Femoral intramedullary nail triangular locking device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a femoral intramedullary nail triangular locking device which comprises a main nail, a cable-stayed force nail, a transverse tension nail and a tail cap, the main nail is of a hollow structure, external threads are arranged in the main nail, the main nail is respectively provided with a first nail hole for containing the cable-stayed force nail and a second nail hole for containing the transverse tension nail, and the tail cap is connected with the cable-stayed force nail and the transverse tension nail. A plurality of rotary limiting blocks are evenly distributed in the second nail hole, the tail portion of the cable-stayed force nail is subjected to oblique cutting treatment and is parallel to the side wall of the femur, the cable-stayed force nail and the transverse tension nail are each provided with a positioning structure, the cable-stayed force nail is provided with a third nail hole for containing the transverse tension nail, and the transverse tension nail is in a step design. The transverse tension nail is provided with a translation limiting groove and a rotation limiting groove matched with the rotation limiting block. The tail cap is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread and a translation limiting block matched with the translation limiting groove. The problem that in the prior art, an intramedullary nail is prone to rotating and moving is solved, and the intramedullary nail is suitable for fixing the thighbone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a triangular locking device for a femoral intramedullary nail. Background Art

[0002] As China's population ages, the number of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly is increasing, accounting for about 50% of hip fractures. Elderly patients often have osteoporosis, and the proportion of unstable intertrochanteric fractures after trauma is gradually increasing. For intertrochanteric fractures, it is currently advocated to use femoral intramedullary nails for internal fixation treatment, which can reconstruct the connection of the intertrochanteric fracture site through femoral intramedullary nails, thereby restoring the physiological structural integrity of the fracture site.

[0003] At present, when the existing femoral intramedullary nail is used to fix the fractured femur, the intramedullary nail often rotates and moves, causing the fractured bone to shift, rotate or separate, affecting the overall recovery of the patient. Utility Model Content

[0004] The utility model aims to provide a triangular locking device for a femoral intramedullary nail, so as to solve the problem that the intramedullary nail is easy to rotate and move in the prior art, and to avoid displacement, rotation or separation of broken bones.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The basic technical solution provided by the utility model is: a triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nails, comprising a main nail, an oblique tension nail and a transverse tension nail, the main nail being a hollow structure, movably connected with a tail cap, the tail cap being provided with a translation limit block, the main nail being respectively provided with a first nail hole for accommodating the oblique tension nail and a second nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension nail, the oblique tension nail being provided with a third nail hole for accommodating the transverse tension nail, a rotation limit block being provided in the second nail hole, and the transverse tension nail being respectively provided with a translation limit groove matching the translation limit block and a rotation limit groove matching the rotation limit block.

[0007] The principle of the basic technical solution: the translation limit block matches the translation limit slot to prevent the translation limit slot from sliding, thereby fixing the transverse tension nail horizontally to prevent it from sliding; the rotation limit block matches the rotation limit slot to prevent the rotation limit slot from rotating, thereby preventing the transverse tension nail from rotating; thereby ensuring the stability of the triangular structure formed by the main nail, oblique tension nail and transverse tension nail, and the triangular structure is consistent with the femoral medullary cavity structure, thereby ensuring the fixation of the femur by the device to prevent it from displacement, rotation or separation.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the basic technical solution are: the main nail, oblique tension nail and transverse tension nail form a triangular structure consistent with the femoral medullary cavity structure, which can firmly fix the femur and support the femur; effectively prevent the displacement and rotation of the transverse tension nail, so that the triangular structure is stable, and the nails will not move or rotate, thereby effectively preventing the broken bones from rotating, dislocating or separating.

[0009] Preferably, the main nail is provided with an external thread, and the tail cap is provided with an internal thread matching the external thread.

[0010] Through the above arrangement, the connection firmness between the main nail and the tail cap is ensured.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of rotation limit blocks are provided, and the plurality of rotation limit blocks are evenly distributed in the second nail hole.

[0012] Through the above setting, multiple rotation limit blocks are set, so that the rotation limit slot can be matched with it by slightly rotating it. At the same time, by increasing the rotation limit blocks, the pressure on a single rotation limit block is reduced, thereby preventing the rotation limit block from falling from the second nail hole.

[0013] Preferably, the transverse tension nails are of stepped design.

[0014] The above arrangement facilitates the implantation of the lateral tension nail.

[0015] Preferably, both the oblique tension nails and the transverse tension nails are provided with positioning structures.

[0016] The above arrangement facilitates the implantation of the oblique tension nails and the transverse tension nails into the predetermined positions.

[0017] Preferably, the tail of the oblique tension nail is beveled and parallel to the side wall of the femur.

