Air compression energy storage and supplement device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air compression energy storing and supplementing device which is characterized by comprising an upper water tank located at a high position and a storage cabin which is communicated with the upper water tank through a water conveying pipeline and located at a low position, a branch pipeline communicated with the storage cabin is arranged on the water conveying pipeline, and a water turbine is connected to the branch pipeline in series. The water turbine is connected with the first power generator so as to drive the first power generator to generate power when the water turbine is impacted by water flow to rotate, a water outlet of the branch pipeline is connected into the storage cabin, and the branch pipeline and the water conveying pipeline are each provided with a switch water valve; the storage cabin is further communicated with an air conveying pipeline, the inlet end of the air conveying pipeline is connected with a compression pipeline, the compression pipeline is sequentially connected with an air compressor and a first switch air valve, and the air compressor is powered by a power grid to be driven to work at off-peak electricity; and the storage cabin is also communicated with an exhaust pipeline with an exhaust switch valve. According to the air compression energy storage and supplement device, water conservancy is utilized for power generation in the power utilization peak, redundant electricity is utilized for energy storage in the power utilization low peak, and the energy utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical field:

[0002] The utility model relates to an air compression energy storage and replenishment device. Background technology:

[0004] The efficiency of traditional compressed air energy storage systems is usually between 40% and 60%. At present, during the compression process of air compressed energy storage, the pressure difference is too large from 1 atmosphere to 140 atmospheres, so at least 4 levels of compression are required, from low pressure to medium pressure, then to medium and high pressure, and finally to high pressure compression. Is it possible to use constant pressure input and directly perform 1-level high-pressure compression, which will have a broader application prospect?

[0005] In addition, in order to improve energy efficiency, air compression currently generally adopts heat storage and single energy replenishment, and there is still room for innovation in improving energy efficiency.

[0006] At present, a Chinese patent "Air Compression Wind Power Generation System and Control Method Thereof" has been retrieved, with publication number CN110360054B, comprising: a power mechanism with blades, an air compression energy storage device and a power generation device connected in sequence; the main shaft of the power mechanism is connected to the air compressor of the air compression energy storage device via a first gearbox; the outlet end of the air compressor is connected to the inlet end of a one-way valve; the outlet end of the one-way valve is connected to the inlet end of an air storage tank; the outlet end of the air storage tank is connected to the inlet end of a variable pressure regulating valve; the variable pressure regulating valve is connected to a controller; the outlet end of the variable pressure regulating valve is connected to the pneumatic motor of the power generation device; the pneumatic motor is connected to a generator via a second gearbox, which converts fluctuating wind energy into high-pressure air for energy storage. Although the device can control the output through a variable pressure regulating valve to achieve voltage-stabilized output or peak-shaving and valley-filling output power generation, the patent cannot use water conservancy to generate electricity during peak power consumption, and cannot use excess electricity to store energy during low power consumption, and the energy utilization rate is low. Summary of the invention:

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the utility model is to propose an air compression energy storage and replenishment device, which is conducive to using water conservancy to generate electricity during peak electricity consumption and using excess electricity for energy storage during low electricity consumption, thereby improving energy utilization.

[0009] The utility model is implemented by the following scheme:

[0010] The utility model air compression energy storage and energy replenishing device is characterized in that it includes an upper water tank located at a high place and a storage tank located at a low place and connected to the upper water tank through a water pipeline, the water pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline connected to the storage tank, a water turbine is connected in series on the branch pipeline, the water turbine is connected to a first generator, so as to drive the first generator to generate electricity when the water turbine is rotated by the impact of the water flow, the lower water port of the branch pipeline is connected to the storage tank, and the branch pipeline and the water pipeline are respectively provided with a switch water valve; the storage tank is also connected to the gas pipeline, the inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected to a compression pipeline, the compression pipeline is sequentially connected to an air compressor and a first switch air valve, and the air compressor is driven to work by power supply from the power grid during off-peak electricity; the storage tank is also connected to an exhaust pipeline having an exhaust switch valve.

[0011] Preferably, the inlet end of the gas pipeline is provided with an expansion pipeline connected in parallel with the compression pipeline, and the expansion pipeline is connected to a turbine and a second switching valve in sequence, and the turbine is connected to a second generator so that when the turbine is rotated by the impact of the high-pressure airflow, it drives the second generator to generate electricity.

[0012] Preferably, a first heat-cold exchange chamber is connected in series between the air compressor and the first switch air valve on the compression pipeline, and a second heat-cold exchange chamber is connected in series between the turbine and the second switch air valve on the expansion pipeline.

[0013] Preferably, the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to an insulation box to achieve heat exchange between each other, and flowing water circulates in the first heat exchange chamber, the second heat exchange chamber and the insulation box to achieve heat exchange; the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are placed in a position where they can be directly exposed to the sun to increase the temperature of the water in the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber each include at least two groups of independent heat-conducting shells that are stacked together, the heat-conducting shell includes an outer shell with an inlet and an outlet and a heat-conducting plate arranged in the outer shell to separate it into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber and the lower chamber are connected to the inlet and the outlet, the heat-conducting plate is densely covered with perforations connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber, a plurality of rib plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the upper and lower chambers, and the chambers separated by the rib plates are connected through channels on the rib plates; or the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have three groups of heat-conducting shells that are stacked together in sequence, wherein the middle group of heat-conducting shells has an independent inlet and outlet, and the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting shells of the upper and lower groups are shared; or the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have four groups of heat-conducting shells that are stacked together in sequence, wherein the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting shells of the first and third groups are shared, and the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting shells of the second and fourth groups are shared.

