Gas distribution system of internal combustion engine
By replacing the traditional gas distribution system with electronically controlled valves and Hall sensors in internal combustion engines, the problem of complex structure and piston valve collision is solved, structural simplification, reliability improvement and fuel savings are achieved, and starting resistance is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420889473.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-04-26
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-07
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-04-26
AI Technical Summary
The gas distribution system of traditional internal combustion engines is complex and unstable, and there is a risk of a piston and valve collision, and an alternative with a simple structure and higher reliability is needed.
Use electronically controlled valves, Hall sensors and controllers to replace traditional valve components and valve transmission components. The piston position is monitored through electronically controlled valves and Hall sensors, and the electronically controlled valves are opened or closed, which simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts to avoid pistons and Valve collision.
It has achieved simplified structure, reduced weight and improved reliability of the internal combustion engine, avoided the risk of collision between the piston and valve, reduced maintenance needs, and saved fuel under light load conditions, and improved starting convenience.
Smart Images
Figure CN222315198U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a gas distribution system of an internal combustion engine. Background Art
[0002] An internal combustion engine is a power machine that burns fuel inside the machine and converts the heat energy released into power directly. In a broad sense, internal combustion engines include not only reciprocating piston internal combustion engines, rotary piston engines and free piston engines, but also rotary impeller jet engines, but the internal combustion engines usually refer to piston internal combustion engines. Among piston internal combustion engines, the reciprocating piston type is the most common.
[0003] The piston internal combustion engine mixes fuel and air and burns them in its cylinder. The heat energy released generates high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas in the cylinder. The combustion gas expands and pushes the piston to work, and then outputs mechanical work through the crank-connecting rod mechanism or other mechanisms to drive the driven machine to work. Common ones include diesel engines and gasoline engines, which convert internal energy into mechanical energy and change internal energy by doing work.
[0004] Since its introduction in the 1860s, the piston internal combustion engine has been continuously improved and developed and has become a relatively complete machine. The traditional valve distribution system is generally realized through valve components and valve transmission components (timing chain / belt). The traditional valve distribution system has the risk of piston and valve collision, and the structure is complex and relatively unstable. By introducing a new valve distribution system to replace the traditional valve distribution system, the internal combustion engine design can be further optimized.
[0005] Therefore, a valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine with a simple structure and higher reliability is needed. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an internal combustion engine valve system in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. The structure is simple and light. The traditional valve system (valve assembly, valve transmission assembly) is replaced by an electronically controlled valve, a Hall sensor and a controller, which can reduce the number of parts and reduce the weight of the internal combustion engine. The utility model has high reliability and does not have the risk of collision between the piston and the valve in the traditional valve system.
[0007] The purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:
[0008] The utility model aims to provide a valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine, the valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine comprising: an electric control valve, a magnetic sensor, a controller, an internal combustion engine cylinder, and an internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly; the electric control valve is connected to the controller; the magnetic sensor is connected to the controller and is used to monitor the position of the internal combustion engine piston; the internal combustion engine cylinder comprises an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on a cylinder body; the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly is connected to the internal combustion engine cylinder; the electric control valve is installed on the air inlet and / or exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder; the electric control valve comprises a valve control motor, a valve body, a valve core, a reciprocating screw and an air vent; the valve control motor is connected to the controller; the valve core and the reciprocating screw are arranged in the valve body; the air vents are respectively opened on the side walls of the valve body; the reciprocating screw is connected to the valve control motor, and the valve control motor is used to control the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating screw; the reciprocating screw is connected to the valve core.
[0009] Furthermore, the controller is used to control the opening or closing of the electronically controlled valve, monitor the position of the piston of the internal combustion engine and control the oil supply of the oil supply system of the internal combustion engine.
[0010] Further preferably, the two electrically controlled valves are respectively mounted on the air intake port and the exhaust port of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine, and are respectively connected with the air intake port and the exhaust port of the cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
[0011] Furthermore, the magnetic sensitive sensor includes a Hall sensor and a magnetic component; the Hall sensor is connected to a controller for monitoring the piston position of an internal combustion engine; the magnetic component is connected to a crankshaft flywheel assembly of an internal combustion engine and rotates synchronously with the crankshaft flywheel assembly of the internal combustion engine, so that the Hall sensor can detect the piston position of the internal combustion engine through the magnetic component.
