Testing device for integrally adjusting landslide surge of bank slope

Abstract

The utility model relates to a landslide surge test device capable of integrally adjusting a bank slope. The landslide surge test device comprises a movable lifting test bed, an angle adjusting slope and a speed measuring tackle, the movable lifting test bed comprises a movable frame, a hydraulic lifting test bed and a bearing support plate; the angle adjusting slope comprises a slope, an angle adjusting oil cylinder, a rotary supporting seat, an angle measuring disc and a buffer stop block; the speed measuring tackle comprises a sliding box and a speed measuring device. According to the utility model, a plurality of test conditions are changed to carry out landslide surge physical model tests; the device adapts to test pools with different heights; the method is suitable for landslide models with various sliding inclination angles; the impact speed of the sliding body is changed; the device can be suitable for landslide surge tests of different sliding substances by replacing the sliding box; the test time cost is saved; the method can be repeatedly used in different test models.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of water conservancy engineering and coastal engineering geological disaster model test, in particular to a test device for landslide surges for integrally adjusting bank slopes. Background Art

[0002] Landslide surge disaster is a secondary geological disaster caused by a landslide of a certain volume rapidly impacting a certain volume of water, generating an initial surge that propagates in the water, posing a threat to the safety of ships in the water, coastal personnel and facilities. The losses caused by landslide surge disasters have become an important part of the losses caused by landslide disasters. In 1963, the Vajont Reservoir in Italy, with a volume of more than 2.7 million m 3 The sliding body hit the water, and the surge caused more than 2,000 deaths upstream and downstream. On July 13, 2003, 43 days after the Three Gorges Reservoir was filled with water, a huge landslide occurred in Qianjiangping Village, Shazhenxi Town, on the Qinggan River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, causing a huge wave of nearly 30 meters high, capsizing 22 ships, causing 14 deaths, 10 missing, nearly 1,000 people affected, and direct economic losses of about 57.35 million yuan. On June 15, 2007, when the water level of the Shuibuya Reservoir in Qingjiang River reached 342 meters, a Dayantang landslide occurred. The surge on the opposite bank climbed up to about 50 meters, and the surge at the Shuibuya Dam 20.8 km downstream was still about 4 meters high. One person died and six people were missing. Landslide surges have the characteristics of large local amplitude and fast rise, and are particularly serious in the damage to nearby areas and pressurized water bodies.

[0003] From the above, it can be seen that in-depth research on landslide surge waves is very necessary, among which landslide surge wave physical model test is an important means to study the formation mechanism and characteristics of landslide surge waves.

[0004] However, due to the complexity of the factors that affect the generation and propagation of landslide surges, there is currently no universal landslide surge calculation formula or method to calculate the surge height and analyze the propagation law. In addition, the time for reservoir bank landslides to arouse surges is short, and the time and location are not fixed. It is difficult to obtain field observation data on surge disasters in current research work.

[0005] Therefore, in order to relatively truly reflect the occurrence of landslide surges and study the factors that affect landslide surges, a large number of researchers have conducted physical model experiments including prototype physical model experiments and generalized physical model experiments. However, there are still some shortcomings and defects in the existing devices for simulating landslide surges.

[0006] As far as the existing technologies in the current technical field are concerned, the problem is that the matching with the water level rise and fall cannot be achieved. Specifically, the existing technologies have the following technical defects:

[0007] 1. Since the test device in the prior art is a scaled physical test for a real landslide, although it can specifically solve the landslide surge problem in the landslide area, it is of little significance for exploring regularity. In addition, the test cost is high, the test device is difficult to reuse, and it is easy to cause a waste of resources;

[0008] 2. Since the factors that affect the generation and propagation of landslide surge waves are very complex, in order to explore the influencing factors of surge wave characteristics, it is necessary to conduct multiple sets of generalized physical model tests, requiring the test device to meet different test conditions, such as changing the material of the sliding body, the speed of the sliding body impact, the landslide impact angle, etc. However, most of the existing model test devices can only change a single influencing factor, and thus cannot change multiple test conditions according to specific requirements, and are not suitable for different forms of test pools, and are inconvenient to move;

[0009] 3. In the existing landslide surge test device, the slope is generally built into two sections, namely, the above-water part and the underwater part. When the slope angle of the above-water slope is changed, the underwater part cannot be changed simultaneously with the upper part. Therefore, the underwater part needs to be adjusted during the test, which increases the difficulty of operation and reduces the efficiency of the experiment.

