Organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment

Abstract

The utility model provides an organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment, the organic matter degradation reactor comprises a reaction cylinder, a water inlet mechanism, a micro-aerobic aeration mechanism and a sludge screening system, the sludge screening system comprises a flow guide mechanism and a first separation mechanism; the water inlet mechanism, the micro-aerobic aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism are all arranged in the reaction cylinder and are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and the first separation mechanism is provided with a vertically through vertical channel; the flow guide mechanism is provided with a flow guide inlet and a flow guide outlet, the flow guide outlet is located above the first separation mechanism, and fluid in the reaction cylinder can enter the flow guide mechanism through the flow guide inlet and flow back into the reaction cylinder through the flow guide outlet; the technical problems that equipment for removing pollutants such as COD5, N and P in sewage treatment is large in occupied area and high in operation cost are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to an organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment. Background Art

[0002] Biological treatment processes are commonly used in sewage treatment plants to remove COD5, N, and P. Commonly used are A 2 O, SBR, MBR, MBBR and other processes, the main steps include: sewage first enters the anaerobic tank and mixes with the return sludge, under the action of polyphosphate bacteria, P is removed, then enters the anoxic zone, under the action of denitrifying bacteria, N is removed; enters the aerobic tank, under the action of activated sludge, COD is removed, and discharged from the system in the form of residual sludge after sedimentation. However, these processes have more pools, occupy a large area, and have higher operating costs and larger investments. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model aims to provide a reactor for degrading organic matter in sewage treatment, so as to solve the technical problems that the equipment for removing pollutants such as COD5, N, P, etc. in sewage treatment occupies a large area and has a high operating cost.

[0004] The above-mentioned purpose of the utility model can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0005] The utility model provides a reactor for degrading organic matter in sewage treatment, comprising: a reaction cylinder, a water inlet mechanism, a micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and a sludge screening system, wherein the sludge screening system comprises a flow guide mechanism and a first separation mechanism;

[0006] The water inlet mechanism, the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism are all arranged in the reaction cylinder and are distributed sequentially from bottom to top. The first separation mechanism has a vertical channel that penetrates vertically. The flow guide mechanism has a flow guide inlet and a flow guide outlet. The flow guide outlet is located above the first separation mechanism. The fluid in the reaction cylinder can enter the flow guide mechanism through the flow guide inlet and flow back into the reaction cylinder through the flow guide outlet.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the flow guide mechanism includes an outer flow guide tube and an inner flow guide tube, the inner flow guide tube is arranged in the outer flow guide tube, the inner flow guide tube and the outer flow guide tube are vertically connected, a flow guide channel is arranged between the inner flow guide tube and the outer flow guide tube, the upper end of the flow guide channel is the flow guide inlet, and the lower end of the flow guide channel is the flow guide outlet; the outer flow guide tube is arranged in the reaction tube.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the first separation mechanism comprises a perforated plate, the vertical passage comprises a through hole arranged on the perforated plate, and the perforated plate is arranged below the outer guide cylinder.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the diversion channel is cylindrical, the diversion channel includes a contraction portion, the contraction portion gradually contracts inwardly along a downward direction, the diversion outlet is arranged at the lower end of the contraction portion, and the diversion outlet is arranged inwardly.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the sludge screening system includes a sludge hopper, which is vertically through-going, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the outer guide tube, and the orifice plate is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the sludge hopper.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the organic matter degradation reactor comprises a sludge discharge mechanism and a sludge return mechanism, the sludge discharge mechanism is communicated with the sludge hopper, and two ends of the sludge return mechanism are respectively connected to the sludge discharge mechanism and the water inlet mechanism.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a solid-liquid separator is disposed in the inner guide tube, and the solid-liquid separator includes a plurality of guide blocks, and the guide blocks gradually shrink in a downward direction.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, a water collecting mechanism is provided in the inner guide tube, the water collecting mechanism is located above the solid-liquid separator, the water collecting mechanism comprises a water collecting tube, and a water passing hole is provided on the side wall of the water collecting tube.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, a diversion weir is disposed at the top end of the outer diversion tube, and a plurality of slots serving as the diversion inlet are disposed at the top of the diversion weir.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the water inlet mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the reaction cylinder, the water inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes, and the water outlet holes are arranged downward.