[0012] Furthermore, a through hole is formed on the valve body; the through hole is communicated with an air inlet or an exhaust port of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine.
[0013] Furthermore, the reciprocating screw is fixedly connected to the valve core.
[0014] Furthermore, the reciprocating screw is a double-helix screw.
[0015] Furthermore, the crankshaft-flywheel assembly comprises a crankshaft and a flywheel; the crankshaft and the flywheel are connected by bolts.
[0016] Furthermore, the internal combustion engine valve system also includes: an internal combustion engine piston and an internal combustion engine piston connecting rod; the internal combustion engine piston is slidably connected to the internal combustion engine cylinder; the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod connects the internal combustion engine piston and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly, that is, the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly and the internal combustion engine cylinder are indirectly connected through the internal combustion engine piston and the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod.
[0017] Furthermore, the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod is rotatably connected to the internal combustion engine piston and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly respectively.
[0018] Furthermore, the electrically controlled valve is connected to a controller for communication; and the Hall sensor is connected to the controller for communication.
[0019] Furthermore, the controller is respectively connected to the electrically controlled valves connected to the air inlet and / or exhaust port of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine.
[0020] Furthermore, the communication connection is a wired connection or a wireless connection.
[0021] Furthermore, the opening or closing of the electric-controlled valve is achieved by the controller controlling the valve control motor, the valve core, and the reciprocating screw.
[0022] Furthermore, the response speed and rated pressure of the electronically controlled valve are sufficient to replace the traditional valve function of an internal combustion engine.
[0023] Furthermore, the Hall sensor has the function of monitoring the piston of the internal combustion engine and feeding back to the controller.
[0024] Furthermore, the controller satisfies the function of controlling the opening or closing of the electric control valve and the fuel supply system of the internal combustion engine.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in the following aspects:
[0026] 1) The utility model proposes a valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine, which can simplify the structure and weight of the internal combustion engine, and replace the traditional valve distribution system (valve assembly, valve transmission assembly) with an electronically controlled valve, a Hall sensor and a controller;
[0027] 2) The utility model proposes an internal combustion engine gas distribution system, which includes an electric control valve composed of a valve control motor, a valve body, a valve core, a reciprocating screw, and an air inlet / exhaust port. The reciprocating screw is used to control the opening or closing of the electric control valve, which can meet the requirements of the internal combustion engine for the response speed and rated pressure of the electric control valve;
[0028] 3) The valve distribution system of an internal combustion engine proposed by the utility model can improve the working reliability of the internal combustion engine and will not cause the risk of collision between the piston and the valve of the traditional valve distribution system;
[0029] 4) The internal combustion engine valve distribution system proposed by the utility model can realize maintenance-free internal combustion engine valve distribution system, and the electronic control valve, Hall sensor and controller have simple structures and are more reliable than the timing chain / belt of the traditional valve distribution system;
[0030] 5) The utility model proposes a valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine. For a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, it is easy to control the working state of the cylinders, which can save fuel under light load conditions, and control the exhaust / intake valves of one or several cylinders to open during the compression / power stroke, while closing the fuel supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the valve distribution system of the internal combustion engine of the utility model.
[0032] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the valve distribution system of an internal combustion engine of the present utility model.
[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the electronically controlled valve in the gas distribution system of the internal combustion engine of the utility model.
[0034] In the figure:
[0035] 1-electrically controlled valve, 2-Hall sensor, 3-controller, 4-internal combustion engine cylinder, 5-internal combustion engine piston, 6-internal combustion engine piston connecting rod, 7-crankshaft flywheel assembly, 8-magnetic part, 9-valve control motor, 10-valve body, 11-valve core, 12-reciprocating screw, 13-vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0036] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and drawings, but is by no means intended to limit the present invention. Any features, such as preparation methods, materials, structures, or composition ratios, that are not clearly described in this technical solution are considered to be common technical features disclosed in the prior art.
