Differential mechanism shell and differential mechanism assembly thereof
By designing a variety of oil channels and oil storage chamber structures on the differential housing, and using gravity and centrifugal force to disperse the lubricant, the problem of low lubricant volume of differentials in new energy vehicles is solved, and the length of the internal differential is achieved Effective lubrication and cooling improves the reliability and life of the system.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202420288887.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-02-07
AI Technical Summary
New energy electric vehicle differentials are difficult to achieve sufficient lubrication and cooling when the amount of lubricating oil is reduced and the viscosity of oil is low, resulting in increased friction, energy loss and noise increase, affecting the system life.
Design a differential housing, including five oil channels and an oil storage chamber, through structures such as spiral oil channels, annular oil channels and horn-shaped oil channels, and use gravity and centrifugal force to disperse the lubricating oil in the inner cavity of the shell and Splash, covering the gear surface, ensuring long-term lubrication and cooling with low lubricating oil.
Effectively utilize the limited amount of lubricating oil, the sufficient lubrication and cooling of various components inside the differential are achieved, and the functional reliability and life of the electric drive gearbox system are improved.
Smart Images
Figure CN222334423U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of differentials, in particular to a differential housing and a differential assembly thereof. Background Art
[0002] As one of the key components of the electric drive system, the differential plays an important role in transmitting torque and speed and driving wheels in the drive system. The car differential can make the left and right or front and rear drive wheels rotate at different speeds. Its function is to make the left and right wheels roll at different speeds when the car turns or drives on uneven roads. The differential generates a lot of friction and heat during operation. If there is no proper lubrication, there will be serious wear between the friction surfaces, resulting in differential failure. Proper lubrication can reduce friction, reduce energy loss, reduce noise, improve transmission efficiency, and protect parts from corrosion and oxidation.
[0003] With the promotion and popularization of new energy vehicles, users have put forward higher requirements on the driving performance of vehicles. Compared with the gearbox of traditional fuel vehicles, the electric drive reduction box of current new energy electric vehicles has the characteristics of fast response, large torque impact, small amount of lubricating oil, and low oil viscosity. Therefore, for the differential of new energy electric vehicles, the reduction in the amount of lubricating oil puts forward higher requirements on the design of the lubrication system inside the differential. It is necessary to design a reasonable oil channel in the differential housing so that the components inside the differential can still be fully lubricated with less lubricating oil. Utility Model Content
[0004] The utility model solves the problem of how to maintain the lubrication effect of the internal lubrication system of the differential when the amount of lubricating oil is reduced, and provides a differential housing and a differential assembly thereof. The utility model makes full use of the limited amount of lubricating oil, realizes the lubrication and cooling of the matching surfaces between the components, ensures the reliability of the differential function, and improves the life of the electric drive reduction box system.
[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows:
[0006] A differential case comprises a case with an inner cavity and a window, the case is respectively provided with a half-shaft hole and a planetary shaft mounting hole which pass through the inner cavity and whose axes are perpendicular to each other, a sinker for mounting half-shaft gears is also provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity, a first oil passage for surrounding the outer wall of the half-shaft is provided at one end of the half-shaft hole, a second oil passage for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft gear is provided at the other end of the half-shaft hole, an oil storage chamber for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft is provided between the first oil passage and the second oil passage, a third oil passage is provided on the surface of the sinker and connected to the second oil passage, and a fourth oil passage is provided on the outer periphery of the sinker and connected to the third oil passage; a fifth oil passage which is respectively connected to the planetary shaft mounting hole and the window is also provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity.