[0018] Through the above arrangement, the tail of the oblique tension nail is parallel to the side wall of the femur, thereby reducing soft tissue stimulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a triangular locking device for a femoral intramedullary nail according to the utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to the utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0023] The names of the corresponding marks in the accompanying drawings are: main nail 1, oblique tension nail 2, lateral tension nail 3, tail cap 4, translation limit block 5, first nail hole 6, second nail hole 7, third nail hole 8, rotation limit block 9, translation limit groove 10, rotation limit groove 11, external thread 12, internal thread 13, positioning structure 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation examples:

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown: a triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nails, comprising a main nail 1, an oblique tension nail 2, a transverse tension nail 3 and a tail cap 4, the main nail 1 is a hollow structure, an external thread 12 is arranged in the main nail 1, the main nail 1 is respectively provided with a first nail hole 6 for accommodating the oblique tension nail 2 and a second nail hole 7 for accommodating the transverse tension nail 3, a plurality of rotation limit blocks 9 are evenly distributed in the second nail hole 7, the tail of the oblique tension nail 2 is beveled and parallel to the side wall of the femur, the oblique tension nail 2 and the transverse tension nail 3 are both provided with a positioning structure 14, the oblique tension nail 2 is provided with a third nail hole 8 for accommodating the transverse tension nail 3, the transverse tension nail 3 is of a stepped design, the transverse tension nail 3 is respectively provided with a translation limit groove 10 and a rotation limit groove 11 matching the rotation limit block 9, the tail cap 4 is respectively provided with an internal thread 13 matching the external thread 12 and a translation limit block 5 matching the translation limit groove 10.

[0026] The specific implementation process is as follows: first implant the main nail 1 into the femur, then pass the oblique tension nail 2 through the first nail hole 6, and connect the front end of the oblique tension nail 2 to the broken bone to achieve the connection between the femur and the broken bone; then pass the transverse tension nail through the second nail hole 7 and the third nail hole 8 in sequence, and connect the front end of the transverse tension nail 3 to the broken bone to strengthen the connection between the femur and the broken bone. At the same time, two intramedullary nails are implanted into the broken bone to effectively prevent the broken bone from rotating; finally, thread the tail cap 4 to the main nail 1.

[0027] When the oblique tension nail 2 is implanted, the positioning structure 14 helps the oblique tension nail 2 to be positioned, so that the oblique tension nail 2 is implanted at a preset position;

[0028] When the transverse tension nail 3 is implanted, the positioning structure 14 helps the transverse tension nail 3 to be positioned so that the transverse tension nail 3 is implanted at a preset position; the rotation limit block 8 and the rotation limit groove 11 are locked to prevent the transverse tension nail 3 from rotating, thereby preventing the fractured bone from rotating or dislocating;

[0029] When the tail cap 4 is implanted, the tail end of the main nail 1 is sealed by the tail cap 4 to prevent the patient's bone and flesh from growing into the main nail 1 during the subsequent rehabilitation process. At the same time, the translation limit block 5 at the front end of the tail cap 4 is locked with the translation limit groove 10 to prevent the lateral tension nail 3 from moving, thereby preventing the fractured bone from being dislocated or separated due to the withdrawal of the lateral tension nail 3.

[0030] The main nail 1, the oblique tension nail 2 and the transverse tension nail 3 form a triangular structure consistent with the femoral medullary cavity structure. By ensuring the fixation of the transverse tension nail 3, the triangular structure is guaranteed to be stable, thereby effectively supporting the femur and the broken bone to prevent the broken bone from rotating, dislocating or separating.

[0031] The above is only an embodiment of the utility model, and the common knowledge such as the known specific technical scheme or characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, several deformations and improvements can be made without departing from the technical scheme of the utility model, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the utility model, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the utility model and the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A triangular locking device for a femoral intramedullary nail, characterized in that: The invention comprises a main nail (1), an oblique tension nail (2) and a transverse tension nail (3); the main nail (1) is a hollow structure; the main nail (1) is movably connected to a tail cap (4); the tail cap (4) is provided with a translation limit block (5); the main nail (1) is provided with a first nail hole (6) for accommodating the oblique tension nail (2) and a second nail hole (7) for accommodating the transverse tension nail (3); the oblique tension nail (2) is provided with a third nail hole (8) for accommodating the transverse tension nail (3); a rotation limit block (9) is provided in the second nail hole (7); and the transverse tension nail (3) is provided with a translation limit groove (10) matching the translation limit block (5) and a rotation limit groove (11) matching the rotation limit block (9).

2. A triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main nail (1) is provided with an external thread (12), and the tail cap (4) is provided with an internal thread (13) matching the external thread (12).

3. A triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation limit blocks (9) are provided in plurality, and the plurality of rotation limit blocks (9) are evenly distributed in the second nail hole (7).

4. A triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse tension nail (3) is designed in a stepped manner.

5. A triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oblique tension nail (2) and the transverse tension nail (3) are both provided with a positioning structure (14).

6. A triangular locking device for femoral intramedullary nail according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tail of the oblique tension nail (2) is beveled and parallel to the side wall of the femur.

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