[0015] Preferably, the storage tanks have multiple levels, namely, first-level storage tanks, second-level storage tanks, ... Nth-level storage tanks, and the depth of each level of storage tanks decreases successively. Each level of storage tanks is connected to the water pipeline via two water branch pipelines and switch valves on the water branch pipelines. The turbine is connected in series to the first water branch pipeline of the first-level storage tank, and the second water branch pipeline of each other level of storage tanks is connected to the outlet of the turbine via a switch valve; each level of storage tanks is connected to the gas pipeline via a gas branch pipeline and the switch valve on the gas branch pipeline, and the gas pipeline bypass branch is connected to the exhaust port and the exhaust switch valve.

[0016] Preferably, the first generator and the second generator are the same generator, the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the generator through a first clutch and a gearbox, and the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the generator through a second clutch; or the generator is an integrated electric and generator machine, and the air compressor is connected to the gearbox through a third clutch.

[0017] The working method of the air compression energy storage and energy replenishing device of the utility model is characterized in that: in the initial state, the switch water valve, the first switch air valve and the second switch air valve are closed, the exhaust switch valve is opened, the storage cabin is a cavity, and it is connected to the outside world through the exhaust pipe, and the cavity pressure in the storage cabin is the same as the outside pressure; when power generation is required (that is, during peak power consumption), the switch water valve on the branch pipe is opened, and the water in the upper water tank flows through the branch pipe due to gravity, driving the turbine to work and realizing the power generation of the first generator; when the water level sensor in the storage cabin senses that the water level in the cabin is almost full, after the exhaust switch valve is closed, the water in the upper water tank flows into the storage cabin due to gravity to realize the compression of the air in the storage cabin. When the air in the storage cabin is compressed to equilibrium, that is, the air in the storage cabin can no longer be compressed, the branch pipe has no The water continues to flow without generating electricity. When the electricity consumption is low (the electricity fee is cheap), the water valves on the water pipeline and the branch pipeline are closed, the first air valve is opened, and the second air valve is closed. The compressor is powered by the cheaper power grid, and the air with a higher pressure than the air in the storage tank is pressed into the storage tank. At the same time, the water valve of the water pipeline is opened, so that the water in the storage tank is squeezed back into the upper water tank through the water pipeline. When the water in the storage tank is completely squeezed out of the storage tank, the first air valve and the water valve of the water pipeline are closed. When power generation is needed, the second air valve is opened, and the high-pressure air in the storage tank drives the turbine to work through the air pipeline, so that the turbine drives the second generator to generate electricity. When the high-pressure air in the storage tank is completely output, the storage tank returns to the aforementioned initial state.

[0018] During the operation of the compressor, the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline carries a large amount of heat. After passing through the first heat exchange chamber, the compressed air exchanges heat with the water medium in the insulation box through the first heat exchange chamber, and the heat is retained in the insulation box. During the operation of the turbine, the water in the insulation box exchanges heat with the second heat exchange chamber, and the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline is subjected to heat transfer from the second heat exchange chamber, so that the temperature of the compressed air flowing through the second heat exchange chamber is increased, the pressure of the compressed air is increased, the power of the turbine shaft is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the second generator is improved.

[0019] Preferably, during the operation of the above-mentioned compressor, the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline carries a large amount of heat. After passing through the first heat exchange chamber, the compressed air exchanges heat with the water medium in the insulation box through the first heat exchange chamber, and the heat is retained in the insulation box; during the operation of the turbine, the water in the insulation box exchanges heat with the second heat exchange chamber, and the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline is subjected to heat transfer from the second heat exchange chamber, so that the temperature of the compressed air flowing through the second heat exchange chamber is increased, the pressure of the compressed air is increased, the power of the turbine shaft is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the second generator is improved.

[0020] The working method of the air compression energy storage and replenishing device of the utility model is characterized in that: in the initial state, the water switch valves at various levels, the first switch air valve, and the second switch air valve are closed, the exhaust switch valve is opened, and the switch air valves of the storage compartments at various levels are opened, and the storage compartments at various levels are cavities, which are connected to the outside world through exhaust pipes, and the cavity pressure in the storage compartments at various levels is the same as the pressure of the outside world; when power generation is required (i.e., during peak power consumption), the exhaust switch valve is opened, and the switch air valves at various levels and the switch water valves of the branch pipes are opened and closed step by step; the switch air valve of the Nth level and the switch water valve of the branch pipe are opened, water is introduced into the Nth level storage compartment until the water is full, the switch air valve of the Nth level and the switch water valve of the branch pipe are closed, and then the switch air valve of the N-1th level and the switch water valve of the branch pipe are opened. The switch water valve of the channel... After the first-stage storage tank is full of water, close the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank and the switch water valve of the branch pipeline to ensure that when each stage of the storage tank is filled with water, the water will flow through the turbine. The water in the upper water tank flows through the branch water pipeline due to gravity, driving the turbine to work and realizing the power generation of the first generator. When the water finally enters the first-stage storage tank, the water level sensor in the first-stage storage tank senses that the water in the tank is almost full, close the exhaust valve and the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank, and the water in the upper water tank continues to flow into the storage tanks of each stage due to gravity to compress the air in the first-stage storage tank. When the air in the first-stage storage tank is compressed to balance, that is, the air in the cabin can no longer be compressed, the branch pipelines do not continue to flow water, and power generation does not continue, and the branch pipelines are closed. The switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank; when the electricity consumption is low (the electricity fee is cheap, when storing energy), the switch water valves of each level are closed first, the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank is opened, the first switch air valve is opened, the second switch air valve is closed, the switch exhaust valve is closed, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in series with the turbine is closed, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, the compressor works, and the air with a higher pressure than the air in the storage tank is pressed into the first-stage storage tank, so that the water in the first-stage storage tank is squeezed back to the upper water tank through the water pipe (in this process, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in series with the turbine is closed, and the switch water valve connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, so that the water is not affected by the turbine when it flows back to the upper water tank Resistance), until the water in the first-stage storage tank is drained, and the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank is closed; thereafter, the switch air valves of the storage tanks of each stage are opened step by step, and the switch water valves of the storage tanks of each stage are opened and closed step by step, that is, the water valve of the N-stage storage tank is opened to lead water in until the tank is full of water, and then the N-stage water valve is closed. In this stage, the switch air valve is opened step by step and not closed), and the high-pressure air of the previous-stage storage tank is used to push the water in the next-stage storage tank to the upper water tank. In this process, ensure that the switch water valve of the storage tank of this stage connected in series with the turbine is closed, and the switch water valve connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, so that the water does not encounter resistance from the turbine when it flows back to the upper water tank. When the water in the storage tanks of each stage is completely squeezed out of the storage tanks, the energy storage ends, and ensure that the switch water valves of each stage are closed;When power generation is required, the second switch valve is opened, and the high-pressure air in each level of the storage compartment drives the turbine to work through the gas pipeline, so that the turbine drives the second generator to generate power. When the high-pressure air in the storage compartment is completely output, the storage compartment returns to the aforementioned initial state. ;

