Sling tension testing equipment

Abstract

The sling tension testing equipment comprises a frame body, an oil cylinder, a pulling trolley and a fixed trolley, the frame body is of a horizontally-placed rectangular frame structure, the oil cylinder is arranged at one end of the frame body, and a piston rod of the oil cylinder faces inwards and is horizontally parallel to the long edge of the frame body; the end of the piston rod is connected with the pulling trolley, the pulling trolley slides in the frame body in a guiding mode, and the fixed trolley is fixedly connected in the frame body. A sling piece needing tension testing is installed between the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley. According to the utility model, a horizontal test mode is adopted, and the test requirements of large slings can be met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of sling tension testing, in particular to a sling tension testing device. Background Art

[0002] Slings are ropes used for lifting made of steel wire rope or synthetic fiber. They are also called jack ropes or jack ropes, rope buckles. They are used to connect the crane hook and the hoisted equipment. Slings are mainly divided into two categories: metal slings and synthetic fiber slings. One is metal slings, which mainly include steel wire rope slings, chain slings, etc. The other is synthetic fiber slings, which mainly include ropes and belts made of nylon, polypropylene, polyester, and high-strength and high-modulus polyethylene fibers.

[0003] The sling plays a vital role in the lifting operation, so it is necessary to test its tensile properties before leaving the factory. Existing tensile testing equipment often uses a vertical tensile testing machine for testing, which can only meet the testing requirements of small slings. However, for large slings for lifting wind turbine towers and blades, since wind turbine towers are often in the hundreds of tons level, high-load-bearing slings are required. Conventional tensile testing machines cannot perform tensile tests. On the one hand, the limited height cannot meet the testing requirements of long slings, and on the other hand, the large tensile force cannot meet the requirements.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sling tension testing device to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Utility Model Content

[0005] The utility model aims to provide a sling tension test device which adopts a horizontal test method and can meet the test requirements of large slings.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The utility model discloses a sling tension test device, comprising a frame body, an oil cylinder, a pulling trolley and a fixed trolley, wherein the frame body is a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure, the oil cylinder is arranged at one end of the frame body and a piston rod is arranged inwardly and horizontally parallel to the long side of the frame body; the end of the piston rod is connected to the pulling trolley, the pulling trolley is guided and slid in the frame body, and the fixed trolley is fixedly connected to the frame body; and a sling piece requiring tension test is installed between the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley.

[0008] Furthermore, the frame body includes a longitudinal beam body and an end plate. The longitudinal beam body is specifically made of H-shaped steel, and a head plate is arranged at the end of the H-shaped steel. The two ends of the two parallel and aligned longitudinal beam bodies are fixedly connected to form a frame structure through the end plates.

[0009] Furthermore, a plurality of bottom legs arranged at equal intervals are provided at the bottom of the longitudinal beam body, and the bottom legs are specifically made of a section of H-shaped steel.

[0010] Furthermore, the ends of the upper and lower outer wing plates of the H-shaped steel of the longitudinal beam body are vertically connected with rib plates 1, and a plurality of rib plates 1 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body.

[0011] Furthermore, the opposite ends of the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley are provided with pin shaft holes, and both ends of the sling piece are connected to the end pin shaft holes of the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley through vertical pin shafts.

[0012] Furthermore, the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley are guided and slid between the two longitudinal beams by the first roller and the second roller on both sides respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the wing plates on both sides of the fixed trolley are inserted between the wing plates of the longitudinal beam body, and vertical pin holes are opened on the wing plates inside the longitudinal beam body. A pair of vertical pin shafts pass through the vertical pin holes and are connected to the through holes on the wing plates of the fixed trolley.