[0010] 4. In real slope terrain, the above-water and underwater parts are a continuum rather than separate entities. Therefore, if the slopes above-water and underwater are not tightly overlapped or have poor continuity during the test, test data with large errors may be obtained, further affecting the subsequent result analysis of the entire test and failing to achieve the purpose of the test. Utility Model Content

[0011] In view of the above problems, the utility model provides a landslide surge test device for adjusting the bank slope as a whole, the purpose of which is to change multiple test conditions to carry out landslide surge physical model tests; adapt to test pools of different heights; be suitable for landslide models with various sliding inclination angles; change the impact speed of the sliding body; be suitable for landslide surge tests of different sliding body materials by replacing the sliding box; save the time cost of the test; and be repeatedly used in different test models.

[0012] In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

[0013] A landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting a bank slope comprises a movable lifting test platform, an angle-adjusting slope, and a speed-measuring pulley; wherein:

[0014] The movable lifting test platform comprises a movable frame, a hydraulic lifting test platform, and a load-bearing support plate;

[0015] The angle adjustment slope comprises a slope, an angle adjustment cylinder, a rotating support seat, an angle measuring plate, and a buffer block; the angle adjustment slope is fixedly connected to the lifting test bench through the load-bearing support plate;

[0016] The speed measuring pulley comprises a slide box and a speed measuring device; the speed measuring pulley is slidably connected to the slope comprising a linear guide rail.

[0017] Preferably, the slope includes a non-adjustable slope and an adjustable slope; the length of the slope is freely adjusted manually according to experimental research requirements.

[0018] Preferably, the sliding box comprises a sliding box front baffle, a sliding box top plate, and a sliding box stopper; the sliding box front baffle releases the test block by automatically popping open; and a roller is installed at the bottom of the sliding box.

[0019] Preferably, the non-adjustable slope comprises the linear guide rail, the slope panel, the bumper, and the buffer block; wherein:

[0020] The collision block is used to collide with the slide box stopper on the slide box;

[0021] The adjustable ramp includes invisible hinges for connecting the removable panels;

[0022] The length of the adjustable ramp is adjusted by folding or detaching the detachable panels connected by the invisible hinges.

[0023] Preferably, two groups of hollow tubes are provided on the butt joint edges of the sliding box top plate and the sliding box front baffle plate; one group of the hollow tubes includes a first hollow tube and a second hollow tube, which are fixedly mounted on the sliding box top plate, and the other group of the hollow tubes includes a third hollow tube and a fourth hollow tube, which are fixedly mounted on the sliding box front baffle plate; the two groups of the hollow tubes are staggered and opposed to each other to form a pivot structure;

[0024] A torsion spring is also provided on the butt joint edge between the top plate of the slide box and the front baffle of the slide box; the torsion spring is used to automatically pop open when the front baffle of the slide box is released;

[0025] The bottom of the slide box front baffle is provided with the slide box stopper; when the slide box stopper collides with the collision block on the slope, it automatically retracts and releases the slide box front baffle.

[0026] Preferably, the speed measuring device comprises a string potentiometer sensor and a collector; wherein:

[0027] The string potentiometer sensor is installed on the test block through a pulley and is connected to the electrical signal of the collector; the string potentiometer sensor is used to measure the water entry speed of the test block.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0029] 1. Since the utility model provides a test device for simulating landslide surge, compared with the prior art which can only change a single test condition, multiple test conditions can be changed to conduct a landslide surge physical model test;

[0030] 2. Since the utility model can adjust the height of the platform through the movable lifting test platform and the adjustable slope, it can adapt to test pools of different heights;

[0031] 3. Since the utility model adjusts the angle of the slope through the angle adjustment cylinder, it can be applied to landslide models with various sliding inclination angles;

[0032] 4. Since the utility model can change the impact speed of the sliding body by adjusting the initial movement position of the pulley;

[0033] 5. Since the utility model directly measures the movement speed of the sliding body through the speed measuring device, it can be applied to the landslide surge test of different sliding body materials by replacing the sliding box;

[0034] 6. Since the device of the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to operate, it can save the time cost of the test;

