechanical chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the disk body (1) includes a motor for controlling the overall rotation of the disk body (1).

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