[0014] Furthermore, the number of the vertical pin holes is plural and they are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body; the longitudinal beam body is coaxially provided with a reinforcement ring at the opening position of the vertical pin holes.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a transverse pin shaft. A transverse pin hole is opened on the web of the longitudinal beam body. The transverse pin shaft horizontally passes through the transverse pin hole and the transverse through hole of the fixed trolley to complete the fixation of the fixed trolley.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a protective cover, which is a convex arc-shaped sheet metal part, and one side of the protective cover is

[0017] The hinge is connected to the outer edge of the top surface of the longitudinal beam body, and the protective cover can be buckled above the installation position of the sling member.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the utility model are:

[0019] The utility model discloses a sling tension test device. By setting the frame body as a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure, it is convenient to increase the length of the frame body, thereby realizing the test of a longer sling piece; by setting a horizontal oil cylinder to provide a contraction tension, it is possible to achieve a larger tension output, thereby ensuring a larger test range. The utility model sling tension test device adopts a horizontal test method, which can meet the test requirements of large slings.

[0020] In addition, the longitudinal beam body made of H-shaped steel has good longitudinal compression and bending strength, and can withstand large loads; multiple rib plates are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body, which can increase the bending resistance and local deformation resistance of the longitudinal beam body; the head plate and the end plate are bolted to the longitudinal beam body, and the internal oil cylinder, the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley can be replaced and maintained after disassembly. The bolt connection between the oil cylinder seat plate and the oil cylinder fixed plate realizes the detachable connection and installation of the oil cylinder. The sling parts are connected by the vertical pin shaft, which can realize the rapid clamping of the sling parts and improve the test efficiency. The first roller and the second roller enable the pulling trolley and the fixed trolley to slide along the opposite wing plates of the longitudinal beam body, thereby reducing the friction resistance. The fixed trolley is pinned and positioned by one or two pairs of vertical pin shafts, and multiple vertical pin holes are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body. Different vertical pin holes can be selected to position the fixed trolley, thereby adapting to the installation test of sling parts of different lengths. The installation position of the sling can be protected by the setting of the protective cover to avoid the safety accident caused by the broken head flying out when it is pulled apart. By adding an observation window, the shape change of the sling during the tensile test can be observed. The positioning of the fixed trolley after pinning by the horizontally connecting the horizontal pin shaft can directly apply the reaction pressure of the test tension to the belly plate of the stress-taking component, which is more reasonable in transmitting force than connecting to the wing plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sling tension testing device of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the sling tension testing device of the utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA part;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of another specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. longitudinal beam; 101. rib plate one; 102. bottom leg; 103. vertical pin hole; 104. cylinder fixing plate; 105. horizontal pin hole; 106. rib plate two; 2. end plate; 3. cylinder; 301. cylinder seat plate; 302. piston rod; 4. tensioning trolley; 401. first roller; 5. fixing trolley; 501. second roller; 6. vertical pin shaft; 601. handle; 7. protective cover; 701. magnet; 8. tension sensor; 9. horizontal pin shaft; 10. sling. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The core of the utility model is to provide a sling tension test device, which adopts a horizontal test method and can meet the test requirements of large slings.

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0030] With reference to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the sling tension testing device of the utility model; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the sling tension testing device of the utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA part; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of another specific embodiment of the utility model.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] In a specific embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the sling tension test equipment of the utility model includes a frame body, a cylinder 3, a pulling trolley 4 and a fixed trolley 5. The frame body is a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure, and the cylinder 3 is installed at one end of the frame body. The piston rod 302 of the cylinder 3 is arranged horizontally inward and parallel to the long side of the frame body. The end of the piston rod 302 is connected to the pulling trolley 4, and the pulling trolley 4 is guided to slide in the frame body, and the fixed trolley 5 is fixedly connected to the frame body. The sling part 10 that needs to be tension tested is installed between the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5.

[0033] Specifically, a hydraulic gauge or a pressure sensor is installed on the pump station of the oil cylinder 3, and the pulling force of the oil cylinder 3 can be calculated through the reading of the hydraulic gauge or the pressure sensor to achieve the measurement of the pulling force. Another way is to set a tension sensor 8, which is installed between the pulling trolley 4 and the end of the piston rod 302 to transmit the pulling force, and the tension sensor 8 feeds back the pulling force value to the electronic control system for testing.

[0034] By setting the frame body as a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure, it is convenient to increase the length of the frame body, thereby realizing the test of a longer sling 10; by setting a horizontal oil cylinder 3 to provide a contraction tension, a larger tension output can be achieved, ensuring a larger test range. The utility model sling tension test equipment adopts a horizontal test method and can meet the test requirements of large slings.

