Aeration and exhaust device for improving garbage fermentation effect

Abstract

The utility model discloses an aeration air extractor for improving a garbage fermentation effect, and belongs to the field of kitchen garbage treatment. The device comprises an air supply fan, an air collecting hood, an air exhaust head, a pipeline fan, a pipeline system and a drainage pipeline, the air supply fan is communicated with the top of the garbage fermentation material box through an air supply pipeline, the lower part of the garbage fermentation material box is hermetically connected with an air collecting hood, and the garbage fermentation material box is communicated with the air collecting hood through a plurality of air exhaust heads uniformly distributed at the bottom; the bottom of one side of the gas-collecting hood is communicated with a drainage pipeline, and the other side is communicated with a pipeline system; a pipeline fan capable of exhausting or aerating is arranged at the tail end of the pipeline system; and a section of transparent pipe is communicated below the middle section of the pipeline system. According to the utility model, sewage generated by material fermentation can be discharged in time, and water vapor and odor are discharged from the bottom of the garbage fermentation material box, so that the problems of slow water removal of garbage materials, low microbial fermentation efficiency and the like caused by the fact that the water vapor ascends, encounters a top cover plate, condenses and flows back to the garbage materials are prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment, and in particular relates to an aeration device of kitchen waste aerobic fermentation equipment. Background Art

[0002] Aerobic fermentation of garbage is a process that converts organic waste into stable inorganic substances and carbon dioxide. In this process, aeration is a key technology that can provide sufficient oxygen to promote the decomposition activities of microorganisms. However, traditional aeration devices usually aerate from the bottom and exhaust from the top, which will face a problem, that is, the water vapor generated during the aerobic fermentation of garbage will condense after encountering the top cover plate in the upward direction of the air flow, and then reflux and drip into the inside of the garbage fermentation material, resulting in a significant reduction in the efficiency of material moisture removal, uneven aeration during the fermentation process, and material agglomeration blocking the exhaust head. This not only affects the fermentation effect of the garbage material, but also increases the maintenance cost of the equipment. In addition, the existing aeration device only considers the extraction of water vapor and odor, but does not consider the timely discharge of sewage generated by garbage fermentation, which makes the fermentation effect worse. Therefore, it is necessary to design an aeration and exhaust device that improves the fermentation effect of garbage to solve the above problems, so as to reduce the moisture content of the garbage fermentation material and improve the efficiency of aerobic fermentation of garbage. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model provides an aeration and exhaust device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage. The device includes an air intake system, an exhaust head, an air collecting hood, an exhaust system, and the like.

[0004] The specific technical solutions adopted by this utility model are as follows:

[0005] The utility model provides an aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage, comprising an air supply fan, an air collecting hood, an air extraction head, a pipeline fan, a pipeline system and a drainage pipeline;

[0006] The air supply fan is connected to the top of the garbage fermentation material box through an air supply pipeline. The bottom of the garbage fermentation material box is sealed with an air collecting hood. The garbage fermentation material box is connected to the air collecting hood through a number of exhaust heads evenly arranged at the bottom; the bottom of one side of the air collecting hood is connected to the drainage pipeline, and the other side is connected to the pipeline system; the pipeline system is connected to a section of transparent pipe at the bottom of the middle section, and a pipeline fan capable of exhausting or aerating is provided at the end; the rear end of the pipeline fan is connected to the odor treatment system.

[0007] Preferably, the transparent tube is made of acrylic.

[0008] Preferably, the piping system is made of PVC.

[0009] Preferably, the gas supply pipeline is provided with a heater for heating the gas in the pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, the air supply pipelines are provided in plurality and are evenly arranged on the top of the garbage fermentation material box, and each air supply pipeline is equipped with an air supply fan.

[0011] Preferably, the vacuum head located in the garbage fermentation material box is separately provided with a plurality of holes for vacuuming, and the inner cavity of the vacuum head is filled with a filler to prevent the garbage fermentation material from entering.

[0012] Furthermore, the filler is rice husk.

[0013] Preferably, both the drainage pipeline and the transparent tube are provided with solenoid valves.

