Automatic safety switching device of pressure maintaining system and shield tunneling machine adopting same

Abstract

The utility model discloses an automatic safety switching device for pressure maintaining systems and a shield tunneling machine adopting the same, which are characterized in that pneumatic ball valves are respectively arranged at regulating valve air sources of two sets of pressure maintaining systems, and pressure in an air bin and set pressure of pneumatic controllers in the two sets of pressure maintaining systems are respectively monitored and compared through pressure sensors; when it is judged that the air pressure adjusting function of the currently-running pressure maintaining system breaks down and the set pressure of the two pressure maintaining systems is consistent, the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the currently-running pressure maintaining system is controlled to be closed, the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the standby pressure maintaining system is controlled to be opened, and therefore the currently-running pressure maintaining system is switched to the standby pressure maintaining system; automatic switching control of the two pressure maintaining systems is achieved, the situation that bin pressure is abnormal and switching is not conducted in time is prevented, the operation safety of the pressure maintaining systems is guaranteed, and large fluctuation of gas bin pressure caused when the pressure maintaining systems are automatically switched can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of pressure-maintaining system switching, in particular to an automatic safety switching device for a pressure-maintaining system, and in addition, also particularly to a shield machine adopting the automatic safety switching device for a pressure-maintaining system. Background Art

[0002] Shield machines are widely used in highway, railway, subway and other projects due to their advantages such as fast construction speed, good safety and small ground settlement. During shield construction, maintaining the stability of the face is a key factor in maintaining construction safety. For example, instability of the face may lead to serious consequences such as ground settlement, building damage, and casualties of construction personnel. Using a pressure control system to maintain the stability of the face is a common method currently used in shield construction. As one of the core systems of the shield machine, the pressure control system is used to adjust the pressure of the shield machine's air cushion chamber. Its stability directly affects construction safety and quality. Since failure of the pressure control system may lead to serious safety accidents, two sets of pressure control systems are often used on shield machines. One set maintains the stability of the air cushion chamber pressure, and the other set is used as a backup. The pressure of the air cushion chamber is monitored by construction personnel throughout the process. When the pressure control system fails during operation and causes pressure fluctuations and instability, it is switched manually, which may lead to problems that cannot be handled in time due to negligence of personnel or emergency situations. Moreover, since the backup pressure-maintaining system is in a closed state, its set pressure cannot be monitored, and the set pressures of the two pressure-maintaining systems may be inconsistent. In the event of an emergency switch, manual temporary calibration of the set pressure is required, which cannot meet emergency requirements. Utility Model Content

[0003] The utility model provides an automatic safety switching device for a pressure maintaining system and a shield machine using the same, so as to solve the technical problem that two sets of pressure maintaining systems of the existing shield machine cannot realize automatic safety switching.

[0004] According to one aspect of the utility model, there is provided an automatic safety switching device for a pressure maintaining system, comprising a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a first pneumatic ball valve, a second pneumatic ball valve and a controller, wherein the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor, the first pneumatic ball valve and the second pneumatic ball valve are all electrically connected to the controller, the first pressure sensor is used to detect the pressure of an air warehouse, the second pressure sensor is used to detect the W port set pressure of the pneumatic controller of the first pressure maintaining system, the third pressure sensor is used to detect the W port set pressure of the pneumatic controller of the second pressure maintaining system, the first pneumatic ball valve is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the first pressure maintaining system, the second pneumatic ball valve is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the second pressure maintaining system, and the controller is used to control the opening of the first pneumatic ball valve or the second pneumatic ball valve according to the detection results of the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a fourth pressure sensor and a fifth pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller, the fourth pressure sensor is used to detect the X-port air bin delivery pressure of the pneumatic controller of the first pressure maintaining system, and the fifth pressure sensor is used to detect the X-port air bin delivery pressure of the pneumatic controller of the second pressure maintaining system.

