Solid hazardous waste treatment equipment

Abstract

The utility model discloses solid hazardous waste treatment equipment, which is mainly suitable for powder solid hazardous waste treatment and comprises a preheating feed pipe, a plasma gasification furnace and a heat exchanger, and a furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace adopts a horizontal venturi structure and comprises a feed section, a first contraction section, a diffusion section, a cylindrical section, a second contraction section and a discharge end. The end face of the feeding section is provided with a feeding pipe connected with a preheating feeding pipe, the top of the feeding section is provided with a plurality of vertical plasma torches in rows, the first contraction section is a pyrolysis gasification section, the outer side of the diffusion section is provided with an oxygen supply pipe communicated with the interior of the furnace body, the cylindrical section is provided with a combustor, the cylindrical section is a secondary combustion section, and the second contraction section is a synthesis gas flow collecting section. The discharging end is connected with the heat exchanger. According to the utility model, waste heat of synthesis gas generated by the plasma gasification furnace is utilized to preheat oxygen in the oxygen supply pipe and powdery solid hazardous waste in the preheating feed pipe, so that the utilization rate of heat energy is improved, and the operation cost is reduced at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of solid hazardous waste treatment, in particular to solid hazardous waste treatment equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of science and technology, the output and types of solid waste are increasing. Hazardous solid waste (hereinafter referred to as solid hazardous waste) is of various types and complex composition. These substances may have dangerous characteristics such as corrosiveness, toxicity, flammability, reactivity or sensitivity, nuclear radioactivity, etc., and must be managed in accordance with strict regulations on the treatment of hazardous waste. If solid hazardous waste is not properly disposed of, it will cause irreversible and huge harm to the ecological environment and human health.

[0003] The harmless treatment of solid hazardous waste is its final destination. At present, the treatment of solid hazardous waste mainly includes safe incineration, sanitary landfill and marine disposal. Among them, incineration is the most effective method of final disposal technology for solid hazardous waste. Through the incineration process of the incinerator, the toxic and harmful organic components in the solid hazardous waste are further eliminated and reduced, and the heat source generated can also be recycled. The incineration method of solid hazardous waste in my country mainly adopts the rotary kiln incineration disposal method, but the rotary kiln combustion cannot completely harmlessly dispose of some organic wastes.

[0004] Plasma melting of solid hazardous waste uses a plasma torch to heat solid hazardous waste to above 1500℃, so that the solid hazardous waste is melted under reducing atmosphere conditions, and the organic components are discharged in the form of flue gas after purification, and the inorganic components are discharged in a harmless glass state, thus achieving complete harmlessness of solid hazardous waste. However, during the operation of the current plasma melting furnace, the heat of the plasma torch is carried away by a large amount of flue gas, resulting in high operating costs. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide a solid hazardous waste treatment device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A solid and hazardous waste treatment device comprises a preheating feed pipe, a plasma gasification furnace, and a heat exchanger connected in sequence;

[0008] The furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace adopts a horizontal Venturi structure, which includes a feed section, a first contraction section, a diffusion section, a cylindrical section, a second contraction section, and a discharge end. A feed pipe connected to a preheating feed pipe is arranged on the end surface of the feed section, a plurality of vertical plasma torches are arranged in a row on the top of the feed section, the first contraction section is a pyrolysis gasification section, an oxygen supply pipe connected to the inside of the furnace body is arranged on the outside of the diffusion section, a burner is arranged on the cylindrical section, the cylindrical section is a secondary combustion section, the second contraction section is a synthesis gas collecting section, and the discharge end is connected to a heat exchanger.

[0009] Furthermore, the outlet end of the feed pipe is a contracted conical opening and extends into the feed section.

[0010] Furthermore, the oxygen supply pipe includes an annular outer tube and an annular inner tube. A pure oxygen inlet pipe passing through the annular outer tube is arranged at the top of the annular inner tube. A plurality of pure oxygen outlet pipes passing through the annular outer tube and extending into the furnace body are evenly arranged on the inner side of the annular inner tube. A first water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the annular outer tube and a first water outlet pipe is arranged at the top.