[0014] Preferably, the end of the pipeline system is arranged upward, and the ends of the drainage pipeline and the transparent tube are arranged downward.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] In the utility model, the air intake fan evenly introduces air preheated by the heater into the garbage fermentation material box, which can provide sufficient oxygen and the best environmental temperature for the growth of aerobic microorganisms; the design of bottom exhaust and top aeration can effectively avoid the problem of water vapor generated by the fermentation of garbage materials encountering condensation and reflux on the top cover plate, thereby realizing a large amount of water removal from the garbage materials and improving the efficiency of material fermentation. The design of the positive and reverse rotation of the exhaust head and the pipeline fan can effectively avoid the blockage of the exhaust head and the pipeline system caused by exhaust, reducing maintenance costs. The design of the drainage pipeline and the solenoid valve can effectively discharge the sewage generated by the fermentation of the materials smoothly; the transparent tube can observe the residual sewage in the pipeline system in real time, and discharge the sewage in time by program-controlled opening of the solenoid valve, thereby improving the efficiency of aerobic material fermentation. Through the above design, the device can evenly provide sufficient oxygen for the aerobic fermentation process of garbage materials, improve gas exchange efficiency, prevent condensed water from reflux, and ensure the timely and effective discharge of sewage, thereby greatly improving the aerobic fermentation efficiency of garbage materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the aeration and exhaust device of the embodiment;

[0018] Figure 2 1 is a side view (a) and a top view (b) of the vacuum head in the embodiment;

[0019] Figure numerals: 1. air supply fan; 2. heater; 3. air collecting hood; 4. exhaust head; 5. transparent tube; 6. duct fan; 7. solenoid valve; 8. duct system; 9. drainage pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described and illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementations. The technical features of each implementation of the present invention can be combined accordingly without conflicting with each other.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, an aeration and exhaust device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage provided by the utility model mainly comprises an air supply fan 1, an air collecting hood 3, an exhaust head 4, a pipeline fan 6, a pipeline system 8 and a drainage pipeline 9. The whole set of devices can discharge the sewage generated during the fermentation of garbage materials in time, and discharge the water vapor and odor from the bottom of the garbage fermentation material box, collect them through the pipeline system and discharge them into the odor treatment system, so as to prevent the problems in the prior art that the water vapor ascends and encounters the top cover plate to condense and flow back to the material, resulting in the slow removal of water from the garbage material and the reduction of the efficiency of microbial fermentation.

[0022] The structure and connection method of each component will be described in detail below.

[0023] In the utility model, the air supply fan 1 is connected to the top of the garbage fermentation material box through the air supply pipeline, the lower part of the garbage fermentation material box is sealed and connected with the air collecting hood 3, and the bottom of the garbage fermentation material box is evenly arranged with a plurality of air extraction heads 4. One end of the air extraction head 4 is located in the garbage fermentation material box, and the other end is located in the air collecting hood 3, and the garbage fermentation material box is connected to the air collecting hood 3 through the air extraction head 4.

[0024] The utility model installs the exhaust head 4 at the bottom of the box body and the air intake fan 1 at the top. Different from the traditional aeration method, air is exhausted at the bottom and air is taken in at the top, which can avoid the problem of water vapor generated by material fermentation encountering condensation reflux on the top cover plate.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the utility model, a heater 2 for heating the gas in the pipe is provided on the air supply pipeline. The air supply pipeline is heated by the heater 2, which can provide favorable conditions for the fermentation of garbage materials and maintain an aerobic fermentation temperature of 55-60°C. There can be multiple air supply pipelines, all of which are evenly arranged on the top of the garbage fermentation material box, and each air supply pipeline is equipped with an independent air supply fan 1 and a heater 2. The air is heated by the heater 2 to ensure that the outlet temperature is 55-60°C, which is conducive to the growth of microorganisms.

[0026] In the utility model, the air collecting hood 3 is horizontally arranged below the garbage fermentation material box, with the bottom of one side connected to the drainage pipeline 9 and the other side connected to the pipeline system 8. The end of the pipeline system 8 is provided with a pipeline fan 6 capable of exhausting and aerating, and a transparent pipe 5 is connected below the middle section.