[0006] Furthermore, it also includes a sixth pressure sensor and a seventh pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller, the sixth pressure sensor is used to detect the Y-port output pressure of the pneumatic controller of the first pressure-maintaining system, and the seventh pressure sensor is used to detect the Y-port output pressure of the pneumatic controller of the second pressure-maintaining system.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes an eighth pressure sensor and a ninth pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller, the eighth pressure sensor is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller and the pressure transmitter in the first pressure maintaining system, and the ninth pressure sensor is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller and the pressure transmitter in the second pressure maintaining system.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a tenth pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the first pneumatic ball valve, which is used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the first pressure maintaining system.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes an eleventh pressure sensor electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the second pneumatic ball valve, which is used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the second pressure maintaining system.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a first manual ball valve arranged in parallel with the first pneumatic ball valve.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a second manual ball valve arranged in parallel with the second pneumatic ball valve.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a first artificial adjustment detection element and a second artificial adjustment detection element electrically connected to the controller, which are used to respectively detect whether there is artificial adjustment of the pneumatic controller of the first pressure-maintaining system and the second pressure-maintaining system.

[0013] In addition, the utility model also provides a shield machine, which adopts the automatic safety switching device of the pressure maintaining system as described above.

[0014] The utility model has the following effects:

[0015] The automatic safety switching device for the pressure-maintaining system of the utility model respectively arranges pneumatic ball valves at the air sources of the regulating valves of the two pressure-maintaining systems, and the pneumatic ball valves are used to control whether the air pressure regulating function of each pressure-maintaining system is enabled, and the pressure in the air bin and the set pressure of the pneumatic controllers in the two pressure-maintaining systems are respectively monitored and compared by pressure sensors, and can automatically judge whether the air pressure regulating function of the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is faulty and whether the set pressures of the two safety systems are consistent according to the pressure monitoring and comparison results. Only when it is determined that the air pressure regulating function of the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is faulty and the set pressures of the two pressure-maintaining systems are consistent, the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is controlled to be closed and the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the standby pressure-maintaining system is controlled to be opened, thereby switching from the currently operating pressure-maintaining system to the standby pressure-maintaining system, realizing automatic switching control of the two pressure-maintaining systems, preventing the situation where the bin pressure is abnormal and the switching is not timely, ensuring the safety of the operation of the pressure-maintaining system, and preventing the gas bin pressure from fluctuating greatly when the pressure-maintaining system is automatically switched.

[0016] In addition, the shield machine of the utility model also has the above advantages.

[0017] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the automatic safety switching device of the pressure maintaining system of the preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the monitoring interface of the main control room screen in the preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0021] Description of Reference Numerals

[0022] 1. The first pressure sensor; 2. The second pressure sensor; 3. The third pressure sensor; 4. The first pneumatic ball valve; 5. The second pneumatic ball valve; 6. The fourth pressure sensor; 7. The fifth pressure sensor; 8. The sixth pressure sensor; 9. The seventh pressure sensor; 10. The eighth pressure sensor; 11. The ninth pressure sensor; 12. The tenth pressure sensor; 13. The eleventh pressure sensor; 14. The first manual ball valve; 15. The second manual ball valve; 16. The first artificial adjustment detection element; 17. The second artificial adjustment detection element; 100. The first set of pressure maintaining system; 101. The air chamber; 200. The second set of pressure maintaining system; 300. The pneumatic controller; 400. The pressure transmitter; 500. The filter pressure reducing valve; 600. The air handling unit; 700. The air source ball valve; 800. The self-operated pressure reducing valve; 900. The air intake regulating valve; 901. The exhaust regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in a variety of different ways as defined and covered below.

