Arc extinguish chamber and electric appliance switch
By designing gas-producing spacers and flow-draining arc limiting fin structures in electrical switches, the problem of arc extinguishing at high voltages is solved, and the arc extinguishing capability and safety performance are improved without increasing the volume and number of grids.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202421148233.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-05-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-01-10
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-05-24
AI Technical Summary
It is difficult for existing electrical switches to effectively extinguish the arc under high voltage, and increasing the number of arc extinguishing grids will lead to an increase in the volume of the equipment. How to improve the arc extinguishing capacity without increasing the volume and number of grids has become a problem.
An arc extinguishing chamber was designed, using multiple gas-producing spacers and a diversion arc-limiting fin structure, which accelerates arc cooling and compression by generating gas and narrow slit effects, preventing arcs from moving toward the grid set and arc-spaced under high pressure. Wall contact, small exhaust ports and diversion ridge structure prevent behind the arc from breakdown, and increase arc voltage to improve arc extinguishing ability.
Effectively accelerates the extinguishing of the arc, prevents creepage and breakdown, improves arc extinguishing capabilities and the safety performance of electrical switches, especially under high voltage conditions.
Smart Images
Figure CN222338109U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of arc extinguishing equipment, in particular to an arc extinguishing chamber and an electrical switch. Background Art
[0002] During the operation of the switch, the voltage between the contacts causes the air medium to discharge and form an arc. Therefore, in various electrical switches such as circuit breakers, disconnectors, and contactors, arc extinguishing chambers are usually set to extinguish the arc to ensure the safe operation of electrical equipment.
[0003] The arc extinguishing chamber is the core component of the electrical switch, which is used to limit the spatial position of the arc in the electrical switch and accelerate the extinction of the arc. The common arc extinguishing chamber is composed of arc extinguishing grids and arc isolation walls. Its arc extinguishing ability is positively correlated with the number of arc extinguishing grids, the cross-sectional area of the arc extinguishing grids and the pressure in the arc extinguishing chamber; the more arc extinguishing grids there are, the higher the arc voltage is, and the better the arc extinguishing ability of the arc extinguishing chamber. In recent years, as the working voltage of electrical switches has become higher and higher, creepage and breakdown are prone to occur on the surface of the arc isolation wall. The number of grids that can be accommodated in the arc extinguishing chamber in a limited space is limited. Continuing to increase the number of grids will inevitably increase the volume of the electrical switch. How to improve the arc extinguishing ability and safety performance of the arc extinguishing chamber without continuing to increase the volume of the electrical switch and the number of grids, especially the arc extinguishing ability under high voltages of AC1500V and DC1500V and above, has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in electrical switches.
[0004] Based on this, a new solution is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of the utility model is to provide an arc extinguishing chamber and an electrical switch to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and to improve the arc extinguishing ability of the arc extinguishing chamber without further increasing the volume of the electrical switch and the number of grid plates.
[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following solutions:
[0007] The utility model provides an arc extinguishing chamber, which comprises two arc isolation walls arranged opposite to each other, an arc extinguishing grid group fixed between the two arc isolation walls, a plurality of gas producing spacers, an arc inlet, an exhaust port and an active chamber for moving a moving contact, wherein the arc extinguishing grid group comprises a plurality of arc extinguishing grids arranged at intervals, the gas producing spacers are arranged on the left and right sides of the active chamber, an arc extinguishing gap is formed between any two adjacent arc extinguishing grids, the gas producing spacers are arranged on the left and right sides of at least part of the arc extinguishing gaps, and one end of each of the gas producing spacers is arranged in contact with the arc isolation wall.
[0008] Preferably, the exhaust port is divided into an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port, and the gas-producing partitions are arranged on the left and right sides of the multiple arc-extinguishing gaps forming the lower exhaust port, and the upper limit arc parts are arranged on the multiple arc-extinguishing gaps forming the upper exhaust port, and the upper limit arc parts have a plurality of left and right arranged guide arc-limiting fin structures and a guide ridge plate structure that connects the guide arc-limiting fin structures and forms left and right small exhaust ports, and each upper and lower adjacent two guide arc-limiting fins are spaced apart by a distance of at least one arc-extinguishing grid plate, and each left and right adjacent two guide arc-limiting fins are respectively inserted into the upper and lower adjacent two arc-extinguishing gaps, and the upper and lower surfaces of the guide arc-limiting fins are in contact with the surface of the arc-extinguishing grid plate, and one end of each guide arc-limiting fin is arranged in contact with the arc isolation wall.
[0009] Preferably, the left and right width of each of the guide arc-limiting fin structures is less than half the width of the arc-extinguishing grid, the guide ridge structure is arranged in close contact with the end surface of the arc-extinguishing grid on the exhaust port side, and the guide ridge structure is arranged near the middle part of the left and right width of the arc-extinguishing grid.
