Underground milling tool
The downhole grinding and milling tool with a detachable marker and RFID tag addresses the issue of wear determination, enhancing drilling efficiency and safety by providing precise wear assessment and gas detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421173236.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-27
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-31
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-27
AI Technical Summary
Existing milling tools in oil and gas mining lack accurate methods to determine wear, leading to inefficient and costly drilling operations due to premature or late tool replacements.
A downhole grinding and milling tool with a detachable marker and radio frequency identification tag that indicates wear through a flow channel, allowing for precise determination of tool condition and safety monitoring.
Enables timely and accurate assessment of tool wear, improving drilling efficiency and safety by providing reliable information for replacement and detecting hazardous gases, thus reducing costs and enhancing operational safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN222276630U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of oil and gas mining equipment, and in particular relates to a downhole grinding and milling tool. Background Art
[0002] Milling tools are tools that use carbide or wear-resistant materials on the bottom surface to grind downhole objects, pipe strings, and other target objects. As the grinding process progresses, the effectiveness of the milling tool decreases. When the milling tool profile wears to a certain extent, the technician must remove the milling tool from the well and replace it. However, it is difficult for ground technicians to accurately know when and to what extent the wear occurs. Usually, the replacement of milling tools depends mainly on the technician's experience. The technician must estimate the amount of wear of the milling tool based on the operation time, tool weight, type of downhole structure being operated, cuttings found in the drilling fluid, or gradual changes in the torque of the working pipe string. None of these parameters can accurately indicate the specific state of wear of the working profile. The judgment of replacing the milling tool based on the technician's experience may not be accurate, which may lead to the tool being lowered too early or too late, which will increase unnecessary tripping, reduce downhole operation efficiency, and increase drilling time and cost.
[0003] Therefore, how to improve grinding and milling tools so that workers can know their degree of wear in a timely and accurate manner has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Utility Model Content
[0004] Aiming at solving some or all of the problems in the prior art, the utility model provides a downhole grinding and milling tool.
[0005] The downhole milling tool comprises:
[0006] A first body, configured to have a columnar outer contour, wherein a first flow channel is longitudinally disposed inside the first body;
[0007] The second body comprises a grinding matrix connected to and arranged below the first body, and a plurality of marking bodies arranged inside the grinding matrix, wherein a second flow channel which is configured to communicate with the first flow channel is longitudinally arranged inside the grinding matrix,
[0008] The second body is configured to grind the grinding target in response to the rotation of the first body, and the marking body is configured to be detached from the grinding matrix and carried to the ground by the drilling fluid after the grinding matrix is worn to a certain extent, so as to convey the specific wear condition of the grinding matrix.
[0009] As an extension of the above technical solution, the present invention also provides the following embodiments:
[0010] The marking body comprises an intermediate body and an outer shell configured to surround the intermediate body therein, and a radio frequency identification tag containing position information of the marking body inside the grinding matrix is arranged in the intermediate body.
[0011] Lead acetate test paper is arranged in the intermediate.
[0012] The outer shell is made of expandable material.
[0013] The expandable material is foamed polystyrene.
[0014] Different numbers are arranged on the marking bodies at different positions in the grinding matrix.
[0015] The grinding matrix is made of cemented carbide particles by surfacing.
[0016] The first body includes a first portion and a second portion connected and arranged below the first portion, wherein the second portion has an outer diameter greater than that of the first portion.
[0017] The second portion includes a chamfered section having an angle of inclination from top to bottom in a direction from the middle to both sides, and the chamfered section is configured to be connected to the first portion.
[0018] A cut-off surface thread for connecting with a rotating assembly located above is arranged at the upper end of the first part.