[0024] It is understandable that Figure 1As shown, the preferred embodiment of the utility model provides an automatic safety switching device for a pressure-maintaining system, which is used to control the two pressure-maintaining systems of a shield machine to automatically switch safely, so as to ensure the safety of the operation of the pressure-maintaining system. Among them, the shield machine includes a first pressure-maintaining system 100 and a second pressure-maintaining system 200, one set is activated and the other is standby, and the structures and principles of the two pressure-maintaining systems are exactly the same. Specifically, each pressure-maintaining system includes a pneumatic controller 300, a pressure transmitter 400, a filter pressure reducing valve 500, an air processing unit 600, an air source ball valve 700, a self-operated pressure reducing valve 800, an air intake regulating valve 900 and an exhaust regulating valve 901. One end of the self-operated pressure reducing valve 800 is connected to an external air source, and the other end is respectively connected to the air intake regulating valve 900 for first-stage pressure reduction processing. The air source ball valve 700 is connected to the air processing unit 600, and the air processing unit 600 is also respectively connected to the filter pressure reducing valve 500, the air intake regulating valve 900 and the exhaust regulating valve 901. The exhaust regulating valve 901 is connected, and the air processing unit 600 is used for the second stage of pressure reduction treatment, filtering treatment and water removal treatment. The pressure after the air processing unit 600 is reduced in pressure is used as the gas source pressure of the regulating valve (i.e., the air intake regulating valve 900 and the exhaust regulating valve 901). The filtering pressure reducing valve 500 is used for the third stage of pressure reduction treatment. The filtering pressure reducing valve 500 is respectively connected to the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400. The pressure after the filtering pressure reducing valve 500 is reduced in pressure is used as the gas source pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400. The pressure transmitter 400 is also connected to the gas warehouse 101 and the pneumatic controller 300 respectively, and is used to transmit the detected gas warehouse pressure to the X port of the pneumatic controller 300 after transmission. Specifically, the pressure range in the gas warehouse 101 is 0bar~6bar, and the pressure transmitter 400 linearly converts the detected gas warehouse pressure into a pressure signal within 0.2bar~1bar to the pneumatic controller 300. The air intake regulating valve 900 and the exhaust regulating valve 901 are both connected to the gas warehouse 101, and the pneumatic controller 300 compares the transmitted pressure of the X port with the set pressure of the W port (that is, the set pressure of the gas warehouse 101), and then controls the opening of the air intake regulating valve 900 or the exhaust regulating valve 901 through the Y port output pressure according to the comparison result, thereby adjusting the gas warehouse pressure so that the pressure of the gas warehouse 101 is maintained within the deviation range of the set pressure. Among them, the opening pressure ranges of the air intake regulating valve 900 and the exhaust regulating valve 901 are different, that is, when the Y-port output pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 is within the opening pressure range of the air intake regulating valve 900, the air intake regulating valve 900 is controlled to open, while the exhaust regulating valve 901 remains closed, and the gas chamber 101 starts to take in air; and when the Y-port output pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 is within the opening pressure range of the exhaust regulating valve 901, the exhaust regulating valve 901 is controlled to open, while the air intake regulating valve 900 remains closed, and the gas chamber 101 starts to exhaust air.As an example, the opening pressure range of the intake regulating valve 900 is (0.6 bar, 1 bar), and the opening pressure range of the exhaust regulating valve 901 is (0.2 bar, 0.6 bar).

[0025] It can be understood that when the shield machine of this embodiment is working, the external air sources of the two pressure maintaining systems are opened, the two pneumatic controllers 300, pressure transmitters 400 and other components are running, and the set pressures of the pneumatic controllers 300 are consistent. Only the regulating valves of the two pressure maintaining systems are not enabled, that is, the air pressure regulating functions of the two pressure maintaining systems are not enabled. The automatic safety switching device of the pressure maintaining system includes a first pressure sensor 1, a second pressure sensor 2, a third pressure sensor 3, a first pneumatic ball valve 4, a second pneumatic ball valve 5 and a controller. The first pressure sensor 1, the second pressure sensor 2, the third pressure sensor 3, the first pneumatic ball valve 4, and the second pneumatic ball valve 5 are all electrically connected to the controller. The first pressure sensor 1 is used to detect the pressure of the gas warehouse 101, the second pressure sensor 2 is used to detect the W port set pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 of the first pressure maintaining system 100, and the third pressure sensor 3 is used to detect the W port set pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 of the second pressure maintaining system 200. The first pneumatic ball valve 4 is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the first pressure maintaining system 100, and the second pneumatic ball valve 5 is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the second pressure maintaining system 200. The controller is used to control the opening of the first pneumatic ball valve 4 or the second pneumatic ball valve 5 according to the detection results of the first pressure sensor 1, the second pressure sensor 2 and the third pressure sensor 3.