[0010] Preferably, it further comprises a stationary contact cover, wherein a portion of the stationary contact cover extends from the bottom of the lower exhaust port toward the top to the upper exhaust port.
[0011] Preferably, the gas generating partition is an insulating gas generating partition.
[0012] Preferably, a chamfer structure is provided at one end of the current guiding and arc limiting fin structure which faces the arc inlet and is close to the left and right centers of the arc extinguishing grid.
[0013] The utility model also provides an electrical switch, comprising the arc extinguishing chamber, the moving contact and the static contact as described above.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the utility model has achieved the following technical effects:
[0015] The utility model adopts the above technical scheme. When an arc is generated, the gas-generating partition generates gas under the high temperature of the arc, which causes the spatial pressure to increase suddenly. The high pressure in the arc extinguishing chamber can compress the arc diameter. At the same time, the gas-generating partition forms a narrow gap in the space, which also has a compression effect on the arc, thereby increasing the arc voltage and accelerating the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing grid group. It can also accelerate the cooling of the arc, which is beneficial to the extinction of the arc.
[0016] In addition, after the arc enters the lower part of the arc extinguishing grid group, a higher arc voltage is quickly established due to the cooling and deionization effect of the arc extinguishing grid and the near-pole voltage drop effect. After the arc is ejected from the narrow gap of the gas-producing partition, it enters the narrow gap formed by the gas-producing partitions on both sides of the arc extinguishing gap. The gas-producing partitions produce gas under the high temperature of the arc, and the pressure formed in the arc extinguishing gap causes the arc voltage to continue to increase. The gas-producing partitions on both sides of the arc extinguishing gap can effectively block the arc from moving to the contact point between the arc extinguishing grid group and the arc isolation wall under high pressure and strong electric field environment, prevent creepage and breakdown between grids with voltage gradient and on the arc isolation wall, so that the arc is discharged only from the middle outlet position of the arc extinguishing grid, thereby ensuring the utilization rate of the grid and improving the arc extinguishing capability.
[0017] Furthermore, after the arc enters the upper half of the arc extinguishing grid group, since each current-guiding and current-limiting fin of the upper arc limit member is separated from each other by at least one arc extinguishing grid, the fin portion on the left side of the current-guiding and arc-limiting fin structure is inserted between the arc extinguishing grids to fit the grid arrangement, and the fin portion on the right side of the current-guiding and arc-limiting fin structure is inserted between the arc extinguishing grids to fit the grid arrangement. The exposed portion of the current-guiding and arc-limiting fin structure can form a number of independent small exhaust ports on the upper, lower, left and right sides between each arc extinguishing grid together with the current-guiding ridge plate structure, so that the gas with arc energy in the entire arc extinguishing grid group can be discharged through each small exhaust hole, and a voltage gradient is formed between each small exhaust hole, which effectively prevents the gas with arc energy from breaking down from behind outside the arc extinguishing grid, resulting in a disconnection failure.
[0018] Furthermore, the fin portion on the left side of the guide and arc-limiting fin structure is inserted between the arc-extinguishing grids and fits the grid arrangement, and the right side between the grids is a gas passage, that is, the left exhaust port, and the end faces of the guide and arc-limiting fin structure close to the left and right centers of the arc-extinguishing grids are provided with chamfered structures, which can reduce the resistance of the arc moving toward the exhaust port.
[0019] Furthermore, the exposed part of the guide arc limiting fin structure can form several small exhaust ports, i.e., left exhaust port and right exhaust port, independently of each other, between each arc extinguishing grid plate with the guide ridge plate structure. When encountering a fault arc with a particularly high working voltage and a particularly large energy, even if the arc jumps out of the grid passages corresponding to the several small exhaust ports, since the small exhaust ports are independently of each other, the arc can only move to the insulating part of the exhaust hole in an elongated manner, which elongates the arc, increases the arc voltage, and improves the arc extinguishing ability, especially the arc extinguishing ability when the working voltage of the electrical switch is high and the number of arc extinguishing grid plates is insufficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0021] Figure 1 A front view of the arc extinguishing chamber provided by the utility model;
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Side view of
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Rear view of
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 1 Rear view of the arc extinguishing chamber without static contact cover;
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 The three-dimensional structure diagram of
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A view in another direction;
[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 1 Exploded diagram of the structure;
[0028] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper limit arc piece;
[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 A view in another direction;
[0030] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper arc limit piece and the arc extinguishing grid piece being installed in coordination;
[0031] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rear gas generation partition and the arc extinguishing grid being installed in coordination;
[0032] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper limit arc piece, the front gas generating partition piece and the rear gas generating partition piece being installed in coordination;
[0033] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an arc extinguishing chamber (i.e., an electrical switch) having a moving contact and a stationary contact;
[0034] In the figure: 1-front gas generating partition; 2-arc inlet; 3-arc isolation wall; 4-stationary contact cover; 5-arc extinguishing grid; 6-upper arc piece; 7-exhaust port; 8-rear gas generating partition; 9-small exhaust port; 11-flow guiding and arc limiting fin structure; 12-chamfered structure; 13-flow guiding ridge plate structure; 14-active chamber; 15-moving contact; 16-stationary contact. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.