[0016] The characteristics and advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] The sewage to be treated is added into the reaction cylinder through the water inlet mechanism, and the sewage gradually overflows the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism. The oxygen-containing gas discharged by the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism is mixed into the fluid and moves upward with the fluid, so that an oxygen-deficient environment is formed in the area below the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism, and an oxygen-rich environment is formed between the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism.

[0018] The fluid portion below the first separation mechanism flows upward through the vertical channel; the fluid portion in the reaction cylinder flows into the flow guide mechanism and flows out through the flow guide outlet. The fluid flowing out of the flow guide outlet interacts with the fluid passing through the vertical through hole to form turbulence above the first separation mechanism.

[0019] Inoculated sludge is added from the top of the reaction cylinder, mixed with the fluid in the reaction cylinder, reacted with the fluid in the reaction cylinder to form granular sludge, and gradually moved downward to the top of the first separation mechanism. Most of the granular sludge with smaller particle size stays above the first separation mechanism under the action of turbulence; the granular sludge with larger particle size can pass through the vertical channel and move to the bottom of the first separation mechanism due to its own large gravity, so as to screen the granular sludge, so that the granular sludge with larger particle size enters the oxygen-rich environment between the top of the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism, and the granular sludge with smaller particle size can continue to react above the first separation mechanism to gradually increase its particle size.

[0020] In an oxygen-rich environment, due to the limitation of oxygen mass transfer, the granular sludge presents an aerobic zone on the outside and an anoxic or anaerobic zone on the inside, which provides a suitable living environment for aerobic, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms, and can effectively degrade various pollutants such as COD5, N, P, etc. In addition, sewage can be input into the reaction cylinder through the water inlet mechanism in a continuous flow, and pollutants are removed while sewage is input, which improves the degradation efficiency of various pollutants. Sludge sedimentation and removal of various organic pollutants are carried out in the same reaction cylinder, and there is no need for a secondary sedimentation tank and an independent anaerobic / anoxic zone, which makes the system more compact and significantly reduces the required floor space, which is conducive to saving operating costs and reducing construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment provided by the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the sludge screening system in the organic matter degradation reactor of the sewage treatment is shown;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a diversion weir in an organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment provided by the utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a water collecting mechanism in an organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment provided by the utility model;

[0026] Figure 5The utility model provides a cross-sectional view of a water inlet pipe in a reactor for degrading organic matter in sewage treatment.

[0027] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0028] 10. Reaction tube; 11. Area A; 12. Area B; 13. Area C;

[0029] 20. Water inlet mechanism; 21. Water inlet pipe; 22. Water outlet hole;

[0030] 30. Micro oxygen aeration mechanism;

[0031] 40. Sludge screening system;

[0032] 41. diversion mechanism; 410. diversion channel; 411. diversion inlet; 412. diversion outlet;

[0033] 42. Sludge bucket;

[0034] 51. outer guide tube; 52. inner guide tube; 53. contraction portion; 54. guide weir; 541. notch;

[0035] 60. first separation mechanism; 61. vertical channel; 62. orifice plate;

[0036] 63. solid-liquid separator; 631. guide block;

[0037] 71. Sludge discharge mechanism; 72. Sludge return mechanism;

[0038] 80. Water collecting mechanism; 81. Water collecting cylinder; 82. Water passing hole; 83. DO measuring instrument. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0040] The utility model provides a reactor for degrading organic matter in sewage treatment, such as Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, it includes: a reaction barrel 10, a water inlet mechanism 20, a micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 and a sludge screening system 40, the sludge screening system 40 includes a guide mechanism 41 and a first separation mechanism 60; the water inlet mechanism 20, the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 and the first separation mechanism 60 are all arranged in the reaction barrel 10, and are sequentially distributed from bottom to top, and the first separation mechanism 60 has a vertical channel 61 that penetrates vertically; the guide mechanism 41 has a guide inlet 411 and a guide outlet 412, and the guide outlet 412 is located above the first separation mechanism 60, and the fluid in the reaction barrel 10 can enter the guide mechanism 41 through the guide inlet 411 and flow back to the reaction barrel 10 through the guide outlet 412.

