Flame-retardant microcapsule fabric

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of flame-retardant textile fabrics, and provides a flame-retardant microcapsule fabric which comprises an inner layer, a thermal insulation layer, a flame-retardant layer and a wear-resistant surface layer are sequentially connected above the inner layer, phase change microcapsules are arranged in the thermal insulation layer, flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the flame-retardant layer, and the wear-resistant surface layer is arranged on the flame-retardant layer. Wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the wear-resistant surface layer; each phase change microcapsule is composed of a corrosion-resistant outer wall and a phase change core material wrapped in the corrosion-resistant outer wall; the flame-retardant microcapsule is composed of a low-melting-point film and a flame-retardant core material wrapped in the low-melting-point film; the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsule is composed of a wear-resistant shell and a cavity formed in the wear-resistant shell. By arranging a plurality of groups of microcapsules with different structures and functions, namely the phase change microcapsules, the flame-retardant microcapsules and the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules, the phase change microcapsules, the flame-retardant microcapsules and the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules are mutually alternated and matched, so that the phase change microcapsules, the flame-retardant microcapsules and the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules complement each other in advantages and complement each other, and the flame-retardant performance of the fabric is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of flame-retardant textile fabrics, in particular to a flame-retardant microcapsule fabric. Background Art

[0002] In people's daily lives, various fire hazards are everywhere, which not only cause huge economic losses, but also easily cause personal injuries and even endanger people's lives. In order to reduce fire accidents caused by flammable textiles and reduce the resulting harm to human life and property safety, the flame retardant properties of textiles have received great attention, especially in some special fields where the demand for flame retardant fabrics is more urgent, such as metallurgy, electric welding, chemical industry, petroleum, fire protection and other fields.

[0003] At present, the design of flame-retardant fabrics generally performs flame-retardant treatment on the base material of the fabric, such as using flame-retardant polyester slices, flame-retardant polyester fibers, etc., as described in patents CN112281278B, CN112281277B and CN109338538A. These methods require flame-retardant pretreatment of the base material of the fabric. Due to the large amount of base material, the pretreatment workload of the fabric generated in this way is huge, time-consuming and labor-intensive, which not only reduces production efficiency, but also significantly increases production costs. Although the production and development prospects of flame-retardant fabrics are good, the cost issue has become a key factor restricting its development. In order to simplify the production steps of flame-retardant fabrics, people have designed flame-retardant microcapsules. For example, in the prior art, patent number CN110756130B "A method for synthesizing flame-retardant microcapsules and preparing flame-retardant fabrics" discloses that the surface of the fabric contains flame-retardant microcapsules. It can be seen that the flame-retardant microcapsules are exposed to the surface of the fabric. When washing, processing or using, the microcapsules are easily destroyed and lost, resulting in a decrease in its flame-retardant properties. For example, in the prior art, people only add flame retardant microcapsules to the multi-layer fabric layer to improve the flame retardant effect. For example, the patent number CN104842594A "a functional microcapsule finishing composite fabric" evenly distributes the spotted microcapsules (flame retardant microcapsules) between the fabric layer and the third layer; for example, the patent number CN112373154B "high flame retardant and strong heat insulation composite fabric" designs the composite fabric from the surface to the inner layer, including the surface fabric, the heat insulation layer fabric, the heat absorption layer fabric and the inner layer fabric, and the heat absorption layer fabric is a microcapsule phase change layer. It can be seen that the above two patents both set the flame retardant microcapsules inside the fabric, solving the problem that the microcapsules are easily detached, worn and broken when exposed to the fabric surface. However, its flame retardant performance is also subject to certain limitations, that is, when facing a fire hazard, the flame retardant capsule cannot play a priority and effective flame retardant role, but the other functional layers on its outer side will be destroyed first, which not only causes premature damage to the fabric, but also the combustion of the outer function of the fabric will further deteriorate the fire hazard. It can be seen that the prior art cannot achieve the unity of avoiding the loss of flame-retardant microcapsules from falling off and giving priority to the flame-retardant effect and preventing the fire hazard from further deteriorating.

[0004] To this end, based on the existing technology, the utility model creatively designs flame retardant microcapsules with various structures, combines them with phase change microcapsules, and provides a flame retardant microcapsule fabric by improving the structure of each functional layer, aiming to improve the flame retardant performance of the fabric. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a flame retardant microcapsule fabric with good flame retardant performance to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A flame-retardant microcapsule fabric comprises an inner layer, a heat-insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a wear-resistant surface layer are sequentially connected above the inner layer, and phase-change microcapsules are arranged in the heat-insulating layer, flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the flame-retardant layer, and wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the wear-resistant surface layer;

[0008] The phase change microcapsule is composed of a corrosion-resistant outer wall and a phase change core material wrapped in the corrosion-resistant outer wall;

[0009] The flame retardant microcapsule is composed of a low melting point film and a flame retardant core material wrapped in the low melting point film;

[0010] The wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsule consists of a wear-resistant outer shell and a cavity formed in the wear-resistant outer shell.