[0019] The advantages of the utility model compared to the prior art are:
[0020] Firstly, by setting a marker in the grinding matrix that can be detached when the grinding matrix is worn to a certain extent, the staff can quickly and accurately judge the wear state of the downhole grinding and milling tool, providing reliable information for whether to replace the downhole grinding and milling tool, thereby making the drilling operation more accurate, improving the efficiency of downhole operations, and reducing the cost of drilling;
[0021] Secondly, lead acetate test paper is placed inside the marker, so that downhole milling tools can be used to detect whether there is hydrogen sulfide in the formation. This enables workers to understand the downhole gas environment in a timely manner and take corresponding safety measures in advance, which helps to improve the overall safety of drilling operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a downhole milling tool according to the utility model;
[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the downhole milling tool according to the utility model;
[0024] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a marking body according to the utility model;
[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the horizontal cross-section structure of the second body in the downhole milling tool according to the utility model.
[0026] All drawings in the present invention are schematic diagrams for illustrating structures and principles, and are not necessarily drawn according to actual sizes and proportions.
[0027] The specific meanings of the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:
[0028] 1. First body; 11. First flow channel; 12. First part; 121. Cutting surface thread; 13. Second part; 131. Chamfered section; 2. Second body; 21. Grinding matrix; 22. Marking body; 221. Intermediate body; 2211. Radio frequency identification tag; 2212. Lead acetate test paper; 222. Outer shell; 23. Second flow channel; 3. Grinding target; 4. Ground; 5. Rotating assembly; 6. Drill string; 7. Wellbore; 71. Wellbore annulus; 100. Downhole milling tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a downhole milling tool 100 according to the utility model. As shown in the figure, the downhole milling tool 100 includes a first body 1 and a second body 2. The first body 1 is configured to have a columnar outer profile, and a first flow channel 11 is longitudinally penetrated inside the first body 1. The second body 2 includes a grinding matrix 21, a marking body 22 and a second flow channel 23. The grinding matrix 21 is fixedly connected and arranged below the first body 1. There are several marking bodies 22, which are dispersedly arranged at different positions inside the grinding matrix 21 according to actual production conditions, and the marking body 22 is configured to carry information such as its specific position and setting depth in the grinding matrix 21. The second flow channel 23 is longitudinally penetrated inside the grinding matrix 21 and is configured to be connected to the first flow channel 11. Furthermore, the second body 2 is configured to rotate along with the rotation of the first body 1 so as to grind the grinding target 3 thereunder, and the marking body 22 is configured to be able to separate from the grinding matrix 21 and be carried to the ground by the drilling fluid after the grinding matrix 21 is worn to a certain extent, so as to convey the specific wear condition of the grinding matrix 21 to the staff.
[0031] During the specific operation, the staff connects the rotating assembly 5 below the drill string 6, and connects the downhole milling tool 100 below the rotating assembly 5, and lowers the downhole milling tool 100 into the appropriate position in the wellbore 7 by lowering the drill string 6 to grind the grinding target 3 in the well. During the grinding operation, the drilling fluid flows from the ground 4 into the inside of the drill string 6 and the rotating assembly 5, and flows downward through the first flow channel 11 and the second flow channel 23 in sequence. After flowing out of the second flow channel 23, it carries the grinding products and flows into the wellbore annulus 71 between the downhole milling tool 100 and the inner wall of the wellbore 7 through the gap between the grinding matrix 21 and the grinding target 3, and finally flows from the wellbore annulus 71 to the ground 4 again, so as to circulate after corresponding treatment. When the wear of the grinding matrix 21 due to the grinding operation reaches a certain degree, the marker 22 set inside the grinding matrix 21 is converted from the initial hidden state to the exposed state. Under the mechanical force of the grinding operation and the flushing of the drilling fluid, the marker 22 is separated from the grinding matrix 21 and carried to the ground 4 along with the circulating drilling fluid. The staff on the ground 4 can find the marker 22 carried to the ground 4 by the drilling fluid by visual inspection or instrument detection. Since the marker 22 is constructed to carry information such as its specific position and setting depth in the grinding matrix 21, the staff can determine the specific wear position and wear condition of the grinding matrix 21 by reading the information carried on the marker 22, and can make a decision whether to replace the tool after judgment.
[0032] This design allows staff to quickly and accurately determine the wear status of the downhole milling tool 100, providing reliable information for whether the downhole milling tool 100 needs to be replaced, thereby making the drilling operation more accurate, improving the efficiency of downhole operations, and reducing the cost of drilling operations.