[0021] The working method of the air compression energy storage and replenishment device of the utility model is characterized in that: it includes a sealed lower reservoir, an open lower reservoir and an upper reservoir, a first water pipeline is connected between the upper reservoir and the sealed lower reservoir, a second water pipeline is connected between the upper reservoir and the lower reservoir, a control water valve is arranged on the second water pipeline, a one-way valve and a first water valve are connected in series on the first water pipeline, the impeller of the water turbine extends into the second water pipeline, the output shaft of the water turbine is connected to the first end rotating shaft of the generator, the second end rotating shaft of the generator is respectively connected to the turbine and the air compressor through a gear box, the turbine and the air compressor are respectively connected to the sealed lower reservoir through a first air pipeline and a second air pipeline, the first air pipeline and the second air pipeline are respectively connected in series with a first air valve and a second air valve, a communicating dark pipe and a second water valve arranged on the dark pipe are arranged between the sealed lower reservoir and the lower reservoir, and an openable and closable exhaust port is arranged on the sealed lower reservoir;

[0022] When working and storing energy, ensure that the second water valve is closed, open the second air valve on the output end of the air compressor, start the air compressor, and when high-pressure gas is transported to the sealed lower reservoir, open the one-way valve and the first water valve at the same time, and the air pressure transports the water in the sealed lower reservoir to the upper reservoir until the water in the sealed lower reservoir is completely input into the upper reservoir, and close the second air valve and the first water valve of the air compressor. At this time, the sealed lower reservoir is filled with high-pressure air; when generating electricity, open the first air valve on the side of the turbine input end, and the high-pressure gas in the sealed lower reservoir is transported to the turbine, and the turbine rotates the generator to generate electricity until the high-pressure gas is transported, and close the first air valve on the turbine; when the control water valve is opened, the upper reservoir rushes to the turbine, and the turbine rotates to generate electricity; when the water level of the lower reservoir reaches the safe water level, close the control water valve; during the power generation process, open the exhaust port of the sealed lower reservoir to allow the inside and outside of the sealed lower reservoir to communicate, and at the same time open the second water valve of the concealed pipe to allow the water in the lower reservoir to flow to the sealed lower reservoir until the sealed lower reservoir is filled.

[0023] The air compression energy storage and replenishment device of the utility model is beneficial to utilizing water resources to generate electricity during peak electricity consumption, utilizing surplus electricity to store energy during low electricity consumption, and improving energy utilization rate. Description of the drawings:

[0025] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings;

[0026] Figure 1 It is a working mechanism diagram of the utility model;

[0027] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the utility model;

[0028] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partial view of

[0029] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the water turbine, the first generator and the switch water valve on the water pipeline;

[0030] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of a heat-conducting housing;

[0031] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of another embodiment of a heat-conducting housing;

[0032] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of a cold and hot exchange cabin;

[0033] Figure 8 is a three-dimensional diagram of another embodiment of a cold and hot exchange chamber;

[0034] Fig. 9 is a three-dimensional diagram of another embodiment of a cold and hot exchange chamber;

[0035] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the utility model;

[0036] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a first generator and a second generator share a generator;

[0037] Fig.12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in which the first generator, the second generator and the electric motor driving the compressor share a common device (a generator and motor all-in-one machine).

[0038] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of another embodiment of the utility model.

[0040] Fig.15 yes Fig.14 A partial view of the . Specific implementation method:

[0042] The utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0043] One embodiment: The utility model air compression energy storage and charging device comprises an upper water tank 1 located at a high place and a storage compartment 3 located at a low place and connected to the upper water tank 1 through a water pipeline 2, such as Figure 2As shown, the upper water tank 1 is located on the ground, and the storage tank 3 is located 500-1000 meters underground. The storage tank 3 can be an underground salt cavern. The water pipeline 2 is provided with a branch pipeline 4 connected to the storage tank 3. The branch pipeline 4 is connected in series with a turbine 5. The turbine 5 is connected to a first generator 6 to drive the first generator 6 to generate electricity when the turbine 5 is rotated by the impact of the water flow. The branch pipeline 4 and the water pipeline 2 are respectively provided with a switch water valve 7; the storage tank 3 is also connected to a gas pipeline 8, and the inlet of the gas pipeline 8 is connected to the gas pipeline 8. A compression pipeline 9 and an expansion pipeline 10 are connected in parallel at the end, the compression pipeline 9 is connected in sequence to an air compressor 11 (it can also be other air compression units, such as an air pump, etc.) and a first switch air valve 12, the expansion pipeline 10 is connected in sequence to a turbine 13 and a second switch air valve 14, the turbine 13 is connected to a second generator 15, so that when the turbine 13 is rotated by the impact of the high-pressure airflow, it drives the second generator 15 to generate electricity, and the storage compartment 3 is also connected to an exhaust pipeline 17 with an exhaust switch valve 16.