[0041] The sewage to be treated is added into the reaction cylinder 10 through the water inlet mechanism 20, and the sewage gradually overflows the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 and the first separation mechanism 60. The oxygen-containing gas discharged from the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 is mixed into the fluid and moves upward with the fluid, so that an oxygen-deficient environment is formed in the area below the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30, and an oxygen-rich environment is formed above the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 and between the first separation mechanism 60.

[0042] The fluid portion below the first separation mechanism 60 flows upward through the vertical channel 61; the fluid portion in the reaction cylinder 10 flows into the flow guide mechanism 41 and flows out through the flow guide outlet 412. The fluid flowing out of the flow guide outlet 412 interacts with the fluid passing through the vertical through hole to form turbulence above the first separation mechanism 60.

[0043] The inoculum sludge is added from the top of the reaction cylinder 10, and the inoculum sludge is mixed with the fluid in the reaction cylinder 10. The inoculum sludge reacts with the fluid in the reaction cylinder 10 to form granular sludge, and gradually moves downward to the top of the first separation mechanism 60. Under the action of turbulence, most of the granular sludge with smaller particle sizes stays above the first separation mechanism 60; the granular sludge with larger particle sizes can pass through the vertical channel 61 and move to the bottom of the first separation mechanism 60 due to its own large gravity, so as to screen the granular sludge, so that the granular sludge with larger particle sizes enters the oxygen-rich environment between the top of the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 and the first separation mechanism 60, and the granular sludge with smaller particle sizes can continue to react above the first separation mechanism 60 to gradually increase its particle size.

[0044] In an oxygen-rich environment, due to the limitation of oxygen mass transfer, the granular sludge presents an aerobic zone on the outside and an anoxic or anaerobic zone on the inside, which provides a suitable living environment for aerobic, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms, and can effectively degrade various pollutants such as COD5, N, P, etc., and sewage can be input into the reaction tube 10 through the water inlet mechanism 20 in a continuous flow, and pollutants are removed while the sewage is input, thereby improving the degradation efficiency of various pollutants. Sludge sedimentation and removal of various organic pollutants are carried out in the same reaction tube 10, and a secondary sedimentation tank and an independent anaerobic / anoxic zone are not required, which makes the system more compact and significantly reduces the required floor space, which is conducive to saving operating costs and reducing construction costs.

[0045] In one embodiment, the flow guide mechanism 41 includes an outer flow guide tube 51 and an inner flow guide tube 52. The inner flow guide tube 52 is arranged in the outer flow guide tube 51. The inner flow guide tube 52 and the outer flow guide tube 51 are vertically connected. A flow guide channel 410 is arranged between the inner flow guide tube 52 and the outer flow guide tube 51. The upper end of the flow guide channel 410 is a flow guide inlet 411, and the lower end of the flow guide channel 410 is a flow guide outlet 412. The outer flow guide tube 51 is arranged in the reaction tube 10. The space in the reaction tube 10 is divided by the outer guide tube 51 and the inner guide tube 52. The inoculated sludge can be put into the upper opening of the inner guide tube 52. The guide inlet 411 is located above or on the upper part of the outer reaction tube 10. The fluid in the reaction tube 10 flows into the guide channel 410 through the guide inlet 411. The fluid in the space in the inner guide tube 52 flows generally upward, and the fluid in the guide channel 410 flows generally downward, which is conducive to forming turbulence above the first separation mechanism 60, so that the granular sludge with smaller particle size remains above the first separation mechanism 60. Figure 1 As shown, the outer diameter of the outer guide tube 51 is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner reaction tube 10, and the guide inlet 411 is located above or on the upper part of the outer reaction tube 10. The guide inlet 411 is lower than the top of the reactor. The fluid in the reactor can flow into the outer guide tube 51 through the upper part or on the outer reaction tube 10, and the fluid flow direction outside the outer guide tube 51 is roughly upward.