[0037] In the drawings, components with the same structure are indicated by the same numerical labels, and components with similar structures or functions are indicated by similar numerical labels. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are shown arbitrarily, and the present invention does not limit the size and thickness of each component. In order to make the illustration clearer and show the matching relationship between the various components, some parts in the drawings are appropriately scaled, and the distance between the components is increased or decreased.
[0038] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the products of the application are conventionally placed when in use, or are the orientations or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art. They are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
[0039] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
[0040] The internal combustion engine valve distribution system of the present technical solution comprises an electrically controlled valve 1, a Hall sensor 2 and a controller 3; the electrically controlled valve 1 is installed at the intake and exhaust ports of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4, replacing the traditional valve, and is controlled to be opened or closed by the controller 3; the electrically controlled valve 1 comprises a valve control motor 9, a valve body 10, a valve core 11, a reciprocating screw 12, and an air vent 13; the Hall sensor 2 is installed at a specified position of the internal combustion engine crankshaft or flywheel 7, connected to the controller 3, and monitors the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5; the controller 3 is connected to the electrically controlled valve 1 and the Hall sensor 2, and is used to control the opening or closing of the electrically controlled valve 1, monitor the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5 and control the oil supply of the internal combustion engine oil supply system. Compared with the traditional valve distribution system, it has the following advantages: simple and light structure, using the electronically controlled valve 1, the Hall sensor 2 and the controller 3 to replace the traditional valve distribution system (valve assembly, valve transmission assembly), which can reduce the number of parts and reduce the weight of the internal combustion engine; high reliability, no risk of collision between the piston and the valve of the traditional valve distribution system; maintenance-free, no need to replace the timing chain / belt of the traditional valve distribution system; for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, it is easy to control the working state of the cylinder, and can save fuel under light load conditions (control one or several cylinders The exhaust / intake valve is opened during the compression / power stroke, and the fuel supply is closed at the same time); the starting resistance of the internal combustion engine can be reduced (the exhaust / intake valve is opened during the compression / power stroke during the starting stage, and the fuel supply is closed at the same time, and the fuel supply is coordinated to start after reaching a certain speed), making it easier to start; the internal combustion engine can be braked more conveniently (when the internal combustion engine needs to slow down by dragging the load, closing the fuel supply and the intake / exhaust valve can increase the rotation resistance of the internal combustion engine).
[0041] Example 1
[0042] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, this embodiment provides an internal combustion engine valve distribution system, including an electric control valve 1, a Hall sensor 2, a magnetic component 8 and a controller 3; the two electric control valves 1 are respectively installed at the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 and the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4, replacing the traditional valve, and are controlled to be opened or closed by the controller 3; the electric control valve 1 includes a valve control motor 9, a valve body 10, a valve core 11, a reciprocating screw 12, and also includes a vent 13, the vent 13 of the electric control valve 1 connected to the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 can be connected to the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 to realize air intake, and the electric control valve 1 connected to the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 can be connected to the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4. The vent 13 can be connected to the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 to achieve gas outlet, the Hall sensor 2 is installed in the internal combustion engine cylinder 4, connected to the controller 3, monitors the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5, the magnetic part 8 is connected to the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly 7, and rotates synchronously with the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly 7, so that the Hall sensor 2 detects the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5 through the magnetic part 8; the controller 3 is connected to the electronic control valve 1 and the Hall sensor 2 for controlling the opening or closing of the electronic control valve 1, monitoring the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5 and controlling the oil supply of the internal combustion engine oil supply system, and the communication connection can be a wired connection or a wireless connection. The controller 3 is a mainstream single-chip microcomputer or one of the x86 architecture, ARM architecture, and RISC-V architecture processors.
[0043] The valve control motor 9 is connected to the controller 3; the valve core 11 and the reciprocating screw 12 are arranged in the valve body 10; the electric control valve air inlet and the electric control valve exhaust are respectively opened on the side wall of the valve body 10; the reciprocating screw 12 is connected to the valve control motor 9, and the valve control motor 9 is used to control the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating screw 12; the reciprocating screw 12 is fixedly connected to the valve core 11.