[0044] In order to improve the thermal efficiency, a first heat exchange chamber 18 is connected in series between the air compressor 11 and the first switch valve 12 on the compression pipeline 9, and a second heat exchange chamber 19 is connected in series between the turbine 13 and the second switch valve 14 on the expansion pipeline 10. Figure 2 shown.

[0045] Since air generates heat during the compression process, the heat can be stored in the insulation box through the heat exchange chamber and the insulation box. When air compression needs to generate electricity, the high-pressure gas needs to increase the temperature to improve the power generation efficiency of the turbine. The heat exchanger can be used to reversely replenish energy to the turbine, thereby improving the efficiency of the high-pressure gas input to the turbine.

[0046] Preferably, the first heat exchange chamber 18 and the second heat exchange chamber 19 are respectively connected to the insulation box 20 to achieve heat exchange between each other, and flowing water circulates in the first heat exchange chamber 18, the second heat exchange chamber 19 and the insulation box 20 to achieve heat exchange; the first heat exchange chamber 18 and the second heat exchange chamber 19 are placed in a position where they can be directly exposed to the sun to increase the temperature of the water in the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber.

[0047] An embodiment of the cold and heat exchange chamber (such as Figure 5 , 6, 7), the first heat exchange chamber 18 and the second heat exchange chamber 19 each include at least two groups of independent heat-conducting shells 21 that are closely attached to each other and overlapped, the heat-conducting shell 21 includes an outer shell 24 with an inlet 22 and an outlet 23 and a heat-conducting plate 25 arranged in the outer shell to separate it into an upper cavity and a lower cavity, the upper cavity 26 and the lower cavity 27 are communicated with the inlet 22 and the outlet 23, the heat-conducting plate 25 is densely covered with through holes 28 that connect the upper cavity and the lower cavity, a plurality of rib plates 29 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the upper and lower cavities, and the chambers separated by the rib plates 29 are communicated through channels 30 on the rib plates.

[0048] Another embodiment of the heat exchange chamber (such as Figure 5 , 6 , 8), the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have three groups of heat-conducting shells which are sequentially attached and stacked, wherein the middle group of heat-conducting shells has independent inlet and outlet, and the inlet and outlet of the upper and lower groups of heat-conducting shells are shared.

[0049] Another embodiment of the heat exchange chamber (such as Figure 5 , 6 , 9), the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have four groups of heat-conducting shells which are sequentially attached and stacked, wherein the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting shells of the first group and the third group are shared, and the inlet and outlet of the heat-conducting shells of the second group and the fourth group are shared.

[0050] When storing energy, high-pressure water pressure is input into the storage compartment to squeeze the air in the compartment, so that the air reaches the pressure required by the air compression unit (air compressor), providing stable pressure support for the stable operation of inputting high-pressure gas;

[0051] During power generation, the upper water tank transmits high-pressure water flow to the turbine through a water pipe, driving the turbine to rotate and generate electricity. The upper water reservoir is connected to the storage tank through a water pipe, and the water pipe is branched at the storage tank, so that power generation and drainage can be isolated and separated without affecting each other. When high-pressure air enters the storage tank, it squeezes the water surface in the tank from top to bottom, and the water is discharged from the outlet to the upper water tank through the water pipe without passing through the turbine and being affected by the resistance of the turbine, allowing water to be discharged smoothly and reducing energy loss.

[0052] Air compression energy storage: Start the air compression unit (air compressor) to input high-pressure gas into the storage compartment. After the high-pressure gas enters the storage compartment, it squeezes the water surface downward. After the air pressure sensor feedbacks that the air pressure is greater than the water pressure, the water valve is opened. At this time, the storage compartment is filled with water, and the water in the compartment is discharged from the water outlet through the water pipe to the upper pool. When the water level in the compartment is lower than the safe water level, turn off the air compression unit, close the first switch air valve, close the switch water gate, and the air compression energy storage ends.

[0053] 1. The working method of the air compression energy storage and energy replenishing device of the utility model is that in the initial state, the switch water valve, the first switch air valve and the second switch air valve are closed, the exhaust switch valve is opened, the storage compartment is a cavity, and it is connected to the outside world through the exhaust pipe, and the cavity pressure in the storage compartment is the same as the outside pressure; when power generation is required (that is, during peak power consumption), the switch water valve on the branch pipe is opened, and the water in the upper water tank flows through the branch pipe due to gravity, driving the turbine to work and realizing the first generator to generate electricity; when the water level sensor in the storage compartment senses that the water level in the compartment is almost full, after the exhaust switch valve is closed, the water in the upper water tank flows into the storage compartment due to gravity, realizing the compression of the air in the storage compartment. When the air in the storage compartment is compressed to equilibrium, that is, the air in the storage compartment can no longer be compressed, the branch pipe does not continue to be compressed. The water is passed through and no power generation continues; when the electricity consumption is low (the electricity fee is cheap), the switch water valves on the water pipeline and the branch pipeline are closed, the first switch air valve is opened, and the second switch air valve is closed, and the compressor is powered by the cheaper power grid to pressurize air with a higher pressure than the air in the storage tank into the storage tank, and at the same time, the switch water valve of the water pipeline is opened, so that the water in the storage tank is squeezed back into the upper water tank through the water pipeline. When the water in the storage tank is completely squeezed out of the storage tank, the first switch air valve and the switch water valve of the water pipeline are closed; when power generation is needed, the second switch air valve is opened, and the high-pressure air in the storage tank drives the turbine to work through the air pipeline, so that the turbine drives the second generator to generate electricity. After the high-pressure air in the storage tank is completely output, the storage tank returns to the aforementioned initial state.

