Efficient earth cutting and dust falling device
By installing a water supply and a sprayer on the excavator, and using atomizing head and spray head to combine dust reduction devices, the dust problem during excavator construction is solved, and a safe, economical and efficient dust reduction effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420897874.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-28
AI Technical Summary
Existing excavators are prone to dust during construction, resulting in air pollution. Existing dust reduction measures such as artificial water spray and fog cannon trucks have safety hazards and high costs, and they cannot flexibly follow the shovel head.
An efficient excavation and dust reduction device is designed, including installing a water supply and a sprayer on the excavator. The sprayer consists of atomizing head and a sprayer. The sprayer is adjusted through the transmission assembly and the water consumption, according to the bucket. The working state controls the working state of the spray head and atomizing head to ensure dust reduction effect.
It effectively reduces dust, optimizes the performance of the excavator, saves water resources, reduces dust reduction costs, and improves the spray performance of the spray head, ensuring safety and flexibility.
Smart Images
Figure CN222275597U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of excavators, in particular to a high-efficiency soil excavation and dust reduction device. Background Art
[0002] Excavators and loaders are important mechanical tools used for digging earth and leveling terrain at construction sites. However, excavators and loaders have simple and single functions and are prone to generate dust, which affects the health of operators and pollutes the local air.
[0003] As people's requirements for the environment continue to increase and the national and local governments' requirements for strict environmental management are increasing, construction sites are often required to stop earthwork operations before winter. At this time, the site has more and more requirements for its use functions.
[0004] The shovel head of the excavator in the prior art is only used for excavating earth, which causes serious dust and air pollution on site. Manual water spraying or a fog cannon truck is often used to cooperate with the work, which increases the cost. In addition, manual water spraying also has certain safety hazards. The spray range produced by the fog cannon truck is fixed and cannot be flexibly changed with the shovel head of the excavator. It will also affect the sight of the excavator driver, which also poses a safety hazard.
[0005] Therefore, there is a technical problem in the prior art that the excavator cannot reduce dust. Summary of the invention
[0006] The utility model provides a high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device, which solves the technical problem that the excavator cannot reduce dust in the prior art.
[0007] Some implementation plans adopted to solve the above technical problems include:
[0008] An efficient excavation and dust reduction device comprises an excavator, wherein the excavator is provided with a dust reduction component;
[0009] The excavator comprises a main body, the main body is provided with a rear arm, the rear arm is provided with a forearm, and the forearm is provided with a bucket;
[0010] The dust suppression assembly includes a water supply device installed on the main body, and a sprinkler installed on one end of the forearm close to the bucket, wherein the water supply device includes a water tank and a water pump installed on the water tank, the water pump supplies water to the sprinkler through a water supply pipe, and the water supply device also includes a power regulator for regulating the power of the water pump, and the power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump;
[0011] The sprayer comprises a continuously operating atomizing head and an intermittently operating shower head, the water supply pipe supplies water to the atomizing head and the shower head respectively through independent branch water pipes, and a control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe and the branch water pipe connected to the shower head;
[0012] The spray head sprays obliquely upward, the atomizing head sprays obliquely downward, the spray head is rotatably connected to the forearm, and the bucket adjusts the spray range of the spray head by controlling the spray direction of the spray head.
[0013] Preferably, the bucket controls the spraying direction of the sprinkler head through a transmission assembly.
[0014] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes a slip ring slidably connected to the forearm, the slip ring is provided with an extension rod, the bucket pushes the slip ring to move through the extension rod, and the sprinkler head includes a frame mounted on the forearm and a sprinkler head assembly rotatably connected to the forearm, wherein the sprinkler head assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring is provided with a rack meshing with the gear.
[0015] Preferably, the nozzle assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm, the rack is evenly distributed on the slip ring, the rack and the slip ring are an integrated structure, the extension rod and the slip ring are an integrated structure, the end of the extension rod in contact with the bucket has a spherical portion, and the spherical portion and the extension rod are an integrated structure.