[0046] Furthermore, the first separation mechanism 60 includes a orifice plate 62, and the vertical channel 61 includes a through hole arranged on the orifice plate 62. The orifice plate 62 is arranged below the outer guide tube 51, and turbulence is formed in the area between the top of the orifice plate 62 and the bottom of the outer guide tube 51. The orifice plate 62 with through holes can allow fluid to pass through and can have a certain obstructive effect on particulate matter. The granular sludge is roughly in a suspended state in the reaction tube 10, so that the granular sludge with larger particle size can pass through the through holes on the orifice plate 62 due to its own large gravity and enter the oxygen-rich environment below, while the granular sludge with smaller particle size is mostly retained above the orifice plate 62.

[0047] Furthermore, the guide channel 410 is cylindrical, and includes a contraction portion 53, which gradually contracts inwardly in a downward direction. The guide outlet 412 is provided at the lower end of the contraction portion 53, and the guide outlet 412 is provided inwardly, and the contraction portion 53 guides the fluid in the guide channel 410 to gradually turn and flow out from the guide outlet 412 in an inward direction, that is, to flow from the periphery to the center, which is more conducive to forming turbulence. Preferably, the guide outlet 412 is annular.

[0048] In one embodiment, the sludge screening system 40 includes a sludge hopper 42, which is vertically penetrated, the upper end of the sludge hopper 42 is connected to the lower end of the outer guide cylinder 51, and the orifice plate 62 is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the sludge hopper 42. The sludge hopper 42 divides the space in the reaction cylinder 10, and the granular sludge with smaller particle size is collected in the sludge hopper 42. The granular sludge with larger particle size can enter the sludge hopper 42 and pass downward through the orifice plate 62.

[0049] Furthermore, the organic matter degradation reactor includes a sludge discharge mechanism 71 and a sludge return mechanism 72. The sludge discharge mechanism 71 is connected to the sludge bucket 42, and the two ends of the sludge return mechanism 72 are respectively connected to the sludge discharge mechanism 71 and the water inlet mechanism 20. The ineffective sludge collected in the sludge bucket 42 can be discharged through the sludge discharge mechanism 71, and part of the granular sludge can be transported to the water inlet mechanism 20 through the sludge return mechanism 72. The granular sludge is input into the anoxic environment of the reaction cylinder 10 together with the sewage, which is conducive to removing part of N and P to improve the pollutant degradation efficiency.

[0050] In one embodiment, a solid-liquid separator 63 is provided in the inner guide tube 52, and the solid-liquid separator 63 includes a plurality of guide blocks 631, and the guide blocks 631 gradually shrink in the downward direction. The fluid in the inner guide tube 52 generally flows upward, and the inoculated sludge is put into the upper opening of the inner guide tube 52, and the sludge is mixed with the fluid in the inner guide tube 52. After the inoculated sludge contacts the guide block 631, it can move downward along the guide block 631 under the guidance of the guide block 631 to approach the first separation mechanism 60, thereby preventing the inoculated sludge from being difficult to move downward due to the upward flowing fluid in the inner guide tube 52, and preventing the inoculated sludge from floating on the surface of the fluid, so as to achieve the fluid in the inner guide tube 52 to flow generally upward, while the inoculated sludge and the particles formed by it move downward.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a water collecting mechanism 80 is provided in the inner flow guide tube 52. The water collecting mechanism 80 is located above the solid-liquid separator 63. The water collecting mechanism 80 includes a water collecting tube 81. The side wall of the water collecting tube 81 is provided with a water hole 82. The sewage flows from bottom to top in the reaction tube 10. After flowing into the inner flow guide tube 52, the pollutants are removed. The liquid level in the inner flow guide tube 52 is higher than the water hole 82. The sewage from which the pollutants have been removed flows into the water collecting tube 81 through the water hole 82 so as to be output to the outside. The water hole 82 can be a through hole provided on the side wall of the inner flow guide tube 52. The water collecting tube 81 can be a cylinder or a rectangular tube with an opening at the top. A plurality of water collecting tubes 81 are distributed in the inner flow guide tube 52. As shown Figure 2 As shown, the water collecting cylinder 81 may also be an annular cylinder with an opening at the top, the annular cylinder having an annular cavity, and the side wall of the annular cylinder is provided with a water through hole 82 communicating with the annular cavity.