[0007] For the differential of electric-driven new energy vehicles, the amount of lubricating oil is small and the oil viscosity is low. Therefore, the lubricating oil channel inside the differential housing plays a good role in drainage and lubricating oil dispersion. In the process of rotation of the differential, based on the effects of gravity and centrifugal force, the lubricating oil infiltrated into the inside of the differential housing is splashed and dispersed and guided by the oil channel, thereby covering each gear inside the differential, thereby achieving a sufficient lubrication effect. The utility model arranges five oil channels and an oil storage chamber on the differential housing, so that the lubricating oil can be orderly dispersed in the entire inner cavity of the housing. The first oil channel guides the oil inlet at the half-shaft hole into the oil storage chamber. The oil storage chamber is located between the half-shaft inserted in the housing and the wheel end of the half-shaft gear, and then slowly disperses to various parts of the half-shaft gear through the second oil channel and the matching clearance between the half-shaft gear and the inner wall of the housing. In this way, when the amount of lubricating oil is small, the oil storage chamber plays a lubricating oil buffer effect, which can ensure that the matching surface of the half-shaft gear and the housing is small when the amount of lubricating oil is small. The lubricating oil enters the third oil channel on the upper surface of the sinker through the second oil channel, and the lubricating oil is dispersed from the third oil channel to the fourth oil channel on the outer periphery of the sinker through the swing of the shell. The lubricating oil entering the fourth oil channel is splashed onto the gear surfaces of the half-shaft gears and the planetary gears in the inner cavity by centrifugal force and gravity under the movement of the differential to achieve lubrication. In addition, after the planetary shaft is installed in the planetary shaft mounting hole, the mating surface of the planetary gear in the inner cavity is the circumferential side of the planetary shaft mounting hole in the inner cavity. In order to achieve lubrication of the mating surface of the planetary gear and the inner cavity, the fifth oil channel is designed so that the lubricating oil entering the window of the shell can enter the mating surface of the planetary gear and the inner cavity along the fifth oil channel at the edge of the window for lubrication. Based on the structural design of the oil channels and the oil storage cavity in the differential housing, the utility model makes full use of the limited amount of lubricating oil, achieves the lubrication and cooling of the mating surfaces between the components, ensures the functional reliability of the differential, and improves the life of the electric drive reduction box system.
[0008] Furthermore, the first oil passage is a spiral oil passage opened on the inner wall of the half-shaft hole, and the half-shaft hole includes a left half-shaft hole and a right half-shaft hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity, and the spiral oil passages in the left half-shaft hole and the right half-shaft hole have opposite rotation directions. The rotation directions of the spiral oil passages in the left half-shaft hole and the right half-shaft hole are set to be opposite, based on the principle of differential movement, so that the half-shaft holes at both ends can be filled with oil at the same time, thereby improving the lubrication effect.
[0009] Furthermore, the oil storage cavity is composed of the annular space between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole and the outer wall of the half-shaft wheel end, and the inner diameter of the oil storage cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the first oil passage. After the half-shaft is inserted into the half-shaft hole, the oil storage cavity is formed by the annular space between the two. The oil storage cavity has a larger inner diameter, so the annular space can have a larger space to buffer the lubricating oil and slowly release and leak to the second oil passage, playing a role of long-term lubrication.
[0010] Further, the second oil passage is formed by an annular gap between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole and the outer wall of the half-shaft gear wheel end.
[0011] It should be noted that after the half-shaft gear is installed, there is an obvious large gap between the half-shaft gear journal corner and the second oil channel. The gap is used to reserve the rotation space of the half-shaft gear and prevent lubricating oil leakage.
[0012] After the half-shaft gear is installed, the wheel end of the half-shaft gear is inserted into the half-shaft hole, and the end face of the half-shaft gear is mounted on the sinker. The second oil channel evenly disperses the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber in a ring shape from the end of the wheel end of the half-shaft gear, so that the lubricating oil enters the mating surface of the sinker and the half-shaft gear.
[0013] Furthermore, the third oil passage is a plurality of straight oil passages, and the plurality of straight oil passages are evenly distributed radially around the second oil passage. The area from the sink to the inner cavity is a mounting plane, and the straight oil passages can quickly disperse the lubricating oil to the periphery of the sink and collect it into the fourth oil passage, thereby accelerating the lubrication efficiency and cooling between the sink and the half-shaft gear.
[0014] Furthermore, the fourth oil passage is an annular oil passage opened around the outer circumference of the sink platform. The annular oil passage recollects the lubricating oil in the dispersed linear oil passages, which is beneficial to the splash lubrication of the lubricating oil.
[0015] Furthermore, one end of the fifth oil passage connecting the window is a trumpet-shaped opening, and the planetary shaft mounting hole includes a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity, and the fifth oil passage in the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole is rotationally symmetrical along the axis of the planetary shaft mounting hole. The fifth oil passage is located at the mating surface of the planetary gear and the housing, and only one oil groove is provided at the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole, and the arrangement is rotationally symmetrical with the axis of the planetary shaft mounting hole, so that during the operation of the differential, the fifth oil passage near the window of the housing is a trumpet mouth with a large outside and a small inside, which is more convenient for oil entry and improves the lubrication effect.