[0016] Preferably, the forearm is further provided with a positioning ring, and a spring is provided between the positioning ring and the sliding ring to push the sliding ring to move toward the direction close to the bucket.
[0017] Preferably, one end of the spring is fixed to the positioning ring, and the other end of the spring is fixed to the slip ring, and the slip ring is located between the positioning ring and the bucket.
[0018] Preferably, the control valve is mounted on the forearm, and the control valve is controlled by the slip ring.
[0019] Preferably, the atomizing head is located between the spray head and the bucket, and the atomizing heads are evenly distributed around the forearm.
[0020] Preferably, the forearm is further provided with a protective cover, and the protective cover is located between the atomizing head and the spray head, and a part of the atomizing head and a part of the spray head are both located between the protective cover and the forearm.
[0021] Preferably, the main body is provided with a cab, the water supplier is located on the side of the cab away from the bucket, the water supplier is fixed to the main body by threads, the water supply pipe is clamped to the forearm and the rear arm, and the forearm and the rear arm are both fixed with a clamp.
[0022] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:
[0023] 1. By setting a water supply device on the main body and a sprinkler at one end of the forearm close to the bucket, during the construction process, the sprinkler is used to spray water in the direction of the bucket, which can effectively play a dust reduction function. At the same time, since the water supply device and the sprinkler are both set on the main body and the front wall, the sprinkler moves together with the bucket during the displacement of the bucket, so that it can follow the bucket to reduce dust, thereby optimizing the performance of the excavator.
[0024] 2. By setting up the atomizer head and the sprinkler head, during the excavation process, the bucket will generate a lot of dust when it comes into contact with the medium. At this time, the sprinkler head and the atomizer head work at the same time, and the sprinkler has better dust reduction performance. When the bucket transfers the medium, since it only transfers the medium to another location and does not need to perform excavation operations, the dust at this time is small, and the atomizer head alone can meet the dust reduction requirements. The working state of the sprinkler head is controlled according to the working state of the bucket. The sprinkler head does not need to work continuously, which reduces the water consumption during the dust reduction process and saves resources.
[0025] 3. By making the sprinkler head spray water obliquely upward, the water sprayed from the sprinkler head presents a parabolic trajectory, which is relative to the sprinkler head spraying water obliquely downward, so that the sprinkler head has a larger water spraying range and optimizes the spraying performance of the sprinkler head.
[0026] 4. By rotating the sprinkler head connected to the forearm, the sprinkler head's spraying direction can be adjusted, so that the sprinkler head's water spraying angle can be adjusted according to the different angles of the bucket relative to the ground, so that the water sprayed by the sprinkler head can be effectively sprayed to the position where dust is generated around the shovel head, greatly optimizing the dust reduction performance of the sprinkler head.
[0027] 5. By setting up an atomizing head, the bucket can use an atomizing nozzle to reduce dust when transferring the medium, saving water resources and reducing dust reduction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0028] For the purpose of explanation, several embodiments of the present utility model technology are described in the following drawings. The following drawings are incorporated into this text and constitute a part of the specific embodiment. In some cases, well-known structures and components are shown in block diagram form to avoid blurring the concept of the present utility model subject technology.
[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the utility model.
[0030] Figure 2 This is the main view of the utility model. For the convenience of illustration, Figure 1 , Figure 2 Only the position of the sprinkler is shown, and the details of the sprinkler are not shown.
[0031] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first angle of installation of the sprinkler on the forearm.
[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the second angle of installation of the sprinkler on the forearm.
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component at the first angle.
[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the transmission component at a second angle.
[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a sprinkler head.
[0036] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the setting position of the frame.
[0037] In the figure:
[0038] 1. Excavator, 11. Main body, 12. Rear arm, 13. Front arm, 14. Bucket, 15. Cab.