[0035] 7. Since the overall device of the utility model is easy to move, it can be repeatedly used in different test models, and has broad application prospects and strong economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0037] Figure 2 A schematic top view of a slope of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0038] Figure 3 A schematic side view of a slope according to a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0039] Figure 4a It is a front view schematic diagram of a disassembled slide box of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0040] Figure 4b It is a front view schematic diagram of a slide box assembly of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0041] Figure 5 It is a side view schematic diagram of a slide box of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the top plate of the sliding box and the front baffle in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0043] Figure 7 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of a collision block and a stopper in a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0044] Figure 8 It is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the sliding box in the closed state of a specific embodiment of the utility model;

[0045] Fig. 9 It is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the sliding box in the open state according to a specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0046] Among them: 1. Test pool; 2. Movable frame; 3. Hydraulic lifting cylinder; 4. Load-bearing support plate; 5. Collector; 6. Angle adjustment cylinder; 7. Rotating support seat; 8. Angle measuring plate. 9. Non-adjustable slope; 10. Adjustable slope; 11. String potentiometer sensor; 12. Pulley; 13. Slide box; 14. Test block; 15. Opposite bank slope model; 16. Linear guide; 17. Slide box block; 18. Bumper; 19. Buffer block; 20. Roller; 21. Torsion spring; 22. Slide box front baffle; 23. Slide box top plate; 24. First extension edge; 25. Second extension edge; 26. First hollow tube; 27. Second hollow tube; 28. Pivot shaft; 29. ​​Third hollow tube; 30. Fourth hollow tube; 31. Slope panel; 32. Invisible hinge; 33. Removable panel; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, a landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope comprises a movable lifting test platform, an angle-adjusting slope, and a speed-measuring pulley.

[0049] In this specific embodiment, the test device further comprises a test pool 1 and a slope on the opposite bank.

[0050] in:

[0051] The movable lifting test platform comprises a movable frame 2, a hydraulic lifting test platform, and a load-bearing support plate 4.

[0052] In this specific embodiment, the movable lifting test platform includes rollers 20 and an upper bracket; the upper bracket is used to install the hydraulic lifting test platform, including a hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 and a load-bearing support plate 4; the hydraulic lifting cylinder 3 and the load-bearing support plate 4 constitute a hydraulic lifting test platform, and the height of this test device can be adjusted.

[0053] like Figure 2As shown, the angle adjustment slope includes a slope, an angle adjustment cylinder 6, a rotating support seat 7, an angle measuring plate 8, and a buffer block 19; the angle adjustment slope is fixedly connected to the lifting test platform through a load-bearing support plate 4.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the slope includes a non-adjustable slope 9 and an adjustable slope 10; the length of the slope is freely adjusted manually according to experimental research requirements.

[0055] In this specific embodiment, the load-bearing support plate 4 is connected to the slope through an angle adjustment cylinder 6 and a rotating support seat 7 .

[0056] In this specific embodiment, the angle adjustment cylinder 6 lifts the slope to a certain angle through stable control of the microcomputer, and the angle of rotation of the slope is measured in real time through the angle measuring disk 8 connected to the rotating support seat 7.

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, in this specific embodiment, the non-adjustable slope 9 includes a linear guide rail 16, a slope panel 31, a bumper 18, and a buffer block 19; wherein:

[0058] In this specific embodiment, the collision block 18 is used to collide with the slide box stopper 17 on the slide box 13 .

[0059] It should be noted that when a collision occurs, the front baffle 22 of the slide box quickly pops open, and the test block 14 in the slide box 13 slides out along the inclined surface. At the same time, the slide box 13 collides with the buffer block 19 on the linear guide rail 16, thereby achieving a buffering and deceleration effect.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the adjustable ramp includes a hidden hinge 32 for connecting a removable panel 33.

[0061] In this specific embodiment, the length of the adjustable slope is adjusted by folding or disassembling the detachable panels 33 connected by the invisible hinges 32 .

[0062] The speed measuring pulley comprises a slide box 13 and a speed measuring device; the speed measuring pulley is slidably connected to a slope comprising a linear guide rail 16 .

[0063] like Figure 4a-4b As shown, in this specific embodiment, the slide box 13 includes a slide box front baffle 22, a slide box top plate 23, and a slide box stopper 17; the slide box front baffle 22 releases the test block 14 by automatically popping open; and a roller 20 is installed at the bottom of the slide box 13.

[0064] It should be noted that there are two types of falling objects loaded in the slide box 13: test blocks 14 and loose sliding bodies; among which:

[0065] like Figure 5As shown, the test block 14 is a homogeneous cuboid with six smooth sides, and is used to simulate the sliding of a stone.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, bulk sliding bodies are homogeneous spherical particles of standard size, which are used to simulate landslides of soil and gravel.