[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.
[0037] The utility model provides an arc extinguishing chamber, such as Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the arc extinguishing chamber includes two arc-isolating walls 3 arranged opposite to each other, an arc-extinguishing grid group fixed between the two arc-isolating walls 3, a plurality of gas-producing partitions, an arc inlet 2, an exhaust port 7 and an active chamber 14 for providing movement for the moving contact 15. The arc-extinguishing grid group includes a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids 5 arranged at intervals. Gas-producing partitions are arranged on the left and right sides of the active chamber 14, which are the front gas-producing partitions 1 in the figure. An arc-extinguishing gap is formed between any two adjacent arc-extinguishing grids 5. Gas-producing partitions are arranged on the left and right sides of at least part of the arc-extinguishing gap, which are the rear gas-producing partitions 8 in the figure. One end of each gas-producing partition is arranged in contact with the arc-isolating wall 3.
[0038] Two arc-isolating walls 3 are arranged at the left and right sides respectively, and play a fixing and supporting role. An arc-extinguishing grid group consisting of a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids arranged at intervals is fixed between the two arc-isolating walls 3 .
[0039] The utility model adopts the above technical scheme. When an arc is generated, the front gas generating partition 1 generates gas under the high temperature of the arc, which causes a sudden increase in the space pressure. The high pressure in the arc extinguishing chamber can compress the arc diameter. At the same time, the front gas generating partition 1 forms a narrow gap in the space, which also has a compression effect on the arc, thereby increasing the arc voltage and accelerating the arc to move toward the arc extinguishing grid group. It can also accelerate the cooling of the arc, which is beneficial to the extinction of the arc.
[0040] In addition, after the arc enters the lower part of the arc extinguishing grid group, due to the cooling and deionization effect of the arc extinguishing grid 5 and the near-pole voltage drop effect, a higher arc voltage is quickly established. After the arc is ejected from the narrow gap of the front gas-generating partition 1, it enters the narrow gap formed by the rear gas-generating partition 8 on both sides of the arc extinguishing gap. The rear gas-generating partition 8 generates gas under the action of the high temperature of the arc, and forms pressure in the arc extinguishing gap to cause the arc voltage to continue to increase. The rear gas-generating partition 8 on both sides of the arc extinguishing gap can effectively block the arc from moving toward the contact point between the arc extinguishing grid group and the arc isolation wall 3 under high pressure and strong electric field environment, prevent creepage and breakdown between grids with voltage gradient and on the arc isolation wall 3, so that the arc is only discharged from the middle outlet position of the arc extinguishing grid 5, thereby ensuring the utilization rate of the grid and improving the arc extinguishing capability.
[0041] In some embodiments, the exhaust port 7 is divided into an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port, and rear gas generating partitions 8 are arranged on the left and right sides of the multiple arc extinguishing gaps forming the lower exhaust port, and upper limit arc parts 6 are arranged on the multiple arc extinguishing gaps forming the upper exhaust port. The upper limit arc part 6 has a plurality of left and right arranged guide arc limiting fin structures 11 and a guide ridge plate structure 13 that connects the guide arc limiting fin structures 11 and forms left and right small exhaust ports. There is at least a distance of one arc extinguishing grid plate 5 between each two adjacent upper and lower guide arc limiting fins, and each two adjacent left and right guide arc limiting fins are respectively inserted in two adjacent upper and lower arc extinguishing gaps, and the upper and lower surfaces of the guide arc limiting fins are in contact with the surface of the arc extinguishing grid plate 5, and one end of each guide arc limiting fin is arranged in contact with the arc isolation wall 3.