[0016] A differential assembly includes the differential housing as above, and also includes a half-axle gear arranged in an inner cavity and mounted on a sink, a planetary shaft inserted in a planetary shaft mounting hole, and a planetary gear sleeved on the planetary shaft, a half-axle gear gasket is also provided between the half-axle gear and the sink, and a planetary gear gasket is also provided between the planetary gear and the inner cavity.
[0017] It should be noted that the half-shaft gears are arranged in pairs and symmetrically in the half-shaft holes, and the planetary gears are also arranged in pairs and symmetrically on the planetary shafts. The half-shaft gear gaskets and planetary gear gaskets can reduce friction and thus extend the service life of the half-shaft gears or planetary gears and the housing. Gaskets are designed between the back of each gear and the differential housing to avoid direct contact between the gears and the differential housing, so as to protect the differential and increase the service life.
[0018] Furthermore, a plurality of first oil holes are provided on the half-shaft gear liner, and a plurality of second oil holes are provided on the planetary gear liner. The oil holes can increase the penetration of lubricating oil into the friction surfaces on both sides of the liner, thus playing a good role in lubrication and cooling.
[0019] Furthermore, a plurality of first oil holes are distributed non-equidistantly around the center of the half-shaft gear liner, and a plurality of second oil holes are distributed non-equidistantly around the center of the planetary gear liner, in order to evenly lubricate the entire friction surface rather than a portion of the friction surface.
[0020] Furthermore, a sixth oil passage is symmetrically provided on the outer wall of the planetary shaft and distributed along the axis of the planetary shaft. The sixth oil passage is provided on the outer wall of the planetary shaft so that an oil path can be formed between the outer wall of the planetary shaft and the planetary gear, so that the lubricating oil can enter between the planetary shaft and the planetary gear for lubrication, and reach the inner cavity to mix with other lubricating oil, and continue to perform splash lubrication during the operation of the differential.
[0021] Beneficial effects of the utility model:
[0022] The utility model arranges five oil passages and an oil storage chamber on the differential housing, so that the lubricating oil can be orderly dispersed in the entire inner cavity of the housing. The first oil passage guides the oil inlet at the half-shaft hole into the oil storage chamber, and then slowly disperses the oil to various parts of the half-shaft gear through the second oil passage and the matching clearance between the half-shaft gear and the inner wall of the housing. In this way, when the amount of lubricating oil is small, the oil storage chamber plays a lubricating oil buffer effect, which can ensure that the matching surface of the half-shaft gear and the housing maintains a long-term lubrication effect when the amount of lubricating oil is small; after the lubricating oil enters the third oil passage on the upper surface of the sink table through the second oil passage The lubricating oil is dispersed and diffused from the third oil channel to the fourth oil channel on the periphery of the sinker through the swing of the housing. The lubricating oil entering the fourth oil channel is splashed onto the gear surfaces of the half-shaft gears and the planetary gears in the inner cavity by centrifugal force and gravity under the movement of the differential to achieve lubrication. In order to achieve lubrication of the matching surfaces of the planetary gears and the inner cavity, the fifth oil channel is designed to allow the lubricating oil to enter the window of the housing. The utility model makes full use of the limited amount of lubricating oil, achieves lubrication and cooling of the matching surfaces between the components, ensures the functional reliability of the differential, and improves the life of the electric drive reduction box system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the housing in the utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the housing in the utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the housing in the utility model from another perspective;
[0026] Figure 4This is the oil channel distribution diagram of the sinking platform in the utility model;
[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the differential assembly in the utility model;
[0028] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the half-shaft gear liner in the utility model;
[0029] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the planetary gear liner in the utility model;
[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the planetary shaft in the utility model.