[0035] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the frame body includes a longitudinal beam body 1 and an end plate 2. The longitudinal beam body 1 is specifically made of H-shaped steel, and a head plate is arranged at the end of the H-shaped steel, and the head plate is welded on the end surface of the H-shaped steel. The two ends of the two parallel longitudinal beam bodies 1 are respectively fixedly connected by the end plates 2 to form a frame structure. Specifically, bolt holes are opened on the head plate and the end plate 2, and a detachable fixed connection is performed by passing bolts.

[0036] Specifically, if Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of bottom legs 102 are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the longitudinal beam body 1 , and the bottom legs 102 are specifically made of a section of H-shaped steel. The bottom legs 102 are directly welded to the bottom surface of the longitudinal beam body 1 .

[0037] Specifically, if Figure 1 As shown, the ends of the upper and lower outer wing plates of the H-shaped steel of the longitudinal beam body 1 are vertically connected with rib plates 101, and the large surface of the rib plates 101 is welded to the ends of the upper and lower wing plates. A plurality of rib plates 101 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1.

[0038] The longitudinal beam body 1 made of H-shaped steel has good longitudinal compressive and bending strength and can withstand large loads; a plurality of rib plates 101 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1, thereby increasing the bending resistance and local deformation resistance of the longitudinal beam body 1; the head plate and the end plate 2 are bolted to the longitudinal beam body 1, so that the internal oil cylinder 3, the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 can be replaced and maintained after disassembly.

[0039] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, at least two full-circle cylinder seat plates 301 are arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder barrel of the oil cylinder 3, and four cylinder fixing plates 104 are welded relatively to the inner sides of the two longitudinal beams 1. The cylinder seat plates 301 are connected to the cylinder fixing plates 104 by bolts.

[0040] Specifically, if Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the oil cylinder fixing plate 104 is inserted into the slot of the oil cylinder seat plate 301, that is, after removing the bolts, the oil cylinder 3 can also be removed from the top.

[0041] The detachable connection and installation of the oil cylinder 3 is achieved by bolting the oil cylinder seat plate 301 and the oil cylinder fixing plate 104 .

[0042] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the opposite ends of the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 are provided with pin holes, and both ends of the sling 10 are connected to the end pin holes of the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 through vertical pins 6. That is, the sling 10 can be connected to the vertical pin 6 by tools such as shackles.

[0043] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 are guided and slid between the two longitudinal beams 1 by the first roller 401 and the second roller 501 respectively. The rollers are provided with a limit platform at the wing end edge of the longitudinal beam 1 to prevent the vehicle body from swinging left and right.

[0044] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the two side wing plates of the fixed trolley 5 are inserted between the wing plates of the longitudinal beam body 1, and the wing plates inside the longitudinal beam body 1 are provided with vertical pin holes 103, and a pair of vertical pin shafts 6 pass through the vertical pin holes 103 on the left and right sides and are connected to the through holes on the wing plates of the fixed trolley 5. Obviously, as Figure 2 As described above, it is also possible to select only two pairs of vertical pins 6 to perform pin connection positioning on the fixed trolley 5. In order to facilitate the operation of the vertical pin 6, a handle 601 needs to be welded on the top surface of the vertical pin 6.

[0045] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, there are multiple vertical pin holes 103 and they are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1. The longitudinal beam body 1 is coaxially provided with a reinforcement ring at the opening position of the vertical pin hole 103, and the reinforcement ring is welded on the longitudinal beam body 1.

[0046] By connecting the sling 10 through the vertical pin shaft 6, the sling 10 can be quickly installed and clamped, thereby improving the test efficiency. Through the first roller 401 and the second roller 501, the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 can be guided and slid between the opposite wing plates of the longitudinal beam body 1, thereby reducing the friction resistance. The fixed trolley 5 is pinned and positioned through one or two pairs of vertical pin shafts 6, and a plurality of vertical pin holes 103 are provided along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1. Different vertical pin holes 103 can be selected to position the fixed trolley 5, thereby adapting to slings 10 of different lengths for installation and testing.