[0011] Furthermore, the heat exchanger includes a shell and a heat exchange tube arranged in the shell, the heat exchange tube is a spiral structure, the inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to an independently arranged water storage tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the first water inlet pipe.

[0012] Furthermore, a circulating water pump is provided on the pipeline between the inlet of the heat exchange tube and the water storage tank.

[0013] Furthermore, the preheating feed pipe includes a tube body, a heat-conducting shell is provided on the outside of the tube body, a cavity is left between the heat-conducting shell and the tube body, a first water inlet and a first water outlet are provided on the heat-conducting shell, the first water inlet is connected to the first water outlet pipe, and the first water outlet is connected to the water tank through a pipe.

[0014] Furthermore, the burner is a natural gas burner.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat exchanger outlet is connected to a branched pipe, one of the branch pipes is provided with a first valve, the outlet end of the branch pipe is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner, and the other branch pipe is provided with a second valve, the outlet end of the branch pipe is connected to subsequent processing equipment.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects: the solid hazardous waste treatment equipment is mainly suitable for the treatment of powdered solid hazardous waste. A plasma gasification furnace is used to pyrolyze and gasify powdered solid hazardous waste. The synthesis gas produced by pyrolysis and gasification is completely burned in a pure oxygen environment in the cylindrical section, and then the synthesis gas is collected in the second contraction section and sent to the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger uses the waste heat of the flue gas to heat the circulating water sent from the water storage tank. The heated circulating water preheats the oxygen in the oxygen supply pipe and the powdered solid hazardous waste in the preheating feed pipe, thereby improving the thermal energy utilization rate of the equipment and reducing the operating cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model;

[0018] In the figure: 1-plasma gasifier; 2-preheating feed pipe, 201-heat-conducting shell, 202-first water inlet, 203-first water outlet, 3-plasma torch, 4-oxygen supply pipe, 401-annular outer pipe, 402-annular inner pipe, 403-pure oxygen inlet, 404-pure oxygen outlet, 405-first water inlet pipe, 406-first water outlet pipe, 5-burner, 6-heat exchanger, 7-heat exchange pipe, 8-first valve, 9-second valve, 10-water storage tank, 11-circulating water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0020] It should be understood that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0021] It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, they can be fixedly connected or set, or detachably connected or set, or integrally connected or set. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0022] See also Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a solid hazardous waste treatment device, including a preheating feed pipe 2, a plasma gasification furnace 1, and a heat exchanger 6 connected in sequence;

[0023] The furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace 1 adopts a horizontal Venturi structure, which includes a feed section, a first contraction section, a diffusion section, a cylindrical section, a second contraction section, and a discharge end. A feed pipe connected to a preheating feed pipe 2 is arranged on the end face of the feed section, and a plurality of vertical plasma torches 3 are arranged in a row on the top of the feed section. The first contraction section is a pyrolysis gasification section, an oxygen supply pipe 4 connected to the inside of the furnace body is arranged on the outside of the diffusion section, a burner 5 is arranged on the cylindrical section, the cylindrical section is a secondary combustion section, the second contraction section is a synthesis gas collecting section, and the discharge end is connected to a heat exchanger 6.

[0024] The solid hazardous waste treatment equipment of this embodiment is mainly used for powdered solid hazardous waste treatment, and can also be extended to paste and granular hazardous waste treatment. The inlet of the preheating feed pipe 2 is connected to the pneumatic conveying pipeline, and the powdered solid hazardous waste is fed into the preheating feed pipe 2 through the pneumatic conveying pipeline. The burner 5 adopts a natural gas burner. The powdered solid hazardous waste is pyrolyzed and gasified in the furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace 1, and the secondary combustion forms a synthetic gas with small microparticles and enters the heat exchanger 6.