[0044] The valve body 10 is provided with a through hole, which is communicated with an air inlet or an exhaust port of the cylinder 4 of the internal combustion engine.
[0045] The crankshaft-flywheel assembly 7 includes a crankshaft and a flywheel; the crankshaft and the flywheel can be connected by bolts, and the crankshaft-flywheel assembly can be a common crankshaft-flywheel assembly. The present application does not improve the structure of the crankshaft-flywheel assembly.
[0046] The internal combustion engine valve system also includes an internal combustion engine piston 5 and an internal combustion engine piston connecting rod 6; the internal combustion engine piston 5 is slidably connected to the internal combustion engine cylinder 4; the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod 6 connects the internal combustion engine piston 5 and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly 7, that is, the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly 7 and the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 are indirectly connected through the internal combustion engine piston 5 and the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod 6. The internal combustion engine piston connecting rod 6 is rotatably connected to the internal combustion engine piston 5 and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly 7 respectively.
[0047] The working principle of the above-mentioned internal combustion engine valve system is as follows:
[0048] The controller 3 controls the valve control motor 9, and drives the reciprocating screw 12 to move away from the through-port through the valve control motor 9. The reciprocating screw 12 drives the valve core 11 to move away from the through-port, and the electric control valve 1 is started. Air is taken into the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 through the air vent 13 of the electric control valve 1 connected to the air intake port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4, and air is discharged from the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 through the air vent 13 of the electric control valve 1 connected to the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4, so as to realize the air intake and exhaust of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4. The Hall sensor 2 detects the position of the crankshaft flywheel group 7 through the magnetic part 8, corresponding to the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5. The magnetic part 8 is installed at the top dead center or bottom dead center position of the flywheel in the crankshaft flywheel group 7. The controller 3 obtains the position detected by the Hall sensor 2 to control the opening or closing of the electric control valve 1, especially when the Hall sensor 2 detects that the internal combustion engine piston 5 reaches the highest point, the valve control motor 9 is controlled to start, that is, the electric control valve 1 is controlled to start.
[0049] The magnetic part 8 can be a magnet (electromagnet), and the Hall sensor is a commercially available Hall sensor. The present application does not improve the structure of the Hall sensor. The working principle of electromagnet position detection based on the Hall sensor is common knowledge in the field, and the present application does not improve its principle.
[0050] Example 2
[0051] This embodiment provides an internal combustion engine valve distribution system. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the controller 3 is respectively connected to the electrically controlled valves 1 connected to the intake ports and / or exhaust ports of each internal combustion engine cylinder 4 of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, and the controller 3 is respectively connected to the Hall sensors 2 of each internal combustion engine cylinder 4 of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine.
[0052] For multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, it is easy to control the working state of the cylinders, which can save fuel under light load conditions, and control the exhaust / intake valves of one or several cylinders to open during the compression / power stroke, while closing the fuel supply.
[0053] Example 3
[0054] The present embodiment provides an internal combustion engine valve distribution system. On the basis of Embodiment 1, the internal combustion engine system including the internal combustion engine valve distribution system also includes an oil supply system. The controller 3 can be connected to the oil supply system. The controller 3 can monitor the position of the internal combustion engine piston 5, control the electronic control valve 1 to be open or closed, and control the oil supply of the internal combustion engine oil supply system. The internal combustion engine can be braked more conveniently. When the internal combustion engine needs to slow down when dragging a load, the oil supply and the intake / exhaust valves are closed to increase the rotational resistance of the internal combustion engine.
[0055] The oil supply system adopts a conventional oil supply system, and the present application does not improve the structure and working principle of the oil supply system.
[0056] In addition, on the basis of Example 1 (without affecting the realization of the example), the starting resistance of the internal combustion engine can be reduced. Through the controller 3, the exhaust / intake valves are opened in the compression / power stroke during the starting phase, and the oil supply is closed at the same time. After reaching a certain speed, the oil supply is coordinated to start, which makes it easier to start. Specifically, the following method can be adopted: at the initial start-up, the oil supply is closed, and the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine cylinder 4 is kept open in the compression stroke, and the intake electric control valve 1 is opened in the power stroke (the actual internal combustion engine does not do work in this stroke). After the flywheel speed reaches a certain speed, the intake port / exhaust port / oil supply is controlled according to the normal operation of the internal combustion engine. In this way, the start-up can be completed by relying solely on the flywheel energy storage, thereby reducing the burden on the starter.