[0054] During the operation of the above-mentioned compressor, the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline carries a large amount of heat. After passing through the first heat exchange chamber, the compressed air exchanges heat with the water medium or oil medium in the insulation box through the first heat exchange chamber, and the heat is retained in the insulation box. During the operation of the turbine, the water in the insulation box exchanges heat with the second heat exchange chamber, and the compressed air passing through the gas pipeline is subjected to heat transfer from the second heat exchange chamber, so that the temperature of the compressed air flowing through the second heat exchange chamber is increased, the pressure of the compressed air is increased, the power of the turbine shaft is increased, and the power generation efficiency of the second generator is improved.

[0055] like Fig.10As shown, another embodiment, the above-mentioned storage tanks have multiple levels, namely the first-level storage tank, the second-level storage tank,... the N-th level storage tank, the setting depth of each level of the storage tank decreases successively, the storage tanks of each level are connected to the water pipeline 2 through two water branch pipelines and the switch water valve 7 on the water branch pipeline, the turbine 5 is connected in series to the first water branch pipeline 4 of the first-level storage tank, and the second water branch pipeline 4 of each level of the storage tank is connected to the outlet of the turbine 5 through a switch water valve 7; the storage tanks of each level are connected to the gas pipeline 8 through the gas branch pipeline and the switch gas valve 31 on the gas branch pipeline, the gas pipeline 8 is connected to the exhaust port and the exhaust switch valve 16, and the gas pipeline 8 is connected to the compression pipeline 9 and the expansion pipeline 10.

[0056] In this embodiment, in the initial state, the water valves 7 at each level, the first gas valve 12 and the second gas valve 14 are closed, the exhaust valve 16 is opened, and the gas valves of the storage compartments at each level are opened. The storage compartments at each level are cavities, which are connected to the outside world through the exhaust pipe 8. The cavity pressure in the storage compartments at each level is the same as the outside pressure. When power generation is required (i.e., during peak power consumption), the exhaust valve is opened, and the gas valves at each level and the water valves of the branch pipelines are opened and closed step by step. The N-th gas valve and the water valve of the branch pipeline are opened, and water is introduced into the N-th storage compartment until it is full of water. Then, the N-th gas valve and the water valve of the branch pipeline are closed, and then the N-th gas valve and the water valve of the branch pipeline are opened... to the first level. After the storage tank is full of water, close the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank and the switch water valve of the branch pipeline to ensure that when each stage of the storage tank is filled with water, the water will flow through the turbine. The water in the upper water tank flows through the branch water pipeline due to gravity, driving the turbine to work and realizing the power generation of the first generator. When the water finally enters the first-stage storage tank, the water level sensor in the first-stage storage tank senses that the water in the tank is almost full, and closes the exhaust valve and the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank. The water in the upper water tank continues to flow into the storage tanks of each stage due to gravity to compress the air in the first-stage storage tank. When the air in the first-stage storage tank is compressed to balance, that is, the air in the tank can no longer be compressed, the branch pipelines do not continue to pass water, and power generation does not continue. The first-stage storage tank is closed. Switch water valve; when electricity consumption is low (electricity is cheap, energy is stored), all levels of switch water valves are closed first, the switch air valve of the first-stage storage tank is opened, the first switch air valve is opened, the second switch air valve is closed, the switch exhaust valve is closed, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in series with the turbine is closed, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, the compressor works, and air with a higher pressure than the air in the storage tank is pressed into the first-stage storage tank, thereby squeezing the water in the first-stage storage tank back to the upper water tank through the water pipe (in this process, the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank connected in series with the turbine is closed, and the switch water valve connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, so that the water does not encounter resistance from the turbine when it flows back to the upper water tank) , until the water in the first-stage storage tank is drained, and the switch water valve of the first-stage storage tank is closed; thereafter, the switch air valves of the storage tanks of each stage are opened step by step, and the switch water valves of the storage tanks of each stage are opened and closed step by step, that is, the water valve of the N-stage storage tank is opened to lead water in until the tank is full of water, and then the N-stage water valve is closed. In this stage, the switch air valve is opened step by step and not closed), and the water in the next-stage storage tank is pushed to the upper water tank by the high-pressure air of the previous-stage storage tank. In this process, ensure that the switch water valve of the storage tank of this stage connected in series with the turbine is closed, and the switch water valve connected in parallel with the turbine is opened, so that the water does not encounter resistance from the turbine when it flows back to the upper water tank. When the water in the storage tanks of each stage is completely squeezed out of the storage tanks, the energy storage ends, and ensure that the switch water valves of each stage are closed;When power generation is required, the second switch valve is opened, and the high-pressure air in each level of the storage compartment drives the turbine to work through the gas pipeline, so that the turbine drives the second generator to generate power. When the high-pressure air in the storage compartment is completely output, the storage compartment returns to the aforementioned initial state. ;