[0027] In actual use, the pipeline fan 6 can be reversed through program control. In normal operation, it can be used for air extraction by forward rotation. When the air extraction head and the pipeline system are blocked, it can be reversed to aerate the air collection hood 3, provide pressure for the air collection hood 3, and use the backwash principle to flush out the materials blocking the holes of the air extraction head 4. The transparent tube 5 can observe the residual sewage in the pipeline system in real time, so as to control the opening of the transparent tube 5 and the solenoid valve 7 on the drainage pipeline 9, and cooperate with the control of the pipeline fan 6 to reverse to discharge the sewage. In addition, the solenoid valve 7 on the drainage pipeline 9 can be opened at a fixed time through program control to discharge the residual sewage in the air collection hood; or when the pipeline fan 6 is reversed, the solenoid valve 7 can be opened to make it easier to discharge the residual sewage by pressurizing.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transparent tube 5 can be made of acrylic material, and the pipe system can be made of PVC material. For ease of control, a solenoid valve 7 can be provided on both the drainage pipe 9 and the transparent tube 5. Figure 2 As shown, the exhaust head 4 located in the garbage fermentation material box is provided with a plurality of holes for exhausting air, and the inner cavity of the exhaust head 4 is filled with fillers to prevent the garbage fermentation material from entering. The fillers are preferably husks that are easy to obtain and cheap. In order to give full play to the functions of the corresponding pipelines, the end of the pipeline system 8 can be set upward to facilitate gas discharge, and the ends of the drainage pipeline 9 and the transparent tube 5 are both set downward to facilitate residual sewage discharge.

[0029] By using the above-mentioned aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage, the utility model also provides a control method, which is specifically as follows:

[0030] During normal operation, the air supply fan 1 provides air to the garbage fermentation material box through the air supply pipeline. By heating the air supply pipeline, favorable conditions can be provided for the fermentation of garbage materials in the garbage fermentation material box, and the aerobic fermentation temperature of 55-65°C can be maintained. At the same time, the solenoid valve 7 on the drainage pipeline 9 and the transparent tube 5 is closed, the air extraction head 4 is opened, and the pipeline fan 6 is adjusted to the air extraction mode. The water vapor and odor generated by the garbage fermentation materials during fermentation are discharged from the bottom of the garbage fermentation material box through the air extraction head 4, and are collected and discharged into the odor treatment system along the pipeline system 8. In this process, by observing the residual sewage in the transparent tube 5, the solenoid valve 7 on the drainage pipeline 9 is opened regularly for drainage, or the air extraction head 4 is closed and the pipeline fan 6 is adjusted to the aeration mode, and the residual sewage is discharged from the drainage pipeline 9 with the assistance of gas pressure.

[0031] When the exhaust head 4 is blocked, close the solenoid valve 7 and the air supply fan 1, adjust the pipeline fan 6 to the aeration mode, and use the gas pressure to flush the garbage fermentation materials blocking the holes of the exhaust head 4, thereby ensuring the smooth flow of the aeration and exhaust pipeline.

[0032] The above-described embodiment is only a preferred solution of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any technical solution obtained by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage, characterized in that: It comprises an air supply fan (1), an air collecting hood (3), an air extraction head (4), a duct fan (6), a duct system (8) and a drainage pipeline (9); The air supply fan (1) is connected to the top of the garbage fermentation material box through an air supply pipeline, and an air collecting hood (3) is sealed at the bottom of the garbage fermentation material box. The garbage fermentation material box is connected to the air collecting hood (3) through a plurality of exhaust heads (4) evenly arranged at the bottom; the bottom of one side of the air collecting hood (3) is connected to a drainage pipeline (9), and the other side is connected to a pipeline system (8); a transparent pipe (5) is connected to the bottom of the middle section of the pipeline system (8), and a pipeline fan (6) capable of exhausting or aerating is provided at the end; the rear end of the pipeline fan (6) is connected to an odor treatment system.

2. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent tube (5) is made of acrylic material.

3. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piping system is made of PVC.

4. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply pipeline is provided with a heater (2) for heating the gas in the pipeline.

5. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air supply pipelines are provided in plurality and are evenly arranged on the top of the garbage fermentation material box, and each air supply pipeline is equipped with an air supply fan (1).

6. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust head (4) located in the garbage fermentation material box is provided with a plurality of holes for exhausting air, and the inner cavity of the exhaust head (4) is filled with a filler for preventing the garbage fermentation material from entering.

7. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filler is rice husk.

8. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage pipeline (9) and the transparent tube (5) are both provided with a solenoid valve (7).

9. The aeration and air extraction device for improving the fermentation effect of garbage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the pipeline system (8) is arranged upward, and the ends of the drainage pipeline (9) and the transparent tube (5) are arranged downward.

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