[0031] 1-housing, 12-window, 13-half-shaft hole, 131-first oil passage, 132-second oil passage, 133-oil storage chamber, 14-planetary shaft mounting hole, 15-sinking platform, 151-third oil passage, 152-fourth oil passage, 16-fifth oil passage, 100-half-shaft gear, 200-planetary shaft, 201-sixth oil passage, 300-planetary gear, 400-half-shaft gear gasket, 401-first oil hole, 402-second oil hole, 500-planetary gear gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0032] The following will describe the implementation of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementations, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, not for limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0033] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and thus the drawings only show components related to the present invention rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed at will, and the component layout may also be more complicated.
[0034] like Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a differential housing, including a housing 1 with an inner cavity and a window 12, the housing 1 is respectively provided with a half-shaft hole 13 and a planetary shaft mounting hole 14 which pass through the inner cavity and have axes perpendicular to each other, a sink 15 for mounting a half-shaft gear 100 is also provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity, a first oil passage 131 for surrounding the outer wall of the half-shaft is provided at one end of the half-shaft hole 13, a second oil passage 132 for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft gear 100 is provided at the other end of the half-shaft hole 13, an oil storage chamber 133 for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft is provided between the first oil passage 131 and the second oil passage 132, a third oil passage 151 is provided on the surface of the sink 15 and connected to the second oil passage 132, and a fourth oil passage 152 is provided on the outer periphery of the sink 15 and connected to the third oil passage 151; a fifth oil passage 16 is also provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity and respectively connected to the planetary shaft mounting hole 14 and the window 12.
[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the first oil passage 131 is a spiral oil passage opened on the inner wall of the half-shaft hole 13. The half-shaft hole 13 includes a left half-shaft hole and a right half-shaft hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity. The spiral oil passages in the left half-shaft hole and the right half-shaft hole have opposite rotation directions. The spiral oil passages in the left half-shaft hole and the right half-shaft hole are set to have opposite rotation directions. Based on the principle of differential movement, the half-shaft holes 13 at both ends can be filled with oil at the same time, thereby improving the lubrication effect.
[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the oil storage chamber 133 is composed of the annular space between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole 13 and the outer wall of the half-shaft wheel end, and the inner diameter of the oil storage chamber 133 is greater than the inner diameter of the first oil passage 131. After the half-shaft is inserted into the half-shaft hole 13, the oil storage chamber 133 is formed by the annular space between the two. The oil storage chamber 133 has a larger inner diameter, so the annular space can have a larger space to cache the lubricating oil and slowly release and leak to the second oil passage 132, playing a role of long-term lubrication.
[0037] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second oil passage 132 is formed by the annular gap between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole 13 and the outer wall of the wheel end of the half-shaft gear 100.
[0038] It should be noted that after the side gear 100 is installed, there is an obvious large gap between the journal corner of the side gear 100 and the second oil passage 132 , and the gap is used to reserve the rotation space of the side gear 100 and prevent lubricating oil leakage.
[0039] After the half-shaft gear 100 is installed, the wheel end of the half-shaft gear 100 is inserted into the half-shaft hole 13, and the end face of the half-shaft gear 100 is mounted on the sink 15. The second oil channel 132 evenly disperses the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 133 in a ring shape from the end of the wheel end of the half-shaft gear 100, so that the lubricating oil enters the mating surface of the sink 15 and the half-shaft gear 100.
[0040] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the third oil passage 151 is a plurality of straight oil passages, and the plurality of straight oil passages are evenly distributed radially around the second oil passage 132. The inner cavity of the sink 15 is a mounting plane, and the straight oil passages can quickly disperse the lubricating oil to the periphery of the sink 15 and collect it into the fourth oil passage 152, thereby accelerating the lubrication efficiency and cooling between the sink 15 and the side gear 100.
[0041] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the fourth oil passage 152 is an annular oil passage opened around the outer circumference of the sink 15. The annular oil passage recollects the lubricating oil in the dispersed linear oil passages, which is beneficial to the splash lubrication of the lubricating oil.
[0042] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, one end of the fifth oil passage 16 connected to the window 12 is a trumpet-shaped opening, and the planetary shaft mounting hole 14 includes a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity, and the fifth oil passage 16 in the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole is rotationally symmetrical along the axis of the planetary shaft mounting hole 14. The fifth oil passage 16 is located at the mating surface of the planetary gear 300 and the housing 1, and only one oil groove is provided at the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole, and the arrangement is rotationally symmetrical with the axis of the planetary shaft mounting hole 14, so that during the operation of the differential, the fifth oil passage 16 near the window 12 of the housing 1 is a trumpet mouth with a large outside and a small inside, which is more convenient for oil entry and improves the lubrication effect.