[0057] like Fig.11 As shown, the first generator and the second generator are the same generator, the output shaft of the turbine 13 is connected to the generator (i.e., the first generator 6) through the first clutch 32 and the gear box 33, and the output shaft of the turbine 5 is connected to the generator (i.e., the first generator 6) through the second clutch 34. When the turbine 5 is working and the turbine 13 is not working, the second clutch 34 is engaged (the first clutch 32 is in a disengaged state) to enable the first generator 6 to generate electricity. When the turbine 5 is not working and the turbine 13 is working, the first clutch 32 is engaged (the second clutch 34 is in a disengaged state) to also enable the first generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0058] like Fig.12 As shown, the above-mentioned generator is an integrated motor and generator, and the air compressor 11 is connected to the gear box 33 through the third clutch 35; when the turbine 5 is working, the turbine 13 is not working, and the compressor 11 is not working, the second clutch 34 is engaged (the first clutch 32 and the third clutch 35 are in a disengaged state) to realize the first generator 6 to generate electricity, when the turbine 5 and the compressor 11 are not working, and the turbine 13 is working, the first clutch 32 is engaged (the second clutch 34 and the third clutch 35 are in a disengaged state) to also realize the first generator 6 to generate electricity, when the integrated motor and generator (i.e. (the first generator 6) is used as a motor, the third clutch 35 is engaged (the first clutch 32 and the second clutch 34 are in a disengaged state), the compressor 11 is working, and the turbine 5 and the turbine 13 are not working.

[0059] like Fig.13 As shown, in another embodiment, the storage tank has two levels (or may be multiple levels, this embodiment only takes two levels as an example), namely, the first storage tank A1 and the second storage tank A2, the first storage tank is located 1000 meters below the upper water tank, the second storage tank is located 800 meters below the upper water tank, the first storage tank is connected to the water pipeline 2 through the first water branch pipeline A3 and the second water branch pipeline A4, the first water branch pipeline A3 and the second water branch pipeline A4 are respectively connected in series with the first water valve A5 and the second water valve A6, the impeller of the turbine 5 extends into the first water branch pipeline A3, the shaft of the turbine 5 is connected to the first generator 6 through the second clutch 34, the second storage tank A2 is connected to the water pipeline 2 through the third water branch pipeline A7 and the fourth water valve A8 connected in series thereto, the third water branch pipeline A7 and the first water branch pipeline A3 are connected with a connecting pipeline A9 and a third water valve A10 connected in series to the connecting pipeline A9;

[0060] The first stage storage compartment A1 is connected to the third cold and heat exchange compartment A12, the low pressure turbine A13 and the exhaust pipe A14 through the first air pipe A11. The exhaust port of the exhaust pipe A14 is on the ground. The first air valve A15 and the sixth air valve A16 are connected in series on the first air pipe A11. The first air valve A15 and the sixth air valve A16 are connected with the air delivery pipeline 8. The outlet end of the low pressure turbine A13 is connected to the exhaust pipe A14. Fig.12 As shown, the shaft of the low-pressure turbine is connected to the first generator 6 through the first clutch 32. A compression pipeline 9 and an expansion pipeline 10 are connected in parallel at one inlet end of the gas pipeline 8, the compression pipeline 9 is connected to the air compressor 11 and the first switch air valve 12 in sequence, the expansion pipeline 10 is connected to the turbine 13 and the second switch air valve 14 in sequence, the turbine 13 is connected to the second generator 15, so that when the turbine 13 is impacted by the high-pressure airflow and rotates, the second generator 15 is driven to generate electricity; the other inlet end of the gas pipeline 8 is connected to the air compression pump A18 after passing through the one-way valve A17, and the power shaft of the air compression pump A18 is connected to the output shaft of the fan;

[0061] The second-stage storage compartment A2 is connected to the gas supply pipeline 8 through the fourth gas pipe A19 and the fourth gas valve A25 thereon. The second-stage storage compartment A2 is also connected to the exhaust pipeline A14 through the fifth gas pipe A20, and the fifth gas valve A26 is connected in series to the fifth gas pipe A20.

[0062] A second air pipe A21 is connected between the fourth air pipe A19 and the first air pipe A11, and a second air valve A22 is connected in series to the second air pipe A21. A third air pipe A23 is also connected between the first air pipe A11 and the exhaust pipe A14, and a third air valve A24 is connected in series to the third air pipe A23.

[0063] During operation, when the power consumption is at a peak, the second on-off valve 14 is opened, the first valve A15, the sixth valve A16 and the fourth valve A25 are closed, and when the fan rotates, the air compression pump A18 is driven to work, and the air compression pump A18 directly inputs high-pressure gas to the turbine 13 for power generation; when the power consumption is at a low point, the wind is strong, the sixth valve A16 is closed, the first valve A15 is opened, the second water valve A6 is opened (the first on-off valve 12 and the second on-off valve 14 are closed), and the air compression pump A18 inputs high-pressure gas to the first-stage storage tank A 1 inputs high-pressure gas to store energy. If the electricity consumption is low and the wind is very small or there is no wind, the air compressor 11 can also work to input high-pressure gas to the first-stage storage tank A1; squeeze the water in the first-stage storage tank A1 to the upper reservoir. When the water level sensor senses that the water level in the first-stage storage tank A1 is lower than the safe water level, close the first air valve A15 and the second water valve A6, open the second switch air valve 14, and the fan rotates to drive the air compression pump A18 to work. The air compression pump A18 directly inputs high-pressure gas to the turbine 13 to generate electricity. At the same time, the second air valve A22 and the fourth water valve A8 are opened, the first storage tank A1 is connected with the second storage tank A2, the high-pressure gas in the first storage tank A1 is input into the second storage tank A2, and the high-pressure gas squeezes the water in the second storage tank A2 to the upper reservoir. When the water level sensor senses that the water level in the second storage tank A2 is lower than the safe water level, the fourth water valve A8 is closed. At this time, the air pressure in the first storage tank A1 and the second storage tank A2 is reduced by one level compared with the original air pressure in the first storage tank A1, becoming low pressure During the peak period of electricity consumption, because the second air valve A22 is already opened, the first-stage storage compartment A1 and the second-stage storage compartment A2 are connected in space, the first air valve A15 and the sixth air valve A16 are opened, and at the same time the first clutch 32 is engaged (the second clutch 34 is in a disengaged state), the low-pressure turbine A13 is connected to the first generator 6, and the first-stage storage compartment A1 and the second-stage storage compartment A2 input low-pressure air to the low-pressure turbine A13 through the first air valve A15 and the sixth air valve A16, driving the low-pressure turbine to rotate the first generator 6 to generate electricity.