[0025] Specifically, the outlet end of the feed pipe is a contracted conical mouth and extends into the feed section. The oxygen delivery pipe 4 includes an annular outer pipe 401 and an annular inner pipe 402. A pure oxygen inlet pipe 403 passing through the annular outer pipe 401 is arranged at the top of the annular inner pipe 402. A plurality of pure oxygen outlet pipes 404 passing through the annular outer pipe 401 and extending into the furnace body are evenly arranged on the inner side of the annular inner pipe 402. A first water inlet pipe 405 is arranged at the bottom of the annular outer pipe 401, and a first water outlet pipe 406 is arranged at the top thereof. The heat exchanger 6 includes a shell and a heat exchange pipe 7 arranged in the shell. The heat exchange pipe 7 is a spiral structure. The inlet of the heat exchange pipe 7 is connected to an independently arranged water storage tank 10 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange pipe 7 is connected to the first water inlet pipe 405. A circulating water pump 11 is provided on the pipeline between the inlet of the heat exchange tube 7 and the water tank 10; the preheating feed pipe 2 includes a tube body, a heat-conducting outer shell 201 is provided on the outer side of the tube body, a cavity is left between the heat-conducting outer shell 201 and the tube body, a first water inlet 202 and a first water outlet 203 are provided on the heat-conducting outer shell 201, the first water inlet 202 is connected to the first water outlet pipe 406, and the first water outlet 203 is connected to the water tank 10 through a pipeline; the outlet of the heat exchanger 6 is connected to a branched pipeline, one of the branch pipelines is provided with a first valve 8, the gas outlet end of the branch pipeline is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner 5, and a second valve 9 is provided on the other branch pipeline, and the gas outlet end of the branch pipeline is connected to the subsequent processing equipment.

[0026] In this embodiment, the synthesis gas is discharged after cooling in the heat exchanger 6, a part of which is directly sent to the burner 5 as fuel, and the other part is sent to the subsequent treatment equipment for purification. The water in the water storage tank 10 flows through the annular outer tube 401 after being heated by the heat exchanger 6, and preheats the pure oxygen in the annular inner tube 402. The hot water flowing out of the annular outer tube 401 enters the heat-conducting outer shell 201 through the first water inlet 202, and preheats the powdered solid hazardous waste. The preheated powdered solid hazardous waste enters the feeding section.

[0027] Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment, characterized by: It includes a preheating feed pipe, a plasma gasification furnace, and a heat exchanger which are connected in sequence; The furnace body of the plasma gasification furnace adopts a horizontal Venturi structure, which includes a feed section, a first contraction section, a diffusion section, a cylindrical section, a second contraction section, and a discharge end. A feed pipe connected to a preheating feed pipe is arranged on the end surface of the feed section, a plurality of vertical plasma torches are arranged in a row on the top of the feed section, the first contraction section is a pyrolysis gasification section, an oxygen supply pipe connected to the inside of the furnace body is arranged on the outside of the diffusion section, a burner is arranged on the cylindrical section, the cylindrical section is a secondary combustion section, the second contraction section is a synthesis gas collecting section, and the discharge end is connected to a heat exchanger.

2. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet end of the feed pipe is a contracted conical opening and extends into the feed section.

3. The solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply pipe comprises an annular outer pipe and an annular inner pipe. A pure oxygen inlet pipe passing through the annular outer pipe is arranged at the top of the annular inner pipe. A plurality of pure oxygen outlet pipes passing through the annular outer pipe and extending into the furnace body are evenly arranged on the inner side of the annular inner pipe. A first water inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the annular outer pipe and a first water outlet pipe is arranged at the top.

4. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The heat exchanger includes a shell and a heat exchange tube arranged in the shell. The heat exchange tube is a spiral structure. The inlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to an independently arranged water storage tank through a pipeline, and the outlet of the heat exchange tube is connected to the first water inlet pipe.

5. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A circulating water pump is provided on the pipeline between the inlet of the heat exchange tube and the water storage tank.

6. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The preheating feed pipe includes a tube body, a heat-conducting shell is arranged outside the tube body, a cavity is left between the heat-conducting shell and the tube body, a first water inlet and a first water outlet are arranged on the heat-conducting shell, the first water inlet is connected to the first water outlet pipe, and the first water outlet is connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

7. The solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The burner adopts natural gas burner.

8. A solid and hazardous waste treatment equipment as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchanger outlet is connected to a branched pipeline, one of which is provided with a first valve, and the gas outlet end of the branch pipeline is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner, and the other branch pipeline is provided with a second valve, and the gas outlet end of the branch pipeline is connected to subsequent processing equipment.

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