[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a differential assembly, including the differential housing 1 as described above, and also includes a half-axle gear 100 arranged in the inner cavity and mounted on the sink 15, a planetary shaft 200 inserted in the planetary shaft mounting hole 14, and a planetary gear 300 sleeved on the planetary shaft 200, a half-axle gear gasket 400 is also provided between the half-axle gear 100 and the sink 15, and a planetary gear gasket 500 is also provided between the planetary gear 300 and the inner cavity.
[0044] In this embodiment, the half-shaft gears 100 are arranged in pairs and symmetrically in the half-shaft holes 13, and the planetary gears 300 are also arranged in pairs and symmetrically on the planetary shafts 200. The half-shaft gear gaskets 400 and the planetary gear gaskets 500 can reduce friction and thus extend the service life of the half-shaft gears 100 or the planetary gears 300 and the housing 1. Gaskets are designed between the back of each gear and the differential housing 1 to avoid direct contact between the gears and the differential housing 1, so as to protect the differential and increase the service life.
[0045] In this embodiment, the planetary shaft 200 is inserted and fixed in the planetary shaft mounting hole 14 by means of a pin or other structure.
[0046] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of first oil holes 401 are formed on the side gear liner 400, and a plurality of second oil holes 402 are formed on the planetary gear liner 500. The oil holes can increase the penetration of lubricating oil into the friction surfaces on both sides of the liner, thus achieving good lubrication and cooling effects.
[0047] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a plurality of first oil holes 401 are distributed non-equidistantly around the center of the half-shaft gear liner 400, and a plurality of second oil holes 402 are distributed non-equidistantly around the center of the planetary gear liner 500, in order to evenly lubricate the entire friction surface rather than a portion of the friction surface.
[0048] like Figure 8 As shown, the outer wall of the planetary shaft 200 is symmetrically provided with a sixth oil passage 201 distributed along the axis of the planetary shaft 200. The sixth oil passage 201 is provided on the outer wall of the planetary shaft 200, so that an oil path can be formed between the outer wall of the planetary shaft 200 and the planetary gear 300, and the lubricating oil can enter between the planetary shaft 200 and the planetary gear 300 for lubrication, and reach the inner cavity to mix with other lubricating oil, and continue to perform splash lubrication during the operation of the differential.
[0049] The advantages of this embodiment are: for the differential of the electrically driven new energy vehicle, the amount of lubricating oil is small and the oil viscosity is low, so the lubricating oil channel inside the differential housing 1 plays a good role in drainage and lubricating oil dispersion. During the rotation of the differential, based on the effects of gravity and centrifugal force, the lubricating oil infiltrated into the differential housing 1 is splashed and dispersed and guided by the oil channel, thereby covering each gear inside the differential, thereby achieving a sufficient lubrication effect; the utility model arranges five oil channels and an oil storage chamber 133 on the differential housing 1, The lubricating oil can be orderly dispersed in the entire inner cavity of the housing 1. The first oil passage 131 guides the oil inlet at the half-shaft hole 13 into the oil storage chamber 133. The oil storage chamber 133 is located between the half-shaft inserted in the housing 1 and the wheel end of the half-shaft gear 100. Then, the oil is slowly dispersed to various parts of the half-shaft gear 100 through the second oil passage 132 and the matching clearance between the half-shaft gear 100 and the inner wall of the housing 1. In this way, when the amount of lubricating oil is small, the oil storage chamber 133 plays a lubricating oil buffer effect, which can ensure that the matching surface of the half-shaft gear 100 and the housing 1 is stable when the amount of lubricating oil is small. The lubricating oil enters the third oil passage 151 on the upper surface of the sink 15 through the second oil passage 132, and then the lubricating oil is dispersed from the third oil passage 151 to the fourth oil passage 152 on the outer periphery of the sink 15 through the swing of the housing 1. The lubricating oil entering the fourth oil passage 152 is splashed onto the gear surfaces of the half-shaft gear 100 and the planetary gear 300 in the inner cavity by centrifugal force and gravity under the movement of the differential to achieve lubrication. In addition, after the planetary shaft 200 is installed in the planetary shaft mounting hole 14, the mating surface of the planetary gear 300 in the inner cavity is the planetary gear 300 in the inner cavity. On the peripheral side of the shaft mounting hole 14, in order to achieve lubrication of the mating surface between the planetary gear 300 and the inner cavity, the fifth oil passage 16 is designed so that the lubricating oil entering the window 12 of the housing 1 can enter the mating surface between the planetary gear 300 and the inner cavity along the fifth oil passage 16 at the edge of the window 12 for lubrication; based on the structural design of the oil passages and the oil storage cavity 133 in the differential housing 1, the utility model makes full use of the limited amount of lubricating oil, achieves lubrication and cooling of the mating surfaces between the components, ensures the functional reliability of the differential, and improves the life of the electric drive reduction box system.