[0042] In the embodiment of the utility model, after the arc enters the upper half of the arc extinguishing grid group, since each current guiding and limiting fin of the upper arc limit member 6 is spaced at least one arc extinguishing grid 5 apart from top to bottom, the left fin portion of the current guiding and arc limiting fin structure 11 is inserted between the arc extinguishing grids 5 to fit the grid arrangement, and the right fin portion of the current guiding and arc limiting fin structure 11 is inserted between the arc extinguishing grids 5 to fit the grid arrangement, and the exposed portion of the current guiding and arc limiting fin structure 11 can form a plurality of independent small exhaust ports 9 on the upper and lower sides and on the left and right sides of each arc extinguishing grid 5 together with the current guiding ridge plate structure 13, so that the gas with arc energy in the entire arc extinguishing grid group can be discharged through each small exhaust hole, and a voltage gradient is formed between each small exhaust hole, which effectively prevents the gas with arc energy from being broken down from behind outside the arc extinguishing grid 5, resulting in a disconnection failure.
[0043] In some embodiments, the left and right width of each guide arc-limiting fin structure 11 is less than half the width of the arc-extinguishing grid 5, the guide ridge structure 13 is arranged in close contact with the end surface of the exhaust port side of the arc-extinguishing grid 5, and the guide ridge structure 13 is arranged near the middle part of the left and right width of the arc-extinguishing grid 5.
[0044] In some embodiments, the utility model further comprises a static contact cover 4, and part of the static contact cover 4 extends from the bottom of the lower exhaust port to the top to the upper exhaust port. The static contact cover 4 is arranged in close contact with the arc extinguishing chamber, and the minimum spacing between one side and the gas generating partition below the exhaust port 7 of the arc extinguishing chamber is 1 to 2 mm.
[0045] In some embodiments, the flow-guiding arc-limiting fin structure 11 of the upper arc member 6 and the front gas-generating partition 1 in the active chamber 14 may be arranged in close contact with each other, or may be arranged with a spacing of 1 mm to 5 mm.
[0046] In some embodiments, the gas generating partition is an insulating gas generating partition, that is, the front gas generating partition and the rear gas generating partition are both made of insulating material and have an insulating function.
[0047] In some embodiments, a chamfered structure 12 is provided at one end of the guide arc limiting fin structure 11 facing the arc inlet 2 and close to the left and right center of the arc extinguishing grid 5 to reduce the resistance of the arc moving toward the small exhaust port.
[0048] The embodiment of the utility model further provides an electrical switch, comprising the arc extinguishing chamber, the moving contact 15 and the stationary contact 16 as described above.
[0049] The embodiment of the utility model has all the advantages of the arc extinguishing chamber described above, which will not be described in detail here.
[0050] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
Claims
1. An arc extinguishing chamber, comprising two arc-isolating walls arranged opposite to each other, an arc-extinguishing grid group fixed between the two arc-isolating walls, an arc inlet, an exhaust port and a movable chamber for moving a moving contact, wherein the arc-extinguishing grid group comprises a plurality of arc-extinguishing grids arranged at intervals, characterized in that: It also includes multiple gas-producing partitions, which are arranged on the left and right sides of the active chamber, and an arc-extinguishing gap is formed between any two adjacent arc-extinguishing grids. The gas-producing partitions are arranged on the left and right sides of at least part of the arc-extinguishing gaps, and one end of each gas-producing partition is arranged in close contact with the arc-extinguishing wall.
2. The arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust port is divided into an upper exhaust port and a lower exhaust port, and the gas-producing partitions are arranged on the left and right sides of the multiple arc-extinguishing gaps forming the lower exhaust port, and the upper limit arc parts are arranged on the multiple arc-extinguishing gaps forming the upper exhaust port, and the upper limit arc parts have a plurality of guide arc-limiting fin structures arranged on the left and right and a guide ridge plate structure that connects the guide arc-limiting fin structures and forms left and right small exhaust ports, and each upper and lower adjacent two guide arc-limiting fins are spaced apart by at least one arc-extinguishing grid plate, and each left and right adjacent two guide arc-limiting fins are respectively inserted into the upper and lower adjacent two arc-extinguishing gaps, and the upper and lower surfaces of the guide arc-limiting fins are in contact with the surface of the arc-extinguishing grid, and one end of each guide arc-limiting fin is arranged in contact with the arc-isolating wall.
3. The arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left and right width of each of the guide arc-limiting fin structures is less than half the width of the arc-extinguishing grid, the guide ridge structure is arranged in close contact with the end surface of the arc-extinguishing grid on the exhaust port side, and the guide ridge structure is arranged near the middle part of the left and right width of the arc-extinguishing grid.
4. The arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a stationary contact cover, a portion of which extends from the bottom of the lower exhaust port toward the top to the upper exhaust port.
5. The arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas generating partition is an insulating gas generating partition.
6. The arc extinguishing chamber according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chamfer structure is provided at one end of the current guiding and arc limiting fin structure facing the arc inlet and close to the left and right centers of the arc extinguishing grid.
7. An electrical switch, characterized in that: It comprises the arc extinguishing chamber, the moving contact and the static contact as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.