[0039] 2. Dust suppression assembly, 21. Water supply device, 22. Sprinkler, 221. Atomizing head, 222. Sprinkler head, 23. Water supply pipe, 24. Transmission assembly, 241. Slip ring, 242. Extension rod, 243. Frame, 244. Rack, 245. Positioning ring, 246. Spring, 25. Protective cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0040] The specific embodiments shown below are intended to be descriptions of various configurations of the subject technology of the present invention, and are not intended to represent the only configuration in which the subject technology of the present invention can be practiced. The specific embodiments include specific details intended to provide a thorough understanding of the subject technology of the present invention. However, it will be clear and obvious to those skilled in the art that the subject technology of the present invention is not limited to the specific details shown herein, and can be practiced without these specific details.
[0041] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a highly efficient excavation and dust reduction device comprises an excavator 1, wherein the excavator 1 is provided with a dust reduction component 2;
[0042] The excavator 1 includes a main body 11, the main body 11 is provided with a rear arm 12, the rear arm 12 is provided with a forearm 13, and the forearm 13 is provided with a bucket 14; the main body 11 is rotatably connected to the rear arm 12, the forearm 13 is rotatably connected to the rear arm 12, and the bucket 14 is rotatably connected to the forearm 13. The main body 11 also includes other equipment, such as a hydraulic system for realizing the operation of the bucket 14.
[0043] The dust suppression assembly 2 includes a water supply device 21 installed on the main body 11, and a sprinkler 22 installed on one end of the forearm 13 close to the bucket 14, wherein the water supply device 21 includes a water tank and a water pump installed on the water tank, the water pump supplies water to the sprinkler 22 through a water supply pipe 23, and the water supply device 21 also includes a power regulator for regulating the power of the water pump, and the power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump; the water pump and the power regulator can be powered by the battery of the main body 11, or can be powered by an independent battery;
[0044] The sprayer 22 includes a continuously working atomizing head 221 and an intermittently working shower head 222. The water supply pipe 23 supplies water to the atomizing head 221 and the shower head 222 through independent branch water pipes. A control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe 23 and the branch water pipe connected to the shower head 222.
[0045] The spray head 222 sprays obliquely upward, and the atomizing head 221 sprays obliquely downward. The spray head 222 is rotatably connected to the forearm 13, and the bucket 14 adjusts the spray range of the spray head 222 by controlling the spray direction of the spray head 222.
[0046] wherein determining the working state of the bucket 14, the working state of the bucket 14 includes an excavation state and a transfer state, when the mouth of the bucket 14 is in a horizontal state, the working state of the bucket 14 is the transfer state, and when the mouth of the bucket 14 is in a non-horizontal state, the working state of the bucket 14 is the excavation state;
[0047] Whether the control valve is open is determined according to the working state of the bucket 14. When the bucket 14 is in the excavation state, the control valve is opened, and the atomizing head 221 and the spraying head 222 work simultaneously to reduce dust. When the bucket 14 is in the transfer state, the control valve is closed, the atomizing head 221 continues to work, and the spraying head 222 stops working.
[0048] In this specification, the opening of the bucket 14 is in a horizontal state, which means that the plane where the opening of the bucket 14 is located is approximately in a horizontal state, that is, the plane where the opening of the bucket 14 is located can have a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the angle between the plane where the opening of the bucket 14 is located and the horizontal plane is not specifically limited, and the standard is that the medium in the bucket 14 will not fall. The medium in the bucket 14 is usually soil, gravel, etc.
[0049] The transfer state of the bucket 14 refers to transferring soil and gravel from a first position to a second position, and the first position and the second position do not overlap. For example, the first position may be a target position for excavation, and the second position may be a loading position, or a stacking position, etc.
[0050] The technical solution of the utility model is further introduced in conjunction with the operation of the excavator 1. During the operation of the excavator 1, when the bucket 14 scoops up the medium, the bucket 14 is in direct contact with the medium and breaks the original stability of the medium. At this time, a large amount of vibration and noise will be generated. Due to the formation of vibration and noise, the dust in the medium will be lifted or the medium will generate dust. In this state, the sprinkler 22 is required to effectively reduce the dust, that is, the sprinkler 22 needs to reduce the dust as much as possible during the excavation process. At this time, the sprinkler head 222 and the atomizing head 221 should work at the same time to optimize the dust reduction effect.