[0052] In one embodiment, if Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, a diversion weir 54 is arranged at the top of the outer guide cylinder 51, and a plurality of slots 541 used as diversion inlets 411 are arranged on the top of the diversion weir 54. When the liquid level in the reaction cylinder 10 is higher than the slots 541, the liquid can flow into the diversion channel 410 through the slots 541 and flow downward along the diversion channel 410, while blocking the particulate matter to improve the sedimentation effect and the purification effect of the sewage entering the inner guide cylinder 52.

[0053] In one embodiment, the water inlet mechanism 20 includes a water inlet pipe 21 disposed at the bottom of the reaction cylinder 10. Figure 5 As shown, the water inlet pipe 21 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 22, and the water outlet holes 22 are arranged downwardly, and the sewage input by the water inlet pipe 21 is flushed downwardly to the bottom of the reaction cylinder 10, which can prevent mud accumulation at the bottom of the reactor. Preferably, the water outlet is arranged obliquely downward so that the sewage is flushed obliquely downwardly to the bottom of the reaction cylinder 10. More preferably, the opening direction of the water outlet is 45° with the vertical direction. In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, one water inlet pipe 21 is provided with two rows of water outlets, and the two rows of water outlets are staggered, which is conducive to ensuring that the incoming water evenly enters the reaction cylinder 10. The diameter of the water outlet is preferably 25 mm.

[0054] The micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 may be connected to a blower to input air into the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30 .

[0055] The reactor has the following advantages:

[0056] (1) All biological reactions and sedimentation processes are carried out in the reaction tube 10. The upper part of the reaction tube 10 is an aerobic zone and a sludge screening zone, and the lower part is an anaerobic zone. There is no need for a secondary sedimentation tank and an independent anaerobic / anoxic zone;

[0057] (2) Due to the reduction of mechanical equipment in the reactor, the total energy consumption of the reactor is significantly reduced compared with the traditional process, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is also lower;

[0058] (3) The reactor can maximize the use of carbon sources in sewage to remove nutrients such as N and P, reduce the use of carbon sources and phosphorus removal agents, and save the cost of agents;

[0059] (4) During the influent phase, wastewater is fed into the reactor, allowing the wastewater treated in the previous cycle to be displaced out of the reactor; unlike conventional biochemical systems, this reactor does not require a separate, time-consuming drainage phase.

[0060] Compared with traditional biological treatment 2 Compared with O, SBR, MBR, and MBBR processes for removing COD, N, and P, this reactor has lower energy consumption and significantly reduces land occupation, as shown in Table 1:

[0061] <![CDATA[A 2 The]]> SBR MBBR MBR The reactor Land area 100％ 80％ 45％ 25％ 25％ Energy consumption 70％ 50％ 65％ 100％ 40％

[0062] Table 1: Comparison of various treatment processes.

[0063] Compared with traditional biological carbon removal, nitrogen removal and phosphorus removal treatment processes, this reactor consumes less energy and occupies significantly less space.