[0026] It can be understood that, assuming that when the shield machine starts running, the controller controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to open, that is, the first pressure maintaining system 100 enables the air pressure regulation function, and the second pneumatic ball valve 5 is in a closed state, that is, the second pressure maintaining system 200 does not enable the air pressure regulation function and is in a standby state. During the activation of the first pressure maintaining system 100, when the pressure value P1 detected by the first pressure sensor 1 and the pressure value P2 obtained after linear transformation according to the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 2 reach the warehouse pressure imbalance condition, the controller determines that the first pressure maintaining system 100 has a fault and cannot achieve automatic warehouse pressure adjustment. The controller also determines whether the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 2 is the same as the pressure value detected by the third pressure sensor 3, that is, whether the W-port set pressures of the pneumatic controllers 300 of the two pressure maintaining systems are consistent. If the two set pressures are consistent, the controller controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to close and controls the second pneumatic ball valve 5 to open, that is, closes the air pressure adjustment function of the first pressure maintaining system 100 and opens the air pressure adjustment function of the second pressure maintaining system 200, and the second pressure maintaining system 200 automatically adjusts the warehouse pressure of the gas warehouse 101. Among them, the warehouse pressure imbalance condition is: |P1-P2|>0.5bar, or |P1-P2|>0.2bar and the duration is>10min. In addition, the pressure values ​​detected by the second pressure sensor 2 and the third pressure sensor 3 are the set pressure values ​​of the W port of the pneumatic controller 300, which are the same as the transmitted pressure of the X port of the pneumatic controller 300, and the pressure value range is 0.2bar~1bar, while the gas warehouse pressure value range detected by the first pressure sensor 1 is 0~6bar. Therefore, it is necessary to first linearly transform the pressure values ​​detected by the second pressure sensor 2 and the third pressure sensor 3 from 0.2bar~1bar to pressure values ​​within 0~6bar, and the converted pressure values ​​can be compared with the gas warehouse pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 1.

[0027] Similarly, when the shield machine starts to run, the air pressure regulation function of the second pressure maintaining system 200 is first enabled. When the pressure value P1 detected by the first pressure sensor 1 and the pressure value P3 obtained by linear transformation according to the pressure value detected by the third pressure sensor 3 reach the warehouse pressure imbalance condition, that is, |P1-P3|>0.5bar, or |P1-P3|>0.2bar and the duration is>10min, the controller determines that the second pressure maintaining system 200 has a fault and cannot achieve automatic warehouse pressure regulation. The controller also determines whether the pressure value detected by the second pressure sensor 2 is the same as the pressure value detected by the third pressure sensor 3, that is, whether the W-port set pressures of the pneumatic controllers 300 of the two pressure maintaining systems are consistent. If the two set pressures are consistent, the controller controls the second pneumatic ball valve 5 to close and controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to open, that is, the air pressure regulation function of the second pressure maintaining system 200 is closed and the air pressure regulation function of the first pressure maintaining system 100 is opened, and the first pressure maintaining system 100 automatically regulates the warehouse pressure of the gas warehouse 101.

[0028] It can be understood that the automatic safety switching device for the pressure-maintaining system of the present embodiment, by respectively arranging pneumatic ball valves at the air sources of the regulating valves of the two pressure-maintaining systems, controls whether the air pressure regulating function of each pressure-maintaining system is enabled by the pneumatic ball valves, and monitors and compares the pressure in the gas warehouse 101 and the set pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 in the two pressure-maintaining systems by pressure sensors, respectively. It can automatically determine whether the air pressure regulating function of the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is faulty and whether the set pressures of the two safety systems are consistent based on the pressure monitoring and comparison results. Only when it is determined that the air pressure regulating function of the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is faulty and the set pressures of the two pressure-maintaining systems are consistent, the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the currently operating pressure-maintaining system is controlled to be closed and the pneumatic ball valve corresponding to the standby pressure-maintaining system is controlled to be opened, thereby switching from the currently operating pressure-maintaining system to the standby pressure-maintaining system, realizing automatic switching control of the two pressure-maintaining systems, preventing the situation where the warehouse pressure is abnormal and the switching is not timely, ensuring the safety of the operation of the pressure-maintaining system, and preventing the gas warehouse pressure from fluctuating greatly when the pressure-maintaining system is automatically switched.