[0050] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitution or modification made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A differential housing, comprising a housing (1) having an inner cavity and a window (12), the housing (1) being provided with a half-shaft hole (13) and a planetary shaft mounting hole (14) penetrating the inner cavity and having axes perpendicular to each other, and a sink (15) for mounting a half-shaft gear (100) being provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity, characterized in that: A first oil passage (131) for surrounding the outer wall of the half-shaft is provided at one end of the half-shaft hole (13), and a second oil passage (132) for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft gear (100) is provided at the other end of the half-shaft hole (13); an oil storage chamber (133) for surrounding the wheel end of the half-shaft is provided between the first oil passage (131) and the second oil passage (132); a third oil passage (151) is provided on the surface of the sinker (15) and connected to the second oil passage (132); and a fourth oil passage (152) is provided on the outer periphery of the sinker (15) and connected to the third oil passage (151); and a fifth oil passage (16) is also provided on the inner wall of the inner cavity and is connected to the planetary shaft mounting hole (14) and the window (12) respectively.
2. A differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first oil passage (131) is a spiral oil passage opened on the inner wall of the semi-axle hole (13), the semi-axle hole (13) comprising a left semi-axle hole and a right semi-axle hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity, and the spiral oil passages in the left semi-axle hole and the right semi-axle hole have opposite rotation directions.
3. A differential case according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil storage chamber (133) is composed of an annular space between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole (13) and the outer wall of the half-shaft wheel end, and the inner diameter of the oil storage chamber (133) is larger than the inner diameter of the first oil passage (131).
4. A differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second oil passage (132) is formed by an annular gap between the inner wall of the half-shaft hole (13) and the outer wall of the wheel end of the half-shaft gear (100).
5. A differential case according to claim 4, characterized in that: The third oil passage (151) is a plurality of linear oil passages, and the plurality of linear oil passages are evenly distributed radially around the second oil passage (132).
6. A differential case according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fourth oil passage (152) is an annular oil passage opened around the outer circumference of the sink (15).
7. A differential case according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the fifth oil passage (16) connected to the window (12) is a trumpet-shaped opening, and the planetary shaft mounting hole (14) includes a first shaft hole and a second shaft hole respectively located on both sides of the inner cavity, and the fifth oil passage (16) in the first shaft hole and the second shaft hole is rotationally symmetrical along the axis of the planetary shaft mounting hole (14).
8. A differential assembly, characterized in that: It comprises a differential case (1) as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and also comprises a half-axle gear (100) arranged in the inner cavity and mounted on the sink (15), a planetary shaft (200) inserted in the planetary shaft mounting hole (14), and a planetary gear (300) sleeved on the planetary shaft (200), a half-axle gear gasket (400) is also provided between the half-axle gear (100) and the sink (15), and a planetary gear gasket (500) is also provided between the planetary gear (300) and the inner cavity.
9. A differential assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The half-shaft gear liner (400) is provided with a plurality of first oil holes (401); the planetary gear liner (500) is provided with a plurality of second oil holes (402); the plurality of first oil holes (401) are distributed at non-equidistant intervals around the center of the half-shaft gear liner (400), and the plurality of second oil holes (402) are distributed at non-equidistant intervals around the center of the planetary gear liner (500).
10. A differential assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: A sixth oil passage (201) is symmetrically provided on the outer side wall of the planetary shaft (200) and is distributed along the axis of the planetary shaft (200).