[0033] like Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the marker 22 includes an intermediate body 221 and an outer shell 222. The intermediate body 221 and the outer shell 222 are both constructed as a box-shaped structure with a cavity inside. The outer shell 222 is constructed to surround the intermediate body 221 inside, and a radio frequency identification tag 2211 is arranged inside the intermediate body 221. The radio frequency identification tag 2211 contains information about the position of the marker 22 inside the grinding matrix 21, and the information can be identified by a card reader on the ground 4. Through this design, after obtaining the marker 22 carried by the drilling fluid, the staff can read the information on the radio frequency identification tag 2211 arranged inside the intermediate body 221 through the card reader to accurately determine the initial position of the marker 22 in the grinding matrix 21, and then the wear position and block loss of the grinding matrix 21 can be obtained, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of identifying the information contained in the marker 22 and making corresponding judgments, and generally improving the work efficiency and automation level of the drilling operation.
[0034] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, a lead acetate test paper 2212 is arranged inside the intermediate body 221. The lead acetate test paper 2212 will turn black when encountering hydrogen sulfide gas or a liquid dissolved with hydrogen sulfide gas. Through this design, the staff can judge whether there is hydrogen sulfide gas in the underground environment by observing the color change of the lead acetate test paper 2212 inside the intermediate body 221. Since hydrogen sulfide gas is highly toxic, through the design of this embodiment, the staff can timely understand the underground gas environment, and after testing that there is hydrogen sulfide gas in the well, it is possible to stop drilling in advance, take protective measures and other safety behaviors, thereby greatly improving the safety of underground operations.
[0035] like Figure 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the intermediate body 221 is constructed to have two mutually isolated cavities inside, which are respectively used to place the RFID tag 2211 and the lead acetate test paper 2212. Among them, the cavity for placing the RFID tag 2211 is constructed to be a closed structure when underground and can be manually opened when above the well, so as to ensure that the staff can obtain the RFID tag 2211 while preventing the drilling fluid from contacting and damaging the RFID tag 2211. The cavity for placing the lead acetate test paper 2212 is constructed to have a gap that allows gas or liquid in the outside to enter, so as to realize the testing function of the lead acetate test paper 2212.
[0036] In some embodiments of the present invention, the outer shell 222 is made of expandable material. The expandable material has properties such as acid resistance and mud corrosion resistance, and can prevent or delay the damage of the intermediate body 221 due to chemical corrosion in the well, thereby helping to achieve the intermediate body 221 being placed in the well for a long time while maintaining a stable state, thereby improving the durability and applicable range of the downhole milling tool 100.
[0037] Preferably, the expandable material is expanded polystyrene.
[0038] In some embodiments of the utility model, different numbers are set on the outer surface of the intermediate body 221 of the marker body 22 at different positions in the grinding matrix 21. The outer shell 222 of the marker body 22 will be damaged under the action of mechanical forces such as wear, so the part of the marker body 22 that returns to the well with the drilling fluid is mainly the intermediate body 221. During the manufacturing and processing of the downhole milling tool 100, the staff will record the information such as the depth and position of different marker bodies 22 in the grinding matrix 21. In combination with the design of this embodiment, the ground staff can judge the wear position and wear condition of the grinding matrix 21 by observing the number on the salvaged intermediate body 221 and combining the recorded information such as the depth and position of different marker bodies 22 in the grinding matrix 21, thereby providing another way for the staff to judge the wear. Combining with the card reader recognition method, a "double insurance" wear information judgment method is formed, which avoids the situation where the wear information cannot be obtained when the radio frequency identification tag 2211 fails.
[0039] Preferably, in order to improve the clarity and damage resistance of the markings, the markings on the outer surface of the intermediate body 221 are steel-printed markings.
[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the grinding matrix 21 is made of cemented carbide particles by surfacing. This design helps to improve the grinding effect of the grinding matrix 21.