[0051] After the excavator 1 digs up the medium, it is necessary to transfer the medium in the bucket 14 to the target position. During this process, no vibration or noise will be generated between the bucket 14 and the medium, and only the medium in the bucket 14 is accumulated in the bucket 14. At this time, there is no need to perform dust reduction, or only the atomizing head 221 is needed to perform dust reduction to meet the demand. Therefore, the spray head 222 does not need to work during this process to save water resources.
[0052] Therefore, as the excavator 1 works, the sprinkler head 222 has the characteristic of intermittent operation. However, the use of non-mechanical control methods such as electronic components to control the intermittent operation of the sprinkler head 222 requires the related electronic components to frequently switch states, which may cause damage to the electronic components or require frequent maintenance of the electronic components. Using a mechanical structure to control the working state of the sprinkler head 222 can simplify the structure of the dust reduction component 2 and make the dust reduction component 2 not require frequent maintenance. For this reason:
[0053] Reference Figures 3 to 8 As shown, in some embodiments, the bucket 14 controls the spraying direction of the spray head 222 through the transmission assembly 24 .
[0054] The transmission assembly 24 includes a slip ring 241 slidably connected to the forearm 13. The cross-sectional shapes of the forearm 13 and the rear arm 12 are generally rectangular, and the shape of the slip ring 241 is also rectangular. The slip ring 241 is provided with an extension rod 242, and the bucket 14 pushes the slip ring 241 to move through the extension rod 242. The sprinkler head 222 includes a frame 243 installed on the forearm 13 and a sprinkler head assembly rotatably connected to the forearm 13, wherein the sprinkler head assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring 241 is provided with a rack 244 meshing with the gear.
[0055] During operation, the shovel head needs to rotate relative to the forearm 13 to realize the operation of the forearm 13. When the extension rod 242 contacts the bucket 14 and the bucket 14 and the forearm 13 have different angles, the interference between the bucket 14 and the extension rod 242 is different. At this time, the extension rod 242 drives the sliding ring 241 to move along the forearm 13 with different amplitudes, thereby realizing the bucket 14 driving the sliding ring 241 to move through the extension rod 242.
[0056] During the displacement of the slip ring 241 , the rack 244 meshes with the gear, and the linear motion of the rack 244 is converted into the circular motion of the gear, and then the gear drives the spray head assembly to rotate, and the spray head 222 sprays water in the direction.
[0057] The nozzle assembly may include a pipe joint, and the pipe joint may be fixed to the frame 243. The nozzle assembly may also include a pipe body, and the pipe body is provided with a nozzle device. The branch water pipe supplies water to the nozzle device through the pipe body.
[0058] The branch water pipe can be a hose. Since the displacement mode of the rack 244 is reciprocating motion and the displacement amplitude is not large, when the branch water pipe is a hose, the deformation of the hose can satisfy the forward and reverse rotation movement of the pipe body.
[0059] When the branch water pipe is not a hose, the branch water pipe can be connected to the pipe body through a rotary joint, the pipe body can rotate relative to the rotary joint, and there is a sealing property between the pipe body and the rotary joint.
[0060] The specific structure of the branch water pipe is not limited and can be reasonably determined as needed. The frame 243 can be welded to the forearm 13, the frame 243 can also be fixed to the forearm 13 by threads, and the pipe joint can be fixed to the frame 243 by threads. The threaded connection in this specification includes screw connection, screw connection, etc.
[0061] Reference Figures 3 to 8As shown, in some embodiments, the nozzle assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm 13, the slip ring 241 is evenly distributed with the rack 244, the rack 244 and the slip ring 241 are an integral structure, the extension rod 242 and the slip ring 241 are an integral structure, the end of the extension rod 242 that contacts the bucket 14 has a spherical portion, and the spherical portion and the extension rod 242 are an integral structure.