[0064] In the method for degrading organic matter implemented by the organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment provided by the utility model, in the anoxic environment below the micro-aerobic aeration mechanism 30, part of N and P can be removed; in the oxygen-rich environment above the micro-aeration mechanism 30 and between the first separation mechanism 60, the granular sludge formed presents a situation where the outside is an aerobic zone and the inside has anoxic or anaerobic zone, which provides a suitable living environment for aerobic, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms, and can effectively degrade various pollutants such as COD5, N, P, etc.

[0065] The specific process of the method for degrading organic matter includes:

[0066] First, the sewage enters the A zone 11 of the reaction tube 10 through the water inlet mechanism 20, and the A zone 11 forms an anoxic environment to better remove some N and P.

[0067] Secondly, air enters the reactor B zone 12 through the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism 30. The B zone 12 is an oxygen-rich zone, and the aerobic content of the B zone 12 is controlled by the DO meter 83. Appropriate inoculated sludge is added, and appropriate mixed carbon sources are added. Appropriate aeration intensity, polysaccharide addition, pH, temperature and other controls are performed, and an appropriate reactor operation mode is set. After a period of cultivation, granular sludge is formed. The granular sludge is granular activated sludge with an average particle size of 1mm to 3mm. The area inside the inner guide tube 52 and above the orifice plate 62 is the C zone 13. The granular sludge with a suitable particle size after screening passes through the orifice plate 62 and enters the B zone 12 from the C zone 13. The particles with smaller particle sizes are collected in the sludge hopper 42. After running for a period of time, they are discharged through the sludge discharge mechanism 71, and part of the sludge enters the A zone 11 through the sludge return mechanism 72.

[0068] Due to the limitation of oxygen mass transfer, the granular activated sludge presents an aerobic zone on the outside and anoxic or anaerobic zone on the inside, which provides a suitable living environment for aerobic, facultative and anaerobic microorganisms, and can effectively degrade various pollutants such as COD5, N, P, etc.

[0069] Finally, the treated sewage is collected by the water collecting mechanism 80 and then discharged. All reactions are completed in the reactor.

[0070] In this method of degrading organic matter, after the inoculated sludge is put into the sewage environment of the reactor, the microorganisms gather together to form a microbial aggregate with high density, large volume and good physical condition, that is, granular sludge. Microorganisms themselves have the characteristics of agglomeration or attachment to solid surfaces. As long as the conditions are appropriate, this phenomenon will occur naturally. Compared with ordinary flocculent activated sludge, granular sludge has some outstanding advantages:

[0071] (1) The appearance is regular, smooth spherical or quasi-spherical, with clear boundaries and a dense, strong structure. It is not easy to break and cause sludge loss due to water shear and internal gas pressure;

[0072] (2) It has excellent sedimentation performance, so that a higher concentration of sludge can be retained in the system, thereby promoting the increase of treated water volume and the improvement of treatment effect and solid-liquid separation effect;

[0073] (3) With a dense structure and a large particle size, a relatively stable microenvironment can be maintained inside the particles due to the existence of mass transfer limitations, so it has a higher tolerance to shock loads, toxic organic substances and heavy metals;

[0074] (4) It has the ability to degrade refractory pollutants. The complete degradation of refractory pollutants involves the interaction of multiple bacterial communities, and granular sludge is a micro-ecological system where multiple microorganisms coexist. This means that the transfer of pollutants in granular sludge is rapid and highly concentrated, so a large amount of pollutants can be treated in a compact system.

[0075] (5) Synchronous nitrification, denitrification, and biological phosphorus removal: Granular sludge is a spherical layered structure, with nitrifying bacteria and nitrite bacteria attached to its outer side, which convert ammonia nitrogen into nitrite and nitrate, and then transfer it to the inside of the granular sludge. At the same time, as oxygen is used by external bacteria, anoxic zones are formed inside the granular sludge. The anoxic zones contain denitrifying bacteria, which denitrify and remove the transferred nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. The phosphorus removal effect is also enhanced by this structure;