[0047] In a specific implementation of this embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the sling tension testing device of the utility model also includes a protective cover 7, which is a convex arc-shaped sheet metal part. One side of the protective cover 7 is connected to the outer edge of the top surface of the longitudinal beam body 1 through a hinge, and the protective cover 7 can be buckled above the installation position of the sling part 10.

[0048] Specifically, if Figure 2 As shown, a magnet 701 is also provided at the buckled distal end of the protective cover 7, and the magnet 701 can be attracted to the top surface of the longitudinal beam body 1, covering the entire installation area of ​​the sling member 10 for safety protection.

[0049] Specifically, the protective cover 7 is provided with an observation window, which is made of steel mesh and transparent plastic.

[0050] By providing the protective cover 7, the installation position of the sling 10 can be protected to avoid the broken ends from flying outwards and causing safety accidents when the sling is broken. By adding an observation window, the shape change of the sling 10 during the tensile test can be observed.

[0051] The testing process of the sling tension test equipment of the utility model is as follows: the equipment is initialized, that is, the electric control cabinet of the equipment is controlled, and the oil cylinder 3 is actuated to push the piston rod 302 to a suitable position. According to the length of the sling 10, the position of the fixed trolley 5 is adjusted, and the fixed trolley 5 can be pried with a crowbar to make the second roller 501 roll on the wing plate of the longitudinal beam body 1. When the wing plate through hole of the fixed trolley 5 is aligned with the selected vertical pin hole 103, two pairs of vertical pin shafts 6 are connected to the fixed trolley 5 for pin connection and positioning. The two ends of the sling 10 to be tested are connected with shackles, and the shackles are connected to the working ends of the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 through another vertical pin shaft 6. The protective cover 7 is turned over, and the protective cover 7 is buckled above the installation position of the sling 10 for safety protection. The control panel of the electric control cabinet of the equipment is controlled, and the oil cylinder 3 is actuated to pull the piston rod 302 back, and the pulling trolley 4 tightens the sling 10. The tension sensor 8 feeds back the tension value to the electronic control system, and the installation and setting test program completes the test. The host computer generates a tensile force curve and finally forms a test report.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Based on the above-mentioned embodiment 1, the positioning method of the fixed trolley 5 is improved to form this embodiment. Figure 4 As shown, the sling tension testing device of the utility model also includes a transverse pin shaft 9, a transverse pin hole 105 is opened on the web of the longitudinal beam body 1, and the transverse pin shaft 9 horizontally passes through the transverse pin hole 105 and the transverse through hole of the fixed trolley 5 to complete the fixation of the fixed trolley 5.

[0054] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of transverse pin holes 105 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1 .

[0055] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, a reinforcing ring is coaxially welded on the outer end surface of the transverse pin hole 105 to enhance the strength.

[0056] Specifically, if Figure 4 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation and removal of the transverse pin shaft 9, the rib plate 101 in embodiment 1 is partially or completely replaced by the rib plate 2 106. The large surface direction of the rib plate 2 106 is perpendicular to the web of the longitudinal beam body 1, leaving enough space for the installation and removal of the transverse pin shaft 9.

[0057] By pinning the fixed trolley 5 in a manner of laterally penetrating the transverse pin shaft 9, compared with being connected to the wing plate, the reaction pressure of the test tension can be directly applied to the belly plate of the stress-carrying component, and the force transmission is more reasonable.