[0062] The forearm 13 is also provided with a positioning ring 245, and a spring 246 is provided between the positioning ring 245 and the slip ring 241 to push the slip ring 241 to move toward the bucket 14. The positioning ring 245 can be an integral structure with the forearm 13, and the positioning ring 245 can also be fixed to the forearm 13 by a detachable or non-detachable connection. The setting of the spring 246 is mainly used to enable the slip ring 241 to move toward the bucket 14 in time. Usually, the slip ring 241 will automatically move toward the bucket 14 under the action of its own gravity. Then, by setting the spring 246, the displacement of the slip ring 241 has a higher precision. Since the position of the slip ring 241 indirectly controls the spraying direction of the sprinkler head 222, the slip ring 241 should have a higher displacement precision. By setting the spring 246, the displacement precision of the slip ring 241 can be improved.
[0063] One end of the spring 246 is fixed to the positioning ring 245 , and the other end of the spring 246 is fixed to the slip ring 241 . The slip ring 241 is located between the positioning ring 245 and the bucket 14 .
[0064] In some embodiments, the control valve is mounted on the forearm 13, and the control valve is controlled by the slip ring 241. For example, the control valve can be fixed to the forearm 13 by threads.
[0065] The control valve may adopt a touch-triggered valve body. When the bucket 14 rotates to a specific angle, the bucket 14 pushes the slip ring 241 to move to a certain position through the extension rod 242. The slip ring 241 triggers the control valve at this position to close the control valve, thereby closing the sprinkler head 222.
[0066] When the bucket 14 transfers the medium, its angle is usually within a certain range. Therefore, the use of this solution can meet the control operation of the control valve and does not require the installation of electronic components. The excavator 1 and the dust reduction component 2 are easy to maintain.
[0067] The control valve may include a trigger rod, which may have a larger trigger range, that is, the control valve may be opened or closed by moving the trigger rod within a certain distance, thereby compensating for the angle error of the bucket 14 when transferring the medium, so that the control valve can be closed correctly.
[0068] Reference Figures 3 to 8As shown, in some embodiments, the atomizing head 221 is located between the spray head 222 and the bucket 14, and the atomizing head 221 is evenly distributed around the forearm 13. The atomizing head 221 can also be fixed to the forearm 13 by a bracket.
[0069] In some embodiments, the forearm 13 is further provided with a protective cover 25 , and the protective cover 25 is located between the atomizing head 221 and the spray head 222 , and a portion of the atomizing head 221 and a portion of the spray head 222 are both located between the protective cover 25 and the forearm 13 .
[0070] The protective cover 25 can be fixed to the forearm 13 by screws. The protective cover 25 may include an upper cavity and a lower cavity. A portion of the spray head 222 is located in the upper cavity, and the side wall of the upper cavity will not interfere with the water sprayed by the spray head 222. A portion of the atomizing head 221 is located in the lower cavity.
[0071] The protective cover 25 is mainly used to protect the spray head 222 and the atomizing head 221 to prevent the spray head 222 and the atomizing head 221 from being damaged by gravel.
[0072] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments, the main body 11 is provided with a cab 15, the water supplier 21 is located on the side of the cab 15 away from the bucket 14, the water supplier 21 is fixed to the main body 11 by threads, the water supply pipe 23 is clamped to the front arm 13 and the rear arm 12, and the front arm 13 and the rear arm 12 are both fixed with a clamp.
[0073] The control switch of the water pump and the regulating switch of the power regulator are both located in the cab 15 for the convenience of the operator.
[0074] The above introduces the subject technical solution of the utility model and the corresponding details. It can be understood that the above introduction is only some implementation plans of the subject technical solution of the utility model, and some details can be omitted during the specific implementation.
[0075] In addition, in some embodiments of the above utility model, multiple embodiments may be implemented in combination, and various combination schemes are not listed one by one due to space limitations. Those skilled in the art can freely combine and implement the above embodiments according to needs during specific implementation to obtain a better application experience.