[0076] The method of degrading organic matter is used to degrade organic matter in the reactor through granular sludge, which has the following advantages: it can solve the land occupation problem. Since the reactor can reach a high biomass concentration (8-15g / L) and form granular sludge with a low sludge index and a high sedimentation rate, the required bioreactor volume is greatly reduced; sludge sedimentation and removal of various pollutants such as COD, N, P, etc. can be carried out in the same reactor, and no secondary sedimentation tank and independent anaerobic / anoxic zone are required, which makes the system more compact and significantly reduces the required floor space; low operating cost. Since all biological reactions and sedimentation processes occur in one reactor, Less mechanical equipment; Due to the reduction of mechanical equipment, the total energy consumption of the reactor is significantly reduced compared with the traditional denitrification and phosphorus removal process, and the maintenance cost of the equipment is also lower; In addition, the reactor can maximize the use of carbon sources in sewage to remove nutrients such as N and P, reduce the use of carbon sources and phosphorus removal agents, and save the cost of agents; Low investment, due to the compact and simple structure of the reactor, small footprint, and less mechanical equipment required for the system, the investment in the reactor is low; High degree of automation Through online instrument data, automatic controller calculation, control of fan aeration volume, accurate aeration, control of operating time to ensure water effect, automatic calculation of drug dosage to control addition. Reduce operating costs through automated control.

[0077] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reactor for degrading organic matter in sewage treatment, characterized in that: include: A reaction cylinder, a water inlet mechanism, a micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and a sludge screening system, wherein the sludge screening system includes a flow guide mechanism and a first separation mechanism; The water inlet mechanism, the micro-oxygen aeration mechanism and the first separation mechanism are all arranged in the reaction cylinder and are distributed sequentially from bottom to top. The first separation mechanism has a vertical channel that penetrates vertically. The flow guide mechanism has a flow guide inlet and a flow guide outlet. The flow guide outlet is located above the first separation mechanism. The fluid in the reaction cylinder can enter the flow guide mechanism through the flow guide inlet and flow back into the reaction cylinder through the flow guide outlet.

2. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guide mechanism includes an outer flow guide tube and an inner flow guide tube, the inner flow guide tube is arranged in the outer flow guide tube, the inner flow guide tube and the outer flow guide tube are vertically connected, a flow guide channel is arranged between the inner flow guide tube and the outer flow guide tube, the upper end of the flow guide channel is the flow guide inlet, and the lower end of the flow guide channel is the flow guide outlet; the outer flow guide tube is arranged in the reaction tube.

3. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first separation mechanism comprises an orifice plate, the vertical channel comprises a through hole arranged on the orifice plate, and the orifice plate is arranged below the outer guide cylinder.

4. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide channel is cylindrical and includes a contraction portion that gradually contracts inwardly in a downward direction. The guide outlet is disposed at the lower end of the contraction portion and is disposed inwardly.

5. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sludge screening system comprises a sludge hopper, which is vertically penetrated, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the outer guide cylinder, and the orifice plate is arranged on the inner side of the lower end of the sludge hopper.

6. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The organic matter degradation reactor comprises a sludge discharge mechanism and a sludge return mechanism, wherein the sludge discharge mechanism is communicated with the sludge hopper, and two ends of the sludge return mechanism are respectively connected with the sludge discharge mechanism and the water inlet mechanism.

7. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A solid-liquid separator is arranged in the inner guide tube, and the solid-liquid separator includes a plurality of guide blocks, and the guide blocks gradually shrink in a downward direction.

8. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 7, characterized in that: A water collecting mechanism is arranged in the inner guide cylinder, and the water collecting mechanism is located above the solid-liquid separator. The water collecting mechanism comprises a water collecting cylinder, and a water passing hole is arranged on the side wall of the water collecting cylinder.

9. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A diversion weir is arranged at the top end of the outer diversion tube, and a plurality of slots serving as the diversion inlet are arranged at the top of the diversion weir.

10. The organic matter degradation reactor for sewage treatment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet mechanism comprises a water inlet pipe arranged at the bottom of the reaction cylinder, the water inlet pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes, and the water outlet holes are arranged downward.

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