[0064] After the low-pressure gas in the first-stage storage tank A1 and the second-stage storage tank A2 is completely discharged to the low-pressure turbine A13, the first air valve A15, the second air valve A22 and the sixth air valve A16 are closed, and the fifth air valve A26 is opened. The space of the second-stage storage tank A2 is communicated with the outside world on the ground through the exhaust pipe A14; the second clutch 34 is engaged (the first clutch 32 is in a disengaged state), the turbine 5 is connected to the first generator 6, and the third water valve A10 is opened. The water of the upper reservoir 1 enters the second-stage storage tank A2 through the first water delivery branch pipe A3 and the connecting pipe A9. When the water of the upper reservoir 1 passes through the first water delivery branch pipe A3, the turbine 5 is driven to rotate the first generator 6 to generate electricity; when the water level sensor senses that the water in the second-stage storage tank A2 is full, the fifth air valve A26 and the third water valve A10 are closed. , open the third air valve A24, let the space of the first-stage storage tank A1 communicate with the outside world on the ground through the exhaust pipe A14, and at the same time open the first water valve A5, the water of the upper reservoir 1 is transferred to the first water valve A5 through the first water delivery branch pipe A3 and enters the first-stage storage tank A1, and the turbine 5 continues to rotate the first generator 6 to generate electricity; when the water level sensor senses that the water in the first-stage storage tank A1 is almost full, close the third air valve A24, and water continues to enter the first-stage storage tank A1, squeezing the air in the first-stage storage tank A1, until the air pressure in the first-stage storage tank A1 is balanced with the water pressure entering the tank (the air pressure of the first-stage storage tank A1 reaches the working pressure of the air compression pump A18 and the air compressor 11), the water of the upper reservoir 1 cannot enter the first-stage storage tank A1, close the first water valve A5, and end the water diversion power generation.

[0065] Another embodiment, such as Fig.14 As shown, it includes a sealed lower reservoir B1, an open lower reservoir B2 and an upper reservoir B3, a first water pipeline B4 is connected between the upper reservoir B3 and the sealed lower reservoir B1, a second water pipeline B5 is connected between the upper reservoir B3 and the lower reservoir B2, a control water valve B19 is provided on the second water pipeline B5, a one-way valve B6 and a first water valve B7 are connected in series on the first water pipeline B4, the one-way valve B6 can only flow out but not in, so as to prevent the water of the upper reservoir B3 from flowing back; the impeller of the turbine B18 extends into the second water pipeline B5, and the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the first The first end shaft, the second end shaft of the generator is connected to the turbine B10 and the air compressor B11 through the gear box B9, the turbine B10 and the air compressor B11 are connected to the sealed lower water reservoir B1 through the first gas pipeline B12 and the second gas pipeline B13, the first gas pipeline B12 and the second gas pipeline B13 are respectively connected in series with the first gas valve B14 and the second gas valve B15, a communicating concealed pipe B16 and a second water valve B17 arranged on the concealed pipe are arranged between the sealed lower water reservoir B1 and the lower water reservoir B1, and an openable and closable exhaust port B20 is arranged on the sealed lower water reservoir B1.

[0066] When this embodiment is working, when storing energy, the second air valve B15 on the output end of the air compressor B11 is opened, the air compressor B11 is started, and when high-pressure gas is delivered to the sealed lower reservoir B1, the one-way valve B6 and the first water valve B7 are opened at the same time, and the air pressure delivers the water in the sealed lower reservoir B1 to the upper reservoir until the water in the sealed lower reservoir B1 is completely input into the upper reservoir B3, and the second air valve B15 of the air compressor B11 is closed. At this time, the sealed lower reservoir B1 is filled with high-pressure air; when generating electricity, the first air valve B14 on the side of the input end of the turbine B10 is opened, and the high-pressure gas in the sealed lower reservoir is delivered to the turbine B10, and the turbine B10 rotates the generator B8 to generate electricity until the high-pressure gas is delivered, and the first air valve B14 on the turbine is closed. When the control water valve B19 is opened, the upper reservoir B3 rushes to the turbine B18, turning the turbine B18 to generate electricity; when the water level of the lower reservoir reaches the safe water level, the control water valve B19 is closed; during the power generation process, the exhaust port B20 of the sealed lower reservoir is opened to allow the inside and outside of the sealed lower reservoir to communicate, and at the same time, the second water valve B17 of the concealed pipe B16 is opened to allow the water of the lower reservoir B2 to flow to the sealed lower reservoir B1 until the sealed lower reservoir B1 is filled.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model rather than to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, ordinary technicians in the relevant field should understand that the specific implementation methods of the utility model can still be modified or some technical features can be replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit of the technical solution of the utility model, which should be included in the scope of the technical solution for protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. An air compression energy storage and charging device, characterized in that: It includes an upper water tank located at a high place and a storage tank located at a low place which is connected to the upper water tank through a water pipeline. The water pipeline is provided with a branch pipeline connected to the storage tank. A turbine is connected in series on the branch pipeline. The turbine is connected to a first generator so that when the turbine rotates under the impact of water flow, it drives the first generator to generate electricity. The lower water outlet of the branch pipeline is connected to the storage tank. The branch pipeline and the water pipeline are respectively provided with a switch water valve; the storage tank is also connected to a gas pipeline. The inlet end of the gas pipeline is connected to a compression pipeline. The compression pipeline is connected to an air compressor and a first switch air valve in sequence. The air compressor is driven to work by power supply from the power grid during off-peak hours; the storage tank is also connected to an exhaust pipeline having an exhaust switch valve.

2. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An expansion pipeline connected in parallel with the compression pipeline is provided at the inlet end of the gas transmission pipeline, and a turbine and a second switch valve are connected to the expansion pipeline in sequence. The turbine is connected to the second generator so that when the turbine is rotated by the impact of the high-pressure airflow, it drives the second generator to generate electricity.

3. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A first heat exchange chamber is connected in series between the air compressor and the first switch air valve on the compression pipeline, and a second heat exchange chamber is connected in series between the turbine and the second switch air valve on the expansion pipeline; the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are respectively connected to the insulation box to realize heat exchange with each other, and flowing water circulates in the first heat exchange chamber, the second heat exchange chamber and the insulation box to realize heat exchange; the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber are placed in a position where they can be directly exposed to the sun to increase the temperature of water in the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber.

4. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber each include at least two groups of independent heat-conducting shells that are closely attached to each other and stacked. The heat-conducting shell includes an outer shell with an inlet and an outlet and a heat-conducting plate arranged in the outer shell to separate the outer shell into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The upper chamber and the lower chamber are connected to the inlet and the outlet. The heat-conducting plate is densely covered with perforations connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber. A plurality of rib plates are arranged in parallel and at intervals in the upper chamber and the lower chamber. The chambers separated by the rib plates are connected through channels on the rib plates.

5. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have three groups of heat-conductive shells that are stacked in sequence, wherein the middle group of heat-conductive shells has independent inlets and outlets, and the inlets and outlets of the heat-conductive shells of the upper and lower groups are shared; or the first heat exchange chamber and the second heat exchange chamber have four groups of heat-conductive shells that are stacked in sequence, wherein the inlets and outlets of the heat-conductive shells of the first and third groups are shared, and the inlets and outlets of the heat-conductive shells of the second and fourth groups are shared.

6. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The storage tanks have multiple levels, namely the first-level storage tank, the second-level storage tank, ... the Nth-level storage tank, and the setting depth of each level of storage tanks decreases successively. The storage tanks of each level are connected to the water pipeline through two water branch pipelines and the switch water valves on the water branch pipelines. The turbine is connected in series to the first water branch pipeline of the first-level storage tank, and the second water branch pipeline of each other level of storage tanks is connected to the outlet of the turbine through a switch water valve; the storage tanks of each level are connected to the gas pipeline through the gas branch pipeline and the switch gas valve on the gas branch pipeline, and the gas pipeline bypass branch is connected to the exhaust port and the exhaust switch valve.

7. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The first generator and the second generator are the same generator, the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the generator through a first clutch and a gear box, and the output shaft of the turbine is connected to the generator through a second clutch.

8. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The generator is an integrated motor and generator, and the air compressor is connected to the gear box through a third clutch.

9. The air compression energy storage and charging device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The storage tank has two levels, namely, a first-level storage tank and a second-level storage tank. The first-level storage tank is located 1000 meters below the upper water tank, and the second-level storage tank is located 800 meters below the upper water tank. The first-level storage tank is connected to the water pipeline through the first water branch pipeline and the second water branch pipeline. The first water branch pipeline and the second water branch pipeline are respectively connected in series with the first water valve and the second water valve. The impeller of the turbine extends into the first water branch pipeline. The shaft of the turbine is connected to the first generator through the second clutch. The second-level storage tank is connected to the water pipeline through the third water branch pipeline and the fourth water valve connected in series thereon. A connecting pipeline and a third water valve connected in series to the connecting pipeline are connected between the third water branch pipeline and the first water branch pipeline. The first-stage storage compartment is connected to the third cold and heat exchange compartment, the low-pressure turbine and the exhaust pipe through the first air pipe. The exhaust port of the exhaust pipe is on the ground. The first air valve and the sixth air valve are connected in series on the first air pipe. The first air valve and the sixth air valve are connected with the air pipeline. The outlet end of the low-pressure turbine is connected to the exhaust pipe. The shaft of the low-pressure turbine is connected to the first generator through the first clutch. A compression pipe and an expansion pipe are connected in parallel at one inlet of the air pipeline. The air compressor and the first switch air valve are connected to the compression pipe in sequence. The turbine and the second switch air valve are connected to the expansion pipe in sequence. The turbine is connected to the second generator so that the turbine drives the second generator to generate electricity when the turbine is rotated by the impact of the high-pressure airflow. The other inlet of the air pipeline is connected to the air compression pump after passing through a one-way valve. The power shaft of the air compression pump is connected to the output shaft of the fan. The second-stage storage compartment is connected to the gas pipeline through the fourth gas pipe and the fourth gas valve thereon, and the second-stage storage compartment is also connected to the exhaust pipeline through the fifth gas pipe, and the fifth gas valve is connected in series to the fifth gas pipe; A second air pipe is connected between the fourth air pipe and the first air pipe, a second air valve is connected in series to the second air pipe, a third air pipe is connected between the first air pipe and the exhaust pipe, and a third air valve is connected in series to the third air pipe.

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