[0011] Preferably, the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules protrude from the surface of the wear-resistant surface layer.

[0012] Preferably, the average particle size of the phase change microcapsules is 0.2-0.6 nm.

[0013] Preferably, the average particle size of the flame retardant microcapsules is 15-30 μm. Providing flame retardant microcapsules with larger particle sizes is conducive to encapsulating more flame retardant core materials, thereby efficiently exerting the flame retardant effect.

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the low melting point film in the flame retardant microcapsule is 0.8-1.4 μm. Providing a thinner low melting point film is conducive to timely, rapid and efficient performance of its flame retardant effect.

[0015] Preferably, the average particle size of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules is 3-12 μm.

[0016] Preferably, the thickness of the inner layer is 3-8 μm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.5-2 μm, the thickness of the flame retardant layer is 3-6 μm, and the thickness of the wear-resistant surface layer is 1-2 μm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the utility model provides multiple groups of microcapsules with different structures and functions, namely phase change microcapsules, flame retardant microcapsules and wear-resistant flame retardant microcapsules, and through their mutual alternation and mutual cooperation, their advantages complement each other and make up for each other's shortcomings, thereby significantly improving the flame retardant properties of the fabric, and achieving the unity of avoiding the shedding loss of flame retardant microcapsules and giving priority to the flame retardant effect and curbing the further deterioration of the fire hazard. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a flame-retardant microcapsule fabric of the utility model;

[0019] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the phase change microcapsule in the utility model;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the flame retardant microcapsule in the utility model;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the wear-resistant and flame-retardant microcapsules in the utility model;

[0022] In the figure, 1-inner layer, 2-insulating layer, 3-flame retardant layer, 4-wear-resistant surface layer, 5-phase change microcapsule, 501-corrosion-resistant outer wall, 502-phase change core material, 6-flame retardant microcapsule, 601-low melting point film, 602-flame retardant core material, 7-wear-resistant flame retardant microcapsule, 701-wear-resistant outer shell, 702-cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0024] See also Figure 1-4 , the utility model provides: Specific embodiment 1

[0026] A flame-retardant microcapsule fabric comprises an inner layer 1 with a thickness of 3 μm, on which are sequentially connected a heat-insulating layer 2 (space cotton layer with strong temperature sensitivity) with a thickness of 0.5 μm, a flame-retardant layer 3 (chlorinated paraffin and chlorinated polyethylene coating containing antimony trioxide) with a thickness of 3 μm, and a wear-resistant surface layer 4 (polyurethane layer) with a thickness of 1 μm. The pores of the heat-insulating layer 2 are filled with 30% of phase-change microcapsules 5; the flame-retardant layer 3 is filled with 50% of flame-retardant microcapsules 6, that is, in the preparation process, a layer of flame-retardant layer 3 is first coated, and then the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 are filled or adhered, and then another layer of flame-retardant layer 3 is coated, so as to achieve the purpose of wrapping the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 in the flame-retardant layer 3; the pores of the wear-resistant surface layer 4 are filled with 5% of wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7.

[0027] The phase change microcapsule 5 in this embodiment 1 has an average particle size of 0.2 nm and is composed of a corrosion-resistant outer wall 501 (polyurea outer wall) and a phase change core material 502 (solid paraffin) wrapped in the corrosion-resistant outer wall 501 .

[0028] The flame retardant microcapsules 6 in this embodiment 1 have an average particle size of 15 μm and are composed of a low melting point film 601 (TPU hot melt adhesive film) and a flame retardant core material 602 (aluminum hydroxide) wrapped in the low melting point film 601 , and the thickness of the low melting point film in the flame retardant microcapsules is 0.8 μm.

[0029] The average particle size of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 in this embodiment 1 is 3 μm, and it is composed of a wear-resistant outer shell 701 (PVC outer shell) and a cavity 702 formed in the wear-resistant outer shell 701 (the cavity is filled with carbon dioxide), and part (30%) of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 protrude from the surface of the wear-resistant surface layer 4, thereby increasing the wear resistance of the fabric. Specific embodiment 2