[0058] In summary, the sling tension test equipment of the utility model is convenient to increase the length of the frame body by setting the frame body as a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure, thereby realizing the test of a longer sling 10; by setting a horizontal oil cylinder 3 to provide a contraction tension, a larger tension output can be achieved, ensuring a larger test range. The sling tension test equipment of the utility model adopts a horizontal test method and can meet the test requirements of large slings. In addition, the longitudinal beam body 1 made of H-shaped steel has good longitudinal compressive and bending strength and can withstand a large load; by arranging multiple rib plates 101 at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1, the bending resistance and local deformation resistance of the longitudinal beam body 1 can be increased; by bolting the head plate and the end plate 2 to the longitudinal beam body 1, the internal oil cylinder 3, the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 can be replaced and maintained after disassembly. The detachable connection and installation of the oil cylinder 3 is realized by bolting the oil cylinder seat plate 301 and the oil cylinder fixing plate 104. By connecting the sling 10 through the vertical pin shaft 6, the sling 10 can be quickly clamped and the test efficiency can be improved. Through the first roller 401 and the second roller 501, the pulling trolley 4 and the fixed trolley 5 can be guided and slid along the opposite wing plates of the longitudinal beam body 1 to reduce friction resistance. The fixed trolley 5 is pinned and positioned by one or two pairs of vertical pin shafts 6, and a plurality of vertical pin holes 103 are set along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body 1. Different vertical pin holes 103 can be selected to position the fixed trolley 5, so as to adapt to the installation test of slings 10 of different lengths. Through the setting of the protective cover 7, the installation position of the sling 10 can be protected to avoid the safety accident caused by the broken head when it is pulled off. By adding an observation window, the morphological changes of the sling 10 during the tensile test can be observed. By pinning the fixed trolley 5 by horizontally passing the horizontal pin shaft 9, compared with connecting it to the wing plate, the reaction pressure of the test tension can be directly applied to the web of the strained component, and the transmission force is more reasonable.

[0059] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0060] The embodiments described above are only descriptions of the preferred methods of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field should fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sling tension test device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame body, an oil cylinder (3), a pulling trolley (4) and a fixed trolley (5); the frame body is a horizontally placed rectangular frame structure; the oil cylinder (3) is arranged at one end of the frame body and the piston rod (302) is arranged inwardly and horizontally parallel to the long side of the frame body; the end of the piston rod (302) is connected to the pulling trolley (4); the pulling trolley (4) is guided and slidable within the frame body; the fixed trolley (5) is fixedly connected to the frame body; a sling piece (10) requiring tension testing is installed between the pulling trolley (4) and the fixed trolley (5).

2. The sling tension testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame body comprises a longitudinal beam body (1) and an end plate (2); the longitudinal beam body (1) is specifically made of H-shaped steel, and a head plate is arranged at the end of the H-shaped steel; the two ends of the two longitudinal beam bodies (1) arranged in parallel and aligned are fixedly connected by the end plates (2) to form a frame structure.

3. The sling tension testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the longitudinal beam body (1) is provided with a plurality of bottom legs (102) arranged at equal intervals, and the bottom legs (102) are specifically made of a section of H-shaped steel.

4. The sling tension testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ends of the upper and lower outer wing plates of the H-shaped steel of the longitudinal beam body (1) are vertically connected with a rib plate one (101), and a plurality of rib plates one (101) are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body (1).

5. The sling tension test equipment according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The opposite ends of the pulling trolley (4) and the fixed trolley (5) are provided with pin holes, and both ends of the sling member (10) are connected to the end pin holes of the pulling trolley (4) and the fixed trolley (5) through vertical pins (6).

6. The sling tension testing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pulling trolley (4) and the fixed trolley (5) are guided and slid between the two longitudinal beam bodies (1) by means of a first roller (401) and a second roller (501) on both sides.

7. The sling tension testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wing plates on both sides of the fixed trolley (5) are inserted between the wing plates of the longitudinal beam body (1), and a vertical pin hole (103) is opened on the wing plate on the inner side of the longitudinal beam body (1). A pair of vertical pin shafts (6) pass through the vertical pin hole (103) and are connected to the through holes on the wing plates of the fixed trolley (5).

8. The sling tension testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vertical pin holes (103) are multiple in number and are arranged along the length direction of the longitudinal beam body (1); the longitudinal beam body (1) is coaxially provided with a reinforcing ring at the opening position of the vertical pin holes (103).

9. The sling tension testing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a transverse pin shaft (9), a transverse pin hole (105) is opened on the web of the longitudinal beam body (1), and the transverse pin shaft (9) horizontally passes through the transverse pin hole (105) and the transverse through hole of the fixed trolley (5) to complete the fixation of the fixed trolley (5).

10. The sling tension testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a protective cover (7), which is a convex arc-shaped sheet metal part. One side of the protective cover (7) is connected to the outer edge of the top surface of the longitudinal beam body (1) through a hinge. The protective cover (7) can be buckled above the installation position of the sling member (10).

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