[0067] It should be noted that the purpose of installing the roller 20 at the bottom of the sliding box 13 is to reduce friction so that the test block 14 can slide out smoothly at a certain speed.

[0068] It should be further explained that the front baffle plate 22 of the slide box can be automatically opened before the slide box 13 enters the water to release the test block 14 .

[0069] In this specific embodiment, the dispersed sliding body adopts standard zeolites of different diameters.

[0070] like Figure 4a-4b As shown, in this specific embodiment, two groups of hollow tubes are provided on the joint edges of the sliding box top plate 23 and the sliding box front baffle plate 22; one group of hollow tubes includes a first hollow tube 26 and a second hollow tube 27, which are fixedly installed on the sliding box top plate 23, and the other group of hollow tubes includes a third hollow tube 29 and a fourth hollow tube 30, which are fixedly installed on the sliding box front baffle plate 22; the two groups of hollow tubes are staggered and opposed to each other to form a pivot structure.

[0071] It should be noted that the pivot structure is formed as follows: two sets of hollow tubes are butt-jointed and then a pivot shaft 28 is inserted to form a movable pivot structure.

[0072] A torsion spring 21 is also provided on the butt joint edge between the slide box top plate 23 and the slide box front baffle 22; the torsion spring 21 is used to automatically spring open when the slide box front baffle 22 is released.

[0073] It should be noted that if Figure 7 As shown, the annular main body of the torsion spring 21 is inserted into the outer edge of the pivot shaft 28. When the front baffle plate 22 of the sliding box is closed with the box body, the first extension edge 24 of the torsion spring 21 abuts against the inner surface of the box top plate, and the second extension edge 25 is pressed against the inner surface of the front edge baffle.

[0074] It needs to be further explained that if Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, the release principle of the torsion spring 21 is: when the block of the slide box 13 with a certain speed hits the impact block 18, the slide box front baffle 22 is released; at the same time, the compressed second extension edge 25 of the torsion spring 21 is released to bounce the slide box front baffle 22, and the test block 14 rushes out of the slide box 13 under the action of inertia.

[0075] like Figure 8-Figure 9 As shown, a slide box stopper 17 is provided at the bottom of the slide box front baffle 22 ; when the slide box stopper 17 collides with the bumper 18 on the slope, the slide box front baffle 22 is automatically retracted and released.

[0076] In this specific embodiment, the speed measuring device includes a string potentiometer sensor 11 and a collector 5; wherein:

[0077] The string potentiometer sensor 11 is installed on the test block 14 through the pulley 12 and is connected to the electrical signal collector 5; the string potentiometer sensor 11 is used to measure the entry speed of the test block 14 into the water.

[0078] It should be noted that the string potentiometer sensor 11 is connected to the test block 14 through the pulley 12, which is convenient for directly measuring the real-time speed of the test block 14; the measured water entry speed of the test block 14 is collected by the collector 5, and then transmitted to the computer for storage, so as to carry out relevant data processing.

[0079] It should be further explained that, since the string potentiometer sensor 11 cannot measure the water entry speed of the bulk slider, the water entry speed of the bulk slider is measured by video speed measurement in the present invention.

[0080] A method for testing landslide surges of an integrally adjusted bank slope using the above-mentioned testing device for testing landslide surges of an integrally adjusted bank slope comprises the following steps:

[0081] S100. Build a water model.

[0082] In this specific embodiment, S100 specifically includes the following steps:

[0083] S110. Obtain the experimental research requirements for this experiment.

[0084] S120. Based on the experimental research requirements obtained in S110 and according to the principle of similarity, generalize the water body model and the opposite bank slope model 15.

[0085] S130. Based on S120, determine the size and form of the test water pool 1.

[0086] S140. Based on S120, determine the slope value of the opposite bank slope model 15.

[0087] S200. Process of simulating landslide surge.

[0088] In this specific embodiment, S200 specifically includes the following steps:

[0089] S210. Move the test device to a manually preset test design position; then lock the roller 20.

[0090] S220. Adjust the hydraulic lifting test bench; specifically, after lifting up and down so that the slope extends into the test water pool 1, fix the hydraulic lifting test bench at the artificially preset test design height.

[0091] S230. The slope is rotated and lifted by adjusting the angle adjustment cylinder 6. During this process, the degree of the angle measuring disk 8 is observed in real time until it rotates to the manually preset test design angle.