[0031] The flame-retardant microcapsule fabric in this embodiment 2 has the same structure as that in embodiment 1, with the following differences: the thickness of the inner layer 1 is 8μm, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 2 is 2μm, the thickness of the flame-retardant layer 3 is 6μm, the thickness of the wear-resistant surface layer 4 is 2μm, and the filling rate of the phase change microcapsules 5 in the heat-insulating layer 2 is 40%, the filling rate of the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 in the flame-retardant layer 3 is 70%, and the filling rate of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 in the wear-resistant surface layer 4 is 25%; the average particle size of the phase change microcapsules 5 is 0.6nm; the average particle size of the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 is 30μm, and the thickness of the low melting point film in the flame-retardant microcapsules is 1.4μm; the average particle size of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 is 12μm. Specific embodiment 3

[0033] The flame-retardant microcapsule fabric in this embodiment 3 has the same structure as that in embodiment 1, with the following differences: the thickness of the inner layer 1 is 5 μm, the thickness of the heat-insulating layer 2 is 1.2 μm, the thickness of the flame-retardant layer 3 is 4 μm, the thickness of the wear-resistant surface layer 4 is 1.5 μm, and the filling rate of the phase change microcapsules 5 in the heat-insulating layer 2 is 35%, the filling rate of the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 in the flame-retardant layer 3 is 60%, and the filling rate of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 in the wear-resistant surface layer 4 is 12%; the average particle size of the phase change microcapsules 5 is 0.5 nm; the average particle size of the flame-retardant microcapsules 6 is 20 μm, and the thickness of the low melting point film in the flame-retardant microcapsules is 1.2 μm; the average particle size of the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules 7 is 6 μm.

[0034] When the utility model is used, the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules on the surface of the fabric are firstly contacted with high temperature. At this time, the wear-resistant outer shell thereof is ruptured due to external force or high temperature, and the fire-extinguishing gas (carbon dioxide or inert gas) in the cavity is released, which plays a priority role in flame retardancy. When the fire situation is not serious, the wear-resistant surface layer is destroyed (that is, the wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules lose their performance), but this still does not affect the subsequent use of the fabric, and the fabric still has excellent flame retardant properties during subsequent use.

[0035] When the combustion situation is more severe, the high temperature spreads to the flame retardant layer (that is, the wear-resistant surface layer has been destroyed and the wear-resistant flame retardant microcapsules have lost their function). At this time, the flame retardant microcapsules in the flame retardant layer begin to play a role, that is, the low melting point film on the surface of the flame retardant microcapsules absorbs heat and melts, releasing the flame retardant core material inside. Multiple flame retardant core materials are connected to form a fireproof surface, thereby preventing further deterioration of the combustion situation; when the fire passes through the flame retardant layer and spreads to the inner layer, the flame retardant layer is completely destroyed or the fire bypasses the flame retardant microcapsules and spreads through the flame retardant layer. The heat insulation layer outside the inner layer absorbs heat through the phase change microcapsules inside it and maintains a constant temperature within a certain range, thereby preventing the further spread of high temperature (combustion), achieving the purpose of protecting the inner layer, and significantly improving the flame retardant effect.

[0036] It can be seen from the above embodiments of the utility model that the utility model significantly improves the flame retardant properties of the fabric by arranging multiple groups of microcapsules with different structures and functions, namely phase change microcapsules, flame retardant microcapsules and wear-resistant flame retardant microcapsules, through their mutual alternation and mutual cooperation, complementary advantages, and making up for each other's shortcomings, and achieves the unity of avoiding the shedding loss of flame retardant microcapsules and giving priority to the flame retardant effect and curbing the further deterioration of fire hazards, which is more conducive to market application and development.

[0037] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flame retardant microcapsule fabric, characterized in that: It comprises an inner layer, wherein a heat-insulating layer, a flame-retardant layer and a wear-resistant surface layer are sequentially connected above the inner layer, and phase-change microcapsules are arranged in the heat-insulating layer, flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the flame-retardant layer, and wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules are arranged in the wear-resistant surface layer; The phase change microcapsule is composed of a corrosion-resistant outer wall and a phase change core material wrapped in the corrosion-resistant outer wall; The flame retardant microcapsule is composed of a low melting point film and a flame retardant core material wrapped in the low melting point film; The wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsule consists of a wear-resistant outer shell and a cavity formed in the wear-resistant outer shell.

2. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wear-resistant flame-retardant microcapsules protrude from the surface of the wear-resistant surface layer.

3. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the phase-change microcapsules is 0.2-0.6 nm.

4. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the flame retardant microcapsules is 15-30 μm.

5. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the low melting point film in the flame retardant microcapsule is 0.8-1.4 μm.

6. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The average particle size of the wear-resistant and flame-retardant microcapsules is 3-12 μm.

7. The flame retardant microcapsule fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the inner layer is 3-8 μm, the thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.5-2 μm, the thickness of the flame retardant layer is 3-6 μm, and the thickness of the wear-resistant surface layer is 1-2 μm.

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