[0057] Further improve the internal combustion engine valve system. During the starting phase, the exhaust / intake valves are opened during the compression / power stroke, and the fuel supply is closed. After reaching a certain speed, the engine is started in conjunction with the fuel supply to reduce the starting resistance. Further improve the internal combustion engine valve system. The internal combustion engine can be braked more conveniently. When the internal combustion engine needs to slow down by dragging a load, the fuel supply and the intake / exhaust valves are closed to increase the rotational resistance of the engine.
[0058] The above description of the embodiments is to facilitate the understanding and use of the utility model by those skilled in the art. It is obvious that those familiar with the art can easily make various modifications to these embodiments and apply the general principles described herein to other embodiments without creative work. Therefore, the utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the utility model without departing from the scope of the utility model should be within the scope of protection of the utility model.
Claims
1. A valve distribution system for an internal combustion engine, characterized in that: The internal combustion engine valve system comprises: An electric control valve (1), a magnetic sensor, a controller (3), an internal combustion engine cylinder (4), and an internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7); The electric control valve (1) is connected to a controller (3); The magnetic sensor is connected to the controller (3) and is used to monitor the position of the internal combustion engine piston (5); The internal combustion engine cylinder (4) comprises an air inlet and an exhaust port arranged on the cylinder body; The internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7) is connected to the internal combustion engine cylinder (4); The electric control valve (1) is installed on the air inlet and / or the exhaust port of the cylinder (4) of the internal combustion engine; The electric control valve (1) comprises a valve control motor (9), a valve body (10), a valve core (11), a reciprocating screw (12), and a vent (13); The valve control motor (9) is connected to the controller (3); The valve core (11) and the reciprocating screw (12) are arranged in the valve body (10); The vent (13) is provided on the side wall of the valve body (10); The reciprocating screw (12) is connected to a valve control motor (9), and the valve control motor (9) is used to control the reciprocating motion of the reciprocating screw (12); The reciprocating screw (12) is connected to the valve core (11).
2. An internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic sensor comprises a Hall sensor (2) and a magnetic element (8); The Hall sensor (2) is connected to a controller (3) and is used to monitor the position of a piston (5) of an internal combustion engine; The magnetic component (8) is connected to the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7) and rotates synchronously with the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7), so that the Hall sensor (2) detects the position of the internal combustion engine piston (5) through the magnetic component (8).
3. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve body (10) is provided with a through opening; The through-port is communicated with an air inlet or an exhaust port of a cylinder (4) of an internal combustion engine.
4. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating screw (12) is fixedly connected to the valve core (11).
5. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reciprocating screw (12) is a double-helix screw.
6. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crankshaft-flywheel assembly (7) comprises a crankshaft and a flywheel; The crankshaft and the flywheel are connected by bolts.
7. The valve distribution system of an internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal combustion engine valve system also includes: Internal combustion engine piston (5), internal combustion engine piston connecting rod (6); The internal combustion engine piston (5) is slidably connected to the internal combustion engine cylinder (4); The internal combustion engine piston connecting rod (6) connects the internal combustion engine piston (5) and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7), that is, the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7) and the internal combustion engine cylinder (4) are indirectly connected through the internal combustion engine piston (5) and the internal combustion engine piston connecting rod (6).
8. The valve distribution system of an internal combustion engine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The internal combustion engine piston connecting rod (6) is rotatably connected to the internal combustion engine piston (5) and the internal combustion engine crankshaft flywheel assembly (7) respectively.
9. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrically controlled valve (1) is communicatively connected with a controller (3); The Hall sensor (2) is communicatively connected to the controller (3).
10. The internal combustion engine valve system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The controller (3) is respectively connected to the electric control valve (1) connected to the air inlet and / or exhaust port of each internal combustion engine cylinder (4) of the multi-cylinder internal combustion engine.