[0092] S240. Then adjust the slope portion composed of the removable panel 33 connected by the invisible hinge 32 so that the slope extends into the bottom of the test pool 1.

[0093] S250. Place the test block 14 into the speed measuring pulley; then place the string potentiometer sensor 11 on the test block 14.

[0094] S260. After pushing the speed measuring pulley to the test design height, lock the speed measuring pulley.

[0095] S270. Check other preparations for this test until all other preparations are ready, and then execute S280.

[0096] S290. Release the speed measuring pulley to allow the test block 14 to rush into the water, thereby simulating a landslide process.

[0097] S300. Collect experimental data and process the experimental data.

[0098] In this specific embodiment, S300 specifically includes the following steps:

[0099] S310. Use a wave height meter and a high-speed camera to measure the generation process and propagation characteristics of surge waves; then transfer the test data to a computer for storage.

[0100] S320. Use the string potentiometer sensor 11 to measure the water entry speed of the test block 14.

[0101] S330. Wait for the water surface to calm down, and then execute S310 again.

[0102] S340. Repeat S310 to S340 until the collected experimental data meets the requirements of this experimental research.

[0103] S400. Execute the post-experiment process.

[0104] In the above detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than those clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the attached claims, the utility model is in a state with less than all the features of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the attached claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim acting alone as a separate preferred embodiment of the utility model.

[0105] The disclosed embodiments are described above to enable any person skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications of these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed in the present application.

[0106] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

[0107] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the utility model in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only the specific implementation method of the utility model and is not used to limit the protection scope of the utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the utility model should be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims

1. A landslide surge test device for overall adjustment of bank slope, characterized by: It includes a movable lifting test bench, an angle adjustment ramp, and a speed measuring pulley; among which: The movable lifting test platform comprises a movable frame (2), a hydraulic lifting test platform, and a load-bearing support plate (4); The angle adjustment slope comprises a slope, an angle adjustment oil cylinder (6), a rotating support seat (7), an angle measuring plate (8), and a buffer block (19); the angle adjustment slope is fixedly connected to the lifting test platform through the load-bearing support plate (4); The speed measuring pulley comprises a slide box (13) and a speed measuring device; the speed measuring pulley is slidably connected to the slope comprising a linear guide rail (16).

2. The landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slope comprises a non-adjustable slope (9) and an adjustable slope (10); the length of the slope is freely adjusted manually according to experimental research requirements.

3. The landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slide box (13) comprises a slide box front baffle (22), a slide box top plate (23), and a slide box stopper (17); the slide box front baffle (22) releases the test block (14) by automatically popping open; and a roller (20) is installed at the bottom of the slide box (13).

4. The landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope according to claim 3 is characterized by: The non-adjustable slope (9) comprises the linear guide rail (16), a slope panel (31), a bumper (18), and the buffer block (19); wherein: The collision block (18) is used to collide with the slide box stopper (17) on the slide box (13); The adjustable ramp includes invisible hinges (32) for connecting the removable panels (33); The length of the adjustable slope is adjusted by folding or detaching the detachable panels (33) connected by the invisible hinges (32).

5. The landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two groups of hollow tubes are provided on the butt joint edges of the slide box top plate (23) and the slide box front baffle plate (22); one group of the hollow tubes includes a first hollow tube (26) and a second hollow tube (27), which are fixedly mounted on the slide box top plate (23); the other group of the hollow tubes includes a third hollow tube (29) and a fourth hollow tube (30), which are fixedly mounted on the slide box front baffle plate (22); the two groups of the hollow tubes are staggered and opposed to each other to form a pivot structure; A torsion spring (21) is also provided on the butt joint edge between the slide box top plate (23) and the slide box front baffle (22); the torsion spring (21) is used to automatically pop open when the slide box front baffle (22) is released; The bottom of the slide box front baffle (22) is provided with the slide box stopper (17); when the slide box stopper (17) collides with the collision block (18) on the slope, it automatically retracts and releases the slide box front baffle (22).

6. The landslide surge test device for integrally adjusting the bank slope according to claim 5, characterized in that: The speed measuring device comprises a string potentiometer sensor (11) and a data collector (5); wherein: The string potentiometer sensor (11) is installed on the test block (14) via a pulley (12) and is connected to the electrical signal of the collector (5); the string potentiometer sensor (11) is used to measure the water entry speed of the test block (14).

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