[0076] When implementing the subject technical solution of the utility model, those skilled in the art can obtain other detailed configurations or drawings according to the subject technical solution of the utility model and the drawings. Obviously, these details still fall within the scope covered by the subject technical solution of the utility model without departing from the subject technical solution of the utility model.
Claims
1. An efficient excavation dust reduction device, characterized in that: The invention comprises an excavator (1), wherein the excavator (1) is provided with a dust suppression component (2); the excavator (1) comprises a main body (11), the main body (11) is provided with a rear arm (12), the rear arm (12) is provided with a front arm (13), and the front arm (13) is provided with a bucket (14); the dust suppression component (2) comprises a water supply device (21) installed on the main body (11), and a sprayer (22) installed on one end of the front arm (13) close to the bucket (14), wherein the water supply device (21) comprises a water tank and a water pump installed on the water tank, the water pump supplies water to the sprayer (22) through a water supply pipe (23), and the water supply device (21) also comprises a power regulating device for regulating the power of the water pump. The power regulator is electrically connected to the water pump; the sprinkler (22) comprises a continuously operating atomizing head (221) and an intermittently operating shower head (222); the water supply pipe (23) supplies water to the atomizing head (221) and the shower head (222) respectively through independent branch water pipes; a control valve is connected in series between the water supply pipe (23) and the branch water pipe connected to the shower head (222); the shower head (222) sprays obliquely upward, the atomizing head (221) sprays obliquely downward, the shower head (222) is rotatably connected to the forearm (13), and the bucket (14) adjusts the spray range of the shower head (222) by controlling the spray direction of the shower head (222).
2. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bucket (14) controls the spraying direction of the spray head (222) through a transmission assembly (24).
3. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The transmission assembly (24) comprises a slip ring (241) slidably connected to the forearm (13), the slip ring (241) being provided with an extension rod (242), the bucket (14) pushing the slip ring (241) to move via the extension rod (242), the spray head (222) comprising a frame (243) mounted on the forearm (13) and a spray head assembly rotatably connected to the forearm (13), wherein the spray head assembly is provided with a gear, and the slip ring (241) is provided with a rack (244) meshing with the gear.
4. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The spray head assembly is evenly distributed around the forearm (13); the rack (244) is evenly distributed on the slip ring (241); the rack (244) and the slip ring (241) are an integral structure; the extension rod (242) and the slip ring (241) are an integral structure; the end of the extension rod (242) in contact with the bucket (14) has a spherical portion; the spherical portion and the extension rod (242) are an integral structure.
5. The high-efficiency excavation and dust reduction device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The forearm (13) is further provided with a positioning ring (245), and a spring (246) is provided between the positioning ring (245) and the slip ring (241) for pushing the slip ring (241) to move in a direction close to the bucket (14).
6. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: One end of the spring (246) is fixed to the positioning ring (245), and the other end of the spring (246) is fixed to the slip ring (241); the slip ring (241) is located between the positioning ring (245) and the bucket (14).
7. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control valve is mounted on the forearm (13), and the control valve is controlled by the slip ring (241).
8. The high-efficiency excavation dust reduction device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The atomizing head (221) is located between the spray head (222) and the bucket (14), and the atomizing heads (221) are evenly distributed around the forearm (13).
9. The high-efficiency excavation and dust reduction device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The forearm (13) is further provided with a protective cover (25), the protective cover (25) being located between the atomizing head (221) and the shower head (222), and a portion of the atomizing head (221) and a portion of the shower head (222) being located between the protective cover (25) and the forearm (13).
10. The high-efficiency excavation and dust reduction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (11) is provided with a cab (15), the water supply device (21) is located on a side of the cab (15) away from the bucket (14), the water supply device (21) is fixed to the main body (11) by means of threads, the water supply pipe (23) is clamped to the front arm (13) and the rear arm (12), and the front arm (13) and the rear arm (12) are both fixed with a clamp.