[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments of the utility model, the first body 1 includes a first part 12 and a second part 13. The second part 13 is connected and arranged below the first part 12, and the second part 13 has a larger outer diameter than the first part 12. Since the upper part of the first body 1 is connected to the rotating assembly 5 during operation, and the lower part of the first body 1 is connected to the second body 2, this design in this embodiment connects the thinner first part 12 in the first body 1 to the rotating assembly 5, and connects the thicker second part 13 in the first body 1 to the second body 2. The second body 2 connected to the lower part of the first body 1 may have a larger cross-sectional area, thereby enhancing the grinding effect of the downhole milling tool 100. In addition, since the outer diameter of the first part 12 is smaller, the manufacturing material is saved, which has better economy.
[0042] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second part 13 includes a chamfered section 131. The chamfered section 131 is configured to have an angle inclined from top to bottom in the direction from the middle to both sides, and the chamfered section 131 is configured to be connected to the first part 12. Through this design, the first part 12 and the second part 13 are connected with the smooth chamfered section 131 as a transition section, which reduces the number of sharp edges and corners in the outer profile of the downhole milling tool 100, and helps to improve the safety of downhole operations.
[0043] like Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a cutting surface thread 121 is provided at the upper end of the first part 12. The provision of the cutting surface thread 121 enables the first part 12 to be reliably connected to the rotating assembly 5 located above it.
[0044] According to the downhole milling tool 100 of the utility model, by setting a marker 22 in the grinding matrix 21 that can be detached when the grinding matrix 21 is worn to a certain extent, the staff can quickly and accurately judge the wear state of the downhole milling tool 100, and provide reliable information for whether the downhole milling tool 100 needs to be replaced, so that the drilling operation can be more accurate, the efficiency of the downhole operation is improved, and the cost of drilling is reduced. In addition, lead acetate test paper is placed in the marker 22, so that the downhole milling tool 100 can also be used to detect whether there is hydrogen sulfide gas in the formation, so that the staff can understand the downhole gas environment in time and make corresponding safety preparations in advance, which helps to improve the safety of drilling operations.
[0045] In the present invention, "several" includes the natural number "1".
[0046] In the present invention, the specific meanings of the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "middle", "side" and the like when indicating directions are as follows: Figure 1 The drawing state of the downhole milling tool 100 is used as a reference.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, various improvements may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A downhole milling tool, characterized in that: include: A first body (1) is configured to have a columnar outer profile, and a first flow channel (11) is longitudinally arranged inside the first body (1); The second body (2) comprises a grinding matrix (21) connected to and arranged below the first body (1), and a plurality of marking bodies (22) arranged inside the grinding matrix (21), wherein a second flow channel (23) is longitudinally arranged inside the grinding matrix (21) and is configured to communicate with the first flow channel (11). The second body (2) is configured to grind a grinding target (3) in response to the rotation of the first body (1), and the marking body (22) is configured to be detached from the grinding matrix (21) and carried to the ground (4) by drilling fluid after the grinding matrix (21) is worn to a certain extent, so as to convey the specific wear condition of the grinding matrix (21).
2. The downhole milling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marking body (22) comprises an intermediate body (221) and an outer shell (222) configured to surround the intermediate body (221) therein, and a radio frequency identification tag (2211) containing position information of the marking body (22) inside the grinding matrix (21) is arranged inside the intermediate body (221).
3. The downhole milling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: Lead acetate test paper (2212) is arranged in the intermediate (221).
4. The downhole milling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell (222) is made of expandable material.
5. The downhole milling tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: The expandable material is foamed polystyrene.
6. The downhole milling tool according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Different numbers are arranged on the marking bodies (22) at different positions in the grinding matrix (21).
7. The downhole milling tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The grinding matrix (21) is made of hard alloy particles by surfacing.
8. The downhole milling tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first body (1) comprises a first part (12) and a second part (13) connected to and arranged below the first part (12), wherein the second part (13) has a larger outer diameter than the first part (12).
9. The downhole milling tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second part (13) comprises a chamfered section (131) having an angle of inclination from top to bottom in a direction from the middle to both sides, and the chamfered section (131) is configured to be connected to the first part (12).
10. The downhole milling tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: A cut-off surface thread (121) for connecting to a rotating assembly (5) located above is provided at the upper end of the first part (12).