[0029] In addition, the automatic safety switching device of the pressure maintaining system also includes a fourth pressure sensor 6 and a fifth pressure sensor 7 electrically connected to the controller, the fourth pressure sensor 6 is used to detect the X-mouth air bin delivery pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 of the first pressure maintaining system 100, and the fifth pressure sensor 7 is used to detect the X-mouth air bin delivery pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 of the second pressure maintaining system 200. It can be understood that the fourth pressure sensor 6 and the fifth pressure sensor 7 detect the X-port air chamber transmission pressure of the pneumatic controller 300, and the X-port air chamber transmission pressure is obtained by the pressure transmitter 400 after linear transformation based on the collected air chamber pressure. Therefore, the controller can first perform a linear transformation on the air chamber transmission pressure detected by the fourth pressure sensor 6 or the fifth pressure sensor 7 to obtain the pressure value before transmission by the pressure transmitter 400, that is, the air chamber pressure value detected by the pressure transmitter 400, and then compare the pressure value before transmission with the air chamber pressure value detected by the first sensor 1. If the deviation between the two is within the allowable range, it is determined that the pressure transmitter 400 has no fault and the pressure transmission function is normal. If the deviation between the two exceeds the allowable range, it is determined that the pressure transmitter 400 has a fault and the pressure transmission function is abnormal.

[0030] In addition, the automatic safety switching device of the pressure-maintaining system also includes a sixth pressure sensor 8 and a seventh pressure sensor 9 electrically connected to the controller, wherein the sixth pressure sensor 8 is used to detect the output pressure of the Y port of the pneumatic controller 300 of the first pressure-maintaining system 100, and the seventh pressure sensor 9 is used to detect the output pressure of the Y port of the pneumatic controller 300 of the second pressure-maintaining system 200. It can be understood that the controller can automatically monitor the output pressure of the Y port of the pneumatic controller 300 of the two pressure-maintaining systems through the sixth pressure sensor 8 and the seventh pressure sensor 9. In addition, when the pneumatic controller 300 controls the air intake regulating valve 900 to open for air intake regulation or controls the air exhaust regulating valve 901 to open for air exhaust regulation, if after a period of regulation, the first pressure sensor 1 detects that the pressure change in the air chamber 101 is very small, which means that the air pressure regulation function fails, and the controller can combine the pressure detection value of the sixth pressure sensor 8 or the seventh pressure sensor 9 to determine the cause of the fault. Specifically, assuming that the pneumatic controller 300 wants to control the air intake regulating valve 900 to open for air intake regulation, after a period of adjustment, the first pressure sensor 1 detects that the pressure change in the air chamber 101 is very small, which means that the air intake regulation function has failed. If the pressure detection value detected by the sixth pressure sensor 8 is within the opening air pressure range of the air intake regulating valve 900, it means that the Y port of the pneumatic controller 300 is normal, and it is determined that the air intake regulating valve 900 itself has a fault. If the pressure detection value detected by the sixth pressure sensor 8 is not within the opening air pressure range of the air intake regulating valve 900, it means that the Y port of the pneumatic controller 300 has a fault.

[0031] In addition, the automatic safety switching device for the pressure-maintaining system further includes an eighth pressure sensor 10 and a ninth pressure sensor 11 electrically connected to the controller, wherein the eighth pressure sensor 10 is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400 in the first pressure-maintaining system 100, and the ninth pressure sensor 11 is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400 in the second pressure-maintaining system 200. It can be understood that the controller can monitor the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400 in the two pressure-maintaining systems in real time through the eighth pressure sensor 10 and the ninth pressure sensor 11, respectively, to ensure that the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 and the pressure transmitter 400 is normal. For example, after the third stage of pressure reduction by the filter pressure reducing valve 500, the air source pressure of the eighth pressure sensor 10 and the ninth pressure sensor 11 should be about 1.4 bar, and the pressure value can be monitored through the eighth pressure sensor 10 or the ninth pressure sensor 11.

[0032] In addition, the automatic safety switching device for the pressure-maintaining system further includes a tenth pressure sensor 12 electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the first pneumatic ball valve 4, which is used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the first pressure-maintaining system 100, and an eleventh pressure sensor 13 electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the second pneumatic ball valve 5, which is used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the second pressure-maintaining system 200. It can be understood that the pressure value after the second-stage decompression treatment of the air handling unit 600 is generally about 2.5 bar, and the controller can monitor the air source pressure of the regulating valves in the two pressure-maintaining systems through the tenth pressure sensor 12 and the eleventh pressure sensor 13, respectively, to determine whether the air source pressure of the regulating valves is maintained at about 2.5 bar. Moreover, the controller can also determine whether the pneumatic ball valve is faulty based on the detection results of the tenth pressure sensor 12 or the eleventh pressure sensor 13. For example, when the controller controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to open, if the pressure value detected by the tenth pressure sensor 12 is greater than a preset value, such as 2 bar, it means that the first pneumatic ball valve 4 is opened normally. If the pressure value detected by the tenth pressure sensor 12 is not greater than the preset value, it means that the first pneumatic ball valve 4 is faulty and does not open normally, and the first pneumatic ball valve 4 needs to be repaired; or, when the controller controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to close, the pressure detection value of the tenth pressure sensor 12 is not zero, which means that the first pneumatic ball valve 4 is not closed normally, and the first pneumatic ball valve 4 needs to be repaired.

[0033] In addition, the automatic safety switching device of the pressure-maintaining system also includes a first manual ball valve 14 arranged in parallel with the first pneumatic ball valve 4, and a second manual ball valve 15 arranged in parallel with the second pneumatic ball valve 5. By connecting a manual ball valve in parallel next to each of the two pneumatic ball valves, the air source of the regulating valve can be opened by operating the manual ball valve when a pneumatic ball valve fails. For example, after the controller controls the first pneumatic ball valve 4 to open, if the pressure value detected by the tenth pressure sensor 12 is not greater than 2 bar, a warning message "Please open the first set of pressure-maintaining system" will pop up on the screen of the main control room. At this time, it is necessary to manually open the first manual ball valve 14 to open the air source of the regulating valve, and at the same time, it is necessary to troubleshoot the first pneumatic ball valve 4.

[0034] In addition, the automatic safety switching device for the pressure-maintaining system also includes a first manual adjustment detection element 16 and a second manual adjustment detection element 17 electrically connected to the controller, which are used to respectively detect whether there is a pneumatic controller 300 that manually adjusts the first pressure-maintaining system 100 and the second pressure-maintaining system 200. It can be understood that when automatically switching from the first pressure-maintaining system 100 to the second pressure-maintaining system 200, the controller also makes a joint judgment in combination with the detection result of the first manual adjustment detection element 16, and only when the conditions of no manual adjustment of the pneumatic controller 300, warehouse pressure imbalance, and the set pressures of the two pressure-maintaining systems are consistent are met at the same time, the automatic switching is performed; similarly, when automatically switching from the second pressure-maintaining system 200 to the first pressure-maintaining system 100, the controller also makes a joint judgment in combination with the detection result of the second manual adjustment detection element 17. Among them, the pneumatic controller 300 is a pressure-maintaining element of a purely mechanical structure, which adjusts the set pressure gear manually and mechanically. The first manual adjustment detection element 16 and the second manual adjustment detection element 17 can use proximity switches. The operating surface of the pneumatic controller 300 is closed, and a switch panel is opened on the closed surface. The proximity switch is set near the movable end of the switch panel. If the switch panel is opened, no signal is generated by the proximity switch. If the switch panel is closed, a signal is generated by the proximity switch. If the proximity switch always generates a signal within a preset time period, it is determined that no one has opened the switch panel for manual operation. If the proximity switch has a signal interruption within the preset time period, it is determined that someone has opened the switch panel for manual operation, that is, the set pressure of the pneumatic controller 300 is manually adjusted, and there is a possibility that the gas tank pressure fluctuates due to manual adjustment. As another option, the first manual adjustment detection element 16 and the second manual adjustment detection element 17 can also use angle sensors, which are installed on the knob shaft of the pneumatic controller 300. As long as someone operates the knob, the angle sensor generates a signal. By judging whether the angle sensor generates a signal, it is indirectly judged whether someone has adjusted the set pressure of the pneumatic controller 300.

[0035] In addition, the controller is also electrically connected to the screen of the main control room of the shield machine, and can transmit the working status of the two pressure-maintaining systems, the monitoring results of each pressure sensor, alarm information, etc. to the screen of the main control room for remote monitoring. Figure 2 As shown, the monitoring interface of the main control room screen includes three areas. The first area is the indicator lights of the two pressure maintaining systems. If the air pressure adjustment function of the pressure maintaining system is enabled, the green light will be on, otherwise it will not be on. The second area is used to display the pressure monitoring data of each pressure sensor, and the third area is used to display alarm information.

[0036] In addition, another embodiment of the utility model further provides a shield machine, which preferably adopts the automatic safety switching device of the pressure maintaining system as described above.

[0037] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, and is not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic safety switching device for a pressure-maintaining system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first pressure sensor (1), a second pressure sensor (2), a third pressure sensor (3), a first pneumatic ball valve (4), a second pneumatic ball valve (5) and a controller, wherein the first pressure sensor (1), the second pressure sensor (2), the third pressure sensor (3), the first pneumatic ball valve (4) and the second pneumatic ball valve (5) are all electrically connected to the controller, the first pressure sensor (1) is used to detect the pressure of the gas chamber (101), and the second pressure sensor (2) is used to detect the W port setting of the pneumatic controller (300) of the first pressure maintaining system (100). The third pressure sensor (3) is used to detect the set pressure of the W port of the pneumatic controller (300) of the second pressure-maintaining system (200); the first pneumatic ball valve (4) is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the first pressure-maintaining system (100); the second pneumatic ball valve (5) is arranged at the air source of the regulating valve of the second pressure-maintaining system (200); the controller is used to control the opening of the first pneumatic ball valve (4) or the second pneumatic ball valve (5) according to the detection results of the first pressure sensor (1), the second pressure sensor (2) and the third pressure sensor (3).

2. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a fourth pressure sensor (6) and a fifth pressure sensor (7) electrically connected to the controller, wherein the fourth pressure sensor (6) is used to detect the X-port gas bin transmission pressure of the pneumatic controller (300) of the first pressure-maintaining system (100), and the fifth pressure sensor (7) is used to detect the X-port gas bin transmission pressure of the pneumatic controller (300) of the second pressure-maintaining system (200).

3. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes a sixth pressure sensor (8) and a seventh pressure sensor (9) electrically connected to the controller, wherein the sixth pressure sensor (8) is used to detect the output pressure of the Y port of the pneumatic controller (300) of the first pressure-maintaining system (100), and the seventh pressure sensor (9) is used to detect the output pressure of the Y port of the pneumatic controller (300) of the second pressure-maintaining system (200).

4. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system also includes an eighth pressure sensor (10) and a ninth pressure sensor (11) electrically connected to the controller, wherein the eighth pressure sensor (10) is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller (300) and the pressure transmitter (400) in the first pressure maintaining system (100), and the ninth pressure sensor (11) is used to detect the air source pressure of the pneumatic controller (300) and the pressure transmitter (400) in the second pressure maintaining system (200).

5. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a tenth pressure sensor (12) electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the first pneumatic ball valve (4), and used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the first pressure maintaining system (100).

6. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an eleventh pressure sensor (13) electrically connected to the controller and arranged at the outlet of the second pneumatic ball valve (5), and used to detect the air source pressure of the regulating valve of the second pressure maintaining system (200).

7. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first manual ball valve (14) arranged in parallel with the first pneumatic ball valve (4).

8. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second manual ball valve (15) arranged in parallel with the second pneumatic ball valve (5).

9. The automatic safety switching device for the pressure maintaining system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first artificial adjustment detection element (16) and a second artificial adjustment detection element (17) electrically connected to the controller, and used to respectively detect whether there is an artificial adjustment of the pneumatic controller (300) of the first pressure-maintaining system (100) and the second pressure-maintaining system (200).

10. A shield machine, characterized in that: An automatic safety switching device for a